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The American Public Works Association - CEU Request Form

Organics Recycling: Going Beyond Yard Waste

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American Public Works Association presents…


Thursday, November 18th, 2010 11:00 am EST/ 10:00 am CST/ 9:00 am MST/ 8:00 am PST

SPEAKERS: Mitch Kessler President Kessler Consulting, Inc. Tampa, Florida Pat Parker Director of Support Services Operations & Waste Management Division City of Hamilton Ontario, Canada Paul Schultz City of Dubuque Resource Management Coordinator Dubuque, Iowa MODERATOR: Jeff Turner Senior Professional Associate HDR Kansas City, Missouri

Organics Recycling: Going Beyond Yard Waste Thursday, November 18th, 2010 Speaker Bios Mitch Kessler President Kessler Consulting, Inc. Tampa, Florida Mitch Kessler, President of Kessler Consulting, Inc. has more than 25 years in the solid waste industry and has been responsible for over 200 projects pertaining to comprehensive waste management, collection, recycling, and composting programs for municipalities, institutions, and private corporations. Mitch served on the Florida DEP’s Compost Rule Change Technical Advisory Committee and was the founding Chair of the Florida Organics Recyclers Association. Mitch’s firm currently manages and has overseen FORCE, the Florida Organics Recycling Center for Excellence, since its inception 10 years ago. Mr. Kessler has been a long-standing member of the United States Composting Council and is the current Vice President of Solid Waste Association of North America’s (SWANA) Florida Sunshine Chapter. He is a certified SWANA instructor for both Manager of Recycling Systems and Composting Systems Manager certification courses. Kessler Consulting, Inc. has been providing solid waste consulting services to over 100 government and private sector clients for 22 years. The firm has expertise in the areas of solid waste master planning, waste collection, disposal and processing, commercial and residential waste reduction and recycling program evaluations and implementation, and waste composition and generation studies. Pat Parker Director of Support Services Operations & Waste Management Division City of Hamilton Ontario, Canada Pat Parker was appointed as the Director of Support Services in the Operations & Waste Management Division for the City of Hamilton, Ontario, Canada in a Public Works Department reorganization in 2009. In this role, her group provides planning and programing services, customer service and community outreach, cemeteries administration, data management, health and safety and administrative services to a broad range of operating groups including cemeteries, forestry, horticulture, parks, roads and maintenance and waste management.

Before 2009, Pat was the Manager of Solid Waste Planning in the Waste Management Division for the City of Hamilton managing the activities of the Community Outreach and Policy and Planning groups. The Community Outreach group was responsible for developing, producing and delivering promotional and educational services and material on waste diversion programs. The Policy and Planning group planned, developed and implemented new programs and program improvements for waste management. Some of these programs included the preparation of a new draft Waste Management By-law, the implementation of the Green Cart program, a public space recycling program and the initiation of the City’s Environment Days. Pat has been involved in the process of awarding the contracts to design, construct and operate a new Materials Recycling Facility and Central Composting Facility and the Niagara-Hamilton WastePlan project for long term disposal options following Ontario’s Environmental Assessment process. Prior to joining the Waste Management Division in 2001, Pat was employed in the Planning Department of the former Town of Flamborough in several positions including Manager of Community Planning, for a total of thirteen years. Before that she was in the private planning consulting business for fourteen years. Pat is a graduate of the Community Planning course at Mohawk College of Applied Arts and Technology, and is a member of the Canadian Institute of Planners and the Ontario Professional Planners Institute. Paul Schultz City of Dubuque Resource Management Coordinator Dubuque, Iowa Paul Schultz works for the City of Dubuque Iowa (60,000 citizens) and recently became its Resource Management Coordinator. He initiated the City of Dubuque’s Environmental Stewardship Advisory Commission, Pay As You Throw program and composed the initial draft of its sustainability principles, Green Vision - Schools program and Green Asset Map. In 2006 he launched the first phase of its food scrap curbside co-collection and composting program. He directed the development of the 2009 DMASWA Landfill Diversion Roadmap designed to achieve a 50% per capita diversion from current landfilling to beneficial use. For 18 years he was an organic fruit farmer, small scale food processor, produce aggregator/distributor and on-farm composter. He moved to Dubuque and became the General Manager for the Environmental Recycling Corporation before joining the City of Dubuque in 1995 to manage its solid waste collection and beneficiation programs. MODERATOR: Jeff Turner Senior Professional Associate HDR Kansas City, Missouri

