Truth vs truthiness (1)

Daily UkraineAs the crisis in Crimea rages on, many news sources have released their take on

the subject. Fox, NBC, and Steven Colbert all offer their unique takes on this crisis between Russia, Ukraine, and Crimea.

Fox’s Take

NBC’s Input Obama Vs. Putin

Cease-Fire in Ukraine Conflict

Finally, after a year of fighting, Putin agrees to a cease-fire

Satire’s Approach

How Much Do We Really Know About Ukraine?Most American’s can’t even find Ukrain

on a map.

Ukraine Vs. Russia

We find out what is really going on in this conflict.

How did America Get Involved?This seemed to be a Europian affair, so how did we get involved?

Obama and Putin Both Address Their CountriesWhat did the two leaders have to say?

Full Scale War in Ukraine?Even with the cease-fire, is it still possible for a war to break out?

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Disclaimer:

All information, including videos and pictures, on this site are for educa-tional use only. This use is protected by the educational fair use provision of the United States Copyright law

What, and Where is Crimea?Crimea is the southernmost part of Ukraine. It is located on the Black Sea and is located to the west of Russia. It is an ideal location for Russia’s Black Sea Fleet. Geographically it is about the size of Belgium. During the reign of Catherine the Great, Crimea was a part of Russia. After the war between Russia and the Ottoman empire, Nikita Khrushchev gave Crimea to Ukraine. Since then, even though about 60 percent of Crimeans identify as Russian, Crimea has belonged to Ukraine (Associated Press, 2014).

Who is Vladimir Putin?Vladimir Putin was appointed pres-ident in 1999 by Boris Yeltsin. He served from 1999-2005. Because he could not run for a second term in a row, he stepped down, and was appointed Prime Minister. He ran again in 2012 and won, and is still serving as President (Vladimir Putin, 2015).

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What are Some Notebale Events?A commercial plane was shot down 30 miles from the Russian border in Ukraine on July 17, 2014.

Russia annexes Crimea on in March 2014.

Russia sends first of many unauthorized convoys in August 2014.

A ceasefire is signed and violated within the same week in February 2015. (BBC 2015).

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BACKGROUND INFORMATION



1) “More than 82 percent of the elec-torate took part in the vote. Over 96 percent of them spoke out in favour of reuniting with Russia.”2) “Incidentally, the total popula-tion of the Crimean Peninsula today is 2.2 million people, of whom almost 1.5 million are Russians, 350,000 are Ukrainians who predominantly con-sider Russian their native language, and about 290,000-300,000 are Crimean Tatars, who, as the referen-dum has shown, also lean towards Russia.”3) The Written Statement of the United States America of April 17, 2009 states “Declarations of independence may, and often do, violate domestic legis-lation. However, this does not make them violations of international law.”4) “There was not a single armed con-frontation in Crimea and no casualties.”

S: President Putin is the main source, other than his speech writers.

P: His proximity to this subject is extremely high. He is the leader of Russia, so he will be very biased towards Russia’s point of view,

I: Putin’s ties to this are extremely high. This whole conflict in Crimea revolves around him. Though he is very independent because he is the one who is making the decisions. He is making his decisions independently.

E: Though he will be biased, he is an expert in this topic. He is the one giving the speech about what Russia’s plans are because he is the one making them.

M: The motivation of this speech is to inform the world of Russia’s plans, but also to persuade people that Russia is on the right side of this conflict.

E: Putin does give solid evidence in his speech. He give numbers and facts that do not seem too outrageous to be true, and after fact checking they all seem mostly true.

L: The logic that Putin uses is very good logic. He does not make any outrageous claims that would raise any red flags.

L: The things that Putin obviously left out were points of view of counties and people not of his own. He also left out the fact that the first casualty has happened, and Russia was responsible for it. He wants to make it look like Russia is good, and the EU and America are the bad ones.

1) True: Crimean election Spokesman Mikhail Malyshev said the final result was 96.77 percent to rejoin Russia and 2.51 percent against (Morello, 2014).

2) True: “The last census taken in Ukraine in 2001 reported that ethnic Russians made up 58 percent of the Crimean popu-lation, Ukrainians 24 percent and Tatars 12 percent” (Herbst, 2014).

3) True: According to the written state-ment by the United States of America from April 17, 2009, that quotation is stated in the document.

