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Spider mites (tetranychidae: acarina) of the state ofceara, brazilD. M. Tuttle a , E. W. Baker b & F. M. Sales ca Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Arizona, Yuma Branch Stationb Systematic Entomology Laboratory, IIBIII, Agricultural Research Service, United StatesDepartment of Agriculture, Beltsville, Marylandc Sector of Entomology, Department of Fitotecnia, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza,BrazilPublished online: 17 Mar 2009.

To cite this article: D. M. Tuttle , E. W. Baker & F. M. Sales (1977) Spider mites (tetranychidae: acarina) of the state of ceara,brazil, International Journal of Acarology, 3:1, 1-8, DOI: 10.1080/01647957708683070

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Vol. 3, No.1 Intl. J. Acar . 1

SPIDER MITES (TETRANYCHIDAE: ACARINA) OF THE STATE OF CEARA, BRAZIL

D.M. Tutt le 1, E .W. Baker2and F . M . Sales 3

. . . . . ABSTRACT - Seventeen spec ies of sp ider m i t e s a re r ecorded f rom the State of Ceara , Braz i l . Two of these species a re descr ibed as n e w , Oligonychus (Pritchardinychus:)flechtmanni and Tetranychus(Tetranychus) b a s t o s i . - . . . .

Although Braz i l is the l a rges t of the South A m e r i c a n count r ies , s tudies of the Brazi l ian mite fauna a re recen t . Resul ts of these have been s u m m a r i z e d by F lech tmann and Baker(1975). The p resen t paper includes informat ion on the dis t r ibut ion of sp ider mi tes in the State of Ceara and descr ip t ions of two new spec ies . All col lect ions were made by D. M. Tutt le and F . M . Sales in 1972 unless indicated o therwise .

B r y o b i a p r a e t i o s a Koch

Bryobiapraetiosa Koch, 1836: 8; P r i t c h a r d and Baker , 1955: 26; F lech tmann and Baker , 1970:156; F lech tmann and Baker , 1975: 111.

A female and nymph of this spec ies were col lected as follows: Stylosanthesguianensis Swartz (vassourinha, penci l - f lower) , Cra to , August 7.

Tetranychina harti (Ewing)

Neophyllobiusharti Ewing, 1909: 405. Petrobiaharti , P r i t c h a r d and Baker , 1955: 45; F lech tmann and Baker , 1970: 156. Tetranychinaharti , Meyer , 1974: 132; F l ech tmann and Baker , 1975: 111.

Many spec imens were col lected on Oxalis sp. (trevo), For ta leza , August 1.

Atrichoproctus uncinatus Flech tmann

Atrichoproctus uncinatus Flech tmann , 1967: 39; F lech tmann and Baker , 1970: 157; F lech tmann and Baker , 1975: 116.

This spec ies has been col lected as follows: Caesalpinia pyramidalis Tul . (poinciana) , Paco t i , August 3; Cucurbita pepo L. (aboboreiro, pumpkin), Crato , August 7; Galipea sp. (guaribas), Cra to , August 7; and Mimosa: malacocentra Mart . (malicia de boi), Cra to , August 8.

Eotetranychus sp.

F e m a l e s and nymphs of this spec ies were collected as follows: Cydonia oblonga Mill. (= Pyruscydonia L . ) ( m a r m e l e i r o ) , C a r r a s c o , July 27; Mavhaeriumacutifolium V o g . ( c o r o c a o de nego), Santa Fe , August 7; and Malva roundifolia L. (malva), Ca r r a sco , July 27.

1. Agr icu l tu ra l Expe r imen t Station, Univers i ty of Ar izona, Yuma Branch Station. 2. Systematic Entomology Laboratory, IIBIII, Agricultural Research Service, United States

Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland. 3. Sector of Entomology, Department of Fitotecnia, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza,

Brazil.

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F i g s . l, 3: Mononychellus tanajoa (Bondar ) - 1, d o r s u m of f ema le ; 3, a edeagus ; F ig . 4: Oligonychus (Pritchardinychus)flechtmanni , n. sp . - aedeagus ; F ig . 5: Tetranychus ( Tetranychus ) b~ tos i , n . s p . - a e d e a g u s .

