The Scientific RevolutionThe Scientific RevolutionIn the mid-1500s, scientists begin In the mid-1500s, scientists begin to question accepted beliefs and to question accepted beliefs and

make new theories based on make new theories based on experimentationexperimentation

The Roots of Modern ScienceThe Roots of Modern Science The Medieval ViewThe Medieval View

• Most knowledge in Most knowledge in the Middle Ages the Middle Ages comes from the comes from the Bible and Bible and Greek/Roman Greek/Roman sources.sources.

• Supports Supports geocentricgeocentric theorytheory—moon, sun, —moon, sun, planets revolve planets revolve around eartharound earth

The Roots of Modern ScienceThe Roots of Modern Science A New Way of ThinkingA New Way of Thinking

• Renaissance prompts new ways of Renaissance prompts new ways of thinking (1300-1600)thinking (1300-1600)

• Scientific Revolution—new way of Scientific Revolution—new way of viewing the natural world—based on viewing the natural world—based on observation and inquiryobservation and inquiry

• New discoveries, overseas exploration New discoveries, overseas exploration open up thinkingopen up thinking

• Scholars make new developments in Scholars make new developments in astronomy and mathematics.astronomy and mathematics.

InteractiveInteractive Complete an illustration representing Complete an illustration representing

the geocentric theorythe geocentric theory

A Revolutionary Model of the UniverseA Revolutionary Model of the Universe

The Heliocentric The Heliocentric TheoryTheory• Widely accepted Widely accepted

geocentric theory geocentric theory challenged as challenged as inaccurateinaccurate

• Copernicus develops Copernicus develops the heliocentric theorythe heliocentric theory—planets revolve —planets revolve around the sunaround the sun

• Later scientists Later scientists mathematically prove mathematically prove Copernicus to be Copernicus to be correctcorrect

NicolausCopernicus

A Revolutionary Model of the UniverseA Revolutionary Model of the Universe

Galileo’s DiscoveriesGalileo’s Discoveries• Italian scientist Italian scientist

Galileo Galilei Galileo Galilei makes key makes key advances in advances in astronomy.astronomy.

• He makes He makes discovery about discovery about planet surfacesplanet surfaces

• supports supports heliocentric theoryheliocentric theory

Galileo Galilei

A Revolutionary Model of the UniverseA Revolutionary Model of the Universe

Conflict with the Conflict with the ChurchChurch• Church attacks Church attacks

Galileo’s work, fears Galileo’s work, fears it will weaken it will weaken people’s faithpeople’s faith

• Pope forces Galileo Pope forces Galileo to declare that his to declare that his and other new and other new findings are wrongfindings are wrong

Cristiano Banti's 1857 painting Galileo facing the Roman Inquisition

InteractiveInteractive Complete an illustration representing Complete an illustration representing

the heliocentric theorythe heliocentric theory Complete an acronym showing key Complete an acronym showing key

characteristics of Galileo using the characteristics of Galileo using the word G-A-L-I-L-E-Oword G-A-L-I-L-E-O

The Scientific MethodThe Scientific Method Bacon and DescartesBacon and Descartes

• Thinkers Bacon and Descartes help to create Thinkers Bacon and Descartes help to create scientific methodscientific method

• Bacon urges scientists to experiment before Bacon urges scientists to experiment before drawing conclusionsdrawing conclusions

• Descartes advocates using logic and math to Descartes advocates using logic and math to reason out basic truthsreason out basic truths

The Scientific MethodThe Scientific Method

Francis Bacon (1561-1626) René Descartes (1595-1650)

InteractiveInteractive Using knowledge and notes from Using knowledge and notes from

Science write down the steps of the Science write down the steps of the Scientific MethodScientific Method

Newton Explains the Law of GravityNewton Explains the Law of Gravity

Newton’s TheoriesNewton’s Theories• English scientist Isaac English scientist Isaac

Newton develops theory Newton develops theory of motion—states some of motion—states some forces rule motion of forces rule motion of planets, matter in planets, matter in space, and earthspace, and earth

• LAW OF GRAVITYLAW OF GRAVITY

Isaac Newton in 1689

InteractiveInteractive Write a facebook status or tweet Write a facebook status or tweet

summarizing the Law of Gravity. summarizing the Law of Gravity. Create a hashtag for your statusCreate a hashtag for your status

The Scientific Revolution SpreadsThe Scientific Revolution Spreads

Scientific Scientific InstrumentsInstruments• Scientists develop Scientists develop

microscope, microscope, barometer, and barometer, and thermometerthermometer

• New instruments New instruments lead to better lead to better observations and observations and new discoveriesnew discoveries

microscopethermometer

simple mercury barometer

The Scientific Revolution SpreadsThe Scientific Revolution Spreads

Medicine and the Medicine and the Human BodyHuman Body• Andreas Vesalius Andreas Vesalius

improves improves knowledge of knowledge of anatomyanatomy

Andreas Vesalius

The Scientific Revolution SpreadsThe Scientific Revolution Spreads

Medicine and the Medicine and the Human Body Human Body (continued)(continued)• Edward Jenner Edward Jenner

produces world’s produces world’s first vaccination—first vaccination—for smallpoxfor smallpox

1802 caricature of Jenner vaccinating patients who feared it would make them sprout cow like appendages.

InteractiveInteractive Write a 4 sentence interpretation of Write a 4 sentence interpretation of

the cartoon from the previous slide the cartoon from the previous slide