Subject: Mechanical Engineering IJRIME · INTRODUCTION TO FEA Ma • Fixed pitch propeller (FP-propeller) • Controllable pitch propeller (CP-propeller) Modeling Co-ordinate to construct

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND INNOVATION

™©all copyrights reserved [email protected] | [email protected]

776

Subject: Mechanical Engineering IJRIME

STRUCTURAL AND FATIGUE ANALYSIS OF COMPOSITE PROPELLER OF SHIP USING FEA

T.Sowmya1, Sripada Naga Surya Maruthy Vijay2. 1 Research Scholar, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aditya Engineering College, Surampalem, Andhra Pradesh, India. 2 Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aditya Engineering College, Surampalem, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Abstract

Currently reinforced composites (FRP/CRFP) are widely used in naval applications. Ships and under water vehicles like

torpedoes, Submarines etc., these weapons require propeller to drive the vehicle. In general the propeller will be used

as propulsions and it also used to develop significant thrust to propel the vehicle at its operational speed.

This project work is to provide optimum solution for the selection of material and layer matrix orientation and selection

of no. of layer.

Structural and fatigue analysis will be done in ansys workbench to find out structural and fatigue results for different

composite materials; model analysis will be conducted to evaluate natural frequency value to ensure frequency with in

+/- 65 Hz difference.

From the above analysis results suitable material will be selected for further study.

Structural analysis will be conductor on propeller by using layers method; different layer orientation combinations and

layers quantities will be analyses to find optimum solution.

Tables and graphs will be prepared to evaluate results with ease; conclusion will be made according to the obtained

results.

Key words: propeller, composite material, ship, Ansys, FEM.

*Corresponding Author:

T.Sowmya, Research Scholar,

Department of Mechanical Engineering,

Aditya Engineering College, Surampalem,

Andhra Pradesh, India.

Email: [email protected].

Year of publication: 2017

Paper Type: Review paper

Review Type: peer reviewed

Volume: IV, Issue: II

*Citation: T.Sowmya, Research Scholar, "Structural

and Fatigue Analysis of Composite Propeller of Ship

Using FEA" International Journal of Research and

Innovation (IJRI) 4.2 (2017) 776-787.

Introduction to ship propeller

For the purpose of this paper, the term “ship” is used to

denote a vehicle employed to transport goods and

persons from one point to another over water. Ship

propulsion normally occurs with the help of a



777

propeller/screw, inter alia in combinations such as a

“twin-screw” propulsion plant.

Today, the primary source of propeller power is the

diesel engine, and the power requirement and rate of

revolution very much depend on the ship’s hull form

and the propeller design.

Propeller types

Propellers may be divided into the following two main

groups.

• Fixed pitch propeller (FP-propeller)

• Controllable pitch propeller (CP-propeller)

Modeling

Co-ordinate to construct propeller outer boundry.

INTRODUCTION TO FEA

Finite element analysis is one of the well-known numerical solution to solve complex problems in efficient way; analytical method doesn’t provide solution for all the geometry’s and also it doesn’t consider different types of

boundary and lode conditions also the thickness will be the one of the obstacle for analytical by overcoming above problems numerical methods are designed. Material 1

Name : Mild steel

Yield strength : 5.5e+008N/m2

Tensile strength : 3e+007 N/m2

Elastic modulus : 2.6e+011 N/m2

Poisson’s ratio : 0.266

Density : 7860kg/m3

Shear modulus : 30189e+008N/m2

Material 2

ALUMINUM A360

Material 3

Name : S-glass epoxy

Yield strength : 4.585e+009N/m2

Tensile strength : 3e+007 N/m2

Elastic modulus :

EX-96300

EY-8500

EZ-8500

Poisson’s ratio :

PRXY-0.295

PRYZ-0.295



778

PRXZ-0.295

Density : 2490kg/m3

Shear modulus :

GXY-3000

GYZ-1300

GXZ-1300

Maximum lode to analyses the propeller 1.6 KPa

STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF PROPELLER OF

SHIP

Material 1

The above image shows stress. Von Mises stress is

widely used by designers to check whether their design

will withstand a given load condition. Von Mises stress

is considered to be a safe haven for design engineers.

Using this information an engineer can say his design

will fail, if the maximum value of Von Mises stress

induced in the material is more than strength of the

material. It works well for most cases, especially when

the material is ductile in nature.