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Fig.2 : Mononychellus tanajoa (Bondar) - tarsus- t ib ia I (female); Fig.6: Tetranychus (Tetranychus) bastosi , n. sp. - ta rsus- t ib ia I (female).

Mononychellus planki (McGregor)

Tetranychusplanki McGregor, 1950: 300. Eotetranychusplanki , Pri tchard and Baker, 1955: 148. Mononychellusplanki , Wainstein, 1971: 589.

This species , common in the Caribbean region, has been collected in Ceara as follows: Brickellia sp. , Crato, August 7; Caesalpiniapyramidalis Tul. (poinciana), Pacoti , August 3; Cucumisanguria L. (maxixe, gherkin), Morada Nova, August 11; Cucurbitapepo L.(aboboreira , pumpkin), Crato, August 7; Cynodondactylon ( L . ) P e t s . (bermudagrass), Forta leza, July 30 ; Galipea sp. (guaribas), Cruto, August 7; Ricinuscommunis L. (mamoneiro castorbean), For ta- leza, August 1; Terminaliacatappa L. (chapeu-de sol), Fortaleza, July 31; and Waltheria americana L. ( W. indica L. ) (Malva branca), Fortaleza, August 6.

Mononychellus tanajoa (Bondar) (Figs. 1-3)

Tetranychustanajoa Bondar, 1938: 443. Mononychus tanajoa , Flechtmann and Baker, 1970: 160; Paschoal, 1970: 59; Flechtmaim

Bastos, 1975: 84; Flechtmann and Baker, 1975: 117. and

This species has been collected as follows: Cucurbita pepo L. (aboboreira, pumpkin) , Crato, August 7; Lycopersicumesculentum Mill. (tomateiro, tomato), Crato, August 7;

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Manihot dulcis (= M. utilissima (Jacq.) SW (chuchuzeiro , chayote), Mulungu, August 3.

Tut t le , Baker & Sales 1977

Pax. (macaxei ra , sweet cassava) , Fo r t a l eza , June 28; Manihotesculenta Crantz Pohl) (mandioqueiro, manioc , cassava) , Crato, August 7; and Sechium edule

Schizotetranychu$ eremophilus McGregor

McGregor , 1950:311; P r i t c h a r d and Baker , 1955: 251; Turtle Schizotetranychus eremophilus Baker , 1968: 95.

A nymph was col lected f rom the following host plant: Cynodon dactylon (be rmudagrass ) , Cra to , August 7.

Oligonychus (Oligonychus)peronis Pr i t cha rd & Baker

Oligonychusperonis P r i t c h a r d and Baker , 1955: 336.

This spec ie s was col lected f r o m the following plant: Caryocar coriaceum Santa Fe , Cra to , August 7.

(L.) Pers.

Oligonychus (Oligonychus) ununguis (Jacohi)

and

Wit tm. (piqui),

This spec ies has been col lec ted f rom the following plant: Eugenia insipid~ Cambess in S t .Hi l . (mur ta ) , Chap.do Ara r ipe , Cra to , August 7.

Oligonychus (Pritchardinychus) flechtmanni , new spec ies (Fig. 4)

This spec ie s is s imi l a r to Oligonychuspropetes P r i t c h a r d and Baker (1955) and dif fers only in the shape of the aedeagus .

FEMALE: - - Striae longitudinal on propodosoma and t r a n s v e r s e on hys te rosoma; do r sa l se tae shor t , r each ing to base of the next row. P e r i t r e m e s t ra ight , ending in d is ta l bulb. T a r s u s I with 3 tact i le se tae p rox imal to duplex setae; tibia I with 9 tact i le se tae and 1 solenidion. T e r m i n a l sens i l lum of palpus obvious, about one and one-hal f t imes as long as broad. Length of body 306 ~, including gnathosoma 370 ~.

