Three Instructional Design Models

Shaun RosellEDCI 888

Proseminar IIKansas State University

The PIE Model

- Newby, Stepich, Lehman, Russell

Planning, Implementing, Evaluating

• Classroom-oriented model• Focus on classroom

instruction• Supports a learner-centered

environment• Instruction utilizes

media/technology

The PIE Model: About

The PIE Model: Components

PlanningImplementingEvaluating

• Specify objectives• Analysis of learner, content,

and setting• Develop instruction• Select technology that

supports effective and motivational instruction

• Prepare instruction, learners, and environment

• Provide instruction• Use of technology to increase the

impact of instruction

• Assessment of learner performance

• Use of data to improve instruction and student performance

The PIE Model: Uses

Appropriate Uses• Ongoing classroom

instruction• One instructor providing

instruction• Project-based learning• Mastery of skills or

objectives as a process

Inappropriate Uses• Individual training sessions• Variety of instructors

providing instruction• Lecture-style instruction

The PIE Model: Sample ApplicationLesson: Solving Two-Step Equations• Planning

• Set objective that students will use inverse operations to solve two-step equations• Analyze student understanding of inverse operations• Develop two-step equation instruction with use of technology (e.g., The Khan Academy)

• Implementing• Prepare and provide two-step equation instruction using technology• Students watch online videos to learn about two-step equations• Students practice skills using online practice activities and Computer Adaptive Testing (CAT)

• Evaluating• Students take an online test on two-step equations• Data provides information about student performance and need for remediation or

enrichment

The Bates Model

- Tony Bates

Front-end system design

• Product-oriented model• Based on systems

approach• Relies heavily on

instructional design principles• Emphasis on matching

learning requirements to appropriate technologies• Related materials adapted

to individual needs

The Bates Model: About

The Bates Model: Components

Course Outline Development

- Includes course development team- Target audience identified- Content determined- Instructional strategies determined

Selection of Media

- Includes course development team and media specialist- General technology concerns addressed: cost, teaching functions, user-friendliness, compatibility

Development / Production of

Materials

- Includes course development team, media specialist, senior tutor, and operations manager- Copyright clearance- Printing- Audio/video production- Computer-based materials- Organize materials

Course Delivery

- Includes course development team, operations manager, tutors, library services, exams officer- Administration of materials (i.e., online, mail)- Student activities- Student assessment- Course evaluation

The Bates Model: Uses

Appropriate Uses• Distance education• Individualized instruction• Environments that do not

have teachers

Inappropriate Uses• Classroom or just-in-time

learning• Addressing immediate

needs

The Bates Model: Sample ApplicationLesson: Installing a Computer Game• Course Outline Development

• Target audience identified as young adults• Written instructions and online tutorial determined as instructional strategies

• Selection of Media• Website to provide access to all instructional materials• PDF created with Microsoft Word for written instructions• YouTube video created with Camtasia for online tutorial

• Development / Production of Materials• Create website with links to PDF and online tutorial• Create PDF including written instructions• Produce online tutorial

• Course Delivery• Target audience views instructions• Target audience installs computer game

The ADDIE Model

- Florida State University

Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation

• Most common instructional design model• Generic process of design

used by instructional designers and training developers• Dynamic, flexible template

for creating training, performance support tools, and training materials

The ADDIE Model: About

The ADDIE Model: Components

AAnalysis

DDesign

DDevelopment

IImplementati

onE

Evaluation

• Identify the instructional problem and create instructional objectives

• Identify existing learner knowledge, skills, and environment

Analyze.

• Identify and select all learning content (i.e., objectives, content, assessment instruments)

• Design a blueprint of the instructional eventDesign.

• Create and assemble the learning activities blueprinted in the design phase

• Learning content is written and applicable technologies are integrated

Develop.

• Training that covers the objectives and curriculum begins• All learning materials (i.e., books, web tools) are in place

Implement.

• Formative evaluation delivered in each stage to guide the instructional process

• Summative evaluation used to assess subject-specific knowledge and to get user feedback

Evaluate.

The ADDIE Model: Uses

Appropriate Uses• Training sessions• Entire units of instruction

Inappropriate Uses• Individual lessons• Authentic learning

The ADDIE Model: Sample ApplicationLesson: Video Editing• Analysis

• Create specific objectives individuals need to demonstrate (i.e., remove green screen, add music)• Identify current levels of computer skills related to video editing (i.e., opening and navigating to files)

• Design• Identify all necessary instructional materials (i.e., objectives, computers, videos, VideoPad)• Design a blueprint of instruction (e.g., activities, order of instruction), noting the analysis

• Develop• Create a tutorial and practice exercises as instructional activities• Create or select videos, images, and music as instructional materials

• Implement• Provide students with tutorials and practice exercises (done on VideoPad)

• Evaluate• Students will create videos that demonstrate mastery of the objectives• Students will complete surveys regarding quality of instruction

References

ADDIE Model. (2014, February 12). Retrieved March 1, 2014 from Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ADDIE_Model

Gustafson, K. L., & Branch, R. B. (2002). Survey of instructional development models (4th ed.). Retrieved from http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED477517.pdf

Instructional Design Central. (n.d.). Instructional design models. Retrieved from http://www.instructionaldesigncentral.com/htm/IDC_instructionaldesignmodels.htm#addie