The above image shows safety margin

FATIGUE ANALYSIS OF PROPELLER OF SHIP

The above image shows life. Life over the model. This

result can be over the whole model or scoped to a given

part or surface. This result contour plot shows the

available life for the given fatigue analysis. If loading is

of constant amplitude, this represents the number of

cycles until the part will fail due to fatigue.

The above image shows Factor of safety. Factor of

safety with respect to a fatigue failure at a given design

life. The maximum FS reported is 15. Like damage and

life, this result may be scoped.



779


SHIP

Material -2

The above image shows stress. Von Mises stress is

widely used by designers to check whether their design

will withstand a given load condition. Von Mises stress

is considered to be a safe haven for design engineers.

Using this information an engineer can say his design

will fail, if the maximum value of Von Mises stress

induced in the material is more than strength of the

material. It works well for most cases, especially when

the material is ductile in nature.

The above image shows safety margin


The above image shows life. Life over the model. This

result can be over the whole model or scoped to a given

part or surface. This result contour plot shows the




The above image shows Factor of safety. Factor of

safety with respect to a fatigue failure at a given design

life. The maximum FS reported is 15. Like damage and

life, this result may be scoped.



780


SHIP

Material -3

The above image shows stress.

Von Mises stress is widely used by designers to check

whether their design will withstand a given load

condition. Von Mises stress is considered to be a safe

haven for design engineers. Using this information an

engineer can say his design will fail, if the maximum

value of Von Mises stress induced in the material is

more than strength of the material. It works well for

most cases, especially when the material is ductile in

nature.

The above image shows stress ratio


The above image shows life. Life over the model.

This result can be over the whole model or scoped to a

given part or surface. This result contour plot shows the




The above image shows Factor of safety.

Factor of safety with respect to a fatigue failure at a

given design life. The maximum FS reported is 15.

Like damage and life, this result may be scoped.



781

ANSYS APDL ANALYSIS FOR LAYER MATRIX

Ansys layer orientation

0-45-0

The above image is showing imported model of surface

object

The above image is showing meshed object; meshing is

used to deconstruct the object in to fine number of

questions

The above image is showing meshed object; meshing is

used to deconstruct the object in to fine number of

questions

Above image is displaying the deformation vector sum

result of composite propeller with 0-45-0 layer

orientations



782

Above image is displaying von-misses stress/ equalent

the result of composite propeller with 0-45-0 layer

orientations


90-45-90



orientations



orientations

Above image is displaying the total strain result of

composite propeller with 90-45-90 layer orientations


0-45-90



orientations



783



orientations

Above image is displaying the total strain result of

composite propeller with 0-45-90 layer orientations


90-45-0-45-90


result of composite propeller with 90-45-0-45-90 layer

orientations


the result of composite propeller with 0-45-90- -45-0

layer orientations


90- -45-90-45-90



784


the result of composite propeller with 90- -45-90-45-90

layer orientations


0-45-0-45-0-45-0


the result of composite propeller with 0-45-0-45-0-45-0

layer orientations


0-45-90—45-90-45-0


the result of composite propeller with 0-45-90—45-90-

45-0layer orientations


90- -45-0-45-0- -45-90



785


the result of composite propeller with 90- -45-0-45-0- -

45-90 layer orientations

STRUCTRAL ANALSYS

Low

carbon

steel

Al 360f S-2 Glass

Composit

e (CRFP)

DEFORMATIO

N

0.1224

9

0.348 0.02579

STRESS 18.74 18.576 16.82

STRAIN 9.4 -5 0.00027

1

1.95-5

STRESS RATIO 0.074 0.158 0.00366

SAFTY

MARGINE

12.34 5.298 14

FATIGUE ANALASYS

Low

carbon

steel

Al 360f S-2 Glass

Composite

(CRFP)

LIFE 5-11/1.62-

10

5-11/1.68-

10

5-11/2.41-10

SAFTY

FACTOR

2.3533 2.374 2.62

B.I 0.99656 0.96289 0.9805

MODEL ANALASYS

Low

carbon

steel

Al 360f S-2 Glass

Composite

(CRFP)