MALE m Str iae and se tae s i m i l a r to those of f ema le . P e r i t r e m e s t ra igh t , ending in s imple bulb. T a r s u s I with 3 tac t i le se tae and 3 solenidia p rox imal to duplex setae; t ibia I with 9 tact i le se tae and 2 solenidla . T e r m i n a l sens i l lum of palpus rud imen ta ry . Aedeagus typical ly upturned with the pos t e r i o r p ro jec t ion decl ined ventra l ly ; neck s l ender , shaft shor t , head decl ined abrupt ly; d o r s u m of head sl ightly concave and with sharp an t e r i o r hook or pro jec t ion . Length of body 191/~, including gnathosoma 255 ~ .

HOLOTYPE - - M a l e , col lec ted f rom Mimosacaesalpiniaefolia Benth . (sabia) , Ipu, July 20. In the col lect ion at the Univers i ty of Sao Paulo, P i r ac i caba , Braz i l .

Tetranychusyothersi McGregor , 1914: 355. Oligonychusyothersi , Pr i t cha rd and Baker , 1955: 335; F lech tmann and Baker , 1970: 156.

Oligonychus (Oligonychus) yothersi (McGregor)

This spec ie s was col lected as follows: Cupressus lusitanica July 27.

Mill . (c ipres te) , Sobral ,

Tetranychus ununguis Jacobi, 1905: 239. Oligonychusununguis , P r i t c h a r d and Baker , 1955: 349; F l ech tmann and Baker , 1970: 157;Flecht-

mann and Baker , 1975: 118.

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P A R A T Y P E S - - Male and female with the same data as holotype. Other spec imens also were col lected on the s ame host . In the U. S. National Museum col lect ion.

This spec ies is named for Dr . Car los H.W. F lech tmann of the Univers i ty of Sao Paulo, P i r ac i caba , Sao Paulo , Braz i l , who has done so much for the study of acarology in that country.

Oligonychus (Reckiella) pratensis (Banks)

Tetranychuspratensis Banks, 1912: 97. Oligonychuspratensis , P r i t c h a r d and Baker , 1955: 349; Turt le and Baker , 1968: 122.

This spec ies has been col lected f rom the following plants: Cynodon dactylon (L.) P e r s . (be rmudagrass ) , Cra to , August 7 and Sorghum halepense (L.) P e t s . ( c a p i m - m a c a m b r a , Johnson g rass ) , Cra to , August 2.

Oligonychus ( Oligonychus ) sp.

Several unde te rmined females were col lected on the following plants: Cassia hoffmann - :seggii Mart.(flor de besouro), Chap.do Araripe Sahta, August 8; Euge, iainsipida Cambess.in St .Hi l . (mur t a ) , Chap .do Ara r ipe , August 7; and Machaeriumacutifolium Vog. (corocao de nego), Santa Fe , Crato , August 7.

Oligonychus ( Pritchardinychus ) sp.

These unde te rmined females were col lected as follows: Bauhinia variegata L. (bauinia orquidea , orchid t r ee ) , Ipu, July 28; Brickellia s p . , Ara r ipe , August 7; Caesalpiniapyramidalis T u l . , Pacot i , August 3; Clitoriacearensis Hub. (faveira, but ter f ly-pea) , A r a r i p e , August 5; Galipea sp. (guarihas) , Cra to , August 7; Leonotisnepetaefolia (L. ) R . B r . ( c o r d a o de f rade , l i ons -ea r ) , Santa Fe , August 7; Waltheriaamericana L. (= W. indica L.) (Malva branca) , F o r t a - leza, August 6; and Zizyphusjoazeiro , Sobral , July 25.

Tetranychus (Tetranychus) bastosi , new spec ies (Figs. 5, 6)

This mi te is re la ted to Tetranychus desertorum Banks in having the p rox imal tact i le se tae of t a r s u s I approximate ly on a line with the p rox imal duplex setae and the male aedeagus bends vent rad pos t e r io r ly . However, it d i f fers in that the p o s t e r i o r angulation of the aedeagus is not as abrupt ly bent ventrad as in desertorum .

