STATISTICS OF JEWS - AJC Archives...STATISTICS OF JEWS BY H. S. LINFIELD, PH.D. Director, Statistical Department of the American Jewish Committee INTRODUCTORY NOTE The present article

S T A T I S T I C S O F J E W S

BY H. S. LINFIELD, P H . D .Director, Statistical Department

of theAmerican Jewish Committee

INTRODUCTORY NOTE

The present article on Statistics of Jews, like those informer years, deals with Jewish population statistics andJewish immigration statistics. Statistics of the Jews in theUnited States are given in detail, chiefly on the basis ofthe writer's study published in 19291; and those of otherparts of the world are given by continents, regions andcountries. The pages dealing with Jewish immigrationinclude statistics of Jewish immigration to the UnitedStates, Palestine, Canada, Brazil, Argentine; and for thefirst time figures are presented for Jewish immigration to theUnion of South Africa, and the number of Jews that immi-grated to Cuba is likewise given.

On page 255 the reader will find a list giving the number ofJews of each country in the world, arranged in alphabeticalorder of country; on pages 248-249, a list of cities in theUnited States having 1000 Jews or more, and on page 256a list of principal Jewish communities of the world.

1 H. S. Linfield, The Jews in the United Stales, A Study of Their Number and Distribu-tion, American Jewish Committee, New York, 1929.

241

242 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

LIST OF TABLES

A. The Jews of the United States

TABLE PAGE

I: JEWS OF THE UNITED STATES, BY STATES 245II : JEWISH COMMUNITIES AND THEIR JEWISH POPULATION,

BY SIZE OF PLACES 246III : PRINCIPAL JEWISH COMMUNITIES AND THEIR SUBORDI-

NATE COMMUNITIES, BY SIZE OF JEWISH COMMUNITIES 246IV: JEWS OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK, BY BOROUGHS . . .247V: JEWS OF THE UNITED STATES, 1877-1927 247

VI: LIST OF CITIES IN THE UNITED STATES, HAVING 1,000JEWS OR MORE 248

B. The Jewish Population of the World

VII: JEWS OF AMERICA, BY GEOGRAPHICAL DIVISIONS ANDCOUNTRIES 251

VIII: JEWS OF EUROPE, BY GEOGRAPHICAL DIVISIONS ANDCOUNTRIES 252

IX: JEWS OF AFRICA, BY GEOGRAPHICAL DIVISIONS ANDCOUNTRIES 253

X: JEWS OF ASIA, BY GEOGRAPHICAL DIVISIONS ANDCOUNTRIES 254

XI: JEWS OF AUSTRALASIA, BY COUNTRIES 254XII : LIST OF COUNTRIES AND THEIR JEWISH POPULATIONS .255

XIII : LIST OF IMPORTANT CITIES AND THEIR JEWISH POPU-LATION 256

C. Jewish Immigration to the United States

XIV: JEWISH IMMIGRANTS ADMITTED, DEPARTED, DEBARRED,AND DEPORTED, 1931 260

XV: JEWISH IMMIGRANTS ADMITTED, BY SEX, AGE, CONJU-GAL CONDITION, ETC., 1931 260

XVI: DESTINATIONS OF JEWISH IMMIGRANTS, BY STATE,1931 261

XVII: PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES OF LAST RESIDENCE OF JEWISHIMMIGRANTS, 1931 261

XVIII: SUMMARY OF JEWISH IMMIGRATION TO THE UNITEDSTATES, 1881-1931 262

XIX: SUMMARY OF JEWISH IMMIGRATION TO THE UNITEDSTATES, 1908-1931 263

XX: JEWISH IMMIGRANTS DEBARRED AND DEPORTED, 1899—1931 264

STATISTICS OF JEWS 243

D. Jewish Immigration to Other American CountriesTABLE PAGB

XXI: JEWISH IMMIGRATION TO CANADA, 1931 267XXII: SUMMARY OF JEWISH IMMIGRATION TO CANADA, 1901-

1931 268XXIII : SUMMARY OF JEWISH IMMIGRATION TO BRAZIL, 1925—

1930 268XXIV: SUMMARY OF JEWISH IMMIGRATION TO URUGUAY, 1927—

1930 269XXV: SUMMARY OF JEWISH IMMIGRATION TO ARGENTINE, 1913-

1930 269E. Jewish Immigration to Palestine

XXVI: JEWISH IMMIGRATION TO PALESTINE, 1930-1931 . . . .272XXVII: JEWISH IMMIGRATION TO PALESTINE, BY MONTHS, 1931.272

XXVIII: JEWISH IMMIGRATION TO PALESTINE, BY CATEGORIES,1931 273

XXIX: SUMMARY OF JEWISH IMMIGRATION TO PALESTINE, 1917—1931 275


A. THE JEWS OF THE UNITED STATES

A total of 4,228,000 Jews reside in the United Statesaccording to the estimates prepared at the end of 1927.1 TheJewish inhabitants live in every state of the Union and arewidely distributed, within the states. Of the total numberof Jews, 4,077,000 live in 871 primary communities, eachone having 1 congregation or more, and the remaining151,000 Jews reside in places without forming permanentcongregations. These subordinate communities are foundin as many as 1,691 urban places and in 7,235 rural incor-porated places and rural unincorporated districts. Of the871 primary communities, 85 are rural.

The proportion of Jews to the total population variesbetween 16.67% in the state of New York and 0.21% inthe state of Idaho. As for the communities, the Jews con-stitute 11.11% of the total population of the cities of 100,000or over in the country; 3.11% of the total population of thecities of 100,000 to 25,000; and between 1.61% and 0.71%of the total population of the other classes of urban places;and the percentage of Jews of the total rural population isvery small, being 0.48% of those in rural incorporated and0.15% of those in rural unincorporated places. However,in the 3950 rural incorporated places having Jews, the latterconstitute 1.37% of the total population of those places and1.76% of the total population of the unincorporated areashaving Jews.

The number of Jews in the Outlying Possessions of theUnited States is very small.2

In 1917, the number of Jews in the country was estimatedat 3,389,000, and in 1877, at 229,000. The earliest esti-mate of the number of Jews in the country is said to be thatof Mordecai M. Noah in 1818, who claimed that there wereat that time 3,000 Jews in the country. In 1848, M. A.Berk estimated the number of Jews as 50,000.

i For a detailed analysis, see the author's The Jews in the United Stales, 1927, NewYork. 1929.1 500 in Alaska (1917), 75 in Hawaii (1926); 25 in Panama Canal Zone (1926);500 in Philippine Islands (1927); 200 in Porto Rico (1917), and 70 in Virgin Islands(1923).

STATISTICS OF JEWS

TABLE I

THE JEWS OF THE UNITED STATES, BY STATES

245

State

UNITED STATES

Florida

Idaho

New YorkNorth CarolinaNorth DakotaOhio. . .OklahomaOregon. ..

Rhode IslandSouth CarolinaSouth DakotaTennessee. .TexasUtahVermont. . .Virginia . . . .

