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The Reformation
Spreads
By: Sharon Joseph, Shechenah Dasari, Christine
Thomas, and Ashley Charales
John Calvin
• 1509-1564• French lawyer • Theologian• Responsible for
the success of the Reformation outside Germany and Scandinavia.
John CalvinJohn Calvin
Background• John Calvin most important Protestant
reformer next to Martin Luther• Educated in France, influenced by
Erasmus, Renaissance humanists• Supported reforms of Luther in Germany
“May little chickens dig out your eyes 100,000 times.”
- Calvin speaking to another reformer whose ideas he disagreed with
Anti-Catholic
Disagreed with Luther’s “Salvation through faith alone.”
Created his own Protestant religion in Switzerland
Calvin believed in:
Salvation through Predestination
At birth it is decided if you will go to heaven or hell
Foreknowledge
God knows everything that will happen in your life
Purified approach to life:
No drinking, swearing, card playing, gambling etc..
Things to Remember
1. Problems in the church like selling indulgences led to this Reformation.
2. Martin Luther and others argued that God provided salvation, not the church.
Dedication to God’s Law: Sign of Salvation
• Calvinists assumed that only unfailing dedication to God’s law could be seen as a sign of salvation.
PuritanHugeunots
Presbyterian
Started in Switzerland – Calvinists
England = Puritans
Scotland = Presbyterians
Holland = Dutch Reform
France = Huguenots
Germany = Reform Church
Revolutionaries: Right to Revolt• Calvinism could also
produce revolutionaries willing to defy any authorities perceived to be in violation of God’s laws.
Anabaptists• Believed that infants shouldn’t be
baptized because they aren’t aware yet–Some wanted to abolish private
property–Some resorted to violence to push
beliefs
Protestantism Spreads to England
A King’s Protest• 1509, Henry VIII
became king, age 17• Devout Catholic• Wrote angry protests
against Luther’s ideas• Actions won him title
“Defender of the Faith”
• By 1525, Henry had only one child, Mary
Annulment• Henry wanted male
heir, thought female monarch would weaken England
• Decided to have marriage to Catherine annulled
• Pope would not agree to annulment
The Reformation in England
• 1547 Henry dies / Edward becomes king but dies young / Mary, a Catholic becomes queen and persecutes Protestants
• 1558 Mary dies & Elizabeth becomes Queen and creates a compromise
The Reformation in England
Henry Takes Over Reformation Parliament declared that England no
longer considered itself under authority of pope Henry became head of Church of England
Church of England• Henry changed rituals of church very little• Closed Catholic monasteries, convents, distributed
much of land to nobles
# of followers
Catholic Protestant (Lutheran, Anglican, etc.)
1500 A.D.1560 A.D.1600 A.D.
Protestant Catholic
-Jesus lived, was
crucified and resurrected.
-Communion and baptism
are very important
-Jesus offers salvation but
you must work to get it.
-Salvation is . the free gift of God, you cannot earn it. -Popes can
forgive sins. -Only God can forgive sins
-Regular church members help make decisions.
-Only clergy make decisions in the church.