Mr. Turner received a Bachelor of Science degree in Biology from Peru State College in Nebraska, and a Master of Science degree in Geography from the University of Nebraska. He was a Research Associate at the University of Nebraska at Omaha using satellite data to conduct large-area natural resource inventories before joining HDR in 1980. Mr. Turner began working in solid waste management consulting in 1983 and has worked on over 100 projects in 40 states and Puerto Rico, and has advised more than 60 city and county governments and private companies on solid waste management issues and policies. He was a previous member of the State of Minnesota Solid Waste Management Advisory Council and is a current member of the State of Missouri Solid Waste Advisory Board. Mr. Turner is experienced in many areas of solid waste management including recycling, MSW composting, source-segregated organics composting, energy from waste, transfer stations, and materials recovery facilities. His specific solid waste experience includes: feasibility analysis, system definition, facility siting, facility and system life-cycle cost analysis and alternatives analysis, vendor technology evaluation, procurement and contract negotiations, tipping fee analyses, and solid waste policy issues analyses. Mr. Turner has been responsible for conducting technology evaluations of MSW composting and RDF processing equipment including aerated static pile, aerated windrow, agitated beds, in-vessel rotating drum systems, as well as various shredding and screening technologies. He has conducted numerous in-plant operations and management reviews and has been involved in the implementation of over 12 energy from waste, composting, materials recovery, and recycling facilities. Mr. Turner currently leads the environmental conservation and planning practice in Missouri and Kansas and is located in Kansas City, Missouri.

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Thursday, November 18Thursday, November 18thth, 2010, 201011:00 am EST 10:00 am CST 9:00 am MST 8:00 am PST11:00 am EST 10:00 am CST 9:00 am MST 8:00 am PST

APWA Education Calendar• December 2nd: Using Social Media to Deliver Your Public

Works Message

• December 7th:

• December 16th:

• December 21st:

o s essage

REBROADCAST: How to Write a Sustainability Action Plan

ADA – Project Civic Access - It may be headed your way...

REBROADCAST - Lessons Learned From ece be

• January 4th:

O C S esso s ea ed oExtreme Weather Events

REBROADCAST - Where To Get Them and How To Use Them

Visit www.apwa.net/Education for more Education Opportunities

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Today’s Moderator…

Jeff TurnerSenior Professional Associate

HDRKansas City, Missouri

Polling QuestionPolling Question

How many people are listening at o r site toda ?at your site today?

a) 1b) 2-3c) 4-7d) 8-20 – all one agencyd) 8-20 – all one agencye) 8-20 – multiple agenciesf) 21+

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Today’s Speakers…

Mitch KesslerPresident

Kessler Consulting, Inc.Tampa, Florida

Paul SchultzCity of Dubuque

Resource Management CoordinatorDubuque, Iowa

Pat ParkerDirector of Support Services

Operations & Waste Management DivisionCity of HamiltonOntario, Canada



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The Organics RevolutionThe Organics Revolution

Mitch KesslerKessler Consulting, Inc.

American Public Works AssociationOrganics Recycling Webinar

November 18, 2010

"Accept that some days you're the pigeon and some days you're the statue.“

- - Roger C. Anderson

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Organics Generation• Organics is the largest

component ofRubber, Leather, and

Textiles, 7.9%Other , 3.3%

component of generated MSW1. Yard waste – 32.9 million

tons2. Food waste – 31.8

million tons3. Wood – 16.4 million tons4. Non-recyclable paper –

Paper , 18.9%

Non-Recyclable Paper, 12.1%Metals, 8.4%

Plastics, 12.0%

y p p9.4 million tons

• Targeting organics is the key to reaching high recovery rates

Source: EPA MSW in the U.S., 2008

Yard Waste, 13.2%

Food Waste, 12.7%

Wood, 6.6%

Glass, 4.9%

Recovery of Organics

25,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

Thou

sand

s of

Ton

s

Yard Waste, 64.7%Food Waste, 2.5%Wood, 9.6%Non-Recyclable Paper, 0%


0

5,000

1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2003 2005 2007 2008

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Organics Discarded in MSW35,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

Thou

sand

s of

Ton

s

Yard WasteFood Waste WoodNon-Recyclable Paper


-

5,000

1960

1970

1980

1990

2000

2003

2005

2007

2008

Organic Diversity

Process ProductFeedstock ProcessSize ReductionCompostFill MaterialFeedstock

ProductMulchFertilizer / CompostSoil AmendmentOrganic IngredientEnergy Recovery

FeedstockYard WasteFood WasteBiosolidsAnimal ManureMunicipal Solid WasteWasteIndustry Waste

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Balancing Organics

COLLECTION PROCESSING MARKETSCOLLECTION PROCESSING MARKETS

$ $ $

Organics Recovery Programs© Kessler Consulting, Inc.