West Virginia

Total1930

122,775,046

2,646,248435,573

1,854,4825,677,2511,035,7911,606,903

238,380486,869

1,468,2112,908,506

445,0327,630,6543,238,5032,470,9391,880,9992,614,5892,101,593

797,4231,631,5264,249,6144,842,3252,563,9532,009,8213,629,367

537,6061,377,963

91,058465,293

4,041,334423,317

12,588,0663,170 276

680,8456,646,6972,396,040

953,7869,631,350

687,4971,738,765

692.8492,616,5565,824,715

507,847359,611

2,421,8511,563,3961,729,2052,939 006

225,565

Jews1927

4,228,029

12,8911 4558 850

123 28420,32191 538

5,31016,00013 40223 179

1 141345,980

27 24416,404

7,79219,53316,4328 480

70,871225 634

89 46243,197

6,42080,687

1,57814 209

2642,779

225,3061,052

1,903,8908 2522,749

173 9767 823

13 075404 979

25,0036 8511 584

22 53246 648

2 8572 036

25 65614,6987.471

35 9151,319

P. C. of Jewsof Totalin 1927

3.58

0.500.320.462.781.895.592.182.960.980.730.214.740.860.680.590.770.851.074.445.321.991.610.362.300.221.020.340.616.010.27

16.670 280.432.590.331.474.163.560.370.230.910.860.550.581.010.940.441 230.55

Distributionof Jews

100.00

.30

.03

.212.91

.482.16

.12

.38

.32

.55

.038.18

.64

.39

.18

.46

.39

.201.675.332.111.02

.151.910.37

.33

.01

.065.33

.0245.03

.20

.064.11

.18

.319.58

.60.16.03.53

1.10.06.05.60.35.17.85.03


TABLE II

JEWISH COMMUNITIES AND THEIR JEWISH POPULATION

BY SIZE OF PLACES, 1927

Urban places of 100,000 or overUrban places of 100,000—25,000Urban places of 25,000—10,000Urban places of 10,000—5,000Urban places of 5,000—2,500Rural Incorporated places of 2,500 or

lessRural Unincorporated Areas...

Numberof

placeshavingJews

68219433636

1,121

3,943-3,292

P. C. ofplaces

totalnumber

ofplaces

100.00100.0093.9388.2284.86

30.557.39

Numberof

Jews

3,553,600378,862111,74241,85532,370

43,51366,087

P. C. ofJews to

totalpopula-

tion

11.113.111.610.840.71

0.48 •0.15

P. C. ofJews to

totalpopula-tion ofplaceshavingJews

11.113.111.820.950.82

1.371.76

TABLE III

PRINCIPAL JEWISH COMMUNITIES AND THEIR SUBORDINATE

COMMUNITIES, BY SIZE OF JEWISH COMMUNITIES, 1927

United States

Principal CommunitiesSubordinate CommunitiesAverage Number of Subordinate

Communities for one PrincipalCommunity

Principal Urban CommunitiesPrincipal Rural Communities

500,000 Jews or over500,000—100,000100,000— 50,00050,000— 20,00020,000— 8,0008,000— 2,0002,000— 500

500— 100Less than 100 Jews

Number ofCommunities

9,712

8718,841

10

78685

128

123372

165330163

Numberof Jews

4,228,029

4,077,042150,987

4,058,36518,677

1,765,000595,000551,000282,800362,410265,810153,41072,55210,383

Distribution ofCommunities

100.00

9.0091.00

90.0010.00

1.001.001.001.003.008.00

19.0038.0018.00


TABLE IV

JEWS OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK, BY BOROUGHS1

Borough

BronxBrooklynManhattanQueensRichmond

Total

TotalPopulation

1930

1,266,7322,596,1541,856,5881,078,357

157,253

6,955,084

Jews 1927

420,000797,000465,000

75,8007,200

1,765,000'

Per Cent ofJews to total

in 1927

45.2835.0225.71

9.334.90

29.56

Distributionof Jews,

1927

23.8045.1526.354.29

.41

100.00

1 In 1917, the total number of Jews was estimated at 1,503,000, and in 1920, 1,643,012,distributed as follows: Bronx—211,000 in 1917 and 278,169 in 1920; Brooklyn—568,000in 1917 and 604,380 in 1920; Manhattan—696,000 in 1917 and 657,101 in 1920; Queens—23,000 in 1917 and 86,194 in 1920; Richmond—5,000 in 1917 and 17,168 in 1920;total—1,503,000 in 1917 and 1.643,012 in 1920.

TABLE V

JEWS OF THE UNITED STATES, 1877-1927

Year

1877..."

1897. . .

1907. . .

1917. . .

1927. . .

TotalPopulation

43,661,968

72,106,120

88,787.058

103,690,473

118,140,645

Jews

229,087

937.800

1,776,885

3,388,951

4,228,029

P. C.

0.52

1.31

2.

3.27

3.58

Increase

Inter-

20 yrs.

10 yrs.

10 yrs.

10 yrs.

Total

Number

28,444,152

16,680,938

14,853,415

14,500,172

P. C.

65.15

23.13

16.73

13.99

Jews

Number

708,713

839,085

1,612,066

839,078

P. C.

309.36

89.47

VO.72

24.76


TABLE VIA LIST OF CITIES IN THE UNITED STATES HAVING 1,000 JEWS OR MORE

City

Akron, OhioAlbany, N . YAllentown, PaAltoona, PaAsbury Park, N. J...Atlanta, GaAtlantic City, N. J.. .

Baltimore, MdBangor, MaineBayonne, N. JBeaumont, Texas. . .Bethlehem, PaBeverly, MassBinghamton, N. Y...Birmingham, Ala.. . .Bloomfield, N. JBoston, MassBraddock, PaBridgeport, Conn....Brockton, MassBrookline, MassBuffalo, N. Y

Cambridge, MassCamden, N. J.Canton, OhioCharleston, S. CCharleston, W. Va...Chattanooga, Tenn..Chelsea, Mass.Chester, Pa.. .Chicago, 111Cincinnati, O h i o . . . .Cleveland, OhioCleveland Heiehts

OhioColumbus, Ohio

Dallas, TexasDayton, OhioDenver, ColoDes Moines, Iowa...Detroit, MichDuluth, MinnEast Orange, N. J . . .Easton, PaEast St. Louis, 111....Elizabeth, N. JElmira, N. YEl Paso, TexasErie, PaEvansville. IndEverett, Mass

Fall River, Mass.. . .Fallsburg town, N.Y.Flint, MichFort Wayne, Ind.. . .Fort Worth. Texas . .

TotalPopula-

tion 1930

255,040127,41292,05281,50314,981

353,7221'65,748

804,87428,70185,82257,48358,25724,98576,601

257,65737,245

781,18819,301

147,20663,69547,437

572,217

113,650117,172105,52462,12360,411

119,53944,82758,350

3,376,438449,331901.482

50,123289,056

260.397200,225287,644142.469

1,568,662101,23167,34434,38274,024

114,55147,381

101,975115,875103,15140,120

114,3484,716

156,422115,121160,892

Jews'

7,5009,0001,9601,600s

1,500*12,000'12,160

68,0001,500

12,1501.15052

1,5001,0002,5004.5002

1,40090,000»

2,00013,0004,00010,000'

20,000

5,200 s

7,7003,800'2,500'1,250'3,385

20.000 s

2,500*3O5,OO0i«

23.5OC6

85,000

8.00023

8,500

8.OOO2

4,90017,0004.5002

75,000 '4.0001

2,0001,5002,7509,500 '1600*2,4001.5862

1,8002,350"

5,5001,0601,1001,8002,100

City

Galveston, TexasGary, IndGloversville, N. Y. . .Grand Rapids, Mich.

Hammond, IndHarrisburg, PaHartford, ConnHaverhill, MassHazleton, PaHighland Park,

Mich.Hoboken, N. JHolyoke, MassHomestead, PaHouston, TexasHuntington, W. Va..

Indianapolis, Ind . . . .Irvington, N. J

Jacksonville, FlaJersey City, N. J.. . .Johnstown. Pa

Kansas City, Kans...Kansas City, Mo.. . .Kingston, N . Y

Lancaster, PaLawrence, MassLincoln, NebrLinden, N. JLittle Rock, ArkLong Beach, Calif.. .Long Branch, N. J...Los Angeles, Calif.. .Louisville, KyLowell, MassLynbrook, N. YLynn, Mass

McKeesport, PaMadison, WisMaiden, MassMemphis, TennMeriden, ConnMiami, FlaMilwaukee, WisMinneapolis, Minn...Montgomery, Ala... .Monticello, N. YMount Vernon, N. Y.

