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1Twice The Citizen! Army Strong!
The United States Army Reserve:A Life-Saving & Life-Sustaining Force for the Nation
Brief to the SARCA Annual Meeting
MG Mike Smith
Deputy Chief Of Army Reserve
UNCLASSIFIED
2Twice The Citizen! Army Strong!
• Army Reserve Vision, Mission, & Capabilities
• Plan, Prepare, Provide
• CAR Priorities
• Operational Reserve & the Joint Force
• Future Force
• Regional Alignment
• Private-Public Partnership (P3)
Agenda
3Twice The Citizen! Army Strong!
Army Reserve Vision
America’s Army Reserve - A Life-Saving &
Life-Sustaining Force for the Nation.
Army Reserve Mission
The Army Reserve provides trained, equipped &
ready Soldiers, Leaders, and Units to meet
America’s requirements at home and abroad.
Providing Essential Operational Capabilities
The Army Reserve provides unique capabilities to the Army & the
Joint Force not present in the National Guard or Active Component.
The Army Reserve
• A Federal force under Federal control
• Both a component & a command
Army Reserve Vision & Mission
4Twice The Citizen! Army Strong!
Life-Saving & Life-Sustaining Capabilities
198K Strong: Slightly larger than AC Marine
Corps
Cost Effective: Provides 20% of the Army
Force for ~6% of the Army budget
Educational profile: 75% of Total Army
Doctorates & 50% of Masters Degrees
reside in the Army Reserve
Over 40k AR Soldiers support Generating Force mission requirements
3 AR Soldiers are currently Members of
Congress; 19 Members of Congress are
former members of the USAR
123 General Officers
1 LTG, 43 MGs, 79 BGs
58 General Officer Commands
CEOs, College Professors, Judges,
Engineers, etc.
Chiefs of Staff at FORSCOM,
TRANSCOM, & NORTHCOM
Army Reserve - Unique Force Profile
The USAR is a critical part of the Army Total Force and the Joint Force.
Support & Sustainment
CapabilitiesUSAR % ARNG % AC %
Mil Info Spt Ops 83 0 17
Civil Affairs 82 0 18
Chaplain 81 19 0
Military History 78 18 5
Quartermaster (Fld Svc) 69 19 12
Transportation 56 24 21
Medical 51 16 34
Information Ops 50 33 17
Quartermaster (Supply) 49 16 36
Adjutant General 43 17 40
Chemical 40 35 25
JAG 39 38 24
Public Affairs 36 48 16
Engineers 36 47 17
Military Police 24 36 40
% Units by type assigned to Army Components*:
5Twice The Citizen! Army Strong!
The Army Reserve is a federal (Title 10) force under federal control, accessible 24/7
The Army Reserve is a component of the Total Army and a Global Command of Citizen-Soldiers
• Enhances support to Army Corps, Army Service Component Commands and Combatant Commands
• Enhances support to Army Corps, Army Service Component Commands and Combatant Commands
• Enhances support to Army Corps, Army Service Component Commands and Combatant Commands
• Develops individual and leader skills• Develops individual and leader skills• Develops individual and leader skills
• Provides trained Soldiers, Leaders and Units
• Deploys worldwide with tailorable force packages
• Provides trained Soldiers, Leaders and Units
• Deploys worldwide with tailorable force packages
• Provides trained Soldiers, Leaders and Units
• Deploys worldwide with tailorable force packages
Ge
ne
rati
ng
So
ldie
r, L
ea
de
r, a
nd
Un
it R
ea
din
es
s
Theater Exercises & Overseas Deployment Training
Defense Support of Civil Authorities
Warrior Exercises & Combat Support Training Exercises
Regionally Alignment of Army ReserveOperational, Functional ,
Training & Sustainment Commands
Army ReserveEngagement Cells &
Teams
Contingent and
Combat Missions
• Maximizes unit-readiness through
Total Force training
Plan, Prepare, and Provide
PLAN
PROVIDE
PREPARE
6Twice The Citizen! Army Strong!
