235
Lecture No. : 5 سة م ا خ ل ا رة ض خا م ل ا

Stiffness 5

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Page 1: Stiffness 5

Lecture No. : 5 الخامسة المحاضرة

Page 2: Stiffness 5

Remember :F1

1 2

k1k2

F3

3

k3

F2

d1 d2 d3

k11F1

F2 = k21

F = K D

F3 k31

k12

k22

k32

k13

k23

k33

d1

d2

d32

Page 3: Stiffness 5

k11F1

F2 = k21

F3 k31

k12

k22

k32

k13

k23

k33

d1

d2

d3

First column in Stiffness matrix

d1 =1 d2 =0 d3 =0

1 2

k1k2

3

k3

d1=1

k11

k21

k31

=

F1

F2

F3

Remember :

3

Page 4: Stiffness 5

k11F1

F2 = k21

F3 k31

k12

k22

k32

k13

k23

k33

d1

d2

d3

Second column in Stiffness matrix

d1 =0 d2 =1 d3 =0

k12

k22

k32

=

F1

F2

F3

1 2

k1k2

3

k3

d2=1

Remember :

4

Page 5: Stiffness 5

k11F1

F2 = k21

F3 k31

k12

k22

k32

k13

k23

k33

d1

d2

d3

Third column in Stiffness matrix

d1 =0 d2 =0 d3 =1

k13

k23

k33

=

F1

F2

F3

1 2

k1k2

3

k3

d3=1

Remember :

5

Page 6: Stiffness 5

Plan Truss

A

B

C

4

3

F1d1

F2 d2

F = K Dk11F1

F2

=k21

k12

k22

d1

d2

Remember :

6

Page 7: Stiffness 5

First column in Stiffness matrixd1 =1 d2 =0

k11F1

F2

=k21

k12

k22

d1

d2

A

B

C

4

3

d1

1

Remember :

7

Page 8: Stiffness 5

second column in Stiffness matrixd1 =0 d2 =1

k11F1

F2

=k21

k12

k22

d1

d2

A

B

C

d2

1

Remember :

8

Page 9: Stiffness 5

a

b

F1

d1=1

F2

F3

F4

= EA/L cos2

= EA/L cos sin

= - EA/L cos2

= - EA/L cos sin

9

Page 10: Stiffness 5

a

b

F1

F2

F3

F4

= EA/L sin2

= EA/L sin cos

= - EA/L sin cos

= - EA/L sin2

d2=1

10

Page 11: Stiffness 5

( )cos + ( )sin

bxax

- byay

-AEL

N =

a

b

bx

by

ax

ay

[ ]

For internal forces in truss elementsRemember :

11

Page 12: Stiffness 5

4

A

B

E

5 2 4C D

B

Beams

C D

Remember :

12

Page 13: Stiffness 5

k11

K = k21

k31

k12

k22

k32

k13

k23

k33

Stiffness matrix

Remember :

13

Page 14: Stiffness 5

A

B

E

C D

B

First column in Stiffness matrix

B =1

4 EILAB

4 EILBC

+ 2 EILBC

Remember :

14

Page 15: Stiffness 5

A

B

E

C D

C

Second column in Stiffness matrix

C =1

4 EILBC

4 EILCD

+ 2 EILCD

2 EILBC

Remember :

15

Page 16: Stiffness 5

A

B

E

C D

D

Third column in Stiffness matrix

D =1

4 EILCD

4 EILDE

+2 EILCD

Remember :

16

Page 17: Stiffness 5

A

B

E

C D

60 kNm 50 kNm 30 kNmForce vector

F =

- 60- 50

30

A

B

E

C D

B C D

Remember :