Nashville, TennNew Bedford. Mass..New Britain, Conn...New Brunswick, N.J.New Haven. Conn...

TotalPopula-

tion 1930

51,939100,42622,842

168,234

64,56080,284

161,22448,68739,078

52,81756,52356,55520,141

289,43875,575

362,52756,110

129,682316,91466,886

122,327399,746

28.186

60,59684,94975,91921,11181,624

141,39018,399

1,238,048307,808100,050•11,971102,327

54,44357,81558,483

252,04938,452

110,025578,249462,611

65,8013,447

60,869

153,866112,80467,84334,273

162,650

Jews*

1,100'2.500»1,5001,780

1,250s

5,00027,000

3,3851,000

1,7652,780l,200<1,100

15,000s

l,200 !

10,0002,000'

3,700'20,000*

1,000

2,50022,000

1,750

1,750s

3,7751,0501,8001,150*1,7503,000

75,OOOJ

10,000'2,7001,0009.000

5,0001,000

12,000311,000*1,7503,000*

25,00022,000

1,250'1,200

10,000'

3.0O03

3,9703,0006,500"

25,OOO3

* Unless otherwise indicated, the figure for the number of Jews is as of the end of1927.


TABLE VI (Cont.)

City

New London, Conn..New Orleans, LaNewRochelle, N. Y..New York, N. YNewark, N. JNewburgh, N. Y. . . .Newport News, Va. . .Newton, MassNiagara Falls, N. Y..Norfolk, VaNorwalk, ConnNorwich, Conn

Oak Park Village, 111.Oakland, CalOklahoma City, Okla.Dmaha, NebOrange, N. J

Pasadena, CalPassaic, N. JPaterson, N. JPeabody, MassPeekskill, N. YPeoria, 111Perth Amboy, N. J . .Philadelphia, PaPittsburgh, PaPittsfield, MassPlainfield, N. JPortland, MePortland, OrePortsmouth, VaPoughkeepsie, N. Y..Providence, R. I

Quincy, Mass

Reading, PaRevere, MassRichmond, VaRochester, N. YRock Island, 111

Sacramento, CalSt. Joseph, MoSt. Louis, Mo

TotalPopula-

tion 1930

27,827455,792

54,0556,930,446

439,50631,24034,28546,05475,306

127,80835,96123,021

63,819284,213182,845214,17534,958

75,87563,108

138,26721,24417,125

104.78S43,953

1,950,961669,817

49,57834,40570,452

301,81545,35340,123

251,029

71,965

110,28935,680

182,883325,019

39,245

93,68579,226

821,960

Jews

2.0004

9,0005.5OO2

1,765,00065,000

2,50031,7501,300s

1,0006,500'2,0001.6502

1,6006,000s

1.5OO3

11,000s

1,000

1,4009.000

22,3001,4001,0001,5005.5003

270,000"53.00018

2,1002,100»3,500

11.0001

2,1801,850

21,000

1,650

2,5008,0008,000'°

33,000'1,675

1,1003,500

50,000

City

St. Paul, MinnSalem, MassSalt Lake City, UtahSan Antonio, Texas..San Diego, CalSan Francisco, Cal...Savannah, GaSchenectady, N. Y...Scranton, PaSeattle, WashShreveport, LaSioux City, Iowa....Somerville, Mass.. . .South Bend, IndSouth Orange, N. J..Spokane, WashSpringfield, Mass....Stamford, ConnStockton, CalSuperior, WisSyracuse, N. Y

Tacoma, WashTerre Haute, IndToledo, OhioTrenton, N. JTroy, N. YTulsa, Okla

Union, N. JUniontown, PaUtica, N. Y

Waco, TexasWashington, D. C...Waterbury, Conn....Waukegan, 111West New York.N.J.White Plains, N. Y..Wilkes-Barre, PaWilmington, DelWinthrop, MassWoodbine, N. JWorcester, Mass

Yonkers, N. YYoungstown, Ohio...

TotalPopula-

tion 1930

270,88343,287

140,058231,542147,897634,394

87,71495,692

143,428363,134

76,65979,031

103.604103,694

13,729115,514149,86146,34647,69036,087

207,007

106,83762,543

290,787122,610

72,350141,281

58,65919,368

102,633

52,825485,71699,90233,43436,94135,60486,507

104,94116,9682,164

196,395

135,123170,004

Jews

13,5002,4002,0006,000'2,500'

38,0003,8003,800'9,000"

12,000'2,20033,1502,500s

3,0001,0001,5003

12,1005,6001,1501,050

14,000

1,0001,000

12,000'11,000"2,5002,000<

4,000"1,1005.2003

1,50016,0005,3001,0002,4101,7005,5005,000«2,450s

1,100'13,000"

8,000'8,500'

' 1929, local est. * 1930, local est. ' 1931, local est. * 1932, local est.« 5,000 in 1930, local est. • 18,000 in 1931, local est. ' 7.500 in 1930, Jewish

Welfare Board. 8 Bureau of Jewish Social Research: Boston, 85,000 in 1930!Cambridge, 4000 in 1930; Chelsea, 16,600 in 1930; Omaha, 10,000 in 1929; Somerville,2,000 in 1930; Wilmington, 4,000 in 1928. » 1,200 in 1929, Bureau of Jewish SocialResearch; 500 Jews in North Plainfield, in 1930 .loc. est. 10 6,500 in 1930, local est." 7,500 in 1929, Jewish Welfare Board and Bureau of Jewish Social Research; 10,000in 1930, local est. « 3,200 in 1928, Jewish Welfare Board. ' " 14.000 in 1930, localest.; 9,500 in 1930. Bureau of Jewish Social Research. » 1930 local census, undersupervision of Rabbi Dr. Henry Cohen. » Greater Atlanta; 266,557 in Atlantaborough. "> 1931, est. of the Jewish Charities of Chicago. " 1927, Jewish WelfareBoard. '» 45,000 in 1931, local est. '» 8,000 in 1929, local est. !» 70 650 in1929, loc. est. !I 235,000 in 1930, est. of the Asso. Talmud Torahs. » 900 in 1932est. of the Asso. Talmud Torahs. a 5,100 in 1932, est. of the Asso. Talmud Torahs.


B. JEWISH POPULATION OF THE WORLD

The total number of Jews in the world is here estimatedat 15,200,000. Of that number, 7,600,000 reside in a groupof adjacent countries located in the center of the continentof Europe, which region may be designated as the "Jewish"Central Europe. This region includes Poland, Danzig,Lithuania, Latvia; Austria, Czecho-Slovakia, Hungary;Roumania, Russia (Crimea, Ukraine, and White Russia).In this region the Jews constitute nearly 6% of the total pop-ulation. Over 4,380,000 live in North America and the WestIndies, where the Jews constitute nearly 3% of the totalpopulation. 325,000 Jews live in Palestine and the surround-ing countries of Arabia, Iraq, and Syria, constituting over2% of the total population of that region. Over 400,000Jews reside in the Arab-speaking countries of North Africa,namely, Tangiers, Morocco, Algeria, Tunis, Libya, andEgypt; in this region the Jews form nearly 1.5% of the totalpopulation. In addition to these regions, the proportionof Jews to the total population is considerable in Nether-lands (2%) and in the southeastern portion of Europe,namely, Greece and European Turkey (1.74%); in thesouthernmost country of the continent of Africa, namely,the Union of South Africa, where the Jews constitute nearly1% of the total population and over 4% of the white popu-lation in that country; and in the southernmost country ofthe American continent, namely, Argentine, where theJews constitute nearly 2% of the total.