F E M A L E - - T e r m i n a l sens i l lum of palpus s t rong, about 2 t i m e s as long as broad. Dorsa l body s t r iae of urticae pa t t e rn but lobes much t a l l e r than broad . T a r s i elongate; tact i le se tae of t a r s u s I sl ightly m o r e p rox imal to body than duplex setae; empodial spur minute; t ibia I with 9 tact i le se tae and 1 solenidion; solenidion of t a r s i I and II each long, s l ender . Length of body 466 /1, including gnathosoma 600/z; width 333 /~.

M A L E - - T e r m i n a l sens i l lum of palpus about two and one-haif t imes as long as wide ; empodium I clawlike, with la rge dorsa l spur ; o ther empodia with sma l l dorsa l spur , the r ays of the empodia f r ee , t a r s u s I long, s l ende r ; duplex se tae on line with proximal tac t i le setae; t ibia I with 9 tact i le se tae and 3 solenidia; solenidia of t a r s u s and t ibia long, s l ender . Aedeagus up- tu rned , with an t e r i o r hook on head and s t rongly downcurved pos t e r i o r angulat ion, the head being at an angle to shaft; neck slight bulging pos t e r io r ly . Length of body 267 /1, including gnathosoma 373 kt.

H O L O T Y P E - - Male, exMorusrubra L . , Crato , August 7. In the col lect ion at the Univers i ty of Sao Paulo , P i rac icaba , Braz i l .

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PARATYPES - - Male and female with same data as holotype. In the U. S. National Museum collection.

This mite was also collected as follows: Amaranthus viridis L. (amaranth), Itapage, July 28; Bidenspilosa L. (picao, Spanish-needles), Sobral, July 26; Hyptissuaveolens Poir (bam- burral), Itapage, July 28; Ipomoeabatatas (L . )Lam. (batata doce, sweet potato), Crato,August 7; Ipomoea glabra Choisy (jitirana), Baturite, August 8; Jatrophagosypypifolia L. (pampao), Crato, August 7; Malvarotundifolia L. (malva), Iraucuba, July 25; and Morusnigra L. (amora-preta), C rato, August 7.

This species is named for Jose A. M. Bastos of the University of Ceara, Fortaleza , Brazil, who has published on the spider mites in the State of Ceara.

Tetranychus (Tetranychus) cinnabarinus (Boisd.)

Acarus cinnabarinum B o i s d u v a l , 1867: 88 . Tetranychuscinnabarinus , Boudreaux, 1956: 43; Turtle and Baker, 1968: 129; Flechtmann

Baker, 1970: 161; Paschoal, 1970: 48; Flechtmann and Baker, 1975: 121. and

This species was collected in Ceara from the following: Annona muricata L. (graviola , soursop), Pentecoste, December 7; Annonasquamosa L. (ata, sugar-apple), Itapage, July 28; Sechiumedule (Jacq.) Swartz (chuchuzeiro, chayote), Mulungu, March 20, 1972 by L.W. Lima Verde; and Terminaliacatappa L. (chapeu-de-sol), Fortaleza, July 31.

Tetranychus (Tetranychus) evansi Baker & Pritchard

Tetranychusevansi Baker and Pri tchard, 1960: 540; Flechtmann and Baker, 1970: 162; Paschoal, 1970: 46; Flechtmann and Bastos, 1975: 84; Flechtmann and Baker,1975: 120.

This species was collected as follows: Anacardium occidentale L. (cajueiro, cashew) , Pacajus, July 20; Bixaorellana L. (urucum, anatto-tree), Crato, August 8; Capsicumfrutescens Willd. (pimenta malagueta, sweet pepper), Andrade, July 26; Convolvulusarvensisf L. (field bindweed), Fortaleza, July 20; Hibiscusesculentus L. (quiabeiro, okra), Maranquape, March 25; Lycopersicumesculentum Mill. (tomateiro, tomato), Sitio Andrade, July 26; Malvasylvestris L. (malva), Sobral, July 25; and Psidiumguajava L.(goiabeira, guava), Pacajus, August 2.

Tetranychus (Tetranychus) ludeni Zacher

Tetranychus ludeni Zacher, 1913: 40; Pritchard and Baker, 1955: 405; Flechtmaim and Baker, 1970: 162; Paschoal, 1970: 44; Flechtmann and Baker, 1975: 119.