4) Somewhat true: It was true the moment he said it, but shortly after someone was killed in Ukraine, and he must have gave the command before his speech because there was not enough time between the two events. ”Yet hours after he spoke, a Ukrainian soldier was shot dead at an army base in the Crimean capital, Simferopol, the first military fatal-ity on the peninsula since the crisis began” (Walker, 2014)

Video Analysis: Putin’s speech started off stating facts. He had strong facts with correct statistics. “More than 82 percent of the electorate took part in the vote. Over 96 percent of them spoke out in favour of reuniting with Russia.” and “Incidentally, the total population of the Crimean Peninsula today is 2.2 million people, of whom almost 1.5 million are Russians, 350,000 are Ukrainians who predominantly consider Russian their native lan-guage, and about 290,000-300,000 are Crimean Tatars, who, as the referendum has shown, also lean towards Russia” (Putin, 2014). He then went on to talk about how Russia is not the bad guy in this conflict, and that America and the EU has caused this to happen. He even wen on to quote a piece of the Written Statement of the United States of America of April 17, 2009 to prove that America has flip flop what side they are one. “Declarations of inde-pendence may, and often do, violate domestic legislation. However, this does not make them violations of inter-national law.” Putin played the victim in this speech. He accuesed America and the EU of going back on their word, which they both did.

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A D D R E S S BY P R E S I D E N T O F T H E R U S S I A N F E D E R AT I O N

http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-26652058



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Video Analysis: This speech is being held just outside of the White House on March 20, 2014. Obama first starts with what has been going on in Ukraine. i.e. “illegal reprimand in Crimea, an illegitimate move by the Russians to annex Crimea, and danger-ous risks of escalation including threats to Ukrainian personal in Crimea and threats to southern and eastern Ukraine, as well.” (“President Obama Speaks…”, 2014) He then goes onto explain that because of the choices that Russia has made, the United State is leading to impose additional costs on them. Based on executive order Obama signed in response to Russia’s interven-tion in Ukraine, he says that we are imposing sanctions on more senior officials of the Russian government. In addition,” we are today sanctioning a number of other individuals with substantial resources and influence who provide material support to the Russian leadership as well as a bank that will provide material support to these individuals” (“President Obama Speaks…”, 2014). Obama continues to say that we are taking these steps based on what Russia has already done in Crimea but the world is watching as Russia has already positioned its military in a way that could lead to further invasions into southern and eastern Ukraine. For this reasons, “we have been working closely with our European partners to develop more severe actions that could be taken if Russia continues to escalate the situation.” “I signed a new executive order today that gives us the authority to impose sanctions not just on individuals but on key sectors of the Russian economy” (“President Obama Speaks…”, 2014). He stresses that this is not outcome that is favored and that Russia must know that further escalation will only isolate it more from the international community. Obama states that another priority is to provide Ukraine with assistance so that it can stabilize its economy for the Ukrainian people. “In Europe I’ll also be reinforcing a message that Vice President Biden carried to Poland to the Baltic States this week. America’s support for our NATO allies is unwavering” (“President Obama Speaks…”, 2014).The final point that Obama makes before finishing is that the diplomacy between the Unites States and Russia continues and that we want the Ukrainian people to determine their own future. The only way that it could is if Russia acknowledges the rights of all the Ukrainian people.

O B A M A S P E E C H M A R C H 20,2014

S: In this specific Speech held March 20, 2014 President Obama was the source.

P: The proximity of this is rated high because of whom he is, President Barack Obama. He gave us first hand information that he had signed a new order that day. This informational could have ben ques-tionable coming from another source or at another time.

I: The independence is ranked at a high. Obama is telling us about what he will do about the sit-uation in Crimea. With that being said, he is letting us in on information that we did not know. Now, he may be doing this to support Ukraine as said or he may be doing this to up his reputation.

E: His expertise is also ranked high because of the position he stands in this country.

M: From what is seen, it seems that Obama’s motivation is to inform us about what he intends to do about the Russian invasion in Ukraine.

E: Other than Obama’s word that the new order has been signed, there is not any evidence in this speech showing what Obama has done in order to take action against Russia.

L: The logical fallacy that this speech from Obama could be hit with is an innuendo. This is because some may ask the question if he is biting off more than he can chew.

L: There is not necessarily any left out information. Obama briefly described what has been going on and what Russia has been doing to the southern and eastern parts of Ukraine. Obama also discussed what actions he intends to take on the matter.

1) “We are today sanctioning a number of other individuals

with substantial resources and influence who provide mate-

rial support to the Russian leadership as well as a bank that

will provide material support to these individuals”

2) “We have been working closely with our European part-

ners to develop more severe actions that could be taken if

Russia continues to escalate the situation.”

3) “I signed a new executive order today that gives us the

authority to impose sanctions not just on individuals but

on key sectors of the Russian economy”

4) “In Europe I’ll also be reinforcing a message that Vice

President Biden carried to Poland to the Baltic States this

week. America’s support for our NATO allies is unwavering”

1) True: The new list of sanctioned officials has 20 members. Bank Rossiya, in St. Petersburg, as about $10 billion in assets. Several govern-ments have used this bank and Kovalchuk, whom is the banks head, has been sanctioned individually. (“U.S. Blacklists 20…”, 2014).

