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Take out your interactive notebook and set up an In, Out Through on your next two open pages. In Activity. Why do atoms have a neutral (no) charge?. IONIC CHEMICAL BONDING. Atoms connect with other atoms to form chemical bonds. Types of Chemical Bonds. There are four types of chemical bonds: - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Take out your interactive notebook and set up an In, Out Through on your next two open pages.
In Activity
Why do atoms have a neutral (no) charge?
Ionic Bonding
• Atoms don’t have an electric charge. They are neutral because the number of positive charges (protons) is always equal to the number of negative charges (electrons)
IONIC CHEMICAL BONDING
Atoms connect with other atoms to form chemical bonds.
Types of Chemical Bonds
There are four types of chemical bonds:
1. Ionic Bonds
2. Covalent Bonds
3. Metallic Bonds
4. Hydrogen Bonds
We will study ionic and covalent bonding.
Ionic Bondingoccurs when electron(s) are transferred
from one atom to another. (Metals bonding with Nonmetals)
Li F Be sure to draw!
Ionic Bonding
• When electrons are lost or gained the atom becomes an ion (an atom with a charge).
• Negatively charged ions are attracted to positively charged ions like the opposite poles of a magnet.
Li+ F-
Cation Anion
Ionic Bonding with Sodium (Na) and Chlorine (Cl) results in NaCl or table
salt
Ionic Bonding
• Here is what happens during the reaction between Sodium (Na) and Chlorine (Cl).
• When Sodium loses an electron it has an overall positive charge. This is called a Cation.
• When Chlorine gains an electron it has an overall negative charge and is called an Anion
Here is another example of Ionic Bonding between Potassium and Fluorine.
In an IONIC bond,electrons are lost or gained,resulting in the formation of IONS
in ionic compounds.
FK
FK
FK
FK
FK
FK
FK
FK+ _
FK+ _
The compound potassium fluorideconsists of potassium (K+) ions
and fluoride (F-) ions
FK+ _
The ionic bond is the attractionbetween the positive K+ ion
and the negative F- ion
Out Activity Ionic Bonding
• Draw the Electron Dot Diagram for Potassium and Iodine.
• Show how these two will bond in an Ionic Bond.
• Be sure to use arrows and charge symbols.
• Ionic Bonding Notes Complete. Stop at this slide.
CovalentBonds
Sowhatarecovalentbonds?
Continue using the Cornell notes you started with Ionic Bonding. Make a new title called “Covalent Bonding” in the through section.
In covalent bonding,atoms still want to achievea noble gas configuration(the octet rule).
In covalent bonding,atoms still want to achievea noble gas configuration(the octet rule).
But rather than losing or gainingelectrons,atoms now share an electron pair.
In covalent bonding,atoms still want to achievea noble gas configuration(the octet rule).
But rather than losing or gainingelectrons,atoms now share an electron pair.
The shared electron pairis called a bonding pair
Cl2
Chlorineforms
acovalent
bondwithitself
ClClHowwilltwochlorineatomsreact?
ClClEach chlorine atom wants to gain one electron to achieve an octet
ClClNeither atom will give up an electron –chlorine is highly electronegative.
What’s the solution – what can theydo to achieve an octet?
ClCl
Cl Cl
Cl Cl
Cl Cl
Cl Cloctet
Cl Cl
circle the electrons foreach atom that completestheir octets
octet
Cl Cl
circle the electrons foreach atom that completestheir octets
The octet is achieved byeach atom sharing theelectron pair in the middle
Cl Cl
circle the electrons foreach atom that completestheir octets
The octet is achieved byeach atom sharing theelectron pair in the middle
Cl Cl
circle the electrons foreach atom that completestheir octets
This is the bonding pair
Cl Cl
circle the electrons foreach atom that completestheir octets
It is a single bonding pair
Cl Cl
circle the electrons foreach atom that completestheir octets
It is called a SINGLE BOND
Cl Cl
circle the electrons foreach atom that completestheir octets
Single bonds are abbreviatedwith a dash
Cl Cl
circle the electrons foreach atom that completestheir octets
This is the chlorine molecule,
Cl2
O2
Oxygen is also one of the diatomic molecules
How will two oxygen atoms bond?
OO
OOEach atom has two unpaired electrons
OO
OO
OO
OO
OO
OO
Oxygen atoms are highly electronegative.
So both atoms want to gain two electrons.
OO
Oxygen atoms are highly electronegative.
So both atoms want to gain two electrons.
OO
OO
OO
OO
OO
OOBoth electron pairs are shared.
6 valence electronsplus 2 shared electrons
= full octet
OO
6 valence electronsplus 2 shared electrons
= full octet
OO
two bonding pairs,
OOmaking a double bond
OO=For convenience, the double bond
can be shown as two dashes.
OO
OO=This is the oxygen molecule,
O2
this is so
cool!!