Benefits of Organics Composting

• Potential of diverting large titi f th t tquantities of the waste stream

from disposal• Organics recovery is needed to

meet high-performing state recycling goalsrecycling goals

• Food and yard waste provide necessary nitrogen and carbon balance

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Elements of an Organics Recycling Program

• Integration into the existing infrastructureteg at o to t e e st g ast uctu e• Program plan• Cost and benefits• Education and training• Identifying potential vendors or sitesIdentifying potential vendors or sites• Public/private ownership/operation• Identify feedstock sources and end-

markets

Systems / Technologies

FO

RC

E

FO

RC

E

Windrow Composting Bunker System

RC

E

stin

g

In-Vessel Digester Gortex Cover

FO

R

Ced

ar G

rove

Com

pos

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Equipment

Grinding equipmentFront-end loader

Turning equipment Screening equipment

Sources and End-Markets

Sources of Organic Wastes Potential End-Markets• Commercial / Institutional:

– Grocery stores, schools, restaurants, hospitals, prisons

– Commercial food processors• Residential:

– Backyard compostingCurbside pickup

• Horticultural, nursery, and agricultural industry

• State transportation departments

• Golf courses• Soil and sod industry (soil

amendment)– Curbside pickup )

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Organics Recycling Barriers / Obstacles

• TechnicalS t d ll ti• Segregated collection

• Operational knowledge• Designated facility

• Regulation Barriers• Permitting / registration requirements• Classification of compost types• Environmental implications (odor and health safety)

• Economic and Market• Low disposal fees• Capital and operating costs• End-market development

Next Steps

• Modify state compost rules– Create uniform standards– Tiered approach

• Yard waste bans

• Increase organics recovery of food g ywaste, non-recyclable paper, and biosolids

• Produce higher-value material

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Next Steps Continued

• Demonstrate benefits to k tmarkets

• Educate and communicate

• Incorporate organics recovery into solid waste master planning

Additional Resources• Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

www epa govwww.epa.gov

• United States Composting Council (USCC)www.compostingcouncil.org

• State recycling and/or composting associationsassociations

• Florida Organics Recycling Center for Excellence (FORCE) www.floridaforce.org

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Remember…There is no one

path to high-f


performance recycling

PresidentKessler Consulting, Inc.

[email protected]

Q & AQ & AType your questions into the chat pod on the

left side of the screen and hit send

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G CGreen Cart Program: Hamilton’s Experience with Household Organics

APWA WebinarNovember 18, 2010

Pat Parker, Director of Support ServicesOperations & Waste Management Division

Providing services that bring our City to life!

32

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33

OVERVIEW

• Background• Organics Program Overview• Promotion & Education Strategies• Promotion & Education Strategies• How did we make it happen?• Results & Lessons Learned

Green Bin Program Roll Out: Hamilton’s Experience

34

BACKGROUND


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35

• Mix of Urban, Suburban, and Rural

• Population: 526,000

Background

Demographics

p ,• Six Waste Collection Zones

– Public/Private waste collection service providers

• Our Customers– Single Family Properties– Multi-Residential Properties– Commercial properties &

Special Policy Areas

Green Bin Program Rollout: Hamilton’s Experience

Special Policy Areas– Schools– Municipal facilities

• Waste Managed: 245,000 tonnes (2009)

• 42% overall diversion, 47% residential diversion (2009)

36

Why Composting?

Extending Landfill Capacity


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37

• Landfill is a valuable resource• 65% diversion from landfill

Integrated Waste Management System

Solid Waste Management Master Plan

• 3-stream system (recyclables, organics, garbage)• Central Composting Facility• Plan developed by the community


38

ORGANICS PROGRAM OVERVIEW


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• Source separated organics collection program from ~198,000 units (single family, multi-family

Organics Program Overview

Green Cart Program

and some businesses)• Includes kitchen waste, soiled paper products and

leaf & yard (L&Y) waste• Weekly collection in Green Carts and up to 2

additional L&Y bags / containers (curbside)• Complete ban on plastic, compostable liner bags

added in 2008


• Separate L&Y waste collection and composting facility

• Co-collection with garbage using cart tippers• Central Composting Facility

40

• Cart-based system120L wheeled carts (1:15 ratio)

Organics Program OverviewMulti-Residential Organics

– 120L wheeled carts (1:15 ratio)– Utilized existing single-family program infrastructure

• Strong Outreach Component– All buildings visited by staff (students)– Lobby open houses offered to all medium/large buildings– Superintendent/Property Owner Open Houses