2) True: In an interview Obama stated, “These aren’t easy choices, we would have preferred it not come to this. But Russia’s actions are simply unacceptable. There have to be consequences. And if Russia continues to escalate the situ-ation, we need to be prepared to impose a greater cost.” (“Obama to Europe…”, 2014).

3) True: On March 20, 2014 Obama signed Executive Order “Blocking Property of Additional Persons Contributing to the Situation in Ukraine”. (“Ukraine and Russia Sanctions”).

4) True: At the news conference in Brussels, Obama explained that the 28 members of NATO are united and that every member of the G-7 has enforced sanctions on Russia. He also mentioned that if anyone in the Russian leadership thought we would not care, they were wrong. (Transcript: Obama Addresses…”, 2014).

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1) Violence has claimed over 5000 lives

2) Cease-fire starting sunday, heavy weapons to be pulled out of Eastern Ukraine within two weeks, and a com-mitment for all foreign troops to be pulled out.

3) Germany warned this is not a compre-hensive solution, not a breakthrough.

4) A similar deal was thrown out six months ago.

S: The source is from NBC News, but this report comes from the Today Show.

P: Bill Neely is not clear on where he got his information. He never stated who his sources were other than general sources like “Germany”

I: Both Bill Neely and Natalie Morales both do not have any ties to this topic. The only tie Morales has is that she is an American, but Neely is British, so he is not catering to American Standards.

E: Morales has been a correspondent on the Today show since 2006, so she is very qualified to cover this story.(usa today, 2006)

M: The motivation to report this story is to inform the viewers of the latest happenings in Ukraine, Crimea, and Russia. The story has been covered so intensely that there is no need to make it enter-taining anymore.

E: The evidence given is mostly true. The news report starts out with a fact in the title. They claimed that over 5000 people have died in this conflict. An estimated 3000 Ukrainians have died over the last year (Stewart, 2015).

L: Morales and Neely both give logical information in the video. They tell the story like it is sup-posed to be told; with facts. Nothing they say raise any red flags that their information might be false.

L: Morales and Neely do not leave anything significant out, other than Russia’s side of the story. They do not report why Putin agreed to a ceasefire because they do not want to make him out to be a good guy.

1) True: An estimated 3000 Ukrainians have died over the last year (Stewart, 2015). Vasilieva esti-mated that as many as 4,000 Russians have died in Ukraine (Huard, 2014).

2) True “The ceasefire will come into force on Sunday as part of a deal that also involves the withdrawal of heavy weapons from the front line” (Weaver, 2015).

3)True: “German Foreign Minister Frank-Walter Steinmeier said in a statement. ‘Today’s agree-ment is not a comprehensive settlement and cer-tainly no breakthrough…’” (Bora, 2015).

4) True: “Shelling and other clashes between government forces and Russian-backed separat-ists threw the cease-fire agreement in eastern Ukraine into deepening peril Sunday, two days after it took hold.” (Associated Press, 2014)

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Video Analysis: The Today Show has always been known for being a more relaxed news program, but with the crisis in Ukraine, they decided to take a more serious approach. Bill Neely stated that “Violence has claimed over 5000 lives” in Ukraine already. It seems like a large number, but that is in fact true. After he got the audience attention with that, he proceeded to report the story he was meant to report. He stated that cease-fire was to begin, the Sunday after this aired, and the terms of the cease-fire. Though it was “good” news, he also reported that German officials were saying that this in not a comprehensive solution to this problem, and that Russia may not comply. He also stated that a similar deal was created and thrown out six months ago.

U K R A I N E CO N F L I C T: C E A S E -F I R E A N N O U N C E D BY W O R L D L E A D E R S I N M I N S K



1) True: “They (sanctions) include banning people in the US from banking with three Russian banks. The EU earlier expanded its sanctions, targeting the oil sector, defence equipment and sensitive technolo-gies.” (BBC, 2014)

2) True: “‘Why is it that everybody is so eager to use military force after we’ve just gone through a decade of war at enormous costs to our troops and to our budget?’ he (President Obama) said in a snub to the weekend war hawks on the Sunday morning talk shows” (Rapoza, 2014).

3) True: “As part of that process, I signed a new execu-tive order today that gives us the authority to impose sanctions not just on individuals but on key sectors of the Russian economy” (Obama, 2014)

4) Mostly True: “Roughly 15% of EU gas imports arrive through the Ukraine. Six member states, including Bulgaria and Slovakia, are wholly dependent on Russia’s Gazprom as its only supplier.” (Euractiv, 2014)

S: The source of this video is NBC News, but more specifically, Chuck Todd.