17

Page 18: Stiffness 5

Force vectorTransformation from member forces to Joint forces

L

P

8LP

8LP

P a b2

L2

L

P

a b P b a2

L2

Fixed End Reaction (FER) 18

Page 19: Stiffness 5

Force vectorTransformation from member forces to Joint forces

L

P

8LP

8LP

P a b2

L2

L

P

a b P b a2

L2

Fixed End Action (FEA) 19

Page 20: Stiffness 5

Internal forces in beam elements

MBA=2 EI

L( + 2 ) M(FER) BA +

MAB= ( 2 + ) M(FER) AB +2 EI

L

20

Page 21: Stiffness 5

21

Page 22: Stiffness 5

I I

2 I

22

Page 23: Stiffness 5

d1

d2

d3

23

Page 24: Stiffness 5

d1

d2

d3

d11

d4

d5

d6d7

d8

d9

d10 d12

24

Page 25: Stiffness 5

25

Page 26: Stiffness 5

26

Page 27: Stiffness 5

AEL

AEL

AEL

AEL

27

Page 28: Stiffness 5

AEL

AEL

AEL

AEL

28

Page 29: Stiffness 5

29

Page 30: Stiffness 5

6 EI

L2

6 EIL2

12 EIL3

12 EIL3

30

Page 31: Stiffness 5

6 EIL2

6 EIL2

12 EIL3

12 EIL3

31

Page 32: Stiffness 5

3 EIL2

3 EIL3

3 EIL3

32

Page 33: Stiffness 5

3 EIL2

3 EIL3

3 EIL3

33

Page 34: Stiffness 5

34

Page 35: Stiffness 5

4 EIL

2 EIL

6 EIL2

6 EIL2

35

Page 36: Stiffness 5

4 EIL

2 EIL

6 EIL2

6 EIL2

36

Page 37: Stiffness 5

3 EIL 3 EI

L2

3 EIL2

37

Page 38: Stiffness 5

3 EIL

3 EIL2

3 EIL2

38

Page 39: Stiffness 5

Example 1:Construct the stiffness matrix for the shown frame where E = 106 kN/m2

8

A B

5

C

A=0.6 m2

I = 0.02 m4

A=0.4 m2

I = 0.005 m4

39

Page 40: Stiffness 5

Modeling

A

B

C

d1

d2

d3

40

Page 41: Stiffness 5

k11

K = k21

k31

k12

k22

k32

k13

k23

k33

Stiffness matrix

41

Page 42: Stiffness 5

First column in Stiffness matrix

d1 =1A

B

C

d1

42

Page 43: Stiffness 5

First column in Stiffness matrix

A B

C

1 AEL 1 6 EI

L2

12 EIL3

B

A B

8

5

C

A=0.6 m2

I = 0.02 m4

A=0.4 m2

I = 0.005 m4

E = 106 kN/m2

43

Page 44: Stiffness 5

First column in Stiffness matrix106x.6

8 6X106X.00552

A B

8

5

C

A=0.6 m2

I = 0.02 m4

A=0.4 m2

I = 0.005 m4

E = 106 kN/m2

12X106X.00553

75,0001200

480

44

Page 45: Stiffness 5

First column in Stiffness matrix

k11

k21

k31

=

75,480

12000

A B

C

75,0001200

480d1

d2

d3

45

Page 46: Stiffness 5

Second column in Stiffness matrix

d2 =1A

B

C

d2

46

Page 47: Stiffness 5

A B

C

AEL

6 EIL2

12 EIL3

Second column in Stiffness matrix

11

A B

8

5

C

A=0.6 m2

I = 0.02 m4

A=0.4 m2

I = 0.005 m4

E = 106 kN/m2

47

Page 48: Stiffness 5

A B

C

106x.45

6X106X.0282

12X106X.0283

80,000

1875469

Second column in Stiffness matrix

A B

8

5

C

A=0.6 m2

I = 0.02 m4

A=0.4 m2

I = 0.005 m4

E = 106 kN/m2

48

Page 49: Stiffness 5

A B

C

80,000

1875469

k12

k22

k32

=

080,469

-1875

Second column in Stiffness matrix

d1

d2

d3

49

Page 50: Stiffness 5

Third column in Stiffness matrix

d3 =1A

B

C

d3

50

Page 51: Stiffness 5

Third column in Stiffness matrix

A

B

C

1

1

4 EIL

6 EIL2

4 EIL

6 EIL2

A B

8

5

C

A=0.6 m2

I = 0.02 m4

A=0.4 m2

I = 0.005 m4

E = 106 kN/m2

51

Page 52: Stiffness 5

Third column in Stiffness matrix

A

B

C

1

1

6X106X.0282

4X106X.028

6X106X.00552

4X106X.0055

10,0004,000

1200

1875A B

8

5

C

A=0.6 m2

I = 0.02 m4

A=0.4 m2

I = 0.005 m4

E = 106 kN/m2

52

Page 53: Stiffness 5

Third column in Stiffness matrix

A

B

C

10,0004,000

1200

1875

d1

d2

d3

k13

k23

k33

=

1200-1875

14,00053

Page 54: Stiffness 5

k11

k21

k31

=

75,480

1200

0k12

k22

k32

=

080,469

-1875

k13

k23

k33

=

1200-1875

14,000

K =

75,480

1200

00

80,469

-1875

1200-1875

14,000

54

Page 55: Stiffness 5

Example 2:Construct the stiffness matrix for the shown frame where E = 106 kN/m2, and the section of all members is rectangular with dimension 30 cm x 80 cm.

8a

b

8

d

c

55

Page 56: Stiffness 5

Modeling

d1

d2

d3

a

b

d

c

d4

d5

d6

56

Page 57: Stiffness 5

k11

K =

k21

k31

k12

k22

k32

k13

k23

k33

Stiffness matrix

k41

k51

k61

k42

k52

k62

k43

k53

k63

k14

k24

k34

k15

k25

k35

k16

k26

k36

k44

k54

k64

k45

k55

k65

k46

k56

k66

57

Page 58: Stiffness 5

Example 2:

30 cm

80 cmEA= 240,000 kNEI = 12,800 kNm2

Construct the stiffness matrix for the shown frame where E = 106 kN/m2, and the section of all members is rectangular with dimension 30cm x 80 cm.