• Focus on Improved Recycling and Organics


p y g g• Phased Distribution

– Small curbside-serviced properties– Medium/large curbside-serviced properties– Bin-serviced properties

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41

Organics Program OverviewMulti-Residential Organics


42

CENTRAL COMPOSTING FACILITY (CCF)


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• State-of-the-art in vessel composting facility• Fully operational June 2006

Central Composting Facility (CCF)

Facility Overview

y p• Capacity of 60,000 tonnes/year of source

separated organic waste• Aerated static pile aerobic composting process in

three stages• 16,935 m2 (182,287 ft2) total facility size• Produces high quality compost that is sold to

markets


markets• Key facility in the City’s integrated waste

management system• Construction cost - $33.1 million

44


Central Composting Facility Aerial View

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PROMOTION & EDUCATION STRATEGIES


46

Promotion & Education Strategies

• Background Research• Identification of stakeholders

Communication Planning

• Key Recommendations– Focus– Public Relations– Advertising– City Employees– Community– Reward and Recognize

• Extending communication dollars


g

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47


• Waste Collection Calendar• Program Introductory Package

Green Cart Campaign Elements

g y g• Green Cart Distribution & PR• Newspaper Advertising• Television Advertising• Oops! Sticker• Seasonal Prompts• Web Site


• CCF Grand Opening• Customization for multi-

residential roll-out

48


• Social Marketing• Pre-communications• Distribution related

Campaign Phases

• Distribution-related• Troubleshooting (barrier-related)• Communication elements

– Information package (booklet, magnet, mini-bin sticker, mini-bin liner)

– Outreach/Public Relations Officers during distribution– TV (4 themes: odours, pests, cleaning, storage)– Building Superintendents

Customer service & staff as ambassadors


– Customer service & staff as ambassadors

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HOW DID WE MAKE IT HAPPEN?


2001 • Council Approval of Master Plan

2002 C ll ti D t ti B i

How Did We Make it Happen?Planning & Development

2002 • Collection Demonstration Begins• Facility Site Selection Process Begins

2003 • Collection Demonstration Expands• Composting Facility RFP Process Begins

2004 • Composting Site Selected• Award of CCF Design-Build-Operate Contract

Appro al of Collection S stem


• Approval of Collection System

2005 • CCF Construction Starts• Issue & Award of Tenders & RFPs for

Collection Contract, Trucks, Carts & Communication Materials

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March • Communications Launched (calendars, count d di t )

How Did We Make it Happen?Program Roll Out - 2006

down media events)

April • Cart Distribution Started• CCF Commissioning

May • Cart Distribution Continues• CCF Commissioning Completed

June • CCF Fully OperationalCCF G d O i E t


• CCF Grand Opening Event• Cart Distribution Completed

2007 • Multi-res green cart roll out implementation l d l d d d b C il

How Did We Make it Happen?Program Evolution

plan developed and approved by Council• Council approves three year phase-in to a

one container limit for garbage

2008 • Compostable liner bags accepted• 578 multi-res buildings on green cart program

2009 • One + One Program implemented in April (One bag of waste plus one clear bag)


( g p g)• 916 multi-res buildings on green cart program

2010 • Implementation of one container limit April 5th

• Completion of Multi-res green cart program roll out

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53

• Compost Production• Low Contamination Rate – Due to public education,

ResultsProgram Successes

Low Contamination Rate Due to public education, curbside enforcement and awareness and a plastic free program

• Marketing Excess Capacity• Provincial and Federal Funding• Communication Strategy• Building by building approach for multi-residential


54

ResultsOrganics - By The Numbers

Description 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Tonnes to CCF

n/a 24,000 28,500 33,800 36,200

# of curbside stops

0 155,600 154,000 155,000 157,800

# of multi-residential buildings

0 0 148 578 916


served# of multi-residential units served

0 0 1,149 8,292 39,325

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55

ResultsOrganics - Participation & Capture

Description Single Family

Multi FamilyFamily

Participation Rate 70% 91% (building)

Capture Rate 52% 20-30%

kg/hh/week of waste 13.7 11.0

kg/hh/week of organics 4.1 3.5


g g

LESSONS LEARNED


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Lessons Learned

• Demonstration projects• Think like a resident• Design-Build-Operate for new technology• Staging program launch to enable facility

commissioning• Focus on compost quality• Plan for contingencies and be flexible• Communicate, communicate, communicate• Continuous Improvement• Stay cool & have fun


• Stay cool & have fun

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59

A Strange New Thing

Green Bin Program Rollout: Hamilton’s ExperienceHamilton Spectator – November 20, 2007

60

Thank You


City of HamiltonPublic Works Department

905-546-CITY (2489)www.hamilton.ca/waste

[email protected]

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5 Mi t B k5 Minute BreakDo you have questions for our speakers?

