Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Thecardiovascularandrespiratorysystem
1
Thecardiovascularandrespiratorysystem
Forthisunityouneedtobeableto...
LearningOutcomes: Covered? Confident?
Understandandbeabletogivesportingexamplesofwheneachrespiratorysystemmightbeused(7-8)
Understandthestructureoftherespiratorysystem,thedifferencebetweenaerobicandanaerobicrespirationandthemechanicsofbreathing(5-6)
Definetheterms‘heartrate’,‘cardiacoutput’and‘strokevolume’anddescribethedifferencesbetweenveins,arteriesandcapillaries(3-4)
Identifyandlabelthecomponentsoftheheart(1-2)
TobehandedintoyourPEteacherfirstlessonback.
Name:MAG:
ProgressLine
Thecardiovascularandrespiratorysystem
2
TheCardiovascularSystem
Thecardiovascularsysteminvolvestheheart,thebloodvesselsandtheblood.
Firstthoughts:Whatdoestheheartdo?Whyisthisimportanttosportspeople?
Theheartoperatesadoublecirculatorysysteminwhichbloodflowsthroughthehearttwice.
BloodVessels
Whenthebloodleavestheheartitistransportedaroundthebodyinthreemaintypesofbloodvessels.
BloodVessel:
Function: Characteristics:
Arteries
Veins
Capillaries
PulmonaryCirculation:
SystemicCirculation:
Thecardiovascularandrespiratorysystem
3
Task:Nexttothefollowingstatementswritewhetheryouthinkarteries,veinsorcapillariesarebeingdescribed.Dothiswithoutlookingatyournotes.
Statement: Arteries,veinsorcapillaries:
Theirroleistocarryoxygenatedbloodathighpressureawayfromtheheartthroughtheaorta
Theirroleistolinkarteriestotheveinsandallowoxygenandcarbondioxidetopassthroughtheirwalls
Theirroleistocarrydeoxygenatedbloodbacktotheheart
Theyhavethinwalls
Theycarrybloodunderhighpressure
Theyhavevalves
Theycontainbloodunderpressure
Thedonothavevalves
Theyareonlyonecellthick
Theyhavethick,muscular,elasticwalls
Thecardiovascularandrespiratorysystem
4
BloodFlowDuringExercise
Thecardiovascularandrespiratorysystem
5
TheStructureoftheHeart
Thecardiovascularandrespiratorysystem
6
TheCardiacCycleandthePathwayoftheBlood
Thefillingoftheheartfollowsaparticularsequence.Thisprocessstartsintherightsideoftheheart.Therearetwostagestoeachheartbeat.
1.
2.
Task:Completethecorrectpathwayofthebloodbelow.
Thecardiovascularandrespiratorysystem
7
TheRoleofRedBloodCells
Redbloodcellscarryoxygenfromthelungstothemusclesandremovescarbondioxidefromthemusclestothelungs.
Theycontainhaemoglobinwhichbondswithoxygentoformoxyhaemoglobin.Thesecellscarryoxygentotheworkingmuscles.Withoutthesecellsperformerswouldfatigueandstop.
Task:Howdotheredbloodcellshelpasportsperformer?Chooseoneofthesportingexamplesbelowandexplain.
CardiovascularTerms
Youneedtoknowthefollowingterms.
HeartRate:
StrokeVolume:
CardiacOutput:
Thecardiovascularandrespiratorysystem
8
InterpretingHeartRateDataandGraphs
Task:ViewthedatainthetablesfromwhenJamieisatrestandexercising.Intheboxbelowdescribewhatthetablestellyou.Discusswhythesechangeshavetakenplace.
HeartRate(bpm) StrokeVolume(ml) BreathingRate(permin)
MuscleTemperature
64 60 17 Normal
HeartRate(bpm) StrokeVolume(ml) BreathingRate(permin)
MuscleTemperature
152 140 46 Hot
Thecardiovascularandrespiratorysystem
9
InterpretingHeartRateDataandGraphs
Task:PlotthedatashowninthetableinyourworkbooktoshowhowJamie’sheartratehaschangedovertime.Labeltheaxesandjoinupthepointstomakealinegraph.Intheboxbelowdescribewhatthegraphtellsyou.
Time(Minutes) 2 4 6 8 10 12 14Heartrate(bpm) 66 80 106 120 120 140 90
Thecardiovascularandrespiratorysystem
10
Cardiovascularminiquiz
1. State3differencesbetweenveinsandarteries:
2. Whatstructuredividestheheartintotwohalves?
3. Wherearethetricuspidvalvesfound?
4. Whatisthefunctionofvalves?
5. Namethe4chambersoftheheart.
6. Namethe4majorbloodvessels.
7. Definestrokevolume.
8. Whatistheequationforcardiacoutput?
9. Doescardiacoutputincreaseordecreaseduringexercise?Why?
10. Whatistheroleofredbloodcells?
Thecardiovascularandrespiratorysystem
11
TheRespiratorySystem
Therespiratorysysteminvolvesthelungsandworkscloselywiththecardiovascularsystem.