Strategic:
Develop, Plan, Program, & Resource Army Reserve 2025 as a versatile mix of
technical & tactical capabilities in service to the Total Force.
Develop National Leaders by leveraging military & civilian skills, training &
experiences from the private & public sectors.
Sustain the Army Reserve as an All-Volunteer Force comprised of resilient
Soldiers, Civilians & Families supported by engaged employers & caring
communities.
Ensure Army Reserve Soldiers & Civilians are Committed to the Army & the
Profession of Arms - Tell the Army’s story, be a “Soldier for Life.”
Use the “Plan, Prepare, Provide” & “Private Public Partnership” initiatives of
the Army Reserve to generate Individual, Leader & Unit readiness; Know & use
Army Reserve Ambassadors
Maximize the Army Reserve’s Unique Global Command Capabilities.
Priorities
7Twice The Citizen! Army Strong!
Operational:
Lead & Grow Leaders to Serve the Army –
• Instill trust & confidence.
• Use training events as your basic model for growing leaders.
Man & Care for Our Force –
• Everyone has the responsibility to recruit & retain.
• Reach out to those who are hurting; we can prevent suicides.
Train to Standard –
• Training is a command team responsibility.
• Make sure your battle assemblies are NOT administrative Assemblies.
Use Resources Responsibly
• Do less with less, but whatever you do, do it better than anyone else
• Create a culture of cost management & audit readiness;
Generate Readiness in All that You Do
• The Unit Status Report is your report card for readiness
• Don’t do things that do not generate readiness
Live the Army Values, Enforce Accountability & Discipline
• We have no place in our Army for sexual assault or harassment of any kind
• Don’t tolerate anyone who fails to meet these non-negotiable values
Priorities
8Twice The Citizen! Army Strong!
Operational Reserve & the Joint ForceContingencies & Steady State
DSCA CBRN Response Private-Public Partnerships
Enduring Mission: Homeland Operations
Theater Enablers
Detainee Operations
Army Support to Other
Services
Theater Opening
Theater Gateway
Theater SustainmentStabilizing Force
Legal Support
Provincial Reconstruction Team
Support
Support abroad
Support at home
Security Cooperation
Security Force Assistance
Humanitarian Assistance
& Disaster Relief
ShapePrevent Win
Reserve Components support the Joint Force in all Phases
The Army Reserve provides relevant capabilities across all phases of Joint Operations.
9Twice The Citizen! Army Strong!
The Army’s Operational Reserve at Risk
Without the right policy, authorities, and resources, Reserve Components
become less operational and place Service and Joint Force missions at risk.
Risk Factors:
The Services & the Joint Force Need an Operational Reserve for
Today's Complex, Uncertain World
Total Force Policy & Authorities (e.g. 12304b) are Not Enough by
Themselves
Adequate Resourcing (e.g. Training, Manning, Modernization) is
also Required
Lack of Resourcing may Relegate much of the Reserve Components
to Revert to a Strategic Reserve Role
10Twice The Citizen! Army Strong!
Benefits:
Mitigates Risk for a Smaller Active Force
Supports the All-Volunteer Force
Informs Resourcing Decisions for Reduced Costs
Provides Predictability to Combatant Commands, Services, Service
Members, Units, Families, & Employers
Benefits of Sustaining an Operational Reserve
The RC should be used in both strategic & operational roles to meet Total Force requirements.
11Twice The Citizen! Army Strong!
Sustaining an Operational Reserve:
Fully Implement Total Force Policy & Continuum of Service
Plan, Program, & Budget Consistent with Total Force Policy
Invest in Leader Development (e.g., One Army School System)
Enhance Full Time Support – Title 11
Plan, Program, & Utilize 12304b*
Plan, Prepare, & Provide Readiness Model
Enhance Readiness Through P3
Modernize Equipment
Sustaining an Operational Reserve
We cannot afford to regress to a one-dimensional strategic force under tiered readiness.