Please type your questions into the chat pod on the left side of the screen and hit send

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Program will resumeProgram will resume momentarily

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Dubuque Food Scraps:Co‐Collection for Co‐Composting and Beyond

Paul F. SchultzResource Management Coordinator

City of Dubuque, Iowa

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Outline:

1. Why Dubuque?

2 Goals2. Goals

3. Design

4. Acceptable / Unacceptable Materials

5. Diversion and Participation

6. Program Costs/Revenues6. Program Costs/Revenues

7. Issues Driving Program Changes

Dubuque is a viable, livable, and equitable community. We embrace economic prosperity,

/social/cultural vibrancy and environmental integrity to create a sustainable legacy for generations to come.

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City of DubuqueFY10 Collection Facts

• 59,000 2010 population estimate

• 21,000 Customers $10.60/mo: trash/recycling fee

• Refuse: 10,615 Tons

• Curbside Recycling: 4,290 Tons

• Yard Debris 1,196 Tons

• Food Residuals 75 tons

Currently: 40% Diversion Away from Landfillingincluding source reduction & backyard composting

Source‐Separated Organics

Targeting food scraps for diversion helps improve citizen understanding that composting can be the preferred method of waste minimization and pollution prevention for many materials.

It is not “waste” until it is wastedIt is not waste until it is wasted.

Wasting is the abuse of a stranded asset.

Waste is a verb, not a noun.

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Great Diversion Potential

According to the JuneAccording to the June 2010 DMASWA Waste Sort, almost 30 % of the current materials, set out as refuse, from the average Dubuqueaverage Dubuque household could be processed into compost

(3,000 tons per year).

Data from Residential Waste Assessments

DMASWA IDNRDMASWA IDNR

June 2010 October 2005

• Food Residuals Landfilled

18.4% City of Dubuque 11.2% Iowa Statewide

• Compostable Paper Landfilled

10.9% City of Dubuque 7.9% Iowa Statewide

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Iowa Department of Natural Resources (IDNR) Co‐Composting Rules

An small opportunity in regulations

for yard waste composting sites

currently allows

up to 2 tons of food scraps per week

to be accepted for co‐composting.

DMASWA and the City of Dubuque were the first organizations to take advantage of the option in 2006.

Food Scrap Recycling Goals (1):

1. Supply more raw feedstock materials for our locally produced high demand compost to improve local soils, infiltrate stormwater and reduce erosion

2. Achieve Iowa’s 50% solid waste diversion goal

3. Maintain Dubuque’s status as a Clean Air Attainment community reducing ozone and particulates to protect h h lth d bl i ihuman health and enable economic expansion

4. Reduce fugitive landfill methane emissions to help achieve Green House Gas reduction targets. The methane produced is 23 to 72 times more potent than CO2. Most landfill food scrap decomposition occurs before landfill cells are capped

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Dubuque Governmental OperationsCarbon Footprint: 2007

86,080 tonnes CO2e

Food Scrap Recycling Goals (2):

5. Conserve valuable local landfill capacity by diverting some of 5. Conserve valuable local landfill capacity by diverting some ofthe targeted 2,000 TPY (2%) to new beneficial uses

6. Progressively expand composting capacity to allow development of effective business plans to capture, process and market these local “stranded assets”

7. Expand sustainability practices with citizens and businesses to help Dubuque become a smarter more resilient communityhelp Dubuque become a smarter, more resilient community

8. Demonstrate transferability in collection and processing of food scraps for potential application in other communities under 200,000

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Design: Pilot Phase to Current Model

On April 3, 2006, the City of Dubuque implemented an initial two‐year pilot project on collection of food scraps for beneficial use through composting.

Residential and a few institutional and business customers were targeted to voluntarily divert their source‐separated organics for co‐compostingwith yard debris.

Co‐collectionwith yard debris was initially seasonal: April through November.

Food Scraps with Yard Debris

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Residential Containers

Two‐gallon “Kitchen Catchers” ghold small accumulations before transfer to the GreenCart

Households set out materials in subscribed 13‐gallon, food scrap carts with snap‐lock lids

40 pound weight limit 40 pound weight limit.