In all other regions the Jews constitute less than 1% ofthe total population. Of the latter, over 1,500,000 residein western and southern Europe; nearly 200,000, in northernand eastern Europe (Russia and the Baltic countries); andnearly 25,000 reside in Australia and New Zealand, constitu-ting a little over 0.5% among the European peoples in Eur-ope and nearly 0.33% among the white countries of Australia.Nearly 225,000 Jews reside among the peoples of Asia Minor,and central and northern Asia; and only about 125,000Jews reside among the peoples of eastern and southern Asia


(Japan, China, India and Indo-China, in Central Africa,Oceania, and Central and Southern America, exclusive ofthe Argentine Republic; and the proportion of Jews to non-Jews in those countries is very small. There are 50,000Falashas, it is claimed, in Abyssinia.

Of the total number of 15,192,218 Jew6 in the world,9,418,248 reside in Europe, 538,609 in Africa, 585,791 inAsia, 24,783 in Australasia, and 4,624,787 in America. Thus,61.99% live in Europe, 30.44% in America, 3.86% in Asia,3.55% in Africa, and 0.16% in Australasia.

TABLE VII

JEWS OF AMERICA, BY GEOGRAPHICAL DIVISIONS AND COUNTRIES

ALL COUNTRIES

North America and West Indies

United States (Continental) . . .

Cuba

Haiti

Panama Canal Zone

South and Central America.. . .

BrazilChile

Peru

Gen.Population

225,917,935

159,080,734

122,775,04659,278

10,353,77816,404,0303,638,174

76,299894,665

2,300,200974,742

1,543,04322,01239,467

66,837,201

10,646,81439,103,856

4,364,395307,784442,522836,360

6 147 000153 306

1,808,2863,026,878

Yr.«

193019301931193019301930192019271929193019301930

1928192819291928192319281927193019291926

JewishPopulation*

4,624,787

4,383,041

4,228,029500

126,196c16,000110,000

56655c

1501,250c

2007025

241,746

200,00030,000

2,000=1,786

750400<300628

5,000882c

Yr.«

192719171921192719291929192019291921191719231926

1924192719241925192619241927193019291926

PerCent

2.05

2.76

0.01

0.36

0.010.410.280.03

* The letter "c" following a figure indicates that it is based on a census.1 Including 10,000 Oriental Jews and 6,000 European Jews.2 Including both Sephardic and Ashkenazic Jews.3 Number of Jews residing at Santiago, Valparaiso, Concepsion and Temuco.* Number of Jews residing at Villarrica, Borche, Cabaliero, Ipcarai, Caifunto and

Encarmasion.6 January 1, specifically in the case of estimates for 1930, 1929, 1928.


TABLE VIIIJEWS OF EUROPE, BY GEOGRAPHICAL DIVISIONS AND COUNTRIES

ALL COUNTRIES

Central Europe

AustriaCrimea3

Czechoslovakia

LithuaniaNorthwest Russia1*PolandRoumaniaWhite Russia4

Ukraine4

Western and Southern Europe.

AlbaniaBelgium

FranceGermany

Great Britain and Northern

Irish Free StateItaly

Serb-Croat-Slovene State

Turkey (Europe)

Northern Europe

Esthonia

Russia (R. S. F. S. R.,exclusiveof Crimea and the Northwest)10

Sweden

Gen.Population

497,747,517

132,864,166

6.686,575713,823

14,726,158407,517

8,683,7401,900,0452,340,038

13,450 53331,927,77318,025,0374,982,623

29,020,304

276,809,646

1,003,0688,092,0045,478,741

310,7153,550,656

41,834,92362,348,782

16,931

46,178,8846,204,6842,971,992

41,220,434237,191230,618

7,920,3886,654,815

770,03013,930,91822,601,7534,066,4001,185,719

88,073,705

1,116,5533,658,1252,809,564

74,384,2736,105,190

Yr.

192819261930192919301930193019261931193019261926

19301930192919211930193119251929

1931192819261931192719291930193019271931192919301927

192919301930

19261929

JewishPopulation

9,418,248

7,616,477

250,00045,926c

400,000'9,239c

475,94994,388c8

155 125c1

326 363c2 978 000

900 000 !

407,059c1,574,428c

1,616,814

20444,00046,431

195c5,947

220,000c564,379c

1,123c1

300,00072,791c3,686c

47,4851,771

35150.000"

1.0004,038c

73,362c4,000

20,97955,592c

184,957

4,566c1,7721,457c

170,6936,469c

Yr.'

192319261930192419291930192319261930192919261926

19301921192619211921192619251920

1929192819261931192719201925192119271921192019201927

192219301920

19261920

PerCent

1.89

5.73

6.432.72

4.97

2 43

8.175.43

0.58

0.02

0.79

0.91

1.170.120.120.75

0.52

4.69

0.21

0.05

0.23

1 Exclusive of the number of Jews in the district of Memel of 141,274 inhabitantson January 1, 1925.

2 Religious census of 1918 returned 9,696,714 as belonging to the Orthodox Church;1,456,147, Greek Orthodox; 1,482,391, Roman Catholics; 1,344,970, Protestants;44,087, Mohammedans; 17,586, Armenians; 834,344, Jews; total, 14,876,789, leaving2,516,360 unaccounted for.

1 Autonomous republic of Russia (R. S. F. S. R.).1 Constituent republic of Russia (U. S. S. R.).• The ecclesiastical returns of the four synagogues of the city.• The returns of the 1920 census give 121,167 Jews, exclusive of the possible number of

Jews among the 533,714 enumerated as of "no religion" and 1,010 as of "unknownr e J See footnote 5 to Table VII. • Preliminary figure. • On basis of nationality.

10The Governments of Leningrad, Pskov, Smolensk, Briansk, and Moscow.


TABLE IX

JEWS OF AFRICA, BY GEOGRAPHICAL DIVISIONS AND COUNTRIES

Gen.Population Yr.i*

JewishPopulation

PerCent.

ALL COUNTRIES

Northern Part (Arabic-Speaking Countries)

AlgeriaEgyptLibya"Morocco (French)Morocco (Spanish)Tangier ZoneTunis ,

Southern Part (Black Africa)

AbyssiniaCongo (Belgian)KenyaNorthern RhodesiaPortuguese East AfricaSouthern RhodesiaSouth-West AfricaTanganyika (German

East Africa)Union of South Africa

68,843,551 538,609 0.78

29,505,552 414,550 1.40

6,063,49614,213,364

765,000'5,000,0001,000,000

53,0002,410,692

1926192719211931192919311931

100,00063,55043,0001120,000'15,000s

8,000'65,000*

1926192719211931192919311926

1.650.455.622.401.50

15.09

39,337,999 124,059 0.32

10,000,0008,700,000s

2,891,691s

1,269,508'3,514,612a

l,O32,7O33

258,905"

4,742,000"6,928,5801*

1929192919281928192719291926

19281921

50,000"177100no100

1,546200

1071,8161s

1922192319241921192319261925

19231926

» 571,000 in Tripolitania in 1921 with 40,000 Jews, and 195,000 in Cyrenaicain 19with 2,997 Jews in the town of Benghazi.2 Native Jews.

1 The number of Jews residing at Alcazar, Arzila, Larache, and Tetuan.* The census of 1926 returned 54,243 native Jews.'• Including 23,276 whites in 1928.' Including 23,086 Europeans and Arabs.' Including 7,536 Europeans in December 1928.' Including 35,570 non-natives.

Including 47,663 Europeans.1 Including 24,115 Europeans.1 Including 5,808 Europeans.'• Including 1,827,166 Europeans in 1931.13 Falashas.