MODEL-1 15.172 26.921 20.744

MODEL-2 13.602 30.379 28.678

MODEL-3 18.965 29.461 19.51

3 LAYERS with S-2 Glass Composite (CRFP)

LAYERS 0/45/0 90/45/90 0/45/90

UX 0.1193 0.1193 0.1196

UY 0.2196 0.219 0.2208

UZ 0.1493 0.149 0.149

USUM 0.264 0.264 0.265


LAY

ERS

0/45/90/

45/0

90/45/0/

45/90

0/-

45/

90/4

5/0

0/45/

0/-

45/0

90/4

5/

90/-

45/9

0

UX 0.11966 0.1205 0.11

93

0.12

0

0.11

939

UY 0.22088 0.2189 0.21

96

0.21

8

0.21

9

UZ 0.1498 0.1471 0.14

9

0.14

7

0.14

93

USU

M

0.2655 0.2638 0.26

4

0.26

3

0.26

42


LAYE

RS

0-45-

0-45-

0-45-0

0-45-

90—

45-90-

45-0

90-45-

0- -

45-0-

45-90

0- -

45-90-

45-90-

-45-0

90/45/

90/-

45/90

UX 0.012

565

0.012

672

0.012

532

0.012

678

UY 0.023

644

0.023

797

0.023

55

0.023

806

0.012

639

UZ 0.016

842

0.016

918

0.016

676

0.016

945

0.023

628

USU

M

0.028

306

0.028

485

0.028

176

0.028

51

0.016

726



786

LAYERS 0/45/0 90/45/90 0/45/90

SX 8.6929 8.692 8.513

SY 11.312 11.131 10.7516

SZ 10.88 10.88 10.3724

SEQV 14.1122 14.1122 13.4718

LAY

ERS

0/45/90

/45/0

90/45/0/

45/90

0/-

45/90/

45/0

0/45

/0/-

45/0

90/45/

90/-

45/90

SX 8.8513 7.6 8.692 7.6 8.69

SY 10.751

6

10.79 11.31

3

10.7

92

11.31

32

SZ 10.372

4

9.92 10.88 9.92 10.88

9

SEQ

V

13.471

8

12.6626 14.11

22

12.6

626

14.11

22

LAYE

RS

0-45-

0-45-

0-45-

0

0-45-

90—

45-

90-

45-0

90-

45-0-

-45-0-

45-90

0- -

45-

90-

45-

90- -

45-0

90/45/

90/-

45/90

SX 2.196

29

2.397

2

2.162

58

2.313

28

2.141

19

SY 2.598

79

2.454

44

2.148

75

3.111

43

2.506

95

SZ 2.299

85

2.163

59

2.080

48

2.381

73

2.063

5

SEQV 2.862

33

2.777

79

2.608

53

3.023

78

2.558

23

LAYERS 0/45/0 90/45/90 0/45/90

EPTO X 0.104-

3

0.104-3 0.118-3

EPTO Y 0.13-3 0.13-3 0.128-3

EPTO Z 0.13-3 0.13-3 0.129-3

EPTO

EQV

0.191-

3

0.191-3 0.182-3

LAY

ERS

0/45/90

/45/0

90/45/0/

45/90

0/-

45/90/

45/0

0/45

/0/-

45/0

90/45/

90/-

45/90

EPT

O X

0.118-3 0.841-4 0.104-

3

0.84

1-4

0.104-

3

EPT

O Y

0.128-3 0.129-3 0.135-

3

0.12

9-3

0.135-

3

EPT

O Z

0.129-3 0.123-3 0.134-

3

0.12

3-3

0.134-

3

EPT

O

EQV

0.182-3 0.171-3 0.191-

3

0.17

1-3

0.191-

3

LAYE

RS

0-45-

0-45-

0-45-

0

0-45-

90—

45-

90-

45-0

90-

45-0-

-45-0-

45-90

0- -

45-

90-

45-

90- -

45-0

90/45/

90/-

45/90

EPTO

X

0.266

e-4

0.292

e-4

0.253

e-4

0.289

e-4

0.243

e-4

EPTO

Y

0.314

e-4

0.293

e-4

0.256

e-4

0.378

e-4

0.302

e-4

EPTO Z 0.274

e-4

0.261

e-4

0.252

e-4

0.284

e-4

0.250

e-4

EPTO

EQV

0.387

e-4

0.375

e-4

0.353

e-4

0.409

e-4

0.346

e-4

Conclusion

This project work deals with structural analysis of

composite propeller to validate optimum material and

layer matrix with the help of Ansys work bench and

APDL (for layer matrix); initially data collection and

past work was reviewed to understand the methodology

and approach.

