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The Great War
“The War to end all Wars”
LONG RANGE CAUSES OF WORLD WAR I
WARM UP:• What causes countries to go to war?
• Why do we fight?
• What role does foreign policy have in wars?
• Turn & Talk: Share ONE response with your partner
CAUSE: NATIONALISM
Nationalism: loyalty and devotion to a nation. Placing emphasis on the promotion of one’s own culture and interests above other nations.
• Excessive nationalism brought hatred and ill feelings between nations.
• National prestige…minor threats considered an insult to a nations honor
• Pan-Germanism = Germans felt they should be the champions of the world.
CAUSE: IMPERIALISM
• The Great Powers (Britain, France, Germany, Russia, Italy, Austria) competed for territories in Africa, Asia, and the Middle East. Each country trying to build up their own empires.
CAUSE: MILITARISM
• Militarism: a policy of aggressive military preparedness. Glorification of military ideals and use of a “military class” to run a country.
BRAINSTORM ON YOUR PAPER
• What is one advantage of a militaristic nation?
• What is one disadvantage of a militaristic nation?
• Turn & Talk: Share your responses with your partner
CAUSE: ALLIANCES
• If one nation in an alliance was attacked, the others would come to their defense.
• Treaties were occasionally settled in secret, and many citizens did not know what their countries were doing behind closed doors.
ALLIANCES: IMMEDIATE CAUSE
• The assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand of Austria set off a chain reaction of war declarations throughout Europe.
• France, Great Britain, and Russia
• Joined later…Greece, Italy, Portugal, United States, etc…
• Austria-Hungary, Germany
• Joined later…Ottoman Empire
DIVISION OF EUROPECentral Powers Allied Powers
THE UNITED STATES RESPONSE TO THE OUTBREAK OF WWI
• What did George Washington tell future presidents in his farewell Address?
• President Wilson issues a Proclamation of Neutrality at the start of the war in 1914.
• Many Americans are pro-Allied Powers
British heritage
France gave us aid in Rev. War
THE ART OF PERSUASION
• Propaganda: a campaign used to create support for your side. Information or rumors used by a group or government to promote it’s own cause or to attack and damage an opposing cause.
• Information may or may not be true. Purpose is to persuade to adopt a view or take action.
• Germany was increasing its empire through militarism, and world-wide trade.
• United States (especially business owners) see this as threatening.
• Germany attacks Belgium (neutral country)
ANTI-GERMAN PROPAGANDA
CLOSING: EXIT SLIP
• Which two long term causes do you believe had the biggest impact on WWI and why?