Sprain / Sprain / StrainStrain

Josipa KaramarkoMentor: A. Žmegač Horvat

SPRAIN

stretch and/or tear of a ligament caused by a sudden pull

one or more ligaments can be injured at the same time

severity of injury —› extent of injury and

number of ligaments involved

STRAIN

injury to either a muscle or a tendon as a result of suddenlly pulling them too far

simple overstretch of muscle or tendon, or result of a partial or complete tear

What Causes a Sprain? What Causes a Sprain?

fallsudden twistblow to the body that

forces a joint out of its normal position and stretches or tears the ligament supporting that joint

Where Do Sprains Usually Where Do Sprains Usually Occur? Occur?

most common site: the ankle

frequently occur at the wrist

sprain to the thumb common in skiing and other sports

What Are the Signs What Are the Signs and Symptoms of a and Symptoms of a Sprain?Sprain?

painswellingbruisinginstabilityloss of functional

abilitysometimes a pop or

tear when the injury happens

What Causes a Strain?What Causes a Strain?

twisting or pulling a muscle or tendon

acute or chronic —› recent trauma

or result of overuse

Where Do Strains Usually Occur?Where Do Strains Usually Occur?

two common sites: the back and the hamstring muscle

hand and forearm, elbow

What Are the Signs and Symptoms What Are the Signs and Symptoms of a Strain?of a Strain?typical—›pain, limited

motion, muscle spasms, possibly muscle weakness

localized swelling, cramping, or inflammation and, with a minor or moderate strain, usually some loss of muscle function

How Are Sprains How Are Sprains and Strains and Strains

Treated?Treated?

RICE Therapy

Rest

Ice

Compression

Elevation

Can Sprains and Strains Be Can Sprains and Strains Be Prevented?Prevented?

Avoid exercising or playing sports when tired or in pain.

Maintain a healthy, well-balanced diet to keep muscles strong.

Maintain a healthy weight.Practice safety measures to help

prevent falls.Wear shoes that fit properly.Replace athletic shoes as soon as

the tread wears out or the heel wears down on one side.

Do stretching exercises daily.

Be in proper physical condition to play a sport.

Warm up and stretch before participating in any sports or exercise.

Wear protective equipment when playing.

Run on even surfaces.

References :References :

sportsmedicine.about.comhon.nucleusinc.comorthopedics.about.comorthoinfo.aaos.comacupuncture.comphysicaltherapy.about.com

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!