Upload
others
View
12
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
THE CECS ARE COMING: ADVANCED OXIDATION PROCESSES FOR THE REMOVAL OF CONTAMINANTS OF
EMERGING CONCERN
Confidential
Dr. Peter Kolosov
Best Conference – May 9, 2019
• Contaminants of Emerging Concern (CECs)HistoryOccurrenceEnvironment and Public HealthLegislation
• Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs)HistoryMechanismTypesBenefitsApplication
• AOPs for the Removal of CECsConventional treatmentEmerging solutionsAOPs now
• QM EnvironmentalOverviewNext Steps and a call for discussion and collaboration
OUTLINE
Confidential
WWT ACROSS CANADA
Confidential
Levels of wastewater treatment across Canada for the population served bysewers. Data were obtained from the 2011 Municipal Water Use Report(Environment Canada, 2011), based on 2009 data collected in the MunicipalWater and Wastewater Survey.
CECS. A BRIEF HISTORY OF TERM
Confidential
“Any synthetic or naturally occurring chemical or any microorganism that is not commonly monitored in the environment but has the potential to enter the environment and cause known or suspected adverse ecological and/or human health effects.”
The United States Geological Survey (USGS)
CECs
Personal Care
Products
Hormones
Illicit Drugs
Herbicides, Pesticides, Insecticides
Pharma
PFAS
CECS’ OCCURRENCE IN WATER
Confidential
Group CEC MarkerReported concentration in effluent wastewater
(µg/L)
PCPsTrimethoprim 0.62
Triclosan 0.32
Pharma
Diclofenac 0.36Gemfibrozil 3.25Ibuprofen 3.6Naproxen 2.3
Sulfamethoxazole 0.92Carbamazepine 0.27Venlafaxine 3.14
Hormones
Estrone 0.075
17a‐ethinylestrad 0.06
17b‐Estradiol 0.015
HerbicidesAtrazine 0.25Mecoprop 0.5
Illicit DrugsCocaine 0.02Morphine 0.04
Amphetamine 0.4
PFCs (PFAS, PFOS, etc) 0.5
Households
Manufacturing & Industrial facilities
WWTPs
Surface waters
WTPsGround water
Landfills
Farms
Biosolids & land
application
CECS’ PATHWAYS TO OUR HOMES
Confidential
Sewer
Direct release
Leaching
Solids
Drinking water
Direct release
Contamination
Contamination
Manure
Leaching
Effluent
Direct release
CECS – ALL ABOUT THE BASSCEC Categories and examples of associated environmental and health effects
Confidential
CEC Category Source of detection Suspected health effects and environmental exposure
Personal Care Products
Ground‐waters, surface waters, sewage, wastewater treatment plant effluent, biosolids, aquatic sediments
Bacterial resistance, endocrine disruption
Hormones Surface waters, groundwater, potable water, recycled water, wastewater, sewage, effluent, biosolids
Endocrine disruption, negative effects on reproductive activity in animals
Illicit drugs Surface waters, recycled water, wastewater, effluent, biosolids
Endocrine disruption, organ damage, respiratory impairment, cancer
Herbicides, Pesticides, Insecticides
Groundwater, surface water, potable water, recycled water
Endocrine disruption, carcinogenic, negative effects on reproductive activity in animals
Pharmaceuticals Groundwater, surface water, wastewater treatment plant effluent, land applied biosolids, potable water, recycled water
Development of antibiotic resistance genes, iincreased cancer rates, organ damage, chronic toxic effects
PFCs Rivers down gradient of landfills and PBDE manufacturing sites, sewage sludge, natural waterways, sediments
Endocrine disruption, indications of increased risk for cancer
The health effects of subtle, chronic human exposure to these contaminants include the development of antibiotic resistance, endocrine disruption, and carcinogenicity (X.Bai et al., 2018).
CECS – LEGISLATION AND REGULATIONWhat is on the map?
Confidential
ADVANCED OXIDATION. 198..AOPs and OH Formation Processes
Confidential
The term “Advanced Oxidation” described as “those which involve the generation of hydroxylradicals in sufficient quantity to affect water purification.” (Glaze et al., 1987)
AOPs ∙OH formation
Physical AOPs
Plasma
Microwave
Ultrasound
Catalytic AOPs
Fenton process
Photocatalytic process
Ozone based process
Ozonation
Catalytic ozonation
Peroxone‐process
UV‐based
UV/H2O2
UV/Ozone
UV/Cl2
ADVANCED OXIDATION. 198..Oxidation Potential
Confidential
Oxidation potential ‐ the potential at which oxidation occurs at the anode in an electrochemical cell.Increase in the oxidation potential increases the tendency of reducing the bacteria and unwantedpathogens, by stealing electrons from the bacteria’s DNA, cell membranes and proteins.