P: Chuck Todd is the chief white house correspondent for NBC News, so he has his sources inside the white house that are very reliable.

I: Todd do not have any ties to the topic. He is simply giving the viewers real time news to the best of his ability.

E: Because Chuck Todd is the chief white house correspondent for NBC News, he is a reliable source for this news broadcast.

M: The motivation of Todd is to provide an accurate breaking newscast. There is no need for him to entertain. He just gives the facts, and tells the story.

E: The evidence he has is very true. He has his sources from inside the white house that give him the correct, good, information.

L: Todd’s logic in this broadcast was very sound. He did not make any outrageous claims that would make his logic seem bad, or off.

L: Because it was a breaking news update, there was not a lot of information he could leave out. He did not know what President Obama was going to say, so he just gave context to the situation.

1) The European Union will expand sanctions against Russia.

2) “The president said there is not a military option” against Russia.

3) The U.S. is ready, with European partners to hit Russia economically.

4) Europe would feel economic repercussions before the United States.

P R E S I D E N T O B A M A R E M A R K S O N U K R A I N E

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Video Analysis: This video starts out as a breaking news segment. Chuck Todd is quickly brought in as the chief white house correspondent for NBC News, and gives his take on what the President will say in his speech. He began refrencing past things that Presidet Obama said like that the European Union will expand sanctions against Russia. He attempted to use his knowledge of what the President said in the past to predict what he was going to say in his speech. Chuck Todd was very accurate in his statements because he was taking what Obama said and repeating it. It was almost impossible for him to lie because NBC covered Obama’s speech. The video ended with Todd summarizing the key points of President Obama’s speech. He was accurate in his predictions of what Obama’s was going to say.



1) Vladimir Putin signed to Anexe Crimea

2) Vladimir Putin accused America of breaking prom-ises, and Expanding NATO to Russian borders.

3) A Ukraine soldier was the first known casualty of the conflict came when Russian soldiers stormed a base.

4) Joe Biden accused Putin of a Brazen Land Grab

1) This first statement is very true. Crimea became apart of Russia in 2014 . “‘Crimea is now part of Russia, the West will come to terms with that, the question is how much longer they’ll perpetuate the crisis in the rest of Ukraine and whether they will escalate the problem, which I think will be unwise for the US and Western European interests,’ (Gregory) Copley said” (Crimea is part of Russia..., 2014).

2) The second fact that Mitchell stated was also true. Vladimir Putin actaully stated it in one of his speaches. “On the contrary, they (United States) have lied to us many times, made decisions behind our backs, placed us before an accomplished fact. This happened with NATO’s expan-sion to the East, as well as the deployment of military infrastructure at our borders. They (United States) kept telling us the same thing: ‘Well, this does not concern you.’” (Putin, 2014).

3) This third statement is a bold statement, yet it does turn out to be true. The Ukraine soldier is the first know casu-alty of the conflict. “Yet hours after he spoke, a Ukrainian soldier was shot dead at an army base in the Crimean capital, Simferopol, the first military fatality on the pen-insula since the crisis began” (Source, 2014)

4) This last statement is also true. Joe Biden did accuse “US Vice President Joe Biden today warned Russia it faced the prospect of more sanctions over its move to absorb of Crimea, calling it nothing more than a ‘land grab’.” (source 2015)

S- Andrea Mitchell has a lot of self-interest in this report because if she does not report what NBC News wants her to report she could lose her job, and could possibly end her career in the news network.

P- She is getting her news second hand. She is not in Russia or Ukraine, so she is getting her infor-mation from other sources. Though her sources are first hand accounts, her reports are not.

I- The proximity of Andrea Mitchell to this topic is that she is not very close. Her only tie to this topic is that she is an American, so she is going to give America’s side of the story.

E- Her expertise in this topic is that she is very knowledgable about the conflict in Ukraine. She is the chief foreign affairs correspondent for NBC News, so she should have some expertise in the field.

M- The motivation of Mitchell should be to inform, but as with any new network, ratings are everything. That means that along with informing, she must entertain and persuade. She wants to persuade the American public that our actions are in the right, and that Russia is the bad guy.

E- The evidence that she gives seems to back up her statements. She has video evidence to back up her statements, but for all we know, that video could be of something completely different. One fact that we can tell is that the few things Mitchell said about Putin’s speech are true. The statements she said matched up to Putin’s speech (Putin, 2014).

L- The logic of Mitchell’s report is correct. She is giving us the facts, and is giving logical information that has to do with the subject at hand.