Firstthoughts:Whatisthekeyfunctionoftherespiratorysystem?Whyisthisimportanttosportspeople?
ThePathwayofAir
Oxygentravelsalongapathwayfromthenoseandmouthtothealveoli.
Task:Labeltherespiratorysystembelow.
Thecardiovascularandrespiratorysystem
12
GaseousExchange
Gaseousexchangetakesplaceatthealveoli.Thesearetinyairsacsinthelungs.Whenyoubreatheintheyfillwithair.Thisiswhereoxygenistransferredintothebloodstreamandcarbondioxideisremovedfromtheblood.
Tohelpthisprocessthebodyhasthefollowingfeatures:
1.2.3.4.5.6.
Thecardiovascularandrespiratorysystem
13
TheMechanicsofBreathing
Theprocessofbreathingisaidedbytwomuscles.
• H• H
Thesemusclesenablethelungstoexpandmoreduringinspiration.
Breathingisthefirststageinsupplyingoxygentoourbodycells.
Task:Sortthestatementsintoorderbyputtingthenumbers1-4intheboxesnexttothem.
Inspiration
Statement YourRanking
CorrectRanking
Thepressureinsideourlungsfallsastheyexpand.Thehigherpressureofairoutsidemeansairisnowsuckedintothelungsthroughthenoseandmouth.
Thediaphragmcontracts.Itpullsdownandflattensouttheflooroftheribcage.
Theintercostalmusclescontract,liftingtheribsupwardsandoutwardscausingthechesttoexpand.
Thelungsincreaseinsizeasthechestexpands.
Expiration
Statement YourRanking
CorrectRanking
Thediaphragmrelaxes.Itispushedbackintoadomedpositionbytheorgansunderneathit.
Thepressureinsidethelungsincreasesastheygetsmaller.Theairpressureoutsideisnowlowerthaninourlungs.Airisforcedoutofthelungsthroughthenoseandmouth.
Theintercostalmusclesrelax.Theribsmovedownwardsandinwardsundertheirownweight.Thechestgetssmaller.
Thelungsdecreaseinsizeasthechestgetssmaller.Theyaresqueezedbytheribsanddiaphragm.
Thecardiovascularandrespiratorysystem
14
RespiratoryTerms
Youneedtoknowthefollowingterms.
TidalVolume:
BreathingRate:
MinuteVentilation:
BreathingVolumesandExercise
Task:ViewthedatainthetablefromwhenHannahisatrestandthenexercising.Whatchangeshavetakenplaceandwhy?
Tidalvolumeatrest(ml) Tidalvolumeduringexercise(ml)500 3500
Thecardiovascularandrespiratorysystem
15
AerobicandAnaerobicRespiration
Therearetwotypesofrespiration.
AerobicRespiration:
• S
• S
• S
Sportingexamples:
AnaerobicRespiration:
• S
• S
• S
•
Sportingexamples:
Thecardiovascularandrespiratorysystem
16
IdentifyingAerobicandAnaerobicExercise
Task:Watchthevideosonthepowerpointandconsiderthesportsbelow.Writewhetheryouthinktheactivityisanaerobicoraerobicandexplainyouranswer.
Football
AerobicorAnaerobic:
Explain:
100mSprint
AerobicorAnaerobic:
Explain:
HighJump
AerobicorAnaerobic:
Explain:
Netball
AerobicorAnaerobic:
Explain:
Thecardiovascularandrespiratorysystem
17
Respiratorysystemminiquiz
1. Whatisthenameofthemusclelocatedbelowthelungsthataidsinspirationandexpiration?
2. Whatisthenextstageinthepathwayofairaftertheairandmouth?
3. Whatisthenameoftheprocesswherecarbondioxideandoxygenaretransferred?
4. Whichtypeofbloodvesselcoversthealveolitoallowthistotakeplace?
5. Definetidalvolume.
6. Whathappenstobreathingrateduringexerciseandwhy?
7. Whatistheequationforminuteventilation?
8. Giveasportingexampleofaerobicrespiration.
9. Giveasportingexampleofanaerobicrespiration.
10. Wouldaweightlifterbeexercisingaerobicallyoranaerobically?
Thecardiovascularandrespiratorysystem
18
TheCardiovascularandRespiratorySystems
• H
• H
Task:Applytheaboveinformationtoasportspersonofyourchoice.Thinkabovespecificexamplesfromthatsport.
Thecardiovascularandrespiratorysystem
19
6MarkQuestion
Usingpracticalexamples,explainwhatismeantbyaerobicandanaerobicexercise.(6)
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Thecardiovascularandrespiratorysystem
20
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Feedback:
Thecardiovascularandrespiratorysystem
21
6MarkQuestion
Describethepathwayofbloodthroughthedoublecirculatorysystem.(6)
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Thecardiovascularandrespiratorysystem
22
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
