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The European Commission’s scienceand knowledge service
Joint Research Centre
The European Commission's Raw Materials Information System (RMIS):
the importance of resource classification in integratingknowledge and EU policies on raw materials
Constantin CIUPAGEA
European Commission, DG Joint Research Centre
Head of Unit Land Resources
With support from staff in JRC Raw Materials Project
Symposium on the “Availability of raw materials from secondary sources”Geneva, 24th April 2018, UNECE Resource Management Week 2018
DG JRC's Vision: "To play a central role in creating, managing and making sense of the collective scientific knowledge for better EU policy."
DG JRC's Mission: "As the science and knowledge service of the Commission our mission is to support EU policies with independent evidence throughout the whole policy cycle."
EU Policy NeedsManaging Knowledge on Raw Materials
EIP RM (2012-2013)- Asks for the EU Raw Materials Knowledge Base- Strategic Implementation Plan’s three main
targets promote international cooperation, sustainable and secure supply, circularity and expansion of secondary RM market
CE Action Plan: COM(2015) 614
Horizon 2020 SC5 2018-2020:- ”Actions will also contribute to building
the EU knowledge base of primary and secondary raw materials for soliddecision making, and particularly to the further development of the EC RawMaterials Information System – RMIS”
- ”All actions (n.b. of raw materials calls) should contribute to achieving the objectives of the EIP on Raw Materialsand to building the EU knowledge base of … raw materials by feeding into the EC-JRC RMIS”
2008: EU Raw Materials Initiative (RMI)
2013: Strategic Implementation Plan (SIP) of European Innovation Partnership (EIP) on RM highlights need for European Raw Materials Knowledge Base (EURMKB)
03/2015: JRC launches the RMIS 1.0
12/2015: specific action in Circular Economy COM focuses on the key role of the RMIS
03/2017: RMIS 2.0 Roadmap
Q4 2017: launch of RMIS 2.0
RMIS is the is the European Commission’s reference knowledge platform on non-fuel, non-agriculture raw materials from primary (extraction/harvesting) and secondary
(recycled/recovered) sources. RMIS aims at becoming the reference access point to the EURMKB and the availability, coherence, and quality of knowledge required by
specific EU raw materials policies and EC services
RMIS 2.0The Context: EURMKB & RMIS
RMIS 2.0Raw Materials Knowledge Gateway (RMKG)
• Networking
• Training & knowledgeexchange
• Joint data qualitycheck
• Dissemination
Raw Materials Profiles: Sections
1. Overview2. Resources and Reserves3. Supply
3.1. Production3.2. EU imports
4. Demand4.1. EU exports4.2. EU consumption
5. RM Supply Chains5.1. Applications / end uses5.2. Material Flow Analyses5.3. Secondary raw materials
6. Market (and Prices)6.1. Value added and Jobs6.2. Prices6.3. Export restrictions and trade agreements
7. Research and Development8. Sustainability Aspects
8.1. Environmental sustainability aspects8.2. Social sustainability aspects
Raw Materials Profiles: Overview
Source: Philip Nuss and Theodor Ciuta, Visualization of Raw Material Supply Chains using the EU Criticality Datasets, JRC report under publication (2018)
It includes:
1. Description of the raw material;2. Production process;3. Main uses;5. Summary of most relevant data (e.g. production, trade, recycling, sustainability).
Raw Materials Profiles:EU Supply Chain and Supply (Production)
Source: EU MSA study (2012 data)
Global and EU cobalt mine production between 2010-2015
Source: JRC elaboration based on World Mining Data (2017) http://www.world-mining-data.info/
Divided into 9 thematic sections, each of them containing country-level indicators relevant for raw materials:
1. Economic performance: performance of industry, with a focus on mining and manufacturing (e.g., production, value added, main industrial sectors, etc.)
2. Investments and regulatory framework: FDI and exploration budgets in metals and mining
3. Material flows: country’s Sankey Diagram, including annual flows of non-food and non-energy raw materials
4. Resources and estimates reserves, based on available data
Structure of RMIS’ Country Profile module (1)
5. Production of raw materials and output of relevant industrial sectors (e.g., mining of metal ores; Manufacturing of basic metals)6. Trade in raw material commodities (primary and intermediates), based on international trade statistics: e.g., exports and imports by broad commodity groups; top 20 non-food, non-energy raw material commodities exported/imported 7. Environmental indicators: land use; greenhouse gas and PM2.5 emission intensity; waste generation8. Social and political environment, including indicators on employment in the raw materials sectors; occupational safety: indices of governance and political framework’s perception.
Description of RMIS’ Country Profile module (2)
Italy: MFA-based indicators
Material flow visualization The visualizations include four major material categories(metals, construction minerals, industrial minerals and biomass (timber and products from biomass and animals)).
The resulting Sankey diagrams can help to show the magnitude of material flows (domestic extraction, imports, and exports) and end-of-life waste generation and treatment for different EU countries.
Italy: Trade in RM commodities
Exports and imports by broad commodity groups (million USD)
Product group Export Import
Raw materials (UNCTAD-SoP1) 13,023.5 49,886.9
Intermediates (INCTAD-SoP2) 87,081 107,840.5
Minerals (HS 25-26) 1,091.6 2,416.1
Wood (HS 44-49) 10,366.3 12,089
Stone and Glass (HS 68-71) 20,559 13,187
Metals (HS 72-83) 40,734 35,155
Italy: Trade in RM commodities
Top 20 non-food, non-energy raw material commodities imported in 2014
Top 20 non-food, non-energy raw material commodities exported in 2014
16
Available via https://publications.europa.eu
EU 2017 List of Critical Raw MaterialsJRC’s role
Background Report Complements and expands Guidelines Published with Guidelines in July2017
Revised methodology December 2015 External Contractor implemented 2016-2017
(1) MEGASECTORS NACE-2(2) More detailed and precise allocation of RM uses to their
corresponding NACE-2 sectors(3) Use of a RM-specific substitution index in the calculation of
Economic Importance
Economic Importance
Two main novelties of the refined EI component include:
𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸 = �(𝐴𝐴𝑠𝑠 ∗ 𝑄𝑄𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠
) ∗ 𝑆𝑆𝐸𝐸
Importance of Resource Classification
Non–energy non-agricultural abiotic raw materials in EU statistics
NACE 07.10 - Mining of iron ores NACE 07.29 - Mining of other non-ferrous metal ores NACE 08.11 - Quarrying of ornamental and building stone, limestone, gypsum, chalk and slate NACE 08.12 - Operation of gravel and sand pits; mining of clays and kaolinNACE 08.91 - Mining of chemical and fertiliser mineralsNACE 08.93 - Extraction of saltNACE 08.99 - Other mining and quarrying n.e.c.
Issues in EU statistics
1.The level of aggregation is such that it is not useful• Data are too aggregated, often• Availability at EU statistics level limited by confidentiality clauses; however, basic
data are available at Member States level2.Relevant raw materials are not considered3.Data are not always aligned (disaggregation level) with:
• Trade statistics• Economy-wide Material Flow Accounts (EW-MFA)• National statistics
4. Data can be displayed as• Ore, brine, etc.• Concentrate
Importance of Resource Classification
- The 2nd Annual International Workshop on RMIS- Ispra, Italy, 14-15 May 2018- Focus on information on countries and on secondary
market for critical raw materials
- The JRC Day on Raw Materials Knowledge Management- Brussels, Raw Materials Week, November 2018- Focus on the methodology for assessing EU criticality of
raw materials and on security of supply
JRC Events 2018