A = 0.24 m2

I = 0.0128 m4

58

Page 59: Stiffness 5

8a

b

8

d

c

EA=240,000 kNEI = 12,800 kNm2

EA/L = 30,0002 EI/L = 3,2004 EI/L = 6,4006 EI/L2 = 1,20012EI/L3= 300

59

Page 60: Stiffness 5

First column in Stiffness matrix

d1 =1d1

a

b

d

c

60

Page 61: Stiffness 5

First column in Stiffness matrix

b c

a

1 AEL1 6 EI

L2

12 EIL3

b

AEL

d

c

EA/L = 30,0002 EI/L = 3,2004 EI/L = 6,4006 EI/L2 = 1,20012EI/L3= 300

30,000 30,0001,200

300

61

Page 62: Stiffness 5

First column in Stiffness matrix

b c

d

c

30,000 30,0001,200

300

a

b

d

c

d1

d2

d3 d4

d5d6

k11

=

k21

k31

k41

k51

k61

30,3000

1,200-30,000

00

62

Page 63: Stiffness 5

Second column in Stiffness matrix

d2 =1

d2

a

b

d

c

63

Page 64: Stiffness 5

b c

a

AEL

6 EIL2

12 EIL3

Second column in Stiffness matrix

1

1

12 EIL3

6 EIL2

b

d

c

EA/L = 30,0002 EI/L = 3,2004 EI/L = 6,4006 EI/L2 = 1,20012EI/L3= 300

30,0001,200

300

1,200

300

64

Page 65: Stiffness 5

Second column in Stiffness matrix

30,0001,200

300

1,200

300

a

b

d

c

d1

d2

d3 d4

d5d6

k12

=

k22

k32

k42

k52

k62

30,3000

1,200

-300

0

1,20065

Page 66: Stiffness 5

Third column in Stiffness matrix

d3 =1d3

a

b

d

c

66

Page 67: Stiffness 5

Third column in Stiffness matrix

a

1 6 EIL2

4 EIL

6 EIL2

6 EIL2

4 EIL

2 EIL

1

d

c

EA/L = 30,0002 EI/L = 3,2004 EI/L = 6,4006 EI/L2 = 1,20012EI/L3= 300

6,4006,400

3,200

1,2001,200

1,200b c

67

Page 68: Stiffness 5

Third column in Stiffness matrix

ad

c

6,400 6,400

3,200

1,200

1,2001,200

b

a

b

d

c

d1

d2

d3 d4

d5d6

k13

=

k23

k33

k43

k53

k63

1,2001,200

12,800

-1,200

0

3,200 68

Page 69: Stiffness 5

Fourth column in Stiffness matrix

d4 =1

d4

a

b

d

cc

69

Page 70: Stiffness 5

b c

d

1 AEL 1 6 EI

L2

12 EIL3

c

Fourth column in Stiffness matrix

a

b

AEL

EA/L = 30,0002 EI/L = 3,2004 EI/L = 6,4006 EI/L2 = 1,20012EI/L3= 300

30,000 30,000 1,200

300

70

Page 71: Stiffness 5

Fourth column in Stiffness matrix

a

b

30,000 30,0001,200

300

a

b

d

c

d1

d2

d3 d4

d5d6

k14

=

k24

k34

k44

k54

k64

0-30,000

0

0

30,300

1,200

71

Page 72: Stiffness 5

Fifth column in Stiffness matrix

d5 =1

d5

a

b

d

c

72

Page 73: Stiffness 5

b c

d

AEL

6 EIL2

12 EIL3

11

Fifth column in Stiffness matrix

a

b

c

6 EIL2

12 EIL3

EA/L = 30,0002 EI/L = 3,2004 EI/L = 6,4006 EI/L2 = 1,20012EI/L3= 300

30,000

1,200

1,200300

300

73

Page 74: Stiffness 5

Fifth column in Stiffness matrix

a

b

30,000

1,200

1,200300

300

a

b

d

c

d1

d2

d3 d4

d5d6

k15

=

k25

k35

k45

k55

k65

-3000

-1,200

30,300

0

-1,20074

Page 75: Stiffness 5

Sixth column in Stiffness matrix

d6 =1

d6

a

b

d

c

75

Page 76: Stiffness 5

b c

d

1

1

4 EIL

6 EIL2

4 EIL

6 EIL2

Sixth column in Stiffness matrix

a

b

c

2 EIL

6 EIL2

EA/L = 30,0002 EI/L = 3,2004 EI/L = 6,4006 EI/L2 = 1,20012EI/L3= 300

3,200 6,4006,400

1,2001,200

1,200

76

Page 77: Stiffness 5

b c

d

Sixth column in Stiffness matrix

a

bc

3,200 6,400

6,400

1,200 1,200 1,200

a

b

d

c

d1

d2

d3 d4

d5d6

k16

=

k26

k36

k46

k56

k66

1,2000

3,200

-1,200

1,200

12,80077

Page 78: Stiffness 5

k11

=

k21

k31

k41

k51

k61

30,3000

1,200-30,000

00

k12

=

k22

k32

k42

k52

k62

30,3000

1,200

-300

0

1,200

k13

=

k23

k33

k43

k53

k63

1,2001,200

12,800

-1,200

0

3,200

k14

=

k24

k34

k44

k54

k64

0-30,000

0

0

30,300

1,200

k15

=

k25

k35

k45

k55

k65

-3000

-1,200

30,300

0

-1,200

k16

=

k26

k36

k46

k56

k66

1,2000

3,200

-1,200

1,200

12,80078

Page 79: Stiffness 5

=K

30,3000

1,200-30,000

00

30,3000

1,200

-300

0

1,200

1,2001,200

12,800

-1,200

0

3,200

0-30,000

0

0

30,300

1,200

-3000

-1,200

30,300

0

-1,200

1,2000

3,200

-1,200

1,200

12,800

79

Page 80: Stiffness 5

Example 3:Construct the stiffness matrix for the shown frame where E = 106 kN/m2

8

A B

5

C

A=0.6 m2

I = 0.02 m4

A=0.4 m2

I = 0.005 m4

80

Page 81: Stiffness 5

Modeling

A

B

C

d1

d2

d3

First Model No DOF at C

81

Page 82: Stiffness 5

k11

K = k21

k31

k12

k22

k32

k13

k23

k33

Stiffness matrix

82

Page 83: Stiffness 5

First column in Stiffness matrix

d1 =1A

B

C

d1

83

Page 84: Stiffness 5

First column in Stiffness matrix

A B

C

1 AEL 1 3 EI

L2

3 EIL3

B

A B

8

5

C

A=0.6 m2

I = 0.02 m4

A=0.4 m2

I = 0.005 m4

E = 106 kN/m2

84

Page 85: Stiffness 5

First column in Stiffness matrix106x.6

8 3X106X.00552

A B

8

5

C

A=0.6 m2

I = 0.02 m4

A=0.4 m2

I = 0.005 m4

E = 106 kN/m2

3X106X.00553

75,000600

120

85

Page 86: Stiffness 5

First column in Stiffness matrix

k11

k21

k31

=

75,120

6000

A B

C

75,000600

120d1

d2

d3

86

Page 87: Stiffness 5

Second column in Stiffness matrix

d2 =1A

B

C

d2

87

Page 88: Stiffness 5

A B

C

AEL

6 EIL2

12 EIL3