Plastic bags are never allowed

Bio‐plastic and PLA bags are currently not allowed

Commercial Containers

Business and institutional customers are supplied with either 48‐gal or 64‐galtipper carts for hydraulic lifting

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DMASWA Waste Minimization Fund

The carts were purchased with a p50% cost share from the Waste Minimization Fund of the Dubuque Metropolitan Area Solid Waste Agency (DMASWA)

Education and promotion were funded at 100%

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Insect and Odor Controls

Wash‐out containers as needed

Paper grocery bags, paper liners and paper wrapped food scraps can be used inside carts to reduce / eliminate insects liquids and odorsinsects, liquids, and odors

Some subscribers also use dried leaves or compost to create an insect barrier layer and as a carbon filter for odor control

Good Neighbor Policy

Failure to use, store and set out properly would lead to enforcement and cancellationwould lead to enforcement and cancellation of the subscription and seizure of the City‐owned cart.

Initially subscribed customers were requested to set out weekly to reduce odors and potential neighbor nuisance concerns.

No complaints of any type have been received from anyone.

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Customer Satisfaction Survey

No smelly kitchen trash‐can in the houseNo smelly kitchen trash can in the house

Supervise kids fewer chores to “take out the trash”

Tight animal‐proof container

Purchased fewer plastic garbage bags

Saved on some disposal fees by including yard debris

Feel good about adding this sustainable practice Feel good about adding this sustainable practice

A responsible step for generating compost

An effective action to reduce global warming impact

Acceptable Food Scraps

• Baked goods and dough • Herbs and spices

• Bread, toast

• Butter and margarine

• Cake, cookies and candy

• Cereal and oatmeal

• Cheese and dairy products

• Coffee filters and grounds

• Corncobs and husks

• Jams and jelly

• Mustard and mayonnaise

• Meat, bones and meat products

• Muffins and muffin papers

• Nuts and nutshells

• Pasta and pizza

• Peanut butter

Pl i• Eggs and eggshells

• Fish and fish parts, shellfish

• Fruits and vegetables

• Flour, grains and rice

• Gravy and sauces

• Grease, lards and fats

• Plate scrapings

• Popcorn

• Salads and salad dressing

• Sour cream and yogurt

• Sugar and syrup

• Tea bags

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Acceptable Paper, etc.

• Greasy pizza boxes • Cut flowersy p

• Microwave popcorn bags

• Paper plates and cups

• Paper take‐out trays

• Paper towels and napkins

• Facial tissues

• Popsicle sticks

• Houseplants (soil ok but no pots)

• Grass

• Leaves

• Trimmings

• Small landscape prunings• Popsicle sticks

• Toothpicks

p p g

• Culled garden produce

• Weeds (not noxious)

• Sod

Unacceptable Material

• Animal waste and bedding, • Medical wasteg,including droppings and litter

• Cigarette butts and ashes

• Dead animals

• Diapers

• Disposable mop sheets

• Plastic films, straws, bags, tubs and lids

• Textiles, clothing, shoes

• Wood and treated wood

• Vacuum bags/dust

• Waxed paper and waxed • Feminine hygiene products

• Hair, pet fur, feathers

• Hazardous waste

p pcardboard

• Wood ashes (cold)

• Wood chips and sawdust

• Wine corks

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Residential Performance

Ab t 50% kl t t t About a 50% weekly setout rate

230 main season subscribers

75 intermittent subscribers and call‐in users (Nov‐Mar)

Subscribing households set out an average of 7 pounds g g pper week

Since inception approximately 280,000 pounds were collected and composted from residential subscribers

2010 School Diversion

School facilities set out an Marshall (E) 2,030 lbsSchool facilities set out an average of 200 pounds per week when in session ‐most exclude winter setouts

Currently, nine elementary schools, one middle school, one high school and four

( ) ,

Fulton (E) 3,000 lbs

Kennedy (E) 4,330 lbs

Lincoln (E) 1,100 lbs

Table Mound (E) 700 lbs

Resurrection (E) 5,400 lbs

St. Columbkille (E) 2,435 lbsone high school, and four colleges

Since 1/1/10 approximately 34,685 pounds have been composted

Mazzuchelli (M) 4,900 lbs

Wartburg Seminary 2,605 lbs

Loras College 5,050 lbs

Clarke University 3,290 lbs

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2010 Commercial Diversion

Commercial customers, so Fast Food Restaurant 950 lbsCommercial customers, so far without grocery stores, set out an average of 355 pounds per week

Collection limited to once per week and normally 2 tipper carts per customer

Religious Motherhouse 13,465 lbs

Small Supper Club 945 lbs

Landscaper / Nursery 30 lbs

Architectural Firm 225 lbs

Church w/ Day Care 4,890 lbs

Governmental Agency 275 lbstipper carts per customer

Since 1/1/10 approximately 22,750 pounds have been composted from eight “commercial” subscribers

Dental Clinic 370 lbs

2006‐2010 Event Diversion

“Zero Waste” events have City of Dubuque’s 175th Anniversary (3 000)Zero Waste events have

generated between 30 pounds and 2,500 pounds per event

Planning and collection must be requested two weeks in advance

(3,000) Dubuque City Expo (3,000/yr) City of Dubuque Employee

Appreciation Luncheon (600/yr) Parish Festivals (3,000/yr)

Conferences (1,000/yr)

Church Retreats (200/yr)

W ddi (300/ )weeks in advance. Unlimited tipper carts are available.