L- The thing that Mitchell left out was everything Putin said in his speech that did not relate to the United States. He spoke about how he admires Crimea for its blend of different cultures, and about the history of Russia (Putin 2014). She left these things out due to the fact that the American people do not want to hear about that. They just want to hear about what Putin had to say about the United States.

Video Analysis: Brain Williams introduces the story, but the majority of this segment falls on Andrea Mitchell. This report relates directly to Vladimir Putin’s speech. Mitchell refer-ences Putin many times throughout the report. She referenced His speech multiple times, but mainly focused on the United State’s response. She spoke about how Vice-President Joe Biden accused Putin of a brazen land grab, and things to that extent. She got all of her infor-mation correct, even though she only focused on the United State’s response, and the infor-mation that Putin go incorrect in his speech.

C R I M E A CO N F L I C T S T R A I N S

U. S . - R U S S I A R E L AT I O N

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1) Crimea “seize control of government buildings and have now raised the Russian flag over that building”2) “A fascinating turn this morning as Viktor Yanukovych apparently materializes in Moscow, first apparently in a 5 star hotel called the Ukraina, now a Radisson, and then reportedly he’s gone off to a sanatorium or a health farm run by the Crimean outside the capital”3) Russia has fighter jets on the border with Ukraine.4) Ukraine Prime Minister Arseniy Yatsenyuk claiming that they have already located missing funds of around $70 billion from the last govern-ment stowed away into off-shore accounts.

1) Very true: Pro-Moscow activists planted their flag on the administrative headquarters of the eastern city of Donetsk. This happened just hours after Kiev’s authorities flew their own flag there. (“Activists Replant Russian Flag…”, 2014) Ukraine’s leader said that this has been taken as an act of aggression. Meanwhile, correspondents said that tables and chairs for no entry block-aded the door of parliament. (“Ukraine Crisis…”, 2014)

2) Mostly True: Yanukovych’s whereabouts are not certain but he has been spotted on multiple occasions in numerous hotels in Moscow. He has also been seen at a sanitorium run my the Russian department of presidential affairs. Although in hiding, Yanukovych said “I still consider myself to be the legal head of the Ukraine State.” (“Defiant Yanukovych Finds…”, 2014)

3) Very true: Russia sent a unit of Mig-31fighter jets to an airbase that was close to the Ukrainian border. They made this move so that they would be able to keep watch over Ukraine without actually being in the country. As well as alert separatists on the ground to make aware any movement by Ukrainian airplanes (“Russia Send Mig-31”…, 2014).

4)Somewhat true: Ukraine’s new prime minister said on Thursday loans worth $37 billion had gone missing from state coffers. Yatsenyuk also said that there had been $70 billion sent out of the country as well as the missing $37 billion, all during Yatsenyuk’s 3-year rule (“Ukraine PM Says…”, 2014).

Analysis: Martha starts us off by bringing to attention the outrageous tension between Ukraine and Russia. “Tension begins to reach a boiling point now in Ukraine as Russia begins to flex its military muscle there as well” (Ukraine vs. Russia…”, 2014). This is true and has been true for a long while. She then brings up in what part of the world this is taking place, Crimea. Claiming they “seize control of government buildings and have now raised the Russian flag over that building” (Ukraine vs. Russia…”, 2014). She then introduces herself as well as her co-host Bill Hemmer. Hemmer brings to attention the fact that the Ukrainian president is hiding in Russia getting protection and is still claiming to be the leader. Hemmer hands over the story to Amy Kellogg whom continues in greater detail. Kellogg does not start the story with absolution. “Apparently” is a word she uses twice in a matter of 3 seconds. She states, “A fascinat-ing turn this morning as Viktor Yanukovych apparently materializes in Moscow, first apparently in a 5 star hotel called the Ukraina, now a Radisson, and then reportedly he’s gone off to a sanatorium or a health farm run by the Crimean outside the capital” (Ukraine vs. Russia…”, 2014). After, Kellogg goes into where the tension is getting out of hand, Crimea. Crimea was part of Russia up until the 1950’s. This particular part of Crimea is part of the Ukrainian peninsula but is predominantly Russian. She then goes into how Russia has fighter jets on the border with Ukraine. This is part of what is called “regular combat preparedness exercises.” To close the segment Kellogg speaks about Ukraine Prime Minister Arseniy Yatsenyuk claiming that they have already located missing funds of around $70 billion from the last government stowed away into off-shore accounts.

S: This news report comes from Fox News interview conducted by Martha Maccallum and Bill Hemmer, as well as Amy Kellogg.

P: Kellogg is high based on her background.

I: Her independence stands at moderate given she has a masters in Russian and East European studies.

