9/25/18

1

Automa.city

blue

AnincongruentStroops.mulus

brown

red

purple

pink

green

blue

yellow

blue

clap!

ReadthewordNametheinkcolor

Stroopeffect

•  TheStroopeffect:–  Incongruentmeaningsinterferewithcolornames

•  Namingacolorisacontrolledprocess– RequiresaFen.on

•  Readingawordisanautoma1cprocess– Occursonitsown,requiringliFletonoaFen.on– RequiresaFen.ontoinhibitreading

SensemakingSleep

Sensemaking

•  The(human)brainseemstohaveasense-makingprocess– Gazzaniga’s“interpreter”(Severedcorpuscallosum)– The“synthesis”intheac.va.on-synthesismodelofdreams

– Seeitworkingtomakesenseofthingsthatdon’tmakeanysense•  Split-brainpa.ents,delusions,dreams

9/25/18

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Bell+Musicexample(fromSeveredcorpuscallosumvideo)

•  S.mulus:“Bell+Music”•  Joe’srighthemispherechoosesbells

•  Joe’sleXhemisphere…– saw“Music”– nowseeshimchoosingbells

•  Joe’sleXhemisphereconnectsthetwo:– “Music…last.meIheardanymusicwascomingfromthebellsouthere,bangingaway”

– Sosense-makingisprobablyleXlateralized

Split-brainpa1entPSPSfoveatesdotinmiddleofscreenScenes(snow,claw)flashbrieflyPSisaskedtopointtothecardsthatwentwiththepicture;isfreetoviewbothhandsExperimenter:Whydidyouchoosethoseitems?PS:Oh,that’ssimple.Thechickenclawgoeswiththechicken,andyouneedashoveltocleanoutthechickenshed.

(Cooney&Gazzaniga,2003)

Pa.entDB(Breenetal.,2000)

•  76-year-oldwidowwhosufferedastroke•  Wellorientedfor.me,person,place•  Noevidenceofdemen.aoramnesia•  Buthaddelusionsofmisiden1fica1on– Delusion:Afixed,falsebelief– Hardtomakesenseoutofsomethingthat’sfalse

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Dreams

•  Theac1va1on-synthesismodel:– Ac.va.on:DuringREMsleep,signalstravelfrombrainstemtothalamustovisualareasofcortex•  Mimickingvisualsensa.ons

– Synthesis:Braintriestomakesenseoftheresul.ngimages

Somefunc.onalrolesofsleep

•  Forconsolida.nglearnedknowledge– Factsandskills

•  Forgaininginsights(“incuba.on”)– Sleepmadepeopleabout3.mesaslikelytodiscoveraproblem-solvingshortcut(Wagneretal.,2004,Nature)

•  Exam1willnotcoverpp.234-235– Technicaldetailsofsleep-wakecycles