Since inception about 10,000 pounds have been composted

Weddings (300/yr)

Workshops (500/yr)

Private Parties (300/yr)

(# participants in parenthesis)

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FY11 Current FeesApril through November

Residential – 13 gal GreenCart $0.60/monthg $ /

Commercial – 48 gallon Tipper Cart $5.50/mo

Commercial ‐ 64 gallon Tipper Cart $8.50/mo

December through March (Thursdays)

Residential – 13 gal GreenCart

$1.30 sticker per container or $4.80/month

Commercial – 48 gallon Tipper Cart $10.00 / mo

Commercial ‐ 64 gallon Tipper Cart $15.00 / mo

FY10 revenues were $4,300 in subscriptions and $500 in fees

Collection Costs

Co‐collection labor and trucking costs are virtually theCo collection labor and trucking costs are virtually the same as for refuse collection, since the residential food scraps would be collected anyway. No overtime was created. Commercial and school customers are collected on each neighborhood’s route day.

Composting tip fees ($26.19) and contracted refuse tip f ($27 63) i ll h d i d i hfees ($27.63) are virtually the same and are sited in the same DMASWA complex.

Administrative and promotional costs are very small

The cost of the carts ($23.00) is amortized over 7 years

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Net Operating Costs (Apr‐Nov):

Co‐Collection Labor (no overtime) sameCo Collection Labor (no overtime) same

Additional Truck Use and Fuel $ 100

Residential Composting Tipping Fees same

Non‐Offset Composting Tipping Fees $1,000

Promotion website & PSA

Decal Printing (amortized) $ 40 Decal Printing (amortized) $ 40

Cart Amortization per year $ 160

Administration (no added staff) $ 0

$1300 / 450 equivalent customers / 8 mo = $0.36 per mo

Off‐Season Net Operating Costs

Higher (Dec-Mar)Thursday Only Collections

Co‐Collection Labor (no overtime) same

Extra Truck Use and Fuel ‐$1,500

Non‐Offset Composting Tipping Fees ‐$ 150

Subscription or Call-In AppointmentIncludes Yard Debris Only Collection

Higher and Added Subscription Fees +$1,000

Increased Sale of Single‐Use Stickers +$ 500

Promotion Website & PSA

Administration (no added staff) $ 0

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Issues Driving Program Changes

1. Expand from Residential to Increase Diversion (Overcome 4‐08)Diversion (Overcome 4 08)

“Food Waste” was seen as more a business responsibility (grocery store / restaurant) rather than a household’s

St 1 E d ti d i ti tStep 1: Expand options and incentives to some commercial, institutional, school and event customers

Resurrection Parish Festival 2010

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5 Stream Materials Management


2. Make Program Permanent to Increase Diversion (overcome 4‐08)( )

Initially subscriptions were tentative because the program was a pilot and could be terminated by City Council.

Step 2: The pilot was evaluated followingStep 2: The pilot was evaluated following the second season and established as a permanent collection option.

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3. Reduce Customer Cost to Increase Diversion (overcome 4‐08)( )

Pilot was too expensive (initially $3.25/month)

Fee reduced to $1.25/month in 2007

More participation if fee was lowered further giving “more bang for the buck”. g g g

Step 3: 2008 Fee reduced to $0.50/month

4. Collect Year‐Round to Increase Diversion (Overcome 11‐09)


( )

Program was seasonal (Apr‐Nov) with yard debris co‐collection. Causes a “start and stop” barrier to participation

Step 4: Began a one day a week collectionStep 4: Began a one‐day‐a‐week collection (Dec‐Mar) for interested subscribers requiring a call‐in and use of $1.20 yellow sticker or $4.80 / month subscription.