Without the right policy, authorities, and resources, Reserve Components
become less operational and place Service and Joint Force missions at risk.
*Title 10 Section 12304b expands the
Army’s ability to meet combatant command
preplanned mission requirements.
12Twice The Citizen! Army Strong!
USAR Recommendations for the National
Commission on the Future of the Army
• Maintain Three Army Components and Affirm Their Roles and Missions– Operational Imperative: Maintain the “dual-hatted” role of Chief of Army Reserve and Commanding
General, U. S. Army Reserve Command
• Sustain the Operational Reserve– Operational Imperative: Fully implement DoDD 1200.17 Managing the Reserve Components as an
Operational Force and expand the definition of 12304b to include not only preplanned missions but also exercises and training events
• Fully Implement Army Total Force Policy– Operational Imperative: Expedite Army Total Force Policy (ATFP) implementation for the One Army
School System (OASS) and other Total Army training integration initiatives
– Operational Imperative: Fully Integrate Continuum of Service Activities Across the Army.
• Improve Total Army Readiness with Enhanced Full-Time Support– Operational Imperative: Maintain Full Time Support (FTS) Resourcing at Current Levels, and
Reinitiate and Resource the Title 11 Program
• Anticipate Army Reserve Use in the Homeland
• Expand Army Reserve Core Competencies to Include Special Forces (SF)
• Endorse the Aviation Restructure Initiative
13Twice The Citizen! Army Strong!
Future Force (1 of 2)
Prevent conflict, shape the security environment, and win wars.
The Army Operating Concept (AOC)
• Provides the conceptual foundation for developing the future Army
• Regional Engagement, Global Response, Sustained Security
AOC Central Ideas
• Protect the homeland and engage regionally
• Create options for responding to and resolving crises
• Assure access through engagement & joint forcible entry
operations
• Conduct joint combined arms maneuver from multiple locations
and across domains
• Preserve joint force freedom of movement and action
• Exercise mission command
14Twice The Citizen! Army Strong!
Future Force (2 of 2)
Delivering landpower capabilities as a strategic instrument of the future joint force – Sec Army.
Force 2025 & Beyond
• Multi-year strategy to transition today’s Army to the Army of the future
o Adapt the current force
o Evolve the mid-term force for a leaner, more expeditionary, more
capable Army
o Innovate: set the conditions for fundamental change by 2030-
2040
The Future Force is prepared to fight and win in a complex world
Scalable and Tailorable
Joint Combined Arms
Forces
Optimized Soldier
and Team
PerformanceJoint/Interorganization
Interoperable
Capabilities
Overmatch
Adaptive
Professionals and
Institutions
15Twice The Citizen! Army Strong!
Future Force and the AR
Ready and integrated Total Force of the future
Force 2025 & Beyond requires collaborative Total Force
solutions. The USAR is fully engaged in F2025 activities to
achieve:
• A more integrated and ready Total Force
• Optimized AC/RC mix: maximizing the strengths while
minimizing the limitations of each component
• A relevant Operational Reserve
• The AR remains the Army’s premier Title 10 reserve life-saving
and life-sustaining Citizen-Soldier force for the Nation.
16Twice The Citizen! Army Strong!
MEDCOM
ARMEDCOM
NOR / SOU / CEN
416 TEC
PAC / EUC / AFR
412 TEC
GLOBALLY AVAILABLE
11 TAC79 SSC200 MP CAPOC MIRC LEGAL76 ORC
AMC
ARSC
I Corps /
USASOC
364 ESC
III Corps /
USASOC
4 ESC
Secondary
Alignments
NORTHCOM
807 MCDS 451 ESC 415 CM350 CA
SOUTHCOM
807 MCDS 1 MSC377 TSC 310 ESC 350 CA
AFRICOM
3 MCDS 143 ESC 353 CA
PACOM
311 SC(T) 9 MSC 311 ESC 351 CA
CENTCOM
335 SC(T)3 MCDS 316 ESC 415 CM352 CA
EUCOM
7 MSC 103 ESC 353 CA
Regionally Aligned Forces
Global
SOCOM
17Twice The Citizen! Army Strong!
