Take Out

PencilScience Notebook, Open to white boarding

notes (page 36)

Take Out

PencilCatalyst SheetScience Notebook, Open to Chemistry cover

page

CatalystUse your reading from this

weekend to explain how the argument could be made that “Chemistry caused civilization”.

Page 39

10 boxes down, horizontal line

Everything I Know About Chemistry:

Page 39

10 more boxes down, horizontal line

Everything I Want to Know About Chemistry:

Page 39

Remaining space

The Beginnings of Chemistry:

460 BCDemocritus develops the idea of the atom around 400 BCE

He pounded up materials in his pestle and

mortar until he had reduced them to

smaller and smaller particles which he

called

ATOMA

greek for not to be divided

(cut)

The Beginnings of Chemistry

460 BCAnother Greek philosopher, Heraclitus, suggested everything was made out of fire

The world itself consists of a law-like interchange of elements, symbolized by fire. Thus the world is not to be identified with any particular substance, but rather with an ongoing process

governed by a law of change.

The Beginnings of Chemistry

460 BCAristotle announced that there were four elements, or basic substances, from which all else was composed

Air, Earth, Fire, and Water; He believed that everything else, was a blend of these four.

The Beginnings of Chemistry

Homework

Read and fully annotate “Matter, Elements, and Atoms” reading on page 40

Add the 5 underlined words and their definitions to your Vocabulary section

Exit Ticket

Why should the slope of your line of best fit in the Circumference vs Diameter Lab have been close to 3.14?

Take Out

PencilCatalyst SheetScience Notebook, Open to Vocabulary section

Catalyst1. Describe the difference

between matter and mass2. Describe the difference

between an atom and an element

Page 39

10 boxes down, horizontal line

Everything I Know About Chemistry:

Page 39

10 more boxes down, horizontal line

Everything I Want to Know About Chemistry:

Page 39

Remaining space

The Beginnings of Chemistry:

Chemistry

Chemistry is the study of the composition, properties, and behavior of MATTER

460 BCDemocritus develops the idea of the atom around 400 BCE

He pounded up materials in his pestle and

mortar until he had reduced them to

smaller and smaller particles which he

called

ATOMA

greek for not to be divided

(cut)

The Beginnings of Chemistry

Aluminum

An Aluminum Atom

How small is an atom?

It would take 40,000,000 aluminum atoms to make a 1 cm

line of aluminum

Element Atom

What is an element?What is an atom?

An element is a pure substance that cannot be

broken down into any other

substances.

Element AtomAn atom is the smallest particle

of an element that still has all

the properties of an element.

An atom is composed of three main subatomic particles

Atom

Subatomic Particles

Subatomic particles are….

The smaller parts that make up an atom

An atom is composed of three main subatomic particles

Atom

Neutrons ElectronsProtons

Protons, Neutrons and Electrons are the building blocks of

atoms

NucleusThe nucleus is the center of the atom, where the

protons and neutrons are located.

electron

neutron

proton

A proton has one positive charge and a mass equal to one mass unit.

A neutron has no charge and a mass that is also equal to one mass unit.

Proton

+ Charge

Neutron

Neutral Charge

What charge does the nucleus have as a whole?

6

CCarbon

12.011

The name of the

element

6

CCarbon

12.011

The name of the element

The element’s atomic symbol

6

CCarbon

12.011

The name of the element

The element’s atomic symbol

The atomic number of the element: This number tells you the number of protons in the

atom.

6

CCarbon

12.011

The name of the element

The element’s atomic symbol

The atomic number of the element: This number tells you the number of protons in the

atom.

The mass number or atomic mass: This number tells the mass

of one atom.

…which is approximately the sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus, since each proton and

each neutron has a mass equal to one mass unit.

6

CCarbon

12.011

Using the beads on your table, create the nucleus of 1

Carbon atom

Draw that nucleus in your notes

Take Out

PencilCatalyst SheetScience Notebook

CatalystDetermine the number of protons

and neutrons in the nucleus of one atom of each element listed below:

1. Helium 4. Bromine2. Chlorine 5. Rubidium 3. Calcium 6. Xenon

Remember:

atomic mass - atomic numbernumber of neutrons

Atomic (Average) mass unit

Number of neutrons must be changing because we know

that protons don’t6

CCarbon

12.011

Isotopes – Atoms of the same element that

have a different number of neutrons

from the average

ElectronsElectrons are located around the nucleus.They are so tiny that they almost have no mass.Each electron has a charge of negative 1 (-1).

Electron

Negative Charge

In a neutral atom, how does the number of protons compare to the number of electrons?

A neutral atom has an equal number of protons and electrons

So, to review…

Nucleus Electron Cloud

Location Tiny core in the center of the atom

The region around the nucleus; model looks much

like a galaxy in space

Charge Positive Negative

Relative size relationship Diameter of a baseball Chase Stadium

Proton Neutron Electron

Location Nucleus Nucleus Electron cloud

ChargePositive charge equal in size, but opposite

to the negative charge of an electron

Neutral

Negative charge equal in size, but opposite to the

positive charge of a proton

Size

1.673 x 10 -24 g

equal in mass with the neutron and

1800 times greater than an electron

1.675 x 10 -24 g

equal in mass with the proton

9.110 x 10 -29 g

1/1800 the size of the proton

4

BeBeryllium

9.01

The periodic table is an orderly listing of all the elements, arranged from left to right and top

to bottom in order of increasing atomic number

Review: what do the numbers mean?

6

CCarbon

12.011

The name of the

element

6

CCarbon

12.011

The name of the element

The element’s atomic symbol

6

CCarbon

12.011

The name of the element

The element’s atomic symbol

The atomic number of the element: This number tells you the number of protons in the

atom. And because, in a neutral atom, the number of protons and

the number of electrons are equal, it also tells the number of

electrons.

6

CCarbon

12.011

The name of the element

The element’s atomic symbol

The atomic number of the element: This number tells you the number of protons in the

atom. And because, in a neutral atom, the number of protons and

the number of electrons are equal, it also tells the number of

electrons.

The mass number or atomic mass: This number tells the mass

of one atom, which is approximately the sum of protons

and neutrons in the nucleus, since each proton and each

neutron has a mass equal to one mass unit, and the electrons have

virtually no mass.The color: Depending on the periodic table, will tell you what type of element it

is. In Carbon’s case, it is a nonmetal

Remember: Look at website! and this

6

CCarbon

12.011

The name of the element

The element’s atomic symbol

The number of protons.

The number of electrons.

The number of protons + the number of neutrons

7

NNitrogen

14.007

Using the beads on your table, create the nucleus of the

most common atom of Nitrogen

Add the electrons, presuming we are creating a neutral

atom

Draw this is in your notebook

Homework

Complete “Atomic Structure Practice” on pages 42 and 43 of science notebook

Use your Periodic Table in your planner if necessary

Add isotope to Vocabulary Section

Exit Ticket

11

NaSodium

22.989

1. Determine the number of protons,

neutrons, and electrons in a

neutral atom of sodium

Exit Ticket

36

KrKrypton

83.798

2. Determine the number of protons,

neutrons, and electrons in a

neutral atom of krypton