E: Her expertise at a high considering the background of her studies. The “courageous” (“Women of FOX”, 2013) reporter has never been spoken about negatively or biasedly.

M: Given her background, it seems as though Kellogg’s intention is to inform. Although there are a couple of missing pieces to the story, the unmentioned details are not as important in summing up the core of the segment.

E: This story is completely fact based. The Russians attempted to take over Crimea, true. Ukrainian President, Viktor Yanukovich is in hiding, true. The details as to where he is hiding in unknown as well as where the $70 million missing funds are. There may be a few question marks in the story but the purpose is to inform about what could be the first move in war.

L: Again, there are missing pieces to the story, however this story does make sense. The logical fallacy that can tie in to this news segment is innuendo. This is because Kellogg does tend to use the word “apparently” more than once.

L: The most important left out information is where the missing $70 million lies. This is not the only piece of infor-mation left out of this segment, although most interesting. The others are the apparent whereabouts of Yanukovich and where he keeps moving.

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U K R A I N E V S . R U S S I A — H E R E ’S W H AT ’S R E A L LY G O I N G O N

http://www.foxnews.com/opinion/2014/02/28/ukraine-vs-russia-here-what-really-going-on/



M R . O B A M A , S E N D S A R M S TO U K R A I N E, L E T CO U N T R Y D E F E N D I T S E L F AG A I N S T R U S S I A 1) John Kerry flies to Kiev, Ukraine to speak with pres-ident Petro Poroshenko about the Russian aggres-sion. They claim that to East Ukraine is the biggest threat at the moment.

2) Russian tanks, fighters, rockets, and radar units that are crossing the border from Russia to Ukraine.

3) Minsk agreement is “a long broken seize fire”

4) Hagel is most concerned about a split in NATO consid-ering some member states are worried about Russia, while some are concerned with ISIS. “Got to meet all the challenges” is what Hagel says.

Analysis: Gregg Jarrett very briefly speaks about Secretary of State John Kerry landing in Kiev to speak to the pres-ident of Ukraine announcing plans of multi billion-dollar aid package for civilians in Ukraine. He then introduces Greg Palkot, Senior of Foreign Affairs correspondent, to talk about the situation. He mentions the strong talk form Kerry about Russia’s role in the disagreement between them and Ukraine. Although he does bring up that there is more talk about the United States supplying weapons to Ukraine. John Kerry flies to Kiev, Ukraine to speak with president Petro Poroshenko about the Russian aggression. They claim that to East Ukraine is the biggest threat at the moment. Palkot then goes on to discuss Russian tanks, fighters, rockets, and radar units that are crossing the border from Russia to Ukraine. He also mentions that the United States wants a diplomatic resolution. The segment brings in a snippet from Kerry’s speech while in Ukraine. He states, “Russia needs to demonstrate its commitment to ending the bloodshed once and for all. And we would ask that it does so by honoring the agreement that it signed, Minsk agreement.” (“Mr. Obama Sends Arms…” 2015) Palkot mentions that this Minsk agreement is “a long broken seize fire” (“Mr. Obama Sends Arms…” 2015). And the only talk of aid to Ukraine is the humanitarian package; there has been no mention of new weapons. There have been nonstop deaths in Donetsk, Ukraine as the fighting con-tinues. “The U.N. says 5300 people have been killed in that region since the beginning in April” (“Mr. Obama Sends Arms…” 2015). Next, NATO Headquarters is brought up. Palkot mentions that in Brussels, the Secretary of Defense, Hagel, attends a meeting to make sure that the fighting does not expand past Ukraine and into the borders of the rest of Eastern Europe. Hagel is most concerned about a split in NATO considering some member states are worried about Russia, while some are concerned with ISIS. “Got to meet all the challenges” is what Hagel says.

1) True: John Kerry met with Poroshenko and both want nothing more than to end the war that has taken more than 5,350 lives. Kerry said “Russia’s continued aggression in the east” is the severest threat to Ukraine right now. (“Kerry Says Obama…”, 2015)

2) Very true: the United States has confirmed a pack of three Russian T-64 tanks have been spotted past the Russian border into the towns of Snizhne, Torez, and Makiyivka in Ukraine. Also, several MB-21 rocket launchers that have the same deployment in Russia have been seen being transported through the Ukraine city of Luhansk. (“Russia sent tanks…”, 2014).

3) True: a ceasefire has indeed been agreed upon for Ukraine. This agree-ment was made not much after weapons were fired near the city of Mariupol. Member of the Donetsk People’s Republic, the Luhansk People’s Republic, and Ukraine signed a ceasefire agreement. However, Poroshonko said he was “absolutely not confident” that the agreement would hold. (“Ukraine Ceasefire…”, 2014)

4) True: Defense secretary Chuck Hagel is in fact concerned about a poten-tial split within NATO. Countries in the north are more focused on Russia’s threats, while other members are concerned with the influx of foreign affairs from Africa. Hagel says that now is the time for unity and NATO has to tackle all of the challenges at the same time. (“Chuck Hagel Concerned…”, 2015)

S: The source is from Fox News, and more specifically, Greg Palkot.