3d model of propeller has modeled using co-ordinate

data and converted as FEM model to do the further

analysis work in Ansys.

Structural and fatigue analysis was conducted on

propeller as per the analysis results s-glass epoxy was

having optimum quality’s because of its higher FOS;

model analysis was conducted to evaluate natural

frequency value as per analysis results it is having a

frequency difference of 5 Hz ; then propeller was

analysed using APDL with the variation of layer

orientation combinations and 3, 5 & 7 layers; as per the

results 7 layered with variations of 90/-45/0/45/0/-45/90

is sowing maximum quality.

This project concludes that 7 layered with variations of

90/-45/0/45/0/-45/90 will be the best option for ship

propeller.



787

REFERENCES

[1] Study on Performance of a Ship Propeller Using a

Composite Material Tadashi Taketani1, Koyu Kimura1,

Satoko Ando1, Koutaku Yamamoto2 1Akishima

Laboratories (Mitsui Zosen) Inc, Tokyo, Japan 2Mitsui

Engineering & Shipbuilding Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan.

Third International Symposium on Marine Propulsors

smp’13, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia, May 2013

[2] Structural Analysis of NAB Propeller Replaced

With Composite Material, M.L.Pavan Kishore, 1

R.K.Behera, 2 Sreenivasulu Bezawada3 1Research

Scholar, Department of Mechanical Engineering, NIT

Rourkela, Odisha, INDIA 2Professor, Department of

Mechanical Engineering, NIT Rourkela, Odisha,

INDIA, 3 Assistant professor, Department of

Mechanical Engineering, MITS, Madanapalle, Andhra

pradesh, INDIA. International Journal of Modern

Engineering Research (IJMER) pp-401-405.

[3] Design and Dynamic analysis on composite

propeller of ship using FEA MOHAMMED AHMED

KHAN1, Khaja shahnawaz uddin2,Bilal Ahmed3,

Student’s, Department of Mechanical Engineering,

Lords Institute of Engineering and Technology,

Hyderabad – INDIA. International Journal of Advanced

Trends in Computer Science and Engineering, Vol.2 ,

No.1, Pages : 310 - 315 (2013)

[4] Design and Analysis of Composite Marine Propeller

using ANSYS WORK BENCH S. Abdul Mutalib, S.

Suresh, S.Jaya Kishore, International Journal of

Science, Engineering and Technology Research

(IJSETR), Volume 4, Issue 9, September 2015

[5] Georgiev, D. J. & Ikehata, M. (1998). Hydroelastic

effects on propeller blades in steady flow. Journal of

The Society of Naval Architects of Japan, Vol.184.

[6] Young, Y. L. (2008). Fluid-structure interaction

analysis of flexible composite marine propellers.

Journal of Fluids and Structures.

[7] Motley, M. R., Liu, Z. & Young, Y. L. (2009).

Utilizing fluid-structure interactions to improve energy

efficiency of composite marine propellers in spatially

varying wake. Composite Structures.

[8] Blasques, J. P., Berggreen, C. & Andersen, P.

(2010). Hydro-elastic analysis and optimization of a

composite marine propeller. Marine Structures, 23.

[9] Young, Y. L. & Motley, M. R. (2011). Influence of

material and Loading uncertainties on the hydroelastic

performance of advanced marine propellers, Second

International Symposium on Marine Propulsors.

[10] Kimura, K., Taketani, T., Ishii, N. & Fujii, A.

(2006). Development of low-excitation and high-

efficiency propeller design system. Mitsui Zosen

Technical Review No.189.

[11] Taketani, T., Ando, S., Kimura, K. & Yamamoto,

K. (2012). Study on cavitation behavior of a composite

hydrofoil blade. The 16th Symposium on Cavitation,

Kanazawa, Japan.

AUTHORS

T.Sowmya, Research Scholar, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aditya Engineering College, Surampalem, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Sripada Naga Surya Maruthy Vijay, Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aditya Engineering College, Surampalem, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Documents

Subject: Mechanical Engineering IJRIME · INTRODUCTION TO FEA Ma • Fixed pitch propeller (FP-propeller) • Controllable pitch propeller (CP-propeller) Modeling Co-ordinate to construct