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5. Reduce Regulatory Barriers to Increase Diversion (being reviewed)

The IDNR’s Tonnage Cap for food scraps at our YardThe IDNR s Tonnage Cap for food scraps at our Yard Waste Composting Facility is too low for increased diversion

Step 5: Seek a variance or rule change from IDNR’s Tonnage Cap. Raise the limit from 2 tons per week to 6 or even more tons per week Balance foodto 6 or even more tons per week. Balance food scrap weekly tons with complementary local feedstock volumes and using expanded pollution prevention controls

Interested in SubscribingWhen 2 Ton Cap is Raised

C i d th t t Casinos and other restaurants

Global computer services company

Two hospitals

National software design company

ManufacturerManufacturer

Grocery chain

City departments

60 residential customers on waiting list

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6. Incentivize Customers to Increase Diversion (being reviewed)

The subscription fee offers little customer incentive to reduce combined net solid waste disposal costs

Step 6: Once additional food composting capacity is approved by IDNR, then offer residential food

ll i b ib d i b k dscrap collection subscribers and active backyard composters an option: Only set out a trash container every other week with a special decal for a reduced monthly utility fee. This would grow subscribers.


7. Plan for Long‐Term to Increase Diversion (being reviewed)

A i t l i t i tAn incremental expansion to a six ton per week cap on food residual feedstock would still be too limiting for anticipated long term expansion.

Step 7: DMASWA to consider expanding its f ilit i t d l t tfacility or encourage private development to compost more than six tons per week of food residuals under future revised IDNR rules.

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Why Invest in Composting? (1)

Economic Prosperity: Demand far exceeds supply for certified quality local compostDemand far exceeds supply for certified quality local compost

Economic development interest, green jobs and innovation potential

More food residuals tonnage needed to improve ROI

Four years of experience in composting food scraps with trained staff

Available balanced feedstock to blend with food scraps

Why Invest in Composting? (2)

Environmental Integrity: Reduces significant air pollution and GHG

Amends soils for better stormwater infiltration

Reduces soil erosion and returns nutrients to soils

Food co‐composting can pose fewer risks than MSW composting

Social / Cultural Vibrancy:/ y Long waiting list to participate in curbside collection service

Supports citizen sustainability practices and resilience

Demo project with transferability to mid‐size communities

Reduces toxics impacting human health and wellness

Addresses an Iowa priority diversion material: Organics

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8. Expand Sites to Increase Diversion and other benefits (being reviewed)

Assist other local facilities in foodAssist other local facilities in food residuals diversion strategies:

A nursery currently composting yard debris

WWTPs and CAFOs with available anaerobic digestion capacity

A local university considering on‐campus y g pcomposting technology as part of a sustainability commitment, training for green careers and environmental science research

High Solids Anaerobic Digestion (dry) with added methane capture and utilization


9. Partnership pilots in the private sector (initiated & being reviewed)

John Deere ‐ Dubuque Works

• Cafeteria Pilot Project

Partnered with a private hauler

• Dittmer Recycling• Dittmer Recycling

Using 2‐yard dumpsters

weekly collection

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Materials Management Chain

John Deere Dubuque Works cafeteria qresiduals are source separated…

… and decomposed into a soil-like product

… hauled to the DMASWA Compost Facility, where they are shredded and windrowed…

John Deere Cafeteria Pilot:

Acceptable Materials

Food scraps All food scraps from the cafeteria or bag lunches

Although not generally acceptable in backyard composting, bones from chicken, ribs, etc. are accepted at the composting facility

Paper & other fiber products Paper plates paper cups thermal sleeves Paper plates, paper cups, thermal sleeves

“Clamshell” boxes made from bagasse, the fibers remaining from cane sugar production

Napkins

Paper & cardboard boxes

• e.g. Microwave dinner packaging

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Contact:

Paul SchultzPaul Schultz

Resource Management Coordinator

City of Dubuque

[email protected]

563.589.4250



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Today’s Speakers…







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www.apwa.net

Submit completed form to:

APWA, Attn: Heather DelaCruz, 2345 Grand Ave, Suite 700, Kansas City, MO 64118 - or - Fax: (816) 595-5315

The American Public Works Association

Education Session Evaluation


Downloadable Program

Session Content: Poor Fair Good Very Good Excellent

Program Content 1 2 3 4 5

Relevance of Topic 1 2 3 4 5

Overall Session Rating 1 2 3 4 5

After attending this session, I am now better able to: Strongly Disagree

Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly Agree

… understand the value and costs of including organic recycling in my integrated waste management systems.

1 2 3 4 5

… develop a broad-based understanding of how organics recycling fits into optimizing materials management.

1 2 3 4 5

… communicate the benefits and operations of organics recycling to my community.

1 2 3 4 5

Skill of speaker(s) in presenting message:

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Would you recommend to speak again?

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Mitch Kessler 1 2 3 4

Pat Parker 1 2 3 4

Paul Schultz 1 2 3 4

Moderator: Jeff Turner 1 2 3 4

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Documents

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