P: Greg Palkot is moderate. He is senior foreign affairs correspondent meaning that his level of knowledge could be head on, but at the same time we do not know what lead him to this information.

I: stands at a low. Based on his background as a reporter he spent most of his career focusing on issues in the Middle East.

E: His expertise stands at moderate because although “senior foreign affairs correspondent”, his insight could be coming from anywhere. He does not have specific ties with the issue but does hold awards for his reporting.

M: It seems that Palkot’s intention is to inform. He did not show any signs of uncertainty. Everything he mentioned in the segment was said with firmness.

E: This segment is fact based and only speaks on how the United States and Ukraine are ready to stop. However, that is not stopping Russia. It seems that Ukraine was under the impression that John Kerry is traveling to over there to about possible weapons the U.S. will supply, only to find out that Kerry is speaking of the aid we will provide.

L: The story does not make sense. Ukraine is hoping for weapons from us and all they get upon Kerry’s arrival is a speech about support and friendship. The logical fallacy that fits here is lack of context. This article is telling us that we as a nation are supplying weapons to Ukraine, basically including us in, if created, war.

L: There are a couple of missing information. We read the title of the article “Mr. Obama, Sends Arms to Ukraine”, we instantly want to know what arms are being sent, how many, and does this automatically put us in war with Russia? These are the missing pieces to this puzzle and we are left to try to figure these things out on our own.

http://thehigherlearning.com/wp-con-tent/uploads/2015/02/greg-palkot-on-hannity.png

http://www.foxnews.com/opinion/2015/02/05/mr-obama-send-arms-to-ukraine-let-country-defend-itself-against-russia/



O B A M A R E M A R K S O N U K R A I N E 1) “Too little too late.”2) “Well there’s not a mention of what we do to provide some military support to Ukraine.”3) “there has not been more talk about the seizure of a gas plant outside of Crimea that was done by Russian heli-copters delivering Special Forces there.”4) “we are in a profoundly different place with Russia, than where we were 25 years ago.”

S: Our source for this Fox News coverage is Andrew Kuchins, director of Russia and Eurasia program at the center for strategic and international studies.

P: The proximity is rated low because although he is “director of Russia and Eurasia program at the center for strategic and international studies”, he is receiving this new information from Obama just as we are.

I: The independence for this is ranked high because he has everything to gain and nothing to lose from telling us his thoughts.

E: The expertise is ranked low because his entire coverage was opinion.

M: It appears that Kuchins’ motivation was to just tell us how he feels about what is happening in Ukraine and Russia. He was only there to give his opinion.

E: There is no evidence given that the entire time he was speaking on his own intake of the current situation.

L: The logical fallacy that ties in to this is lack of context. Kuchins’ give little to no evidence to support his opinions.

L: Given that the questions to Kuchins’ asked his opinion, there was no necessary information left out.

1) True: According to the Wall Street Journal, if Obama does finally decide to supply Ukraine with the weapons they want it will be too little too late. (“The Too Little…”, 2015).

2) True: NATO’s military commander, General Philip M. Breedlove, supports the idea of supplying Ukraine with the defensive weapons necessary to defend themselves against Russia. However Obama has not made any decisions on the matter. (“U.S. Considers Supplying…”, 2015).

3) True: The only talk of the gas plant Russians lanted just outside of the Peninsula’s border was at the time of the invent. There has really been no mention since (“Russia Seizes Gas…”, 2014).

4) True: In the early 1990s, “Presidents Gorbachev and George H.W. Bush declared a United States-Soviet strategic partner-ship at the summit of July 1991, decisively marking the end of the Cold War” (The United States).

Video AnalysisOn March 20, 2014 there was a Fox News alert that President Obama was speaking outside of the White House about the invasion of Crimea. Fox News anchor Jenna Lee introduces Andrew Kuchins, Director of Russia and Eurasia program at center for strategic and international studies, by first asking what is his reaction to what the president had to say and what does he think the impact is light and specifics as we are? Kuchins’ response is “too little too late.” He claims that what Presdident Obama is saying is condoning what Mr. Putin has already done and that the way he sees it; Obama has not said anything to stop Putin from taking further action. Kuchins’ also said he believes that Putin is “controlling the battlefield” and our reactions to it are too weak (“President Obama Remarks…”, 2014 Lee continues with asking, how do we regain control? Kuchins’ response is, “Well there’s not a mention of what we do to provide some military support to Ukraine.” He goes on to say that there are things that we can do for the Ukrainians government such as Providing them with better support through intelligence and giving them a better sense as to what is happening in their airspace and on their land. He continues with, “It’s amazing to me that there has not been more talk about the seizure of a gas plant outside of Crimea that was done by Russian helicopters delivering Special Forces there.” Kuchins’ closes by saying, “We have to be more prepared to support the Ukrainian’s more overtly with military support that would put them in a better position to defend their own territory.” To close the segment Lee chimes in by saying that Kuchins’ has mentioned, “we are in a profoundly different place with Russia, than where we were 25 years ago