Compound Oxidation Potential, V
Relative Power to Chlorine
Hydroxyl Radicals 2.80 2.05Ozone 2.07 1.52
Hydrogen Peroxide 1.77 1.30Chlorine 1.36 1.00
Through the decades chlorine, with oxidation potential of 1.36 V, was added to water because it has a high ORP
and thus is an effective disinfectant
AOPS MECHANISMSTEPS
Confidential
I. Formation of Hydroxyl RadicalII. Reaction of these oxidants with organic compounds in the waterIII. Reaction of biodegradable intermediates with oxidants referred to as mineralization
AOPs Formation of Oxidative agents
CECs and Micropollutants
Biodegradable compounds
H2O, CO2, inorganic salts
• Tertiary and additional treatment• Odor and taste control• Disinfection• Removal of non/low biodegradable compounds• Decrease of toxicity level• TOC Removal• Removal of wide range of CECs with single or
hybrid techniques
AOPS – SCOPE OF APPLICATION
Confidential
Easily generated
Highly Reactive
Non‐selective
Easily generated
Short lived
Powerful oxidants
AOPS – APPLICATION
Confidential
Capacity/Adequacy High‐tech equipment required.
Performance High efficiency except for few chemicals
Costs High operation costs
Self‐help Compatibility Engineers are required for the design
O&M Generally continuous supply of chemicals (ozone, H2O2…) required
Reliability Reliable if operating conditions are scaled taking into account wastewater content
Main strength Destroys almost all organics without pollution transfer to another phase
Main weakness Operation costs
• By‐product precursors• Range and characteristics of contaminants• Presence of scavenging compounds• Cost and operation time
AOPS – TO CONSIDER
Confidential
CEC’S – WHY CAN’T BE REMOVED Why CECs cannot be removed with the conventional wastewater treatment techniques?
Confidential
• Broad range of synergistic technologies, that combines various AOPs together to address removal of more matrixes and compounds
• Decrease in O&M cost due emerging technologies and market development• Skid or module treatment pilots that could be deployed in a small and remote
communities in a relative short period of time• Diversity of application: water and wastewater treatment, remediation projects,
potable and drinking water
AOPS + CECSToday’s market
Confidential
AOPS + CECS
Confidential
• A shorter retention time provided better performance in disinfection and atrazine removal.• The effect of ozone concentration in the feed gas differed depending on the catalyst.• The catalysts dampened the negative effect of NO2 and COD on efficiency of treatment.• Treatment performance for disinfection was maintained when treating real wastewater.
• TiO2‐Al2O3 and AL‐1010S improved disinfection and CECs removal.• Polonite® did not enhance the removal of CEC but led to higher E. coli inactivation.• Zeolite and wollastonite provided limited effects in the range of conditions tested.• •OH were important for the removal of compounds with low reactivity towards ozone.• AL‐1010S and TiO2‐Al2O3 seem to be reusable based on preliminary testing.
WHO WE ARE
QM Environmental is an Environmental & Industrial Services company with offices and qualified teams strategically located across Canada. We provide end‐to‐end capabilities to the industries and customers we serve.
We offer technical expertise across a full range of services and a strong commitment to safely delivering quality, value, and integrity to every project and backed by over 30 years of experience.
With a team of over 700 employees, we solve environmental challenges through our best practices in Health & Safety, project management, regulatory compliance, and communication.
Confidential
Our Services Include:
• Environmental Remediation
• Hazardous Materials Abatement
• Demolition/Decommissioning
• Strategic Emergency Management
• Environmental Response Services
• Waste Management & Facilities
• Water Treatment
• Training
• Materials Recycling
INTEGRATED SERVICE OFFERINGS
Confidential
Mississauga –Corporate Head Office
Hamilton – Waste Management
Facility
Stoney Creek Regional Office
Ottawa –Regional Office
Port Hope –Regional Office
Calgary Regional Corporate Office
Edmonton Regional Office
Delta Corporate
Regional Office
Victoria Regional Office
Saskatoon Regional Office
COAST TO COAST INTEGRATION
• Explore the development of new technologies for the removal of CECs from water• Provide economical and environmentally efficient technology for PFAS removal,
achieving 99.9% in pilot case studies• Create standalone or integrated design build solutions for complex and pressing
issues through a collaborative and forward thinking model.
NEXT STEPS
Discussion and Collaboration
Confidential
Engaging Various Stakeholders
• Environmental Consultants• Engineering Consultants• Indigenous Groups• Industry• Federal and Municipal Agencies
Addressing Contaminants of Emerging Concern
Thank You
Peter Kolosov, Ph.D., EITWater Treatment Project Manager
[email protected] (604) 238 – 2257 (o)(604) 328 – 5892 (c)