Su Dung He Thong Windows Server 2008 Nhu Router NAT - Smith.N Studio

7/29/2019 Su Dung He Thong Windows Server 2008 Nhu Router NAT - Smith.N Studio

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Chuyn trang dnh cho k thut vin tin hc

CHIA S - KINH NGHIM - HC TP - TH THUT

S dng h thng Windows Server 2008 nh Router NAT

Trong bi vit ny chng ta s tin hnh ci t mt h thng mng th nghim s dng mtrouter DSL kt ni Internet.

H thng mng th nghim ny cn c ci t trn mt h thng mng th cp c kt ni Internet.Trong mng ny, chng ta s ci t Windows Server 2008 trn mt my tnh khng s dng ti, mytnh ny s c hai card giao tip mng (NIC). Sau s ci t dch v Routing and Remote AccessService, v s dng my tnh ny nh mt router gia mng th nghim v mng lm vic.

Hnh 1: M hnh t chc mng s dng RRAS nh mt router kt ni ti hai mng th cp.

V c bn, chng ta c th thc hin theo hai phng php. Th nht, cu hnh h thng RRAS nh mtIP router chuyn tip lu lng gia hai mng th cp. Thao tc ny s cho php cc my trm trnmng th nghim gi thng tin ti my ch trn Internet, tuy nhin, lu lng s khng c php trv cho cc my trm. l do mt gi tin c gi qua DSL router t Internet s c iu hng ti

mng c a ch Ip 172.16.11.0, do d liu ny s khng th tip cn vi my trm trn mng c ach IP 10.0.0.0. Gii php khc phc vn ny l s dng thm mt router tnh vo DSL router gipchuyn tip trc tip mi d liu ti ch n khc c xc nh. Tuy nhin, chng ta khng cquyn truy cp qun tr vo router DSL v router ny c qun tr vi nh cung cp dch v Internet,do phng php ny khng kh thi.

Chng ta c th p dng phng php th hai l cu hnh h thng RRAS nh mt router NetworkAddress Translation (NAT). NAT l mt chun IETF cung cp phng php thng dch cc a ch IPv4ca nhng my tnh trn mt mng sang nhng a ch IPv4 ca nhng my tnh trn mt mng khc.Tt nhin, router DSL trn mng lm vic cng c cu hnh nh mt router NAT, do kt qu ca

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phng php ny s to ra NAT tng hay NAT kp. Kt ni Internet vn hnh n nh qua hai, hay thmch 3 NAT tng, mc d mt vi ng dng c th c vn pht sinh vi kiu cu trc lin kt mngny. V d, Windows Home Server khng h tr cc NAT tng.

Ci t my ch

Trc tin, h iu hnh Windows Server 2008 s c ci t trn my tnh c hai card giao tip mng(NIC), v cc ci t IPv4 ca mi NIC c cu hnh nh sau:

NIC kt ni ti mng LAN th nghim

IP address l 10.0.0.1

Subnet mask l 255.0.0.0

Default gateway trng

DNS servers trng

NIC kt ni ti mng LAN lm vic

IP address l 172.16.11.220


Default gateway l 172.16.11.1

DNS servers l a ch IP cng cng ca cc my ch DNS ca cc nh cung cp ISP.

Lu rng NIC kt ni ti mng LAN th nghim (10.0.0.0) s khng c Default gateway v nhng my

tnh kt ni vi nhiu mng ch c gn mt a ch cng ni. Ngoi ra, NIC kt ni ti mng LAN thnghim ny c cu hnh vi a ch IP ca cc mu ch DNS cng cng. iu ny khng cn thit cc my trm trn mng th nghim c th truy cp vo Internet, nhng nu chng ta mun truycp Internet ngay trn my ch RRAS th khng c b qua thao tc ny.

Ci t my trm trn mng th nghim

Tip theo, h iu hnh Windows 7 s c ci t trn cc my trm, sau ci t IPv4 s c cuhnh nh sau:

IP address l 10.0.0.101 (.102, .103, )


Default gateway l 10.0.0.1 (Giao tip k cn ca h thng RRAS)

DNS servers l a ch IP cng cng ca my ch DNS ca ISP m chng ta ang s dng .

Lc ny, mi dy cp c kt ni, nhng nu chng ta th ping router DSL t mt my trm trnmng th nghim, hay nu chng ta theo di iu hng mt a ch trn mng cng cng t cng mtmy trm, th nhng thng bo tht bi s cho bit mng th nghim cha c kt ni Internet nhtrong hnh 2.

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Hnh 2: Khng th ping mt a ch IP cng cng t mt my trm trn mng th nghim.

Khi , chng ta cng khng th truy cp vo Internet t my trm.