» See footnote 5 to Table VII.6 4.28% of the total white population.


TABLE XJEWS OF ASIA, B* GEOGRAPHICAL DIVISIONS AND COUNTRIES

ALL COUNTRIES

Palestine and NeighboringCountries

Aden and PerimIraqSyria and Lebanon

Asia Minor, Central andNorthern Asia

PersiaRussia (R. S. F. S. R.) in Asia2

Transcaucasian Republic7

Turkmenistan3

Turkey (in Asia)Uzbekistan3

Eastern and Southern Asia. . . .

British MalayaChina

India (States and Agencies)...Indo-China (French)Japan '.

Gen.Population

934,391,555

13,766,867

1,035,1547,000,000

50.8092,849,2822,831,622

60,256,459

8,000,0009,000,000

18,845,6215,850,692

827,40012,462,5515,270,195

860,368,229

3,358,054*451,842,000

1,075,690318,942,48020,700,00064,450,005

Yr.»

19311929193119201929

1929192919261926192619271926

192119281927192119261930

JewishPopulation

585,791

326,241

175,00625,0003,747c

87,488c35.0001

222,919

5,00040,00049,571c62,194c2,040c

26,280c37,834c

36,631

703c12,0005

15021,778c

1,000s

1,000

Yr.»

1931

191119201922

1929192919261926192619271926

192119211921192119241922

PerCent

0.06

2.37

16.91

3.10

0.37

0.060.440.261.060.250.210.72

0.004

0.02

0.01

1 The census of 1922 returned 16,145 Jews, exclusive of the possible number amongthe 71,566 enumerated as "aliens," 50,000 "recent immigrants from Turkey," and350,000 classed as "nomads."

a Including the Far Eastern Region, Yakutsk Republic, Buriat-Mongul Republic,Siberian Region, and the autonomous republic of Kirghizia.

» Constituent republic of Russia (U. S. S. R.).4 Including 14,954 Europeans.•The number of Jews residing at Chang-Blung, Dairen (Baluy), Haitar, Harbin,

Kiarta Hankow, Shanghai, and Tientsin.• The number of Jews residing at Haiphong.Hanoi, Saigon and Tourane.• A constituent republic of Russia (U. S. S. R.), and the republic includes Armenia,

Azerbajdjan, and Georgia.8 Including nomad Beduins estimated at 103,000 in 1922.» See footnote S to Table VII.

TABLE XIJEWS OF AUSTRALASIA, BY COUNTRIES

Countries

Australia

Philippine Islands

Gen.Population

19,951,188

6,373,219368,336

1,344,46912,082,366

Yr.

1929193019261929

JewishPopulation

24,783

21,615c77

2,591c500

Yr.

1921192619261917

PerCent

0.12

0.19


TABLE XIIA LIST OF COUNTRIES AND THEIR JEWISH POPULATIONS

Name of Country Number of Jews1] Name of Country |Number of Jews1

AbyssiniaAden and PerimAfghanistan..AlaskaAlgeriaArabiaArgentinaAustraliaAustriaBelgiumBrazilBritish MalayaBulgariaCanadaChileChinaCongo (Belgian)....CrimeaCubaCuracaoCyprusCzecho-Slovakia....DanzigDenmarkDominican Republic.EgyptEsthoniaFinlandFranceGermanyGibraltarGreat Britain and

Northern Ireland..GreeceGuiana (British)Haiti...HawaiiHong KongHungaryIndiaIndo-China (French)IraqIrish Free StateItalyJamaicaJapanKenyaLatviaLibyaLithuaniaLuxemburgMalta

50,0003,7475,000

500100,00025,000

200,00021,615

250,00044,00030,000

70346,431

126,1962,000

12,000177

45,9268,200

565195

400,0009,2395,947

5563,5504,5661,772

220,000564,379

1,123

300,00072,7911,786

15077

150475,94921,778

1,00087,4883,686

47,4851,2501,000

10094,38843,000

155,1251.771

35

MexicoMorocco (French)Morocco (Spanish)NetherlandsNew ZealandNorwayPalestinePanamaPanama Canal ZoneParaguayPersiaPeruPhilippine IslandsPolandPorto RicoPortugalPortuguese East Africa..Rhodesia (Northern) . . .Rhodesia (Southern)....RoumaniaRussia (R. S. F. S. R.)

in AsiaRussia (R. S. F. S. R.)

in EuropeRussia (U. S. S. R.)Saar BasinSerb-Croat-Slovene

StateS. W.AfricaSpainSurinam (Dutch Guiana)Syria and LebanonSwedenSwitzerlandTanganyikaTangier ZoneTrans-Caucasian Rep...TunisiaTurkmenistanTurkey in AsiaTurkey in EuropeUkraineUnion of South Africa..United States (Contin'l).United States and

PossessionsUruguayUzbekistan Republic....VenezuelaVirgin IslandsWhite Russia

16,000120,00015,000

150,0002,5911,457

175,00675025

40040,000

300500

2,978,000200

1,000100110

1,546900,000

49,571

539,2722,672,398

4,038

73,362200

4,000628

35,0006,469

20,97910

8,00062,19465,0002,040

26,28055,592

1,574,42871,816

4,228,029

4,229,4015,000

37,83488270

407,059

1 See footnote 1 to p. 287.


TABLE XIII

LIST OF IMPORTANT CITIES AND THEIR JEWISH POPULATION*

NameGen.

Population

450,000206,595647,427334,000250,000

4,024,165685,000925,724795,000119,173561,344183,70691,85250,533690,85790,767170,741417,342c513,63792,446

219,3881,614,008452,079131,528618,506

2,144,679420,862848,08130,953

337,699600,000175.681127,00046,116

521,89364,75979,175

1,856,780936,046191,198

Yr.

192019211920192119201925192119201920192619211921191919311927193119261926192619231921192619211926192119261926193019211925

192619261931192119181921192319211924

JewishPopulation1

29,20715,943c.67,249c.22,000e.50,000c.

172,672c.20,000e.

217,545c.24,88511,0795,875c.

45,19243,555c.15,99546,698c51,41625,826

81,139c140,256c25,044c.76,85484,503c155,86053,686c42,817131,747c153,243c35,463c.3,004c.

39,459c.11,00020,8951,929c.45,60734,61912,951c.19,029c.

201,513c.309,165c.14,449

Yr.

1920192119201921192019251921192019201926192119211919193119271931192619261926192619211926192119261921192619261930192119251922192619221931192119181921192319211921

PerCent

6.57.7

10.46.520.04.292.9

23.53.19.301.04

24.647.4

6.75

15.1319.4427.31

35.5.2434.540.826.96.14

36.41

9.711.68

11.89

6.620.024.010.833.

Alexandria....AlgiersAmsterdam. . .Antwerp ,BagdadBerlinBrusselsBudapestCairoCape Town . . .Copenhagen...CracowCzernowitzHaifaIstanbulJerusalemJohannesburg. .KharkovKievKovnoLwowLeningradLodzMinskMontrealMoscowOdessaPragueRabatRigaRomeSofiaTallinn (Revel).Tel AvivTorontoTripoliTunisViennaWarsawWinnipeg

• For cities in the United States, see pp. 223, 224.i It should be borne in mind that the figures for the number of Jews arrived at on

the basis of a religious or nationality census, are minima. This is partly due to the factthat there is sometimes a tendency on the part of census enumerators to minimize thenumber of persons of a minority religion or nationality, and partly because some Jewsreport their nationality as that of the majority population, or decline to answer thequestion as to religion or nationality. For example, in the 1921 census of Czecho-slovakia as many as 724,507 persons refused to give their religious affiliation. Thenumber of Jews for that country given in this article does not include the possiblenumber of Jews among those that refused to give their religious affiliation.