This species was collected from numerous plants as follows: Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata L. (repolho, cabbage), Fortaleza, September 23; Cucurbitapepo L.(aboboreira,pump- kin), Crato, August 7; Cydonia oblonga Mill. (marmeleiro), Carrasco, July 27; Foeniculum vulgate Mill. (endro, fennel), Andrade, July 27; Gelipea sp. (guaribas), Araripe, August 7 ; Gossypiumhirsutum L. (=G. herbaceum L.)(algodoeiro, cotton), Morada Nova, August 11; Ipomoeabatatas (L.)(batata doce, sweet potato), Crato, August 7; Leonotisnepetaefolia (L.) R. Br. (cordao de frade, l ions-ear), Crato, August 7; Petroselinumcrispum (Mill.) Nym. (salsa, parsley), Itapage, July 28; Phaseolusvulgaris L. (feijoeiro, bean), Crato, August 7; Solanumpaniculantum L. (jurubeba), Crato, August 7; and Stylosanthesguianesis Swartz (vassourinha, pencil-flower), Crato, August 7.

Tetranychus (Tetranychus) neocaledonicus Andre

Tetranychusneocaledonicus Andre, 1933: 302; Pritchard and Baker, 1955: 430; Flechtmann and Baker, 1970: 162; Flechtmann and Bastos, 1975: 86.

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This species was collected on the following host plants: Brickellia sp., Crato, August 7; Galipea sp.(guaribas), Araripe, August 7; Caricapapaya L. (mamoeiro, papaya), Fortaleza, December 5; Convolvulusarvensis, L. (field bindweed), Fortaleza, July 20; Convolvulus sp. (flor da noitre), Ipu, July 27; Cucurbitapepo L. (aboboreiro, pumpkin), Crato, August 7; Gossypiumhirsutum L. (algodoeiro, cotton), Fortaleza, October 15, 1970; Itapage, July 11 & 16; Aquira, 3 July; Morada Nova, August 11; Ipu, July 27; Itapage, July 20, Cyperusrotundus L. (tiririca, nutgrass), Pacajus, August 2; Malvaroundifolia L.(malva), Carrasco, July 27; Mimosamalaconcentra Mart. (malicia de boi), Crato, August 8; Manihotesculenta Crantz (= M. utilissima Pohl)(mandioca, manioc, cassava), Crato, August 7; Phaseolusvulgaris L. (feijoeiro, bean), Pacajus, July 16, August 2 and 8; Crato, Crato, August 7, Psidiumguajava L. (goiabeira, guava), Pacajus, August 2; Quixada, August 2, and Sorghum vulgare Pers . (capim- macambra, sorghum), Morada Nova, August 12.

Tetranychus (Tetranychus) urticae Koch

Tetranychusurticae Koch, 1836: 10; Boudreaux and Dosse, 1963: 363; Tuttle and Baker, 1968: 129; Flechtmann and Baker, 1970: 161; Paschoal, 1970: 49; Flechtmann and Bastos, 1975: 86; Flechtmann and Baker, 1975: 120.

This species was found on the following plants: Campsis radicans (L.)Seem. (= Tecoma radicans Juss.) (trumpetcreeper), Pentecoste, August 8; Gossypiumhirsutum L.(algodoeiro, cotton), Itapage, July 16; Manihotesculenta Crantz (= M. utilissima Pohl) (mandioca, cassava, manioc), Ipu, July 17; and Waltheriaamericana L. (=W. indica L.) (Malva branca),Fortaleza, August 6.

Tetranychus (Tetranychus) sp.

Only the females were collected as follows: dOtrussinensis (L.) Osbeck (laranja-doce, orange), Morada Nova, August 11; Cucurbita sp, Hidrolandria, July 28; Zizyphusjoazeiro Mart. (juazeiro), Sobral, July 25.

Tetranychus ( Polynychus ) sp.

The females were collected on Helianthusannuus L. (girassol, sunflower), Mulungu, August 3.

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