Second column in Stiffness matrix

11

A B

8

5

C

A=0.6 m2

I = 0.02 m4

A=0.4 m2

I = 0.005 m4

E = 106 kN/m2

88

Page 89: Stiffness 5

A B

C

106x.45

6X106X.0282

12X106X.0283

80,000

1875469

Second column in Stiffness matrix

A B

8

5

C

A=0.6 m2

I = 0.02 m4

A=0.4 m2

I = 0.005 m4

E = 106 kN/m2

89

Page 90: Stiffness 5

A B

C

80,000

1875469

k12

k22

k32

=

080,469

-1875

Second column in Stiffness matrix

d1

d2

d3

90

Page 91: Stiffness 5

Third column in Stiffness matrix

d3 =1A

B

C

d3

91

Page 92: Stiffness 5

Third column in Stiffness matrix

A

B

C

1

1

4 EIL

6 EIL2

3 EIL

3 EIL2

A B

8

5

C

A=0.6 m2

I = 0.02 m4

A=0.4 m2

I = 0.005 m4

E = 106 kN/m2

92

Page 93: Stiffness 5

Third column in Stiffness matrix

A

B

C

1

1

6X106X.0282

4X106X.028

3X106X.00552

3X106X.0055

10,0003,000

600

1875A B

8

5

C

A=0.6 m2

I = 0.02 m4

A=0.4 m2

I = 0.005 m4

E = 106 kN/m2

93

Page 94: Stiffness 5

Third column in Stiffness matrix

A

B

C

10,0003,000

600

1875

d1

d2

d3

k13

k23

k33

=

600-1875

13,00094

Page 95: Stiffness 5

k11

k21

k31

=

75,120

600

0k12

k22

k32

=

080,469

-1875

k13

k23

k33

=

600-1875

13,000

K =

75,120

600

00

80,469

-1875

600-1875

13,000

95

Page 96: Stiffness 5

Modeling

A

B

C

d1

d2

d3

Second Model Take DOF at C

d4

96

Page 97: Stiffness 5

k11

K =k21

k31

k12

k22

k32

k13

k23

k33

Stiffness matrix

k41 k42 k43

k14

k24

k34

k44

97

Page 98: Stiffness 5

First column in Stiffness matrix

d1 =1A

B

C

d1

98

Page 99: Stiffness 5

First column in Stiffness matrix

A B

C

1 AEL 1 6 EI

L2

12 EIL3

B

6 EIL2

A B

8

5

C

A=0.6 m2

I = 0.02 m4

A=0.4 m2

I = 0.005 m4

E = 106 kN/m2

99

Page 100: Stiffness 5

First column in Stiffness matrix106x.6

8 6X106X.00552

12X106X.00553

75,0001200

480

6X106X.00552

1200

A B

8

5

C

A=0.6 m2

I = 0.02 m4

A=0.4 m2

I = 0.005 m4

E = 106 kN/m2

100

Page 101: Stiffness 5

First column in Stiffness matrix

k11

k21

k31

=

75,480

12000

A B

C

75,0001200

480d1

d2

d3

d4

1200k41 1200

101

Page 102: Stiffness 5

Second column in Stiffness matrix

d2 =1A

B

C

d2

102

Page 103: Stiffness 5

A B

C

AEL

6 EIL2

12 EIL3

Second column in Stiffness matrix

11

A B

8

5

C

A=0.6 m2

I = 0.02 m4

A=0.4 m2

I = 0.005 m4

E = 106 kN/m2

103

Page 104: Stiffness 5

A B

C

106x.45

6X106X.0282

12X106X.0283

80,000

1875469

Second column in Stiffness matrix

A B

8

5

C

A=0.6 m2

I = 0.02 m4

A=0.4 m2

I = 0.005 m4

E = 106 kN/m2

104

Page 105: Stiffness 5

A B

C

80,000

1875469

k12

k22

k32

=

080,469

-1875

Second column in Stiffness matrix

d1

d2

d3

d4 k42 0105

Page 106: Stiffness 5

Third column in Stiffness matrix

d3 =1A

B

C

d3

106

Page 107: Stiffness 5

Third column in Stiffness matrix

A

B

C

1

1

4 EIL

6 EIL2

4 EIL

6 EIL2

A B

8

5

C

A=0.6 m2

I = 0.02 m4

A=0.4 m2

I = 0.005 m4

E = 106 kN/m2

2 EIL 107

Page 108: Stiffness 5

Third column in Stiffness matrix

A

B

C

1

1

6X106X.0282

4X106X.028

6X106X.00552

4X106X.0055

10,0004,000

1200

1875A B

8

5

C

A=0.6 m2

I = 0.02 m4

A=0.4 m2

I = 0.005 m4

E = 106 kN/m2

2X106X.0055 2,000

108

Page 109: Stiffness 5

Third column in Stiffness matrix

A B

C

10,0004,000

1200

1875

k13

k23

k33

=

1200-1875

14,000

d1

d2

d3

d4 2,000k43 2,000

109

Page 110: Stiffness 5

Fourth column in Stiffness matrix

d4 =1A

B

Cd4

110

Page 111: Stiffness 5

A B

C

1

2 EIL

6 EIL2

A B

8

5

C

A=0.6 m2

I = 0.02 m4

A=0.4 m2

I = 0.005 m4

E = 106 kN/m2

4 EIL

Fourth column in Stiffness matrix

111

Page 112: Stiffness 5

A

B

C

1

6X106X.00552

2X106X.00552,000

1200

A B

8

5

C

A=0.6 m2

I = 0.02 m4

A=0.4 m2

I = 0.005 m4

E = 106 kN/m2

4X106X.0055 4,000

Fourth column in Stiffness matrix

112

Page 113: Stiffness 5

A B

C

2,000

1200

k14

k24

k34

=

12000

2,000

d1

d2

d3

d4 4,000k44 4,000

Fourth column in Stiffness matrix

113

Page 114: Stiffness 5

K =

k11

k21

k31

=

75,480

12000

k41 1200

k12

k22

k32

=

080,469

-1875k42 0

k13

k23

k33

=

1200-1875

14,000k43 2,000

k14

k24

k34

=

12000

2,000k44 4,000

75,480

12000

1200

080,469

-18750

1200-1875

14,000

2,000

12000

2,0004,000

114

Page 115: Stiffness 5

Example 4:Construct the stiffness matrix for the shown frame where E = 106 kN/m2

8

A B

5

C

A=0.6 m2

I = 0.02 m4

A=0.4 m2

I = 0.005 m4

115

Page 116: Stiffness 5

Modeling

A

B

C

d1

d2

d3

d5

d4

116

Page 117: Stiffness 5

k11

K =

k21

k31

k12

k22

k32

k13

k23

k33

Stiffness matrix

k41 k42 k43

k14

k24

k34

k44

k51 k52 k53 k54

k15

k25

k35

k45

k55

117

Page 118: Stiffness 5

First column in Stiffness matrix

d1 =1A

B

C

d1

118

Page 119: Stiffness 5

First column in Stiffness matrix

A B

C

1 AEL 1 6 EI

L2

12 EIL3

B

6 EIL2

12 EIL3

A B

8

5

C

A=0.6 m2

I = 0.02 m4