C. JEWISH IMMIGRATION TO T H E U N I T E DSTATES

During the year ended June 30, 1931, a total of 5,692Jewish immigrants were admitted to the country, 5,834 lessthan during the past year, and 1,455 Jews were admittedduring the 6 months ended December 31, 1931. The mimberof Jews who departed was small: 319 during the year endedJune 30, 1931, and 240 during the following 6 months. Thenet increase through immigration was thus 5,373 (15.24%)of the total) during the fiscal year of 1931, and 1,215 during,the 6 months ended December 31, 1931.

A total of 150 Jews were deported during the fiscal yearof 1930-1931, and 80 during the 6 months that followed.During the same period, 405 Jews during the fiscal yearof 1930-1931 and 168 during the 6 months of July-December1931-, were debarred from entering the country. Thus,compared with the net increase of Jewish immigrants thenumber deported was 2.79% during 1931 and 6.58% duringthe following 6 months; and the ratio of the number of Jewsdebarred to those admitted was 7.12% in 1931 and 11.25%during the 6 months of July-December 1931. These highratios of Jews deported and Jews debarred, are direct resultsof the present immigration policies of the United States.The ratio of those deported and of those debarred were evenhigher for the total. Thus, compared with the net increaseof the total number of immigrants, the number deportedduring 1931 was 51.46%, and the number of debarred tothose admitted was 18.25%.

Of the 5,692 Jews admitted during the year ended June30, 1931, a total of 3,201 (56.24%) came from a groupof adjacent countries in the center of Europe1, and 2,491(43.76%) came from other countries, chiefly Canada,Cuba, Great Britain, and Palestine. In 1930, 64.95% camefrom the Jewish Central Europe1 and 35.05% from othercountries. In the case of the countries of the JewishCentral Europe, the Jewish immigrants constituted but5.86% of the total number of immigrants admitted fromthose countries, as against 36.48% during the preceding year.

1 Poland, Lithuania, Latvia. Austria, Czecho-SIovakia, Hungary, Roumania, Russia.


During the year ended June 30, 1931, the Jewish immi-grants admitted were destined for every state in the Union,chiefly New York, Illinois, Pennsylvania, Michigan, NewJersey, Massachusetts, California, and Ohio, in the ordergiven.

Of the total number of immigrants admitted during theyear ended June 30, 1931, 2,481 were males and 3,211 werefemales (43.59% and 56.41%), over against 41.82% and58.18% respectively for the total number of immigrantsadmitted to the country. The Jewish immigrants differedin the matter of age distribution and conjugal condition.Of the total number of Jewish immigrants, 22.03% werechildren under 16 years, 56.45% were persons between16 and 44, and 21.52%, 45 years and over; as against17.83%, 69.08%, and 13.09%, respectively, for the totalnumber of immigrants. Of the total number of Jewishimmigrants, 50.24% were single, 42.59% married,- and7.17% widowed and divorced; as against 58.23%, 36.75%,and 5.02% respectively for the total. The family characterof Jewish immigration to the United States is also evidentfrom the fact that, of the total number of Jewish immi-grants, 93.87% came to join relatives, as against 81.19%for the total number of immigrants. This family characterof Jewish immigration accounts for the variation from thenorm on the part of Jewish immigrants in the matter of theamount of money shown by the immigrants upon landing.In 1930, the sum of money shown by the Jewish immigrantsupon landing, amounted to 5.69% of the total sumshown.

Little is known statistically of the early waves of Jewishimmigration to the United States, the immigration of Por-tuguese and Spanish Jews, and of German Jews. We are inpossession of statistics beginning with 1881, and the datawe have bear on the following: (1) the number of Jews whowere admitted at the ports of the City of New York, Phil-adelphia, and Baltimore, during 1881—1898; (2) the num-ber of Jews who were admitted to the country at all portsbetween 1899—1907; and (3) the number of Jews who wereadmitted as well as those who departed from 1908 onwards.

Now, during 1908—1914, the percentage of Jewish

STATISTICS OF JEWS .259

departures to Jewish admissions was 7.14%.' We may,therefore, perhaps assume that the percentages were similarduring the period between 1899—1907. We may also per-haps assume that during 1881-1898 the Jewish departuresequalled the number of Jewish admissions through portsother than New York, Philadelphia, and Baltimore. Ifthese assumptions be correct, then the number of Jewishimmigrants to the United States during 1881—1931 maybe estimated at 2,331,268.2

The percentage of Jewish departures during the entire period between 1908-1929 i3is close to the one of 7.1

igration. See table XIX.5.03% which percentage is close to the one of 7.14% for the seven years between1908-1914 of "free" immigration. S "

1 See Table XVIII.


TABLE XIVJEWISH IMMIGRANTS ADMITTED, DEPARTED, DEBARRED, AND DEPORTED,

JULY 1, 1930—JUNE 30, 1931, AND JULY—DECEMBER, 1931

Admission1

Departure2

IncreaseDebarredDeported

July 1, 1930—June 30, 1931

Total

97,13961,88235,2579,744

18,142

Jews

5,6923193

5,373405150

P. C.

5.860.52

15.244.160.83

July—December, 1931

Total

21,73558,604

-36,8693,9669,234

Jews

1,455240

1,21516880

P. C.

6.690.41

4.240.87

1 In addition, 183,540 non-immigrants, including 3,332 Jews (1.82%) were admittedduring the year ended June 30, 1931, and 84,895, including 1,450 Jews, during July—December, 1931.

2 In addition, 229,034 non-emigrant aliens departed during the year ended June30, 1931, including 1,839 Jews; and 112,018, including 735 Jews during July—-December,1931.

3 36 to Canada, 11 to Germany, 77 to Great Britain, 37 to Palestine, 70 to Poland,13 to Russia, and 75 to other countries.

TABLE XV

JEWISH IMMIGRANTS ADMITTED, BY SEX, AGE, CONJUGAL CONDITION,FINANCIAL CONDITION, ETC., YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 1931

Immigrants Admitted.. . .

SEXMalesFemales

AGEUnder 1616—4445 and over

MARITAL CONDITIONSingleMarriedWidowedDivorced

FINANCIAL CONDITIONAmount of money shown .No. showing $50 or over..No. showing less than $50 .

PERSONS JOINEDRelativesFriendsNone

Number

Total

97,139

40,62156,518

17,32067,10012,719

56,56435,7004,573

302

$10,771,61349,98125,138

78,87010,4127,857

Jews

5,692

2,4813,211

1,2543,2131,225

2,8602,424

39513

$613,0552,1871,386

5,343131218

Distribution

Total

100.00

41.8258.18

17.8369.0813.09

58.2336.754.710.31

66.5433.46

81.1910.728.09

Jews

100.00

43.5956.41

22.0356.4521.52

50.2442.596.940.23

61.2138.79

93.872.303.83


TABLE XVI

DESTINATION OF JEWISH IMMIGRANTS, BY STATE,YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 1931

United States..

Total

97,139

7,7885,8507,2255,5916,381

35,8672,8896,359

19,189

Jews

5,692

210389222251239

3,4081782665291

P. C.

5.86

2.706.653.074.493.759.506.164.182.76

Distribution

Total

100.00

8.026.027.445.766.57

36.922.976.55

19.75

Jews

100.00

3.696.833.904.414.20

59.883.134.679.29

CaliforniaIllinoisMassachusetts.MichiganNew Jersey . . .New Y o r k . . . .OhioPennsylvania..Other States. .

i Alabama (5), Arizona (1), Arkansas (1), Colorado (14), Connecticut (82), Delaware(2), District of Columbia (23), Florida (15), Georgia (8), Indiana (19), Iowa (4),Kansas (3), Kentucky (7), Louisiana (4), Maine (9), Maryland (45), Minnesota (40),TV*;™;,^;™; {t.\ Missouri (31) Nebraska (8), Nevada (1), New Hampshire (3), New

-- - - • — - — ~ . • • ~ <•" Rhode

), Utah:sin (44).

