Spokane Smart Justice Symposium Kevin Camp CDP, CCDC III, NCACI 1

Spokane Smart Justice Symposium

Kevin Camp CDP, CCDC III, NCACI

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Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

Rational Emotive Behavioral TherapyMoral Reconation Therapy (MRT)Uses:

Treating anti-social personality disorders 2

Moral Reconation Therapy

MRT® Focuses On Eight Treatment Issues:

1.Confrontation of beliefs & behaviors2.Assessment of current relationships3.Reinforcement of positive behavior4.Positive identity formation5.Enhancement of self-concept6.Decrease in pleasure-seeking7.Development of frustration tolerance8.Higher stages of moral reasoning

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MRT® Treatment Programs

1.MRT® includes a number of cognitive-behavioral treatments, including: Substance abuse2.Relapse prevention3.DWI/DUI offenses4.Criminal thinking5.Domestic violence6.Juvenile Programs7.Anger Management8.Relapse Prevention9.Job Readiness10.Family Support11.Life Skills12.Parenting 4

Benefits of MRT-based ProgrammingoMRT is easy to implement.oMRT is designed and developed to target issues specific to an offender population.oMRT is designed to address issues of a treatment resistant population.oMRT has shown to reduce the recidivism rate of offenders by between 30% and 50% for periods up to 20 years after release.oMRT improves offender compliance to rules in an institution or while under supervision in the community.oMRT is delivered in open-ended groups, which allows for maximizing resources.oMRT easily meshes and blends with other types of programming including self-help groups, education, counseling and behaviorally oriented programs.oMRT will increase offenders’ moral reasoning, decrease dropout rates, increase sense of purpose and reduce antisocial thinking and behavior.oWhen implemented in a variety of criminal justice settings, MRT provides a continuum of care.oThe cost of implementing MRT saves $11.48 for every dollar spent

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Rational-EmotiveBehavioral Therapy

(REBT)

Frustrated with the inefficiency of psychoanalysis, Albert Ellis, Ph.D. based his therapeutic approach on the philosophy of Epictetus, who believed that people are influenced by their perceptions.

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(REBT)

Ellis believed that thoughts fall along a continuum from rationality to irrationality. For him, emotional problems are rooted in irrational demands that people place on themselves.

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(REBT)

What are examples of irrational “demands” or thoughts ?

must = I must be liked by others.should = People should be nice.ought = I ought to perform well.

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ABCD Model of REBT

A = activating event (what happened; could be an event, a thought or an image)B = belief (s) about the eventC = consequence (emotional and/or behavioral response)D = dispute (of the belief)

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ABCD Model of REBTKey Construct

The activating event does not cause the consequence. Rather, it is one’s beliefs about the activating event which produce one’s emotional and/or behavioral response to it.

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ABCD Model of REBTKey Construct

The goal of REBT is to break the cycle of irrationality by disputing the person’s beliefs with rational thoughts, leading to healthier emotional and/or behavioral consequences.

13Excerpted from Ellis, A. (2007). Emotional disturbance and its treatment in a nutshell. Retrieved November 8, 2010, from http://www.rebt.org/professional/download-rebt-cbt-pamphlets.html

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Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

Aaron Beck, M.D. moved away from psychoanalysis because its effectiveness could not be demonstrated in experimental studies. Beck sought a scientific approach to psychotherapy.

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Beck applied an information-processing model to emotional disturbance and asserted that cognitions (thoughts), emotions, behaviors, and physiological responses all interact together.

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For Beck, cognitions affect emotions and actions; emotions affect actions and cognitions; actions affect cognitions and emotions. This cycle is circular and self-reinforcing.

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Beck’s experiments revealed patterns of thinking, which he called “automatic thoughts”, “distorted thinking”, “faulty assumptions”, and “cognitive schemata”.

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Beck classified 11 types of cognitive distortions. More importantly, Beck’s work gave rise to evidence-based psychotherapy.

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What is “evidence-based” psychotherapy? Scientifically, it means that psychological theories are supported by experimental data (e.g., evidence). In CBT, it has dual meanings.

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1. CBT therapists ask clients to test their cognitive distortions by collecting data about their thoughts and to identify the evidence which contradicts their distorted thinking patterns.

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2. Experimental studies of clients treated in CBT demonstrate the validity of cognitive distortions as a concept and the reliability of treating clients by disputing the distortions with data (evidence).

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Beck’s scientific approach to psychotherapy was revolutionary in the mid-20th century. Studies of CBT continue to demonstrate its efficacy in treating a range of psychological disorders.

ReferencesBeck, A.T., Rush, A.J., Shaw, B.F. & Emery, G. (1979). Cognitive therapy of depression. New York: Guilford Press.

Burns, D.D. (1980). Feeling good: The new mood therapy. New York: William Morrow and Company, Inc.

Ellis, A. (2007). Emotional disturbance and its treatment in a nutshell. Retrieved November 8, 2010, from http://www.rebt.org/professional/download-rebt-cbt-pamphlets.html

Padesky, C.A., & Beck, A.T. (2003). Science and philosophy: Comparison of cognitive therapy and rational emotive behavior therapy. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy: An International Quarterly, Vol 17(3), 211-224. New York: Springer Publishing. Retrieved November 5, 2010, from http://www.padesky.com/clinicalcorner/pubs.htm. 24

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Documents

Spokane Smart Justice Symposium Kevin Camp CDP, CCDC III, NCACI 1