A=0.4 m2

I = 0.005 m4

E = 106 kN/m2

119

Page 120: Stiffness 5

First column in Stiffness matrix106x.6

8 6X106X.00552

12X106X.00553

75,0001200

480

1200

A B

8

5

C

A=0.6 m2

I = 0.02 m4

A=0.4 m2

I = 0.005 m4

E = 106 kN/m2

480

120

Page 121: Stiffness 5

First column in Stiffness matrix

k11

k21

k31 =

75,480

12000

A B

C

75,0001200

480

1200

k41 - 480

d1

d2

d3

d5

d4

480

k51 1200 121

Page 122: Stiffness 5

Second column in Stiffness matrix

d2 =1A

B

C

d2

122

Page 123: Stiffness 5

A B

C

AEL

6 EIL2

12 EIL3

Second column in Stiffness matrix

11

A B

8

5

C

A=0.6 m2

I = 0.02 m4

A=0.4 m2

I = 0.005 m4

E = 106 kN/m2

123

Page 124: Stiffness 5

A B

C

106x.45

6X106X.0282

12X106X.0283

80,000

1875469

Second column in Stiffness matrix

A B

8

5

C

A=0.6 m2

I = 0.02 m4

A=0.4 m2

I = 0.005 m4

E = 106 kN/m2

124

Page 125: Stiffness 5

AB

C

80,000

1875469

k12

k22

k32

=

080,469

-1875

Second column in Stiffness matrix

k42 0

d1

d2

d3

d5

d4

k52 0125

Page 126: Stiffness 5

Third column in Stiffness matrix

d3 =1A

B

C

d3

126

Page 127: Stiffness 5

Third column in Stiffness matrix

A

B

C

1

1

4 EIL

6 EIL2

4 EIL

6 EIL2

2 EIL

A B

8

5

C

A=0.6 m2

I = 0.02 m4

A=0.4 m2

I = 0.005 m4

E = 106 kN/m2 6 EIL2

127

Page 128: Stiffness 5

Third column in Stiffness matrix

A

B

C

1

1

6X106X.0282

4X106X.028

6X106X.00552

4X106X.0055

10,0004,000

1200

1875

2X106X.0055 2,000

A B

8

5

C

A=0.6 m2

I = 0.02 m4

A=0.4 m2

I = 0.005 m4

E = 106 kN/m2 6X106X.00552

1200

128

Page 129: Stiffness 5

Third column in Stiffness matrix

A B

C

10,0004,000

1200

1875k13

k23

k33

=

1200-1875

14,000

2,000

k43 -1,200

d1

d2

d3

d5

d4

1200

k53 2,000

129

Page 130: Stiffness 5

Fourth column in Stiffness matrix

d4 =1A

B

Cd4

130

Page 131: Stiffness 5

A B

A B

8

5

C

A=0.6 m2

I = 0.02 m4

A=0.4 m2

I = 0.005 m4

E = 106 kN/m2

Fourth column in Stiffness matrix

1

6 EIL212 EI

L3

6 EIL2

12 EIL3

131

Page 132: Stiffness 5

A

B

A B

8

5

C

A=0.6 m2

I = 0.02 m4

A=0.4 m2

I = 0.005 m4

E = 106 kN/m2

Fourth column in Stiffness matrix6X106X.005

52

12X106X.00553

1200480

12X106X.00553

1200

480

6X106X.00552 132

Page 133: Stiffness 5

A B

k14

k24

k34 =

- 4800

-1,200k44 480

d1

d2

d3

d5

d4

Fourth column in Stiffness matrix

480

1200

480

1200

k54 -1,200133

Page 134: Stiffness 5

Fifth column in Stiffness matrix

d5 =1A

B

Cd5

134

Page 135: Stiffness 5

A B

C

1

2 EIL

6 EIL2

4 EIL

A B

8

5

C

A=0.6 m2

I = 0.02 m4

A=0.4 m2

I = 0.005 m4

E = 106 kN/m2

Fifth column in Stiffness matrix

6 EIL2

135

Page 136: Stiffness 5

A

B

C

1

6X106X.00552

2X106X.00552,000

1200

4X106X.0055 4,000

A B

8

5

C

A=0.6 m2

I = 0.02 m4

A=0.4 m2

I = 0.005 m4

E = 106 kN/m2

Fifth column in Stiffness matrix

6X106X.00552 1200

136

Page 137: Stiffness 5

A B

C

2,000

1200

k15

k25

k35 =

12000

2,000

4,000

k45 -1,200d1

d2

d3

d5

d4

Fifth column in Stiffness matrix

1200

k55 4,000

137

Page 138: Stiffness 5

k11

k21

k31 =

75,480

12000

k41 - 480k51 1200

k12

k22

k32 =

080,469

-1875k42 0k52 0

k13

k23

k33 =

1200-1875

14,000k43 -1,200k53 2,000

k15

k25

k35 =

12000

2,000k45 -1,200

k55 4,000

k14

k24

k34 =k44

k54

- 4800

-1,200480

-1,200138

Page 139: Stiffness 5

K =

75,480

12000

- 4801200

080,469

-187500

1200-1875

14,000-1,2002,000

12000

2,000

-1,200

4,000

- 4800

-1,200480

-1,200

139

Page 140: Stiffness 5

Example 5:Construct the stiffness matrix for the shown frame where E = 106 kN/m2

8

A

B

6

C

A=0.6 m2

I = 0.02 m4

A=0.4 m2

I = 0.005 m4

140

Page 141: Stiffness 5

Modeling

B

C

d1

d2

d3

A

141

Page 142: Stiffness 5

k11

K = k21

k31

k12

k22

k32

k13

k23

k33

Stiffness matrix

142

Page 143: Stiffness 5

First column in Stiffness matrix

d1 =1B

C

d1

A

143

Page 144: Stiffness 5

First column in Stiffness matrix

C

1 6 EIL2

12 EIL3

B

A

B

8

6

C

A=0.6 m2

I = 0.02 m4

A=0.4 m2

I = 0.005 m4

E = 106 kN/m2

144

Page 145: Stiffness 5

First column in Stiffness matrix

6X106X.00562

12X106X.00563

833.33

277.78

A

B

8

6

C

A=0.6 m2

I = 0.02 m4

A=0.4 m2

I = 0.005 m4

E = 106 kN/m2

145

Page 146: Stiffness 5

First column in Stiffness matrixsin 6EI sin

L212EI sin

L3 B

A

1

sin

cos

EA cos L

146

Page 147: Stiffness 5

First column in Stiffness matrix 6EI sinL2

12EI sinL3

B

A

EA cos L

147

Page 148: Stiffness 5

First column in Stiffness matrix 6EI sinL2

12EI sinL3

BA

EA cos L

EA cos2

L

EA cos sin

L

12EI sin2L3

12EI sincos

L3

EA cos2 L

12EI sin2L3+

EA cos sin

L-12EI sincos

L3

148

Page 149: Stiffness 5

First column in Stiffness matrix

6EI sinL2

B

A

EA cos2 L

12EI sin2L3+

EA cos sin

L-12EI sincos

L3

A

B

8

6

C

A=0.6 m2

I = 0.02 m

4

A=0.4 m2

I = 0.005 m4

E = 106 kN/m2

