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The Therapeutic Process in On-Line Fieldwork Supervision of Master's Students
Eileen McCabe O’Mara, Ed.D., LADC, NCCAnn Melvin, Ph.D.,CRC, CADC, LCPC
NAADAC 2019
651-270-0180e-mail—[email protected]
I AND THOU
Relation is reciprocity. My You acts on me as I act on it. Out students teach us, our works form us. The “wicked” become a revelation when they are touched by the sacred word. How are we educated by children, by animals! Inscrutably involved, we live in the currents of universal reciprocity.• Martin Buber
Introduction:
The Therapeutic Process in On-Line Fieldwork Supervision of Master's Students
Goals and ObjectivesCreating Structure
Powell’s Model of SupervisionIT’s RoleCACREP standardsNAADAC Code of EthicsACA Code of Ethics
EvaluationSite Supervisor Evaluation ToolFaculty and Site Supervisor Evaluation
NAADAC 2019
Trans-theoretical therapeutic process
Trans-theoretical nature of the Therapeutic ProcessEngagementTransference and Counter-transference
Termination• Transference/counter-transference connection and intervention• Healing the connection• Sending summary e-mail or message
OBJECTIVES
1. Identify transference and counter-transference in on-line supervision.
2. Apply theory-based interventions to diffuse transference and counter-transference process.
3. Participants will be able to utilize the transference/ counter-transference process as a learning tool for supervisees.
GOALS
w Facilitating the therapeutic process of on-line supervision that challenges counselor educators.
w Identifies the supporting structure of the therapeutic process
w Explores therapeutic skills, including creative engagement.
BLENDED DEFINITION OF SUPERVISION
w CLINICAL SUPERVISION IS A DISCIPLINED, TUTORIAL PROCESS WHEREIN PRINCIPLES ARE TRANSFORMED INTO PRACTICAL SKILLS, WITH FOUR OVERLAPPING FOCI:
w ADMINISTRATIVEw EVALUATIVEw CLINICALw SUPPORTIVE
Is On-line Unique?
The computer’s filter Only see the head Miss body cues What you can’t see Location of student in home or office
STRUCTURE OF ON-LINE SUPERVISION
Engagement Boundaries IT set up Ethics—CFR 42, HIPPA, NAADAC &
ACA Behaviors Presenting schedule
Trans-theoretical nature of THERAPEUTIC PROCESSw The therapeutic process includes:w engagement, w behavioral rules, w boundary setting, w and application of codes of ethics and CFR
42 AND HIPPA.w trans-theoretical Stage of Change Model, w Termination
Therapeutic Process/ Engagement
Engagement: Welcome Video
• Welcome and thank you e-mail including requirements for learners and supervisors
Interview participants before start of the supervision process if possible
Interview site supervisor before start Schedule individual meeting with student
and supervisor during 1st week
ENGAGEMENT
w AVAILABILITY BY TEXT, E-MAIL AND PHONE
w MEMBERS ESTABLISH GROUND RULES FOR GROUP• Etiquette of On-line behaviors• Attendance, dress, eating, watching tv, etc.
THERAPEUTIC PROCESS
w Trans-theoretical Stage of Change Modelw Understanding counseling processw Appropriate interventions w Choice of therapeutic approach w Transference and counter-transference in
managing the counseling process
w
Transference and Counter-transference
Transference—originates from Psychodynamic /phycho analytic Therapy
A client’s unconscious conflicts that can cause problems in everyday life.
It is where the individual transfers feelings and attitudes from a person or situation in the past on to a person or situation in the present and where the process is likely to be, at least to some degree, inappropriate to the present.
Counter-transference
w Counter Transference is where you find yourself experiencing feelings and/or acting outside of your normal pattern of behavior towards a client.
w Those you LIKE and DISLIKEw Transference and counter transference is
something that is best addressed in supervision.
Counter-transference rule of thumb
w If you have counter-transference of the same nature 3 times in a period of time, a therapy tune up is needed.
w Explore the exact nature of the counter-transference
w Root of the issue
COUNTER-TRANSFERENCE
Prevention: Don’t work with clients with your current or
unresolved issue.• Recent death• Grieving clientsWhat is your vulnerability?The law of attraction draws clients to you with
your unresolved issue!
ON-LINE PRESENTATION OF TRANSFERENCE
MORE CONTACT THAN USUAL—PHONE CALLS, EMAILS, TEXTS
DEFENDS YOU TO THE GROUP YOU REMIND THEM OF SOMEONE.. WANTS TO BE YOUR FRIEND OR
FAMILY MEMBER ACTS LIKE YOUR CO-SUPERVISOR
ON-LINE COUNTER-TRANSFERENCE
THOSE YOU LOVE AND THOSE YOU DREAD
REMINDS YOU OF………… KNOW YOUR VULNERABILITY TO
COUNTER-TRANSFERENCE AWARENESS OF YOUR CURRENT
ISSUES• GRIEF, DIVORCE, KIDS, ETC.
