THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION IN THE UNITED STATES

1877-1907

Industrial Revolution/Social Darwinism

Industrial Revolution: the industrial shift in America during the late 1800’s and early 1900’s in which products were now made with machines, not the hands of slave labor.

Social Darwinism: the growing idea in America during the I.R. which stated that the strongest survive and rise to the top of society.

I. NEW RAILROADS

May 10, 1869- 1st transcontinental railroad was finished.

Started in Philadelphia, PA Ended in San Francisco, CA

II. STEEL REPLACES IRON

By the 1900's- railroads were expanding and steel became the first choice to replace iron.

Andrew Carnegie- immigrant from Scotland, became one of the wealthiest American's ever.

Created the U.S. Steel Co. Developed the idea of corporations.

III. “BLACK GOLD”

By 1900- oil (aka black gold) refineries were all over the country.

John D. Rockefeller- created the Standard Oil Co. in Ohio

Controlled 90% of the nation's refinery industry.

Created a monopoly= total control of an industry. (think about the game)

IV. CARS

1903- Henry Ford finished the Model T and created the Ford Corporation.

Assembly Line Method- each worker on the line has a job to do, creating a more efficient/faster way to produce a product.

By 1927- Ford was producing one car every 25 seconds.

MODERN DAY ASSEMBLY LINE

V. BELL & EDISON

Alexander Graham Bell- invented the telephone in 1876.

Thomas Edison- in 40 years he invented 1,093 products.

All of these inventions led to new and profitable industries.

Review Questions

Complete after notes: pg. 389 #’s 1-5

*Answer in complete sentences for credit

WELCOME TO CRATE'S FACTORY OF U.S. FLAGS

MEMO TO ALL NEW EMPLOYEES! Congratulations on being hired as an

employee at Curry's Co. You have been hand picked to produce the

finest made U.S. Flag ever!! You will be required to complete all work

assigned to you, as we will utilize Henry Ford's assembly line method of production.

THE ASSEMBLY LINE ACTIVITY

Your job is to complete a U.S. Flag (modified). You MUST follow the instructions given by

your supervisor, EXACTLY HOW THEY ARE GIVEN.

Failure to do so will result in you being fired, homeless, sick, and embarrassed.

THE ASSEMBLY LINE ACTIVITY

The line that finishes the most accurate products when time expires will be rewarded.

The Supervisor has ALL control over the production methods.

Should he find something unsatisfactory, he will remove the item, and you must start over!

CH. 17 SEC. 2 & 3 NOTESIMMIGRATION & URBANIZATION

1890-1910

ELLIS ISLAND, NY

I. IMMIGRATION

1900-1910: around 8 million people from Europe, Russia, and Asia came to the U.S.

Why? 1. Escaped religious/gov't corruption 2. Escaped disease and famine 3. Opportunity for a new and better life 4. Industrial job growth

IMMIGRATION MAP

II. FARMING CHANGES

By 1900- farmer's were benefiting from new inventions.

1902- the U.S. Post Office started delivering free mail to the countryside, and the Sears catalog was the first and most popular.

Poorer farmers- were run out of business and moved in search of city jobs.

III. EFFECTS ON CITY LIFE

Most immigrants settled in the Northeast or the Midwest.

The South was still behind in industry and lacked jobs. (same today??)

Overcrowding- with so many new people, cities had a hard time adjusting to new problems.....

III. EFFECTS CONT..

Tenements- apartments with tiny rooms, little or no ventilation, and few repairs.

Suburbs- because of overcrowding and poverty, the wealthier moved outside the city into planned communities.

Streetcars, trains, and cars took them to their jobs in the cities.

TENEMENTS

SANITATION

CHICAGO, IL

SUBURBS

BILTMORE HOUSE

IV. CALLS FOR REFORM

Populism- mostly farmers who focused their political attention to meeting the needs of common people.

Progressivism- focused in the cities, this group was made up of middle-class citizens. Believed gov't should solve social, economic, and political problems.

V. JANE ADDAMS & HULL HOUSE

Jane Addams- a national reformer who taught immigrants how to read, cook, and provided kindergarten for working mothers.

VI. MUCKRAKERS

Authors who wrote vivid stories about child labor, and gov't/political corruption.

Many of these books/articles led to new laws to protect consumers.

Ex- FDA, Sherman Anti-Trust Act, Meat Inspection Act.

“THE JUNGLE”

VII. A NEW PRESIDENT

1901-1909- Theodore (Teddy) Roosevelt was the 26th Pres. of the U.S.

He was known as a progressive and worked towards creating a better U.S. society.

He also began to expand American power by controlling areas in S. America and the Caribbean.

ROOSEVELT

Warm-Up Notes Follow Up Questions

Pg 392 #'s 2,3,4 pg. 397 #'s 3,4,5 Do not write question, answer in sentences.

Pg. 392

2. Farmer's were victims of their own success because the new machinery replaced the work of humans, thus, many small farmers went out of business.

3. Large cities needed police officers, firefighters, etc... New technology created jobs in the telephone industry and transportation.

4. Should poverty be overlooked in the name of progress?

Pg. 397

3. Labor Unions were created to improve poor working conditions and attain better wages.

4. The Sherman Anti-trust Act outlawed monopolies (except utility co.)

5. The growth of industry turned the U.S. into an industrial giant and paved the way for the future. However, this growth also resulted in poor working/living conditions for many new immigrants.