Engagement Cells and Teams
8th ARMY
MOA: 28 MAR14
ARET: 10/10 OH
USARPAC
MOA: 11 APR14
AREC: 15/17 OH
NORTHCOM
MOA: 28 Apr 14
ARET: 5/7 OH
ARNORTH
MOA: 3 SEP 14
AREC: 9/17 OH
USAREUR
MOA: W/ CMD
AREC: 0/18 OH
EUCOM
MOA: 22 SEP 14
ARET: 5/8 OH
USARAF
MOA: 25 NOV 14
AREC: 2/18 OH
AFRICOM
MOA: 15 May 14
ARET: 7/9 OH
Global
PACOM
MOA: 14 AUG 14
ARET: 5/8 OH
I CORPS
MOA: 14 MAY 14
ARET: 1/4 OH
USARJ
MOA: 3 NOV 14
ARET: 2/4 OH
CENTCOM
MOA: 4 NOV 14
ARET: 9/9 OH
ARCENT
MOA: Staffing
ARET: 0/17 OH
SOUTHCOM
MOA: Staffing
ARET: 0/8 OH
ARSOUTH
MOA: 25 NOV 14
AREC: 7/17 OH
SOCOM
MOA: Staffing
TSOCs: 0/28 OH
USASOC
MOA: Staffing
ARET: 0/9 OH
III CORPS
MOA: Staffing
ARET: 0/4 OH
XVIII ABN CORPS
MOA: Staffing
ARET: 0/4 OH
18Twice The Citizen! Army Strong!
The Army Reserve is a community-based force of Citizen-Soldiers
Military Skills, Training, Experience
Civilian
The Army Reserve brings together private and public sector skills, training, and experiences
Ge
ne
rati
ng
Re
ad
ine
ss
Th
rou
gh
Pa
rtn
ers
hip
sPrivate Public Partnership
PRIVATE
PARTNERSHIP
PUBLIC
Private sector includes for-profit and not-for-profit companies and corporations
• Shares “best practices” from private and military sectors
• Makes better employees and Citizen-Soldiers
Public sector includes local, state, and federal governments
• Shares “best practices” from public and military sectors
• Makes better public-servants and Citizen-Soldiers
Partnership includes private, public, and academic institutions
• Improves opportunities and capabilities for all participating individuals and organizations
• Generates cost savings with increased value to all partners
Enhances both private sector and military careers
Enhances both public sectorand military careers
Provides specialized expertise in business
environments
Provides expertise in interagency environments
Provides valuable professional and trade credentialing
opportunities
Enhances professional and
personal development
19Twice The Citizen! Army Strong!
Upcoming Events
AUSA Annual Meeting
13 October 2015:
• USAR Seminar: Supporting the Total Force (1000-1200)
- Led by the Chief of Army Reserve
- Panel members: GEN Vincent K. Brooks (USARPAC CG), LTG
Frederick Hodges (USAREUR CG), LTG Stephen R. Lanza (I
Corps CG), MG Darryl A. Williams (USARAF CG), MG Clarence
K.K. Chinn (USARSOUTH CG).
• Total Force to Win in a Complex World Panel (1500-1700)
- Panel members: Dr. Janine Davidson (Sr. Fellow for Defense
Policy, CFR), LTG H.R. McMaster (Dir., ARCIC), LTG Timothy
Kadavy (Dir., ARNG), LTG Jeffrey Talley (Chief of Army Reserve),
Tim Bonds (VP and Dir., RAND Arroyo Center), and Michael
O’Hanlon (Senior Fellow, Center of 21st Century Security and
Intelligence).
20Twice The Citizen! Army Strong!
Questions?