SonoSense Technologies Inc. Handheld Spectrum Analyzer Sanaz Jahanbakhsh (CEO) Johnny Pak (COO) Naureen Sikder (Head of R&D) Kenneth Wong (CFO)

SonoSense Technologies Inc.

Handheld Spectrum Analyzer

Sanaz Jahanbakhsh (CEO)Johnny Pak (COO)

Naureen Sikder (Head of R&D)Kenneth Wong (CFO)

April 25, 2007 Copyright SonoSense Technologies Inc. 2007 2


Outline of Presentation• Introduction• Business Aspects and Prospects• Hardware Components• Software Components• Project Dynamics• Future Plans• Conclusion



Product Overview

“It Rocks!”



System Description

• Handheld Spectrum Analyzer (HSA)

• Standalone Surveying Device

• Processes audible sound waves

• Displays frequency spectrum on LCD

• “Real Time” Updates



System Modules



System Overview

Sound Wave Input

Analog-Digital Converter

Processing Unit

Display Results



Reasons for Implementation• Great Capstone Project

-Courses Used

-Circuit Design Skills

-Programming Skills

-Application of Theory



Business

“Why would we want to buy this?”



Frequency Spectrum Analysis• Purpose

– Measuring Sound Levels– Calibrating instruments

• Specialized market– Musicians and Performers– Event Coordinators– Sound Technicians– Consumer Hobbyists



Business Potentials• Competition

– High Frequency– Low Frequency– Add-on Frequency

• Final Distribution Channel– Direct Online Sales

• Cost Reduction– Brick and mortar associated costs– End distributor costs



Hardware Components

“Did you turn it off and on again?”



Hardware DesignSound Wave Input

Amplifier

Select Input

Switch

Microphone

Analog-Digital Converter

Line-In

Amplifier



Microphone Circuit• Panasonic Electret Microphone (20hz-

20khz range)– Relatively Cheap– Acceptable Response Bandwidth– Easy to Use

• Non-inverting Amplifier (gain of 22)



Line-in Circuit• Universal Standard output from electronic

audio devices

• Jack voltage output of -1V to 1V

• Non-inverting Amplifier (gain 2.5V)



Analog to Digital Converter Circuit• Analog Devices AD974 ADC

– Fast Sampling Rate (200ksps)

– 16 Bit Precision

– DIP Packaging

– SPI interface

– Free



Serial Peripheral Interface Connections

ADC

Voltage from amplifier

SerialClock

SerialData

Read/ConversionClock

Slave Select

MC9328MX1Development

Board

SPI Interface



MC9328MX1 Development Board

• ARM920T 200Mhz Processor

• QVGA Display

• SPI Expansion Port

• USB / Serial Connections

• Obtained from Lucky



Software Components

“Why does Microsoft do this?!”



Operating System Choices• No Operating System (MetroTRK)

– Assembly Language– Difficulty in displaying graphics

• Linux– Open Source SPI Driver Code– Difficulty obtaining development tools– Lack of experience

• Windows– Existing Libraries for GUI Development– Driver Development Functions– Ease of Code Transfer onto MX1



Integrated Development Environments

• IDE to create custom Operating System (Platform Builder)

• IDE to create application on Windows CE 4.2 .Net (Embedded Visual C++)



Application Algorithm

Sample Data From Driver

Process Data (FFT Algorithm)

Average Values

Display Results

Initialize Display Window

Continuous or SnapShot Mode?

Continuous

Mode

Sample Data From Driver

Process Data (FFT Algorithm)

Display Results

Stop Data Collection

User Input (Menu Item Selection)

Snapshot Mode

Stop is Pressed?

Stop Data Collection

Yes

No



OS and Driver Accessing

OperatingSystemLevel

DriverSPI Input

ApplicationLevel

Reading from Driver

Request

Data



Driver

• Stream Driver– Simplicity (reading only)– Easy Interface with application– Direct access to hardware– Meant for streaming data processes

• Application access of driver– Createfile, Openfile, ReadFile, CloseFile



GUI• Main processes constantly checking for

messages running

• Custom Message handling– WM_PAINT– WM_TIMER

• Displaying new bars requires update of display



Sound Processing

Perform FFT

Calculate Power

Average Power Values

Fill Circular Buffer

Digitized Sound Data Array

Time Average of Power Bar Results



Fourier Transform• Decomposition into

Sinusoidal Components for Different Frequencies– X(k) = Frequency

Coefficient– x(n) = Time data– N = Total Input Points

1

0

1

0

2

/2

1

0

2cos)(

2sin)()(

2sin)(

2cos)()(

:

:

10,)()(

N

nIRI

N

nIRR

kN

NkN

kN

Nk

N

NjknN

N

n

knN

N

knnx

N

knnxkX

N

knnx

N

knnxkX

WWpropertyyPeriodicit

WWpropertySymmetry

eWwhere

NkWnxkX



Fast Fourier Transform (FFT)• Algorithm

– Radix-2 (butterfly)