106x.610

= 60,000AEL

=6 EI

L2

12 EIL3

6X106X.02102

12X106X.02103

1200

240

=

= =

=

cos = 0.8sin = 0.6

149

Page 150: Stiffness 5

First column in Stiffness matrix

6EI sinL2

B

A

EA cos2 L

12EI sin2L3+

EA cos sin

L-12EI sincos

L3

cos = 0.8sin = 0.6

= 60,000AEL

6 EIL2

12 EIL3

= 1200 = 240

60,000x0.64+240x0.36

60,000x0.48- 240x0.48

38,486.4

28,684.8

1200x0.6 720

150

Page 151: Stiffness 5

First column in Stiffness matrix

B

A

38,486.428,684.8

720

38,764.18

28,684.8

1553.33

k11

k21

k31

=

38,764.18

1553.3328,684.8

833.33

277.78

151

Page 152: Stiffness 5

Second column in Stiffness matrix

d2 =1

B

C

d2

A

152

Page 153: Stiffness 5

C

AEL

Second column in Stiffness matrix

1

106x.46

A

B

8

6

C

A=0.6 m2

I = 0.02 m

4

A=0.4 m2

I = 0.005 m4

E = 106 kN/m2

66,666.67

153

Page 154: Stiffness 5

6EI cosL2

12EI cosL3

B

A

1

cos

sin EA sin

Lcos sin

Second column in Stiffness matrix

154

Page 155: Stiffness 5

6EI cosL2

12EI cosL3

B

A

EA sin L

Second column in Stiffness matrix

155

Page 156: Stiffness 5

6EI cosL2

12EI cosL3

BA

EA sin L

EA sin2 L

EA sin cos

L

12EI cos2L3

12EI cossin

L3

EA sin2 L

12EI cos2L3+

EA sincos

L-12EI cossin

L3

Second column in Stiffness matrix

156

Page 157: Stiffness 5

6EI cosL2

B

A A

B

8

6

C

A=0.6 m2

I = 0.02 m

4

A=0.4 m2

I = 0.005 m4

E = 106 kN/m2

106x.610

= 60,000AEL

=6 EI

L2

12 EIL3

6X106X.02102

12X106X.02103

1200

240

=

= =

=

EA sin2 L

12EI cos2L3+

EA sincos

L-12EI cossin

L3

Second column in Stiffness matrix

cos = 0.8sin = 0.6

157

Page 158: Stiffness 5

6EI cosL2

B

A

cos = 0.8sin = 0.6

= 60,000AEL

6 EIL2

12 EIL3

= 1200 = 240

60,000x0.48-240x0.48

60,000x0.36+240x0.64

28,684.8

21,753.6

1200x0.8 960

EA sin2 L

12EI cos2L3+

EA sincos

L-12EI cossin

L3

Second column in Stiffness matrix

158

Page 159: Stiffness 5

B

A

28,684.8

88,420.27

960

k12

k22

k32

=

28,684.8

- 96088,420.27

28,684.821,753.6

960

Second column in Stiffness matrix

C

66,666.67

159

Page 160: Stiffness 5

Third column in Stiffness matrix

d3 =1

B

C

d3

A

160

Page 161: Stiffness 5

Third column in Stiffness matrix

C

1A

B 1

4 EIL

6 EIL2

4 EIL

6 EIL2

161

Page 162: Stiffness 5

Third column in Stiffness matrix

C

1

4 EIL

6 EIL2

A

B

8

6

C

A=0.6 m2

I = 0.02 m4

A=0.4 m2

I = 0.005 m4

E = 106 kN/m2

6X106X.00562

4X106X.00563,333.33

833.33

162

Page 163: Stiffness 5

Third column in Stiffness matrix

A

B

4 EIL

6 EIL2

163

Page 164: Stiffness 5

Third column in Stiffness matrix

A

4 EIL

6 EIL2

6 EI sin L2

6 EI cos L2

164

Page 165: Stiffness 5

Third column in Stiffness matrix

A

4 EIL

6 EI sin L2

6 EI cos L2

A

B

8

6

C

A=0.6 m2

I = 0.02 m4

A=0.4 m2

I = 0.005 m4

E = 106 kN/m2

4X106X.0210

6X106X.02102

cos = 0.8sin = 0.6

6 EIL2

= 1,200=

720

960

8,000

165

Page 166: Stiffness 5

Third column in Stiffness matrixA

B8,000

C

3,333.33

833.33960

720

k13

k23

k33

=

1553.33-960

11,333.33

11,333.33

960

1553.33

166

Page 167: Stiffness 5

K =

k13

k23

k33

=

1553.33

-960

11,333.33

k12

k22

k32

=

28,684.8

- 960

88,420.27

k11

k21

k31

=

38,764.18

1553.33

28,684.8

1553.33

-960

11,333.33

28,684.8

- 960

88,420.27

38,764.18

1553.33

28,684.8

167

Page 168: Stiffness 5

168

Page 169: Stiffness 5

Bd4

d5

d6

A

d1

d2

d3

169

Page 170: Stiffness 5

sin 6EI sin

L212EI sin

L3 B

A

1

sin

cos

EA cos L

Horizontal Deformation

170

Page 171: Stiffness 5

6EI sinL2

12EI sinL3

B

A

EA cos L

171

Page 172: Stiffness 5

6EI sinL2

12EI sinL3

BA

EA cos L

EA cos2

L

EA cos sin

L

12EI sin2L3

12EI sincos

L3

EA cos2 L

12EI sin2L3+

EA cos sin

L-12EI sincos

L3

172

Page 173: Stiffness 5

6EI sinL2

EA cos2 L

12EI sin2L3+

EA cos sin

L-12EI sincos

L3

6EI sinL2

6EI sinL2

EA cos2 L

12EI sin2L3+

EA cos sin

L-12EI sincos

L3

173

Page 174: Stiffness 5

6EI cosL2

12EI cosL3

B

A

1

cos

sin EA sin

Lcos sin

Vertical Deformation

174

Page 175: Stiffness 5

6EI cosL2

12EI cosL3

B

A

EA sin L

175

Page 176: Stiffness 5

6EI cosL2

12EI cosL3

BA

EA sin L

EA sin2 L

EA sin cos

L

12EI cos2L3

12EI cossin

L3

EA sin2 L

12EI cos2L3+

EA sincos

L-12EI cossin

L3 176

Page 177: Stiffness 5

6EI cosL2

EA sin2 L

12EI cos2L3+

EA sincos

L-12EI cossin

L3

6EI cosL2

EA sincos

L-12EI cossin

L3

EA sin2 L

12EI cos2L3+

6EI cosL2

-177

Page 178: Stiffness 5

1

4 EIL

6 EIL2

2 EIL

Rotational Deformation

178

Page 179: Stiffness 5

A

B

4 EIL

6 EIL2

2 EIL

179

Page 180: Stiffness 5

4 EIL

6 EIL2

6 EI sin L2

6 EI cos L2

2 EIL

180

Page 181: Stiffness 5

4 EIL

6 EI sin L2

6 EI cos L2

2 EIL

-

6 EI sin L2

6 EI cos L2

4 EIL

181

Page 182: Stiffness 5

Example 6:Construct the stiffness matrix for the shown frame where E = 106 kN/m2, A = 0.6 m2, I = .02 m4