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Hnh 3: Tuy cp Web tht bi.Ci t v cu hnh RRAS

kch hot my trm trn mng th nghim truy cp Internet, chng ta cn ci t RRAS trn mych, sau cu hnh my ch nh mt router NAT. ci t tnh nng RRAS, khi chy Add RolesWizard tServer Manager hay OOBE.exe ri b sung role Network Policy and Access Services(hnh 4).

Hnh 4: La chn role Network Policy and Access Services.

Trn trang tip theo ca Wizard ny, la chn Routing and Remote Access Services ci t haidch v chc nng, gm Remote Access Service v Routing.

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Hnh 5: La chn Routing and Remote Access Services.

Khi hon thnh cc bc trn Wizard ny, m Routing and Remote Access console tAdministrative Tools, phi chut ln my ch cc b chn Configure and Enable Routing andRemote Access khi chy Routing and Remote Access Server Setup Wizard. Sau la chn

ty chn Network Address Translation (NAT) trn trang Configuration ca Wizard ny ri nhnNext.

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Hnh 6: Cu hnh RRAS.

Tip theo, trn trang NAT Internet Connection, chng ta s la chn giao tip mng trn mng LANlm vic m l giao tip cng cng ca router NAT.

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Hnh 7: La chn giao tip mng trn mng LAN lm vic.

Trang tip theo s hi chng ta xem router NAT c cn cung cp cung cp cc dch v DNS v DHCP tinhng my tnh trong mng th nghim (mng ny c kt ni ti giao tip ring t ca router NAT).V tt c my trm u c gn a ch IP tnh nn chng ta s khng thc thc hin tc v ny bngcch la chn ty chn I will set up name and address services later.

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Hnh 8: La chn ty chn I will set up name and address services later trn trangName and Address Translation Wizard.

Sau khi hon thnh cc bc trn Wizard ny, dch v RRAS s khi chy, v dch v ny c cu hnhcho c IPv4 Routing v NAT. xc nhn thng tin ny, phi chut ln my ch cc b trong RRAS

Console chn Properties. Tab General cho thy IPv4 Routing c kch hot, c ngha l nhng gitin IPv4c th c chuyn tip t NIC ny sang NIC khc.

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Hnh 9: Hp thoi Properties ca my ch cc b.

Khi la chn node NAT trong RRAS Console chng ta s thy cc giao tip mng c to khi NATc cu hnh trn my ch s dng Routing and Remote Access Server Setup Wizard. Hnh 10hin th thuc tnh ca Local Area Connection (Kt ni cc b), trong trng hp ny l kt ni mng

ti mng mng th nghim (10.0.0.0). Lu rng NAT s coi mng ny l mng ring t, l mngpha sau router NAT.

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Hnh 10: Hp thoi thuc tnh ca Local Area Connection.

Hnh 11 hin th thuc tnh ca Local Area Connection 2, trong trng hp ny l mng lm vic(172.16.11.0). Lu rng NAT coi mng ny l mng cng cng, l mng pha trc ca router NAT.

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Hnh 11: Hp thoi thuc tnh ca Local Area Connection 2.

Giao tip mng ni b cng c b sung vo cu hnh NAT nh mt giao tip ring t.

Th nghim NAT

Cho n gi, NAT c cu hnh vi IP Routing, nu chng ta th ping router DSL t mt my trmtrn mng th nghim, hay theo di t mt my trm ny ti mt my ch trn mng Internet, thnhng tin trnh ny s thc hin c.

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Hnh 12: Kt ni mng c xc nhn gia mng th nghim v Internet.

Ngoi ra, chng ta cng c th trnh duyt Web t mt my trm trn mng th nghim.

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Hnh 13: Nhng my tnh pha sau router NAT c th trnh duyt Web.

Chng ta c th kim sot s hot ng ca NAT bng RRAS Console. thc hin tc v ny, mRRAS Console ri la chn node NAT, ng thi kim tra d liu mng ca Local Area C onnection 2(giao tip NAT ti Internet hay ti mng cng cng) nh trong hnh 14.

Hnh 14: Kim tra s hot ng ca NAT.

Sau cng, pha chut ln giao tip ny chn Show Mappings, chng ta c th m mt ca s mi hinth thng tin chi tit nhng g m router NAT ang thc hin (hnh 15).

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Hnh 15: Thng tin chi tit v hot ng ca NAT.

Kt lun

Vi vic tn dng tnh nng Network Address Translation and IP Routing ca RRAS trong Windows

Server 2008, chng ta c th thit lp mt mng th nghim th cp trn h thng mng chnh, ngthi m bo rng mi my tnh trn h thng mng th cp ny c th kt ni Internet.

Xian (T heo W indowsNetworking)

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Su Dung He Thong Windows Server 2008 Nhu Router NAT - Smith.N Studio