• Options– FFTW, Frequency Analyzers

• Limitation – No Floating Point Unit

• Solution– User integers in lieu of double or floats



Integer FFT• Outdated (written in 1989)

• Uses Short Integers (16 bits)

• Lookup Tables for Sine Values

• Calculates power from fft without using square roots

• Look Up table for Power in dB



SonoSense’s FFT• 1024 points algorithm

• Sampling Rate: 32 kHz

• Frequency Range: 0 Hz – 16 kHz

• Power Measurements in Decibel

• 20ms to Calculate Final power



Frequency Averaging• 512 Frequency Bins• Average Frequency Range for Each Bar• Frequency Distribution over the x-axis:

Bars 1-5 Bars 6-100 - 31.25 500 – 100031.25 – 62.5 1000 – 200062.5 – 125 2000 – 4000 125 – 250 4000 – 8000250 – 500 8000 – 16000



Time Averaging• Circular Buffer

• Disposal of Old Results

• Average of Last 8 Results– Smoother Display



Display• Change of Rectangle Heights Based on

Power Level

• Maximum Power Indicator

• Refresh Rate of 100ms



Project Issues

“Why did you do that?!”



Group Dynamics• Group Dynamics Issues

– Scheduling– Miscommunication

• No Group issues– In the Past Month– Together Everyday for the Past Month

• cohesive bond



Proposed vs. Actual BudgetModule Income

(Cdn)Proposed Costs

(Cdn)Actual Costs (Cdn)

ESSEF Fund $115

Input Module(microphone circuitry, line-in circuitry, switch circuitry)

$25 $30.22

ADC Module ( Interfacing Circuitry, Analog to Digital Conversion Circuitry)

$55 $62.00

Software Development Cost $40 $0

Processing Unit (ARM processor ( $20 per unit [7], onboard chip requirements (RAM/ROM))

$50 $0

Display Unit (LCD display[8]) $120 $0

Memory Unit ( SD Card) $30 $0

Power Module (Battery Requirement) $15 $0

Packaging $20 $4.52

Total $115 $355 $96.76

Difference between proposed / actual costs $258.24

Actual Under-Budget Amount $18.24



Actual Product CostModule Estimated Cost (Cdn)

Input Module(microphone circuitry, line-in circuitry, switch circuitry) $8.66

ADC Module ( Interfacing Circuitry, Analog to Digital Conversion Circuitry) $12.52

Software Development Cost $0

Processing Unit (ARM processor ( $20 per unit [7], onboard chip requirements(RAM/ROM))

$0

Display Unit (LCD display[8]) $0

Memory Unit ( SD Card) $0

Power Module (Battery Requirement) $0

Packaging $4.52

Sub-Total $25.70



Proposed Timeline



Actual Timeline

5/3/20071/19/2007

1/22/2007Proposal

2/19/2007Functional Specs

3/5/2007Design Specs

4/23/2007Software Implementation

4/24/2007Hardware Implementation

3/5/2007Design Specifications and Research

4/24/2007Integration and Testing

4/25/2007Demo Preparation

5/2/2007Post Mortem Completion



Internal Factors• Time Consuming OS Builds and Flashing Time• Longer Learning Curve

– Platform Builder– Embedded Visual C++

• Lack of Experience with Embedded Development

• Not knowing that ARM was lacking FPU Unit• Inefficient Time Management



External Factors• Delay in Obtaining BSP Image• Misleading Documentation• Lack of References in Driver Development• Difficulty in Obtaining Development Tools• Limited Support due to Outdated Operating

System• Inconsistent Results• Occasional Transfer Problems



Areas of Improvement• Reading Manuals Comprehensively

• Ordering Proper Packaged Types of Components

• Better Time Management– Allocating More Time for Integration– Planning Test Strategy



Future Plans• Optimize Display Algorithm• Package Hardware Components • Driver Modification for a different OS• Upgrading OS• Optimize software and Implement More

Features – Analysis of Saved Data– Record Input Sound in WAV format



Conclusion• True Capstone

– True Test of Theoretical and Practical Knowledge– Focus on Technical Side

• Feasible Project– Valuable Knowledge

• E.g. Stream driver on Windows CE OS

• Proof-of-Concept – Marketability to be Explored



Thank You…• Lucky One

• Freescale Technical Support

• Tom Roberts & Malcolm Slaney

• Steve Whitmore

• Fred Heep

• Analog Devices



Questions?“It’s finally over!”

Documents

SonoSense Technologies Inc. Handheld Spectrum Analyzer Sanaz Jahanbakhsh (CEO) Johnny Pak (COO) Naureen Sikder (Head of R&D) Kenneth Wong (CFO)