TABLE XVII

PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES OF LAST RESIDENCE OF JEWISH IMMIGRANTS,YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 1931

ALL COUNTRIES

CENTRAL EUROPEAN

Hungary

Poland

OTHER COUNTRIES

Great Britain

CanadaCuba

Countries of less than 10C

Total

97,139

9 143738

2 016887227403

3 604933335

87,996

10,294330

21,6871,1743,333

51,178

Jews

5,692

3,20164

144206146174

1,729517221

2,491

267293997214164

556

P. C.

5.86

35.018.677.14

23.2264.3243.1847.9755.4165.97

2.83

2.5988.79

4.6018.234.92

1.09

Distribution

Total

100.00

9.418.07

22.059.702.484.41

39.4210.213.66

90.59

11.700.37

24.651.333.79

58.16

Jews

100.00

56.242.004.506.444.565.44

54.0116.156.90

43.76

10.7211.7640.03

8.596.58

22.32


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TABLE XXJEWISH IMMIGRANTS REJECTED ON APPLICATION FOR ADMISSION AND

THOSE DEPORTED FROM THE UNITED STATES AFTERADMISSION, 1899-1931

Year

1899-1910...1911 . . .1912191319141915 . . . .1916191719181919192019211922192319241925192619271928192919301931

Total 1899-1931

Total 1911-1931

Debarred

Number

Total

116,25522,34916,05719,93833,04124.11118,86716,0287,2978,626

11,79513,77913.73120,61930,28425,39020,55019,75518,83918,1278,2339,744

493,415

Jews

10,7851,9991,0641,2242,5061,398

949607222199268

1,1951,2561,4551,7541,137

8711,090

898610275405

32,167

Per Cent toAdmission

Total

1.22.51.91.62.77.36.35.46.56.12.71.74.43.94.38.66.75.96.16.483.41

10.03

2.53

Jews

1.02.11.31.21.95.26.23.56.06.51.81.02.32.93.5

11.18.49.47.74.892.397.12

1.68

Deported

Number

Total

12,1772,7882 4563 4614,1372,6702,9061,918

7963,1022,7624,5174,3453,6614,2949,495

10,90411,66211,62512,90816,63118,142

147,357

135,180

Jews

1,303209191253317687946271753

13421499

113250175184213153164150

4,412

3,109

Per Cent toNet Increase

Total

.5

.4,4.4

2.11.8

.94.9

17.61.9.8

3.9.82.68

4.74.74.45.16.138.71

51.46

2.02

Jews

.2

.2

.2

.2.2.5.3.9.7.4.1.4.02.2

2.51.71.61.91.251.462.79

0.39


D. JEWISH IMMIGRATION TO OTHERAMERICAN COUNTRIES

CANADA. During the year ended March 31,1931, a totalof 3,421 Jews entered Canada (513 from the United States),3.88% of the total. Among the Jewish immigrants, themales and the females were about evenly divided (49.87%males and 50.13% females) as against 54.6% males and45.4% females among the total number of immigrants; andthe immigrants of 18 years or over, as among the totalpopulation, constituted 72.99% of the total number ofJewish immigrants.

Nearly 30% of the Jewish immigrants admitted weremechanics; 15.11%, female domestic servants; nearly 15%,traders; 10.67%, laborers; and a little over 6%, farmers.This occupational distribution varied from that of the otherimmigrants, where the farming class constituted over 36%.

Of the total number of Jews that entered the country,nearly 86% came from a group of adjacent countries in thecenter of Europe1 and only 14% from Great Britain, UnitedStates, and other countries, compared with 27% and 73%respectively for the total.

Over 90% of the Jewish immigrants were bound for thethree provinces of Ontario (43.53%), Quebec (38.67%), andManitoba (11.05%). Of the total number of immigrants,over three-fourths were bound for the same provinces, andof these 38% went to Ontario, 20% to Manitoba, and only18% to Quebec.

During 1901 to 1931, a total of 123,864 Jews enteredCanada, constituting 2.13% of the total.

CUBA. During 1930, a total of 1,374 Jews entered Cuba,and 120 immigrant Jews departed; and 29 were debarredfrom landing. During 1929, a total of 476 Jews enteredthe country.

1 Austria, Czecho-Slovakia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Roumania, andRussia.


BRAZIL. During 1930, a total of 3,558 Jewish immigrantswere admitted to Brazil. From 1925 to 1929, a total of21,362 Jews entered the country, constituting 4.3% of thetotal number of persons admitted.

URUGUAY. During 1930, about 1,600 Jews enteredUruguay; and during 1927-1930, a total of 5,871 Jewishimmigrants entered the country, 0.78%.

ARGENTINE. During 1930, a total of 7,805 Jews enteredArgentine, constituting 5.86% of the total number ofimmigrants admitted to the country during that year. Dur-ing the period of 18 years of 1913-1930, a total of 91,490Jews entered the country, constituting 4.56% of theadmissions.

UNION OF SOUTH AFRICA. During 1930, a total of 1,200Jewish immigrants entered the Union of South Africa,compared with 2,664 in 1929.


TABLE XXI

JEWISH IMMIGRATION INTO CANADA, BY SEX, AGE, OCCUPATION, AND

DESTINATION, 1931

Total

Via Ocean PortsFrom United States

SexMales

AGEUnder 18 years18 years or over

OCCUPATION

TradersFemale Domestic Servants..Other Classes

COUNTRY OF BIRTH

Czecho-Slovakia

Poland

Great BritainUnited States

Other Countries'

DESTINATION

Ontario

SaskatchewanAlbertaBritish ColumbiaNova ScotiaNew BrunswickPrince Edward IslandTerritories and Unspecified..

Number

Total

88,223

63,94324,280

48,17040,053

25,12963,094

32,0575,2987,8715,890

10,83626,271

4902,6142,155

93655

14,0352,1701,335

27,36718,639

18,670

16,29033,65217,5245,0576,4415,5401,5651,998

14115

Jews

3,421

2,908513

1,7061,715

9242,497

211365977497517854

24111827

1322,234

225265

106303

76

1,3231,489

3789062402316

Distribution

Total

72.4827.52

54.6045.40

28.4871.52

36.346.008.926.68

12.2829.78

0.562.962.440.110.74

15.912.461.51

31.0221.13

21.16

18.4738.1419.865.737.306.281.772.270.160.02

Jews

85.0015.00

49.8750.13

27.0172.99

6.1710.6728.5614.5315.1124.96

0.700.320.530.793.86

65.306.587.75

3.108.85

2.22

38.6743.5311.052.631.811.170.67-0.47

•Countries from which fewer than 100 Jewish immigrants arrived in Canada.


TABLE XXII

SUMMARY OF JEWISH IMMIGRATION TO CANADA, 1901-1931

Year

190119021903190419051906190719081909191019111912191319141915

Total

49,14967,379

128,364130,331146,266189,064124,667262,469146,908208,794311,084354,237402,432384,878144,789

Jews1

2,7651,0152,0663,7277,7157,1276,5847,7121,6363,1825,1465,3227,387

11,2523,107

Per CentJews to To-

tal

5.61.51.62.85.23.85.22.91.11.51.61.51.82.92.1

Year

1916191719181919192019211922192319241925192619271928192919301931

Total

Total

48,53775,37479,07457,702

117,336148,47789,99972,887

148,560111,36296,064

143,991151,597167,722163,288

88,2235,811,004

Jews'

651363222

1162,7638,4042,7934,2554,4594,0144,8634,7663,8484,1643,421

123,864

Per CentJews to To-

tal

.1

.1

.04

.04

.091.99.33.82.84.4.183.383.142.292.553.882.13

1 The figures for the Jews entering Canada during 1901-1925 are exclusive of thosewho entered from the United States.

, TABLE XXIII

SUMMARY OF JEWISH IMMIGRATION TO BRAZIL, 1925-1930

Year

192519261927192819291930

Total 1925-1930.

