The links of MARsite with existing monitoring infrastructures in the

EU and International context

Paolo Favali INGV/EMSO

SummarySummary points to one of the Mediterranean areas with major earthquake and

tsunami threat , being one of the most populated areas is aimed at moving a step forward a new concept of risk mitigation an

management based on long-term multi-disciplinary monitoring both on land and at sea

Relies upon the coordination of research groups with different scientific skills from seismology to enginee-ring to gas geochemistry in a comprehensive and integrated monitoring system in the Marmara Sea and surrounding areas

The seismicity of the Marmara Region from combined catalogues of KOERI and TUBITAK (1964-2011, M ≥2.5)

MARsite and Istanbul supersitePeculiarities: NAF extends in the Marmara Sea

The deformation rates (20 mm/y) very high compared to any other marine sites in Europe, numerous fluid vents and related features have been discovered also along the marine segment of the fault

Optimal area to test hypothesis on the relations between strike-slip deformation, seismic activity, fluid flow and gas expulsion Seafloor in-situ measurements are needed to complement the land in- situ data and remote sensing data

Status as of 2012 of TUBITAK and GFZ fluid monitoring networks around the Sea of Marmara. Geothermal inventory compiled from various authors (see text). Onshore faults taken from [Saroglu et al., 1992]; offshore faults taken from [Armijo et al., 2002]

Built on past and on-going experienceBuilt on past and on-going experienceEuropean projectsEuropean projects

e.g., TERRAFIRMA, PREVIEW, LESSLOSS, NERIES, SERIES, TRANSFER, SHARE, SYNER-

G, TRIDEC, NERA, SAFER, REAKT and ESONET-NoEby including their contributions and principal partners, avoiding duplication and using their successes and momentum to create a better understanding of geo-hazards

Exploit and be compliant to European / Exploit and be compliant to European / International Programmes / Infrastructures, International Programmes / Infrastructures, and complement actionsand complement actionsESFRIESFRI large-scale Research Infrastructures: EPOSEPOS (European Plate Observing System) EMSOEMSO (European Multidisciplinary Seafloor and water column Observatory) COPERNICUS-GMESGMES (Global Monitoring for Environment and Security) GEOGEO (Group of earth Obeservation) Work Programme 2012-2015

I

http://www.emso-eu.org/http://www.emso-eu.org/

European European Multidisciplinary Multidisciplinary Seafloor and water-Seafloor and water-columncolumnObservatoryObservatory

EMSOEMSO,, a Research Infrastructure of the ESFRI Roadmap, is the European network of fixed seafloor and water column observatories constituting a distributed infrastructure for long-term monitoring of environmental processes

Ruhl et al., 2011

International dimensionInternational dimensionNEPTUNE Canada DONET Japan

IMOS Australia

MACHO Taiwan

ECSSOS China

OOI United States

Marmara Marmara Sea EMSO Sea EMSO nodenode

Sea of Marmara

Istanbul

DEGASSING EVENTSDEGASSING EVENTSEmbriaco et al. Embriaco et al. (GJI, under rev.)(GJI, under rev.)

O2 (mM)

T (°C)

CH4

(mM)

SN4 locationSN4 location

eastern part of the sea at the westernmost end of the fault rupture caused by the 1999 Izmit earthquake.

Main goals: Relationship between Seismicity & Gas seepage

ESONET-NoE Marmara DMESONET-NoE Marmara DM Partners: Turkey, Italy, France

Experiment2009-2010

Map of the cabled OBSs (Ocean Bottom Seismometers) in the Marmara Sea(KOERI with Guralp Ltd. collaboration)

EPOS a long-term integration plan of EPOS a long-term integration plan of research infrastructures for solid Earthresearch infrastructures for solid Earth

Science in Europe Science in EuropeINGV

Preparatory Phase ProjectPreparatory Phase Project

www.epos-eu.orgwww.epos-eu.org

What is EPOS ?EPOS is a long-term integration plan that aims to create a single sustainable, permanent and distributed infrastructure that includes:

• geophysical monitoring networks• local observatories (including permanent in-situ and volcano observatories) • experimental & analogue laboratories in Europe

EPOS will give open access to geophysical and geological data and modelling tools, enabling a step change in multi-disciplinary scientific research into different areas

MARsite can take advantage also of the EMSO-MARsite can take advantage also of the EMSO-EPOS links to collaborate with other initiativesEPOS links to collaborate with other initiatives

Implementation of common solutions for a cluster of ESFRI infrastructures in the field of "Environmental Sciences"

Frontier environmental research increasingly depends on a wide range of data and advanced capabilities to process and analyse them. The ENVRI project is a collaboration in the ESFRI Environment Cluster, with support from ICT experts, to develop common e-science components and services for their facilities.

The results will speed up the construction of these infrastructures and will allow scientists to use the data and software from each facility to enable multi-disciplinary science http://envri.eu/

Connecting Research Infrastructures

Coord.: Christoph Waldmann MARUM - U. Bremen

Strengthening the cooperation between the US and the EU in the field of environmental research infrastructures

Developing world-class research infrastructures for environmental research is one of the top priorities of the European Union Research Policies

The COOPEUS project shall bring together scientists and users being involved in Europe’s major environmental related research infrastructure projects, i.e. EISCAT, EPOS, LifeWATCH, EMSO, ICOS, with their US counterparts - NSF funded projects - AMISR, EARTHSCOPE, OOI, NEON, DataONE

coopeus@marum.de

Solid Earth Dynamics

The goal of integrating seismic stations into a coherent network is to promote and make possible innovative approaches for a better understanding of the physical processes controlling earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, unrest episodes and tsunamis as well as those driving tectonics and Earth surface dynamics. Integration of the existing national and trans-national research infrastructures will increase access and use of the multidisciplinary data recorded by the solid Earth monitoring networks, acquired in laboratory experiments and/or produced by computational simulations. Bringing the initiatives EPOS, ORFEUS, Earthscope, IRIS and UNAVCO together will foster worldwide interoperability in Earth Science.

• INGV (Massimo Cocco; massimo.cocco@ingv.it)

• ORFEUS (Torild van Eck; torild.van.eck@knmi.nl)

• IRIS (Tim Ahern; tim@iris.washington.edu)

• UNAVCO (Charles Meertens; chuckm@unavco.org)

Ocean ObservationsSustained ocean measurements are a crucial element also to study seafloor processes, plate-scale geodynamics, and climate variability. The ocean related research infrastructures will enable powerful new scientific approaches for exploring the complexities of earth-ocean-atmosphere interactions

OCEAN OBSERVATORIES (EMSO, OOI)

• SCRIPPS (John Orcutt; jorcutt@ucsd.edu)

• UW (John Delaney; jdelaney@u.washington.edu)

• WHOI (Robert Weller; rweller@whoi.edu)

• INGV (Laura Beranzoli; laura.beranzoli@ingv.it)

• MI (Fiona Grant; Fiona.Grant@marine.ie)

EO observations

GEOSS

Integration Integration in GEOSSin GEOSS

EPOSEPOS

Global Ocean Observing

System

EMSOEMSOCContribution to GEOontribution to GEO

In-situ measurements