To express the idea that someone has or have already done something, use the present and perfect tenses. It’s just another way of saying something happened in the past. The present perfect is formed by combining the auxiliary verb "has" or "have" with the past participle.I have studied.He has written a letter to María.We have been stranded for six days.Many times in Eng. the main verb ends in (–ed) or (–en).

I have studied.(main verb: studied ; auxiliary verb: have)

He has written a letter to María.(main verb: written ; auxiliary verb: has)

We have been stranded for six days.(main verb: been ; auxiliary verb: have)

In Spanish, the present perfect tense is formed by using the present tense of the auxiliary verb "haber" with the past participle. Haber is conjugated as follows:

hehashahemoshan

The past participle will be important in future lessons covering the perfect tenses. To form the past participle, simply drop the infinitive ending (-ar, -er, -ir) and add -ado (for -ar verbs) or -ido (for -er, -ir verbs).

hablar - ar + ado = habladocomer - er + ido = comidovivir - ir + ido = vivido

(yo) He comido.I have eaten.(tú) Has comido.You have eaten.(él) Ha comido.He has eaten.(nosotros) Hemos comido.We have eaten.(ellos) Han comido.They have eaten.

Complete the following sentences.1. ¿Han ya________ los niños?

Have the children already left? (salir)

2.Yo _________pagado la cuenta.I have paid the bill. (pagar)

3.Tú ________con Ricardo.You have spoken with Richard. (hablar)

4. Arsenio _____aquí por dos horas.Arsenio has been here for two hours. (estar)

5. ¿El bebé no _________ nada todavía?Hasn't the baby eaten anything yet? (comer)

6. ¿Por qué no ______Uds. la ventana?Why haven't you-all opened the window? (abrir)

7. El niño ________ la basura.The boy has taken out the trash. (sacar)

8. La niña _________ los platos.The girl has broken the dishes. (romper)

9. Ellos ___________ .They have arrived. (llegar)

10. Las mujeres ________ de compras.The women have gone shopping. (ir)

abrir (to open) - abierto (open) cubrir (to cover) - cubierto (covered) decir (to say) - dicho (said) escribir (to write) - escrito (written) freír (to fry) - frito (fried) hacer (to do) - hecho (done) morir (to die) - muerto (dead) poner (to put) - puesto (put) resolver (to resolve) - resuelto (resolved) romper (to break) - roto (broken) ver (to see) - visto (seen) volver (to return) - vuelto (returned)

a. Place negative words, object pronouns, and reflexive pronouns before the form of haber=has/have. Ejemplos: No he comprado las flores.Mi profesora me ha escrito una carta de recomendación.El dueño se ha ido temprano a la oficina.

a. Verbs with 2 vowels in the infinitive form (except for ui) require an accent mark on the í in the past participle. Caer-caído/traer-traído/leer-leído/oír-oído/reír-reído/creer-creído.