INTERVENTIONS
TALK ABOUT IT EARLY IN THE PROCESS EXPLAIN IN DETAIL TALK—ASK FOR EXAMPLES BRING IT UP REGULARLY HELP MAKE CONNECTIONS BETWEEN
CURRENT EXPERIENCE AND PAST BRING IT TO LIFE REFER TO EAP OR COUNSELING
Transference
Exercise• Do I remind you of someone? What is your
gut reaction?• Does anyone in the group remind you of
someone?Example:
Tall, dark hair lady about my age—told me she now understood why she hated me---I reminded her of her short, blonde Mother!?
Transference/counter-transference
Always historical? Always a gut reaction Non-verbal Either pain or joy Intense feeling—does not make sense
PREVENTION
BE AWARE OF YOUR VULNERABILITY
HUNGRY, ANGRY, LONELY AND TIRED
TAKE TIME OFF DON’T MEET WHEN HUNGRY SEEK SUPERVISION YOURSELF
TERMINATION OF SUPERVISION
BEGIN PROCESS IN WEEK 1 TALK ABOUT LENGTH OF QTR OR
SEMESTER ROLE PLAY TERMINATING WITH CLIENT SCHEDULE INDIVIDUAL MEETING WITH
EACH STUDENT ON PHONE OR ON-LINE TALK ABOUT YOUR RELATIONSHIP—
REVIEW PROFESSIONAL BOUNDARIES AND ETHICS
Termination
Ceremony—borrowed from the treatment programs
Have group give positive feedback to each other
Create a self-care plan
WEEKLY PHONE AND VIDEO FORMAT
SCHEDULE 2 HOURS 15 MINUTES: WEEKLY INTRODUCTIONS
• PURPOSE IS TO IDENTIFY HOW INTERNSHIP IS GOING AND IDENTIFY ANY ISSUES TO ADDRESS.
• ASK EACH STUDENT TO CALL ON ANOTHER STUDENT. SCHEDULE TWO STUDENTS PRESENT CASES FOR
DISCUSSION EACH WEEK USE ROLE PLAYING AND OTHER INTERVENTIONS TO
FACILITATE LEARNING MIDDLE OF SEMESTER PRACTICE GROUP PROCESS END—CEREMONY TO HONOR THOSE GRADUATING. ASK
FOR POSITIVE COMMENTS FOR EACH STUDENT.
ETHICS OF TECHNOLOGY IN CLINICAL SUPERVISION NAADAC ACA—Most Clear—Section H ACES INCASE
ACA CODE OF ETHICSSECTION H
w Section Hw Distance Counseling,w Technology, andw Social Media
REFERENCES
Bernard, J. M., & Goodyear, R.K., (1992), Fundamentals of Clinical Supervision. Needham Heights, Ma: Allyn and Bacon.
Buber, M. (1923) I and Thou (1970) Translation by Walter Kaufmann.Charles Scribner’s Sons, New York, NY
Handbook of Counseling Supervision, (1987) Association for Counselor Education and Supervision, American Association for Counseling and Development, Arlington, Virginia.
Holloway, E., (1995). Clinical Supervision: A Systems Approach. Thousand Oaks, California, Sage Publications.
O’Mara, Eileen, (1990). July/August, “Burnout and the Counselor”. The Counselor, National Association of Alcohol and Drug Abuse Counselors, Arlington, Virginia.
O’Sullivan, Mary K, (1998). May/June, The Changing Demands of Clinical Supervision. The Counselor, National Association of Alcohol and Drug Abuse Counselors, Arlington, VA.
References
Powell, D., & Brodsky, A., (1993) Clinical Supervision in Alcohol and Drug Abuse Counseling: Principles, Models, Methods. New York, N.Y. Lexington Books, Macmillan, Inc..
Roth, G., Jacob, C. J., Jackson, C., Stoler, J. R., & Oloidi, W. (2019). Learning to be a Counselor at a Distance: A QualitativeInvestigation of the Distance Education Experience for Counselors-in-Training.The Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision,12(3). Retrieved fromhttps://repository.wcsu.edu/jcps/vol12/iss3/2
Thacker, N. E., & Diambra, J. F. (2019). Parallel Process of Professional Identity Development during Clinical Supervision. The Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision, 12(3). Retrieved from https://repository.wcsu.edu/jcps/vol12/iss3/6
Williams, F. (2007). Counter-transference and vicarious trauma in psychoterapy with PTSD/Addicted/clients. Hazelden-Betty Ford Presentation at Women Healing Conference.
Termination
wEnjoy the journey!
