Terrorism
TerrorismPCC. V-D1Learning TopicsIntroductionTerrorism/Acts of
warHistory of TerrorismElements of TerrorismTypesMedias
RoleObjectivesTactics
IntroductionTerrorism The use of violence and intimidation in
the pursuit of political aims
One Mans terrorist is another mans freedom fighter.
3Terrorism or Acts of War(1)International terrorism
(2)Act of war(1)The terminternational terrorismmeans activities
that(A)involve violent acts or acts dangerous to human life that
are a violation of the criminal laws of the United States or of any
State, or that would be a criminal violation if committed within
the jurisdiction of the United States or of any State;(B)appear to
be intended(i)to intimidate or coerce a civilian population;(ii)to
influence the policy of a government by intimidation or coercion;
(iii)to affect the conduct of a government by mass destruction,
assassination, or kidnapping; and(C)occur primarily outside the
territorial jurisdiction of the United States, or transcend
national boundaries in terms of the means by which they are
accomplished, the persons they appear intended to intimidate or
coerce, or the locale in which their perpetrators operate or seek
asylum;(2)The termact of warmeans any act occurring in the course
of(A)declared war;(B)armed conflict, whether or not war has been
declared, between two or more nations; or(C)armed conflict between
military forces of any origin;
http://www.outpost-of-freedom.com/okc0511.htm - short article
with specific examples & judicial
http://reocities.com/kk_abacus/vb/ny.html - pretty good article
on the distinction between the two
http://wwsword.blogspot.com/2009/01/acts-of-terrorism-and-acts-of-war.html
4History of TerrorismHashhashin- English word for assassins were
a secretive sect active in Iran and Syria from the 11th to 13th
centuryThese assassins were used to strike fear into the opposition
because they never knew when a kill was comingThis was one of the
first ways of using terror to make people act in a certain way
Think about including Jewish and Palestinian opposition of Roman
rule 66-73 ADRoots in French Reign of Terror 1773-1794Huge
explosions late 20th century54 Elements of Terrorism1. It is
premeditated
2. It is political
3. It is aimed at civilians
4. Sub-national groups carry it out
1. It is premeditated: planned in advance rather than an
impulsive act of rage.2. It is political: not criminal, like the
violence that groups such as Mafia use to get money, but designed
to change the existing political order.3. It is aimed at civilians:
not at military targets or combat ready groups.4. Sub-national
groups carry it out: not the army of a country.6Types of
TerrorismBioterrorism
Cyberterrorism
Ecoterrorism
Nuclear Terrorism
Narcoterrorism
Bioterrorism- intentional release of toxic biological
agentsCyberterrorism- use of information technology to attack
civilians Ecoterrorism- violence in the interests of
environmentalismNuclear Terrorism- terrorism through the
exploitation of nuclear materialsNarcoterrorism- violence used by
drug traffickers to influence governments
7Medias Role in TerrorismThe media and the government
Policymakers
The media and the government have common interests in seeing
that the media are not manipulated into promoting the cause of
terrorism or its methods.
Policymakers do not want to see terrorism, or anti-terrorism,
eroding freedom of the press--one of the pillars of democratic
societies.
The challenge for policymakers is to explore mechanisms
enhancing media/government cooperation to accommodate the citizen
and media need for honest coverage while limiting the gains
uninhibited coverage may provide terrorists or their cause.
Communication between the government and the media here is an
important element in any strategy to prevent terrorist causes and
strategies from prevailing and to preserve democracy8Objectives of
TerroristsImpacting public events and history
Long term social change
We feel that in the longer view of history the following things
are true:1. Terrorists in general are far more concerned about
impacting public events and history than the average person.2.
Terrorists are usually revolutionaries who also believe that their
agenda for long term social change is more important than
individual human lives. This lattertrait is often shared by
functionaries of the governments they oppose.
9TacticsBombingsSuicide attacksVehicle based attacksAircraft
attacks and hijackingChemical and biological weaponsNuclear
weaponsConventional firearmsSecondary attacks
Armed AttacksArsonBio/ chem
ReleaseAssassinationBombingHijackingHostage takingKindapping
Answer the question, how do we get the press interested10What
are their targets?Military basesRail and metro systemsChemical
plantsLiquid natural gasDamsBio labsHigh civilian population
areas
Good link to general web site on terrorism:
http://www.cdi.org/terrorism/moretargets.html11Combating
TerrorismThree Goals of the 2010 National Security StrategyDisrupt
the terrorist organizations by eliminating their
sanctuaries.Dismantle terrorist organizations financial and
weaponry support networks. Defeat terrorist organization on the
battlefield.
http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/rss_viewer/national_security_strategy.pdf12Force
Protection - USNDetect
Defend
Deter
DetectDetect and track surface traffic within 3,000 yards and
aircraft within 5 nautical milesEstablish extended security zone
and personnel and vehicle entry pointsEstablish remote cargo cross
load point/vehicle unloading areaConduct 100% ID & vehicle
checkSurvey all areas to minimum 500 yardsDefendPrevent surface
contacts from closing to within 100 yardsEngage warned aircraft
within .5 nautical milesEstablish exterior and interior security
zones and armed watchesDefine areas of engagementDeterIntercept all
contacts within 3,000 yards; air contacts cpa 1 nautical mileMark
restricted areasConduct deception Command and ControlSeamless
communications with all security stationsEstablish reaction
forceArm and equip security forces
http://www.tomrancich.com/resources/articles.php?obj=article&oid=49&momId=4713ConclusionTerrorism
is one of the most important threats that we will face in the
modern worldKeep constant alert to detect and defer terrorism
before it happensAvoid situations in which you will be in the
middle of terrorist activities
Resources LCDR Thomas
Rancichhttp://www.tomrancich.com/resources/articles.php?obj=article&oid=49&momId=47Terrorism
Projecthttp://www.cdi.org/terrorism/moretargets.html
http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/rss_viewer/national_security_strategy.pdf15