A B

O

5

C D E

150 135 60 45

182

Page 183: Stiffness 5

Modeling

A B

O

5

C D E

150 135 60 45

d1

d2

d3

183

Page 184: Stiffness 5

k11

K = k21

k31

k12

k22

k32

k13

k23

k33

Stiffness matrix

184

Page 185: Stiffness 5

6EI sinL2

EA cos2 L

12EI sin2L3+

EA cos sin

L-12EI sincos

L3

Horizontal Deformation

185

Page 186: Stiffness 5

EA sincos

L-12EI cossin

L3

EA sin2 L

12EI cos2L3+

6EI cosL2

-

Vertical Deformation

186

Page 187: Stiffness 5

-

6 EI sin L2

6 EI cos L2

4 EIL

Rotational Deformation

187

Page 188: Stiffness 5

EA cos2 L

12EI sin2

L3+

EA cossin

L-12EI sincos

L3

6EI sin

L2

EA sincos

L-12EI cossin

L3

EA sin2 L

12EI cos2

L3+

6EI cos

L2-

6EI sin

L2

6EI cos

L2-

4 EI

L

K =

188

Page 189: Stiffness 5

member-

-

L--

EA/L-

4EI/L-

6 EI / L2

_12 EI / L3

_

OA 150 10.02 59890.5 7985.4 1195.6 238.7

OB 135 7.08 84772.3 11303.0 2395.4 676.9

OC 90 5.00 120000.0 16000.0 4800.0 1920.0

OD 60 5.77 103948.3 13859.8 3601.8 1248.0

OE 45 7.07 84879.6 11317.3 2401.5 679.5

A B

O

5

C D E

150 135 60 45

189

Page 190: Stiffness 5

Member-

cos

sin

cos2

sin2

sin cos

OA 150 -0.867 0.499 0.751 0.249 -0.432

OB 135 -0.708 0.706 0.501 0.499 -0.500

OC 90 -0.001 1.000 0.000 1.000 -0.001

OD 60 0.500 0.866 0.250 0.750 0.433

OE 45 0.707 0.707 0.500 0.500 0.500

A B

O

5

C D E

150 135 60 45

190

Page 191: Stiffness 5

EA cos2 L

12EI sin2

L3+

EA cossin

L-12EI sincos

L3

6EI sin

L2

EA sincos

L-12EI cossin

L3

EA sin2 L

12EI cos2

L3+

6EI cos

L2-

6EI sin

L2

6EI cos

L2-

4 EI

L

k11

k21

k31

k22

k32 k33

191

Page 192: Stiffness 5

member k11 k21 k31 k22 k32 k33

OA 45031.92 -25798.5 297.8152 15097.23 1036.069 7985.394

OB 42804.35 -42047.6 1195.452 42644.84 1695.443 11302.97

OC 1920.046 -74.6554 4799.996 119999.9 3.034773 16000

OD 26885.59 44448.89 2702.628 78310.72 -1799.56 13859.78

OE 42752.93 42100.08 1201.518 42806.17 -1697.59 11317.28

159394.8 18628.19 10197.41 298858.9 -762.607 60465.43

159394.8

K = 18628.19

10197.41

18628.19

298858.9

762.607

10197.41

762.607

60465.43

192

Page 193: Stiffness 5

( )cos + ( )sin

bxax

- byay

-AEL

N =

a

b

bx

by

ax

ay

[ ]

Internal forces

Normal Force

193

Page 194: Stiffness 5

Internal forces

Bending momentDue to rotational deformation

MBA=2 EI

L( + 2 ) M(FER) BA +

MAB= ( 2 + ) M(FER) AB +2 EI

L

194

Page 195: Stiffness 5

a

b

bx

by

ax

ay

( )cos

- ( )sin

bxax

-byay

- =

Internal forces

Bending momentDue to shear deformation

6EI L2

6EI

L2

195

Page 196: Stiffness 5

Internal forces

Bending moment

MBA=2 EI

L( + 2 )

M(FER) BA +

MAB= ( 2 + ) M(FER) AB +2 EI

L6EI

L2-

6EI L2

-

MAB= ( 2 + ) M(FER) AB +2 EI

L3 L-

MBA=2 EI

L( + 2 )

M(FER) BA +3 L-

196

Page 197: Stiffness 5

Example 7:Draw N.F, S.F & B.M.Ds for the shown frame where E = 106 kN/m2

8

A B

3

C

A=0.6 m2

I = 0.02 m4

A=0.4 m2

I = 0.005 m450 kN

12 kN/m

2

197

Page 198: Stiffness 5

Modeling

A

B

C

d1

d2

d3

d5

d4

198

Page 199: Stiffness 5

K =

75,480

12000

- 4801200

080,469

-187500

1200-1875

14,000-1,2002,000

12000

2,000

-1,200

4,000

- 4800

-1,200480

-1,200

From Example 4 :

199

Page 200: Stiffness 5

Force vector

8

A B

C

A=0.6 m2

I = 0.02 m4

A=0.4 m2

I = 0.005 m450 kN

12 kN/m

3

2

200

Page 201: Stiffness 5

Force vector

8

A

12 kN/m

B

64 kNm12x82

12 64 kNm

48 kN 48 kN

201

Page 202: Stiffness 5

Force vector

B

C

50 kN

3

2

24 kNm

50x2x32

52

36 kNm

32.4 kN

50x3x22

52

17.6 kN

202

Page 203: Stiffness 5

Force vector

A B

64 kNm 64 kNm

48 kN 48 kN B

C

24 kNm

36 kNm

32.4 kN

17.6 kN

Fixed End Reaction

(FER)

203

Page 204: Stiffness 5

Force vector

A B

64 kNm 64 kNm

48 kN 48 kN B

C

24 kNm

36 kNm

32.4 kN

17.6 kN

Fixed End Action (FEA)