Total'

84,883121,569101,56888,553

100,000

496,573

Jews

2,624'3,906'5,167'4,055'5,610s

3,558

21,362

P. C.

3.093.215.094,58

4.30

i Communicated by the Consul General of Brazil in New York City' Communicated by Hicem.• Communicated by lea.


TABLE XXIV

SUMMARY OF JEWISH IMMIGRATION TO URUGUAY, 1927-1930

Year

1927192819291930

Total

Total

183,386180,654184,514203,179

751,733

Jews'

77121,500s

2.0003

1,600'

5,871

P. C.

0.420.831.080.79

0.78

' l e a .2 Number assisted by local Jewish Committee.» Number assisted in 1928, 1,270; in 1929, 1,449.

TABLE XXV

SUMMARY OF JEWISH IMMIGRATION TO ARGENTINE, 1913-1930

Year

19131914-1918191919201921192219231924192519261927192819291930

Total

Total1

285,215225,365

41,29987,03298,086

129,263195,063159,939125,366135,011161,548129,047100,424«133,183*

2,005,841

Jews

10,8604,845>

2802,0714,09527.1982

13,70127,799"6,92027,53425,58426,81225,98627,8052

91,490

P. C.

3.812.150.682.384.185.577.024.885.525.583.465.285.965.86

4.561Revista Economia Argentina, Buenos Aires, Sept. 1929.

1 Communicated by lea.•The figure includes 3,693 admitted during 1914; 606, during 1915; 324, during 1916;

90, during 1917 (slightly incomplete); and 132 during 1918 (slightly incomplete)—communicated by lea.

' Communicated by Consul General of Brazil, New Yor City.


E. JEWISH IMMIGRATION TO PALESTINE

During 1931, a total of 4,075 Jewish immigrants entered,and 666 Jews departed from, Palestine, leaving a net increaseof 3,409 Jews. During the same year, 1,458 non-Jewishimmigrants entered, and 680 emigrants departed from,Palestine. Thus, during 1931, a total of 5,533 immigrants(73.65% Jews and 26.35% non-Jews) entered, and 1,346(49.48% Jews and 50.52% non-Jews) departed from, Pales-tine, the percentage of departures to admissions being16.34% for Jews and 46.64% for non-Jews, as against33.09% and 85.63% respectively during 1930.

During 1931, for which year detailed information isavailable, over half (53.3%) of the Jews admitted werepersons coming to employment and their dependents;19.95% were dependents of residents already in Palestine;and 13.87% were persons with capital, or assured income ormaintenance, and their dependents; 2.6% were persons ofreligious occupations, students, orphans, and their depen-dents. Four of the 327 persons admitted under exemptionfrom the provisions of the immigration ordinance were Jews.

The distribution of the non-Jewish immigrants wasnotably different from that of the Jewish newcomers. Over22% of the non-Jewish immigrants were admitted underexemption from the immigration ordinance; less than one-fourth (23.59%) were persons coming to employment andtheir dependents, more than one-fourth (25.17%) werepersons of religious occupations, students and orphans,16.80% were dependents of Palestinian citizens; and 7.55%were persons of means.

There was also a considerable difference in the sex group-ings, as between Jews and non-Jews. Of the Jewish immi-grants admitted, 39.36% were men, 45.72% women and14.92% children, as compared with 47.26%, 31.55%, and21.19% for the non-Jewish immigrants.

Jews constituted almost half (49.48%) of the total numberof emigrants in 1931. About 80% were aliens and 20% werePalestinian citizens, as was also the case with the non-Jewishemigrants.


During 1931, 401 persons were refused admission, anaverage of 33 persons monthly.

In 1931, the monthly immigration of the Jews averaged339. The largest number (832) was admitted in March andthe smallest number (142) during July. The monthlyaverage for non-Jews was 121, the largest number (154)was admitted during November and the smallest number(83) during July. The average monthly number of Jewswho emigrated was 55 (11 citizens and 44 aliens) and ofnon-Jews, 57 (12 citizens and 45 aliens).

From the date of the British occupation of Palestine,December 9, 1917, to the end of 1931, a total of 113,047Jews entered the country, the yearly number varyingbetween 33,801 in 1925 and 2,178 in 1928. The number ofJews that departed between December 9, 1917 and theend of 1921, was small. But, during the decade from 1922to 1931, a total of 27,809 Jews, emigrated, or 29.53% ofthe number admitted. The yearly emigration of Jews variedbetween 666 in 1931 and 7,365 in 1926; and the percentageof Jewish emigration to Jewish immigration varied between6.36% in 1925 and 99.54% in 1928. The net immigrationof Jews during 1922-1931 wax 66,353. One year, 1927,shows a decrease of 2,358 Jews, but all other years witnessedan increase of Jewish immigration over emigration, varyingbetween 10 in 1928 and 31,650 in 1925. A total of 9,274non-Jews were admitted to the country during 1922-1931,and an additional small number between December 9, 1917and May 31, 1921, for which period no statistics of non-Jewswere kept; and during 1922-1931, a total of 13,309 departed,being 4,035 in excess of the number admitted. During1922-1931, an average of 9% of the yearly immigration wasnon-Jewish, the yearly percentage varying between 2.42%in 1925, and 29.42% in 1928. The yearly immigration ofnon-Jews varied between 284 in 1922 and 1,489 in 1930,and the yearly emigration, between 474 in 1924 and 2,064in 1926.


TABLE XXVI

JEWISH IMMIGRATION TO PALESTINE, 1930, 1931

Immigrants Admitted

JewsNon-Jews

Emigrants Departed

CitizensAliens

Net Increase

Non-Jews

Refused Admission

P. C. of Departures toAdmissions

Non-Jews

Number

1930

6,433

4,9441,489

2,911

1,636581

1,0551,275

799476

3,522

3,308214

212

45.25

33.0985.63

1931

5,533

4,0751,458

1,346

666138528680144536

4,187

3,409778

401

24.33

16.3446.64

Distribution

1930

100.00

76.8523.15

100.00

56.2035.5164.4943.8062.6737.33

100.00

93.926.08

1931

100.00

73.6526.35

100.00

49.4820.7279.2850.5221.1878.82

100.00

81.4218.58

TABLE XXVII

JEWISH IMMIGRATION

Month

Total

MarchApril

July

October

Average

TO PALESTINE AND JEWISHBY MONTHS, 1931

Immigration

Total

5,533

262412916390629502225316322454653452

461

Jews

4.075

150262832276490415142210178307499314

339

Non-Jews

1,458

11215084

1141398783

106144147154138

121

EMIGRATION,

Emigration

Palest. Citizens

Total

282

182720231433174013271436

24

Jews

138

51613115

241022495

14

11

Non-Jews

144

1311

712997

189

189

22

12

Aliens

Total

1,064

5386

1108162

1019275

1168666

136

89

Jews

528

373038482845475568463353

44

Non-Jews

536

165672333456452048403383

45

RefusedAdmis-

sion

401

392919252770223545274716

33


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Documents

STATISTICS OF JEWS - AJC Archives...STATISTICS OF JEWS BY H. S. LINFIELD, PH.D. Director, Statistical Department of the American Jewish Committee INTRODUCTORY NOTE The present article