Key Concepts End of religious unity in the west Attacks on the
church (institutions, doctrine, practices and personnel) Protestant
First used for protesting German princes who met in 1529 150 years
of religious wars Creation of Protestant faiths Lutheranism
Calvinism
Slide 4
The Churchs Problems Controversy over the sale of indulgences
Charges of greed Political power challenged Corruption of the
Papacy The Borgia Family (1430 1500) Growing human confidence vs.
original sin Anti-clericalism HELL
Slide 5
Technological Revolution Printing Press (1440) Paper becomes
easier and cheaper to make Radical thoughts could be quickly passed
on and in multiple languages Ideas spread before Catholics could
squash them
Slide 6
Erasmus (1456 1536) Dutch priest and Humanist Knew Latin, Greek
and Hebrew Retranslated the Bible and found errors Used printing
press Cultural Revolution
Slide 7
England Better educated population John Wycliffe translated
Eramus Bible into English (1382)
Slide 8
Martin Luther (1483 1546) Sense of unworthiness and a fear of
God Confronted the Church Married Katherine von Bora
Slide 9
Martin Luther Troubled by the sale of indulgences Dominican
friar, Tetzel, was selling indulgences in Wittenberg in 1517 Luther
posted his 95 theses on the door of the church in Wittenberg on
October 31, 1517
Slide 10
One of the 95 Theses Again, why does not the Pope, whose riches
are at this day more ample than those of the wealthiest of the
wealthy; build the one Basilica of St. Peter with his own money,
rather than with that of poor believers?
Slide 11
Luthers Teachings Sola Fidei (Salvation by Faith Alone) Sola
Scriptura (Authority of the Scriptures Alone) Luther translated the
Bible into German
Slide 12
Martin Luther Pope paid little attention to Luther at first
Eventually Luther was excommunicated
Slide 13
England Henry VIII (1491 1547) desired a male heir Henry
created the Church of England and made himself the leader The
Anglican Church Queen Elizabeth I (1533 1603)
Slide 14
Spain Hard core Catholics Pope paid Spain to invade England
Spanish Armada defeated in 1588 Victory seen as God being on the
side of Protestants Promoted English pride and imperialism Promoted
Protestantism in rest of Europe
Slide 15
Catholicism vs. Protestantism Scripture interpreted by wisdom
Good Works and Faith 7 Sacraments Stick with Latin Clergy must be
celibate and chaste Purgatory is real Honor Saints Scripture as you
read it Faith Alone 2 Sacraments (Eucharist & Baptism) Language
of the people Clergy could marry Go to Heaven or Hell Criticized
Honoring Saints