AB

C

d1

d2

d3

d5 d4

F =

F1 -17.6

=

F2 - 48F3 40F4 -32.4

F5 36204

Page 205: Stiffness 5

F = K D

d1

d2

-17.6

=- 4840

-32.4

36

75,480

12000

- 4801200

080,469

-187500

1200-1875

14,000-1,2002,000

12000

2,000

-1,200

4,000

- 4800

-1,200480

-1,200

d3

d4

d5

205

Page 206: Stiffness 5

D = K-1 F

d1

d2

-17.6

=- 4840

-32.4

36

75,480

12000

- 4801200

080,469

-187500

1200-1875

14,000-1,2002,000

12000

2,000

-1,200

4,000

- 4800

-1,200480

-1,200

d3

d4

d5

-1

206

Page 207: Stiffness 5

D = K-1 F

d1

d2

- 0.0007

=- 0.0008- 0.0088- 0.2244

- 0.0538

d3

d4

d5

207

Page 208: Stiffness 5

Internal forcesd1d2

- 0.0007

=

- 0.0008

- 0.0088

- 0.2244

- 0.0538

d3

d4

d5

AB

C

d1

d2

d3

d5 d4

Bending moment

A=0.6 m2

I = 0.02 m4

A=0.4 m2

I = 0.005 m4

E = 106 kN/m2

EIAB = 2x104

EIBC = 5x103

208

Page 209: Stiffness 5

Force vector

A B

64 kNm 64 kNm

48 kN 48 kN B

C

24 kNm

36 kNm

32.4 kN

17.6 kN

Fixed End Reaction

(FER)

209

Page 210: Stiffness 5

= 64 + 2x2x104/8 (-.0088-3x-.0008/8) = 21.75

A B

64 kNm 64 kNm

48 kN 48 kN

d1d2

- 0.0007

=

- 0.0008

- 0.0088

- 0.2244

- 0.0538

d3

d4

d5

MAB= ( 2 + ) M(FER) AB +2 EI

L3 L-

MBA=2 EI

L( + 2 )

M(FER) BA +3 L-

= -64 + 2x2x104/8 (2x-.0088-3x-.0008/8) = -150

d1

d2d3

d5d4

210

Page 211: Stiffness 5

= 24 + 2x5x103/5 (2x-.0088-.0538-3x-.2237/5) = 150

d1d2

- 0.0007

=

- 0.0008

- 0.0088

- 0.2244

- 0.0538

d3

d4

d5

MBC= ( 2 + )B CM(FER) AB +2 EI

L3 L-

MCB=2 EI

L( + 2 )B CM(FER) BA +

3 L-

= -36 + 2x5x103/5 (-.0088+2x-.0538-3x-.2237/5) = 0

B

C

24 kNm

36 kNm

17.6 kN

=d4- d1=-0.2237

d1

d2d3

d5d4

211

Page 212: Stiffness 5

A

12 kN/m

B

21.75 kNm 150 kNm

48 kN 48 kN

16 kN 16 kN

32 kN 64 kN

B

C

50 kN

150 kNm

0 kN

50 kN3

28

212

Page 213: Stiffness 5

Internal forcesd1d2

- 0.0007

=

- 0.0008

- 0.0088

- 0.2244

- 0.0538

d3

d4

d5

AB

C

d1

d2

d3

d5 d4

A=0.6 m2

I = 0.02 m4

A=0.4 m2

I = 0.005 m4

E = 106 kN/m2

EAAB = 6x105

EABC = 4x105

Normal Force AEL

N =

NAB = 6x105 /8 x -.0007 = - 50NBC = 4x105 /5 x -.0008 = - 64

213

Page 214: Stiffness 5

A B 64 kN

B

C

50 kN

214

Page 215: Stiffness 5

A

12 kN/m

B

21.75 kNm 150 kNm

32 kN 64 kN B

C

50 kN

150 kNm

50 kN

64 kN50 kN

215

Page 216: Stiffness 5

A

12 kN/m

B

21.75 kNm 150 kNm

32 kN 64 kN B

C

50 kN

150 kNm

50 kN

64 kN50 kN

N.F.D

50

64

-

-

216

Page 217: Stiffness 5

A

12 kN/m

B

21.75 kNm 150 kNm

32 kN 64 kN B

C

50 kN

150 kNm

50 kN

64 kN50 kN

S.F.D

64

50

50

32

-

+

+

217

Page 218: Stiffness 5

A

12 kN/m

B

21.75 kNm 150 kNm

32 kN 64 kNB

C

50 kN

150 kNm

50 kN

64 kN

50 kN

B.M.D

-

15021.75

15085.875

96

10.125

--+

218

Page 219: Stiffness 5

Summary

219

Page 220: Stiffness 5

d1

d2

d3

220

Page 221: Stiffness 5

AEL

AEL

AEL

AEL

221

Page 222: Stiffness 5

6 EI

L2

6 EIL2

12 EIL3

12 EIL3

222

Page 223: Stiffness 5

6 EIL2

6 EIL2

12 EIL3

12 EIL3

223

Page 224: Stiffness 5

3 EIL2

3 EIL3

3 EIL3

224

Page 225: Stiffness 5

3 EIL2

3 EIL3

3 EIL3

225

Page 226: Stiffness 5

4 EIL

2 EIL

6 EIL2

6 EIL2

226

Page 227: Stiffness 5

4 EIL

2 EIL

6 EIL2

6 EIL2

227

Page 228: Stiffness 5

3 EIL 3 EI

L2

3 EIL2

228

Page 229: Stiffness 5

3 EIL

3 EIL2

3 EIL2

229

Page 230: Stiffness 5

6EI sinL2

EA cos2 L

12EI sin2L3+

EA cos sin

L-12EI sincos

L3

6EI sinL2

6EI sinL2

EA cos2 L

12EI sin2L3+

EA cos sin

L-12EI sincos

L3

Horizontal Deformation

230

Page 231: Stiffness 5

6EI cosL2

EA sin2 L

12EI cos2L3+

EA sincos

L-12EI cossin

L3

6EI cosL2

EA sincos

L-12EI cossin

L3

EA sin2 L

12EI cos2L3+

6EI cosL2

-

Vertical Deformation

231

Page 232: Stiffness 5

4 EIL

6 EI sin L2

6 EI cos L2

2 EIL

-

6 EI sin L2

6 EI cos L2

4 EIL

Rotational Deformation

232

Page 233: Stiffness 5

( )cos + ( )sin

bxax

- byay

-AEL

N =

a

b

bx

by

ax

ay

[ ]

Internal forces

Normal Force

233

Page 234: Stiffness 5

Internal forces

Bending moment

MAB= ( 2 + ) M(FER) AB +2 EI

L3 L-

MBA=2 EI

L( + 2 )

M(FER) BA +3 L-

234

Page 235: Stiffness 5

Questions

235