http://p3.img.cctvpic.com/program//dialogue/20120508/images/1337157704656_1337157704656_r.jpg

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tZ-QeV7xmSo



C R I M E A N P E N I N S U L A 1) “over the millennia, crimea has been occupied by greeks, romans, mongols, ottomans, Byzantines and even the goths...”

2) ”in 1441, the peninsula became an independent state called the Crimean Khanate, run by a turkic people called Tatars...”

3) ”russia kept possession of crimea until 1954, when Nikita Khrushchev regifted Crimea to ukraine...”

4) “in the agreement[Budapest Memorandum}, Ukraine gave up its nukes and in exchange russia prom-ised never to use ‘threats or use of force against the territorial integrity or polit-ical independence of Ukraine’

S: The Colbert Report

P: medium: CNN showed footage, but they are not directly involved with russia

I: to inform.

E: CNN is one of the biggest and most trusted news sources out there.

M: While the Colbert report does give true information, its main purpose is entertainment.

E: He uses clips of CNN to emphasise his point in the beginning.

L: It usually makes sense. It looked like a normal history report, but because it is satire, obviously false bits were added as sarcastic humor.

L: There was a lot left out in his brief history of Crimea. he also left out bits of “the light brigade” and substituted his own verse. he didn’t show the source of a lot of his information.

Video Analysis: This cast was a comedic overview of Crimean history, as a way to introduce the topic of Crimea. He introduced it with various CNN references most of which proclaimed “Crisis in Crimea”. He then proceeded to say where Crimea was and explain the history of ownership and occupation. This video was mostly truth, with small bits of truthiness.

http://leakynews.s3.amazonaws.com/pub/wp-content/up-loads/2012/09/838-495_StephenCol-bert.jpg

1) True! Based on the Toronto Ukrainian Genealogy Group’s article,(TUGG) all of the cultures stated once occupied the region.

2) Mostly true. “He [Hajji Giray] took advantage of the disintegration of Golden Horde and in 1449 proclaimed himself to be an independent ruler.” (AllEmpires)

3) True! he sent it as a gift of good faith to show he cared about ukraine’s interests. “He [Nikita Khrushchev] did it in his typical arbitrary and head-strong manner, coming up with a proposal – at an agriculture sector gathering in the Kremlin – to hand Crimea to Ukraine as a gift.” (Korolkov, 2014)

4) True! “2. The Russian Federation, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the United States of America reaffirm their obliga-tion to refrain from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of Ukraine, and that none of their weapons will ever be used against Ukraine except in self-defence or oth-erwise in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations;” (Council on Foreign Relations, 1994)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tZ-QeV7xmSo

http://thecolbertreport.cc.com/videos/avavv1/better-know-a-geopolitical-flashpoint---crimean-peninsula



S T E P H E N CO L B E R T ’S R E P O R T 1) “...The reset [policy] was with president medvedev.”

2) “But when putin came in he changed the tone, then later the policy.”

3) ”... president obama i think rightly is trying to change putin’s calculus using differ-ent means, in particular eco-nomic sanctions.”

4) “he has complete- not total power there is a lot of rich people that don’t want to lose money because of these adventures in the ukraine.”

S: The Colbert Report

P: medium: CNN showed footage, but they are not directly involved with russia

I: to inform.

E: CNN is one of the biggest and most trusted news sources out there.

M: While the Colbert report does give true information, its main purpose is entertainment.

E: He uses clips of CNN to emphasise his point in the beginning.

L: It usually makes sense. It looked like a normal history report, but because it is satire, obviously false bits were added as sarcastic humor.

L: There was a lot left out in his brief history of Crimea. he also left out bits of “the light brigade” and substituted his own verse. he didn’t show the source of a lot of his information.

Video Analysis: This cast was a comedic overview of Crimean history, as a way to introduce the

topic of Crimea. He introduced it with various CNN references most of which proclaimed “Crisis

in Crimea”. He then proceeded to say where Crimea was and explain the history of ownership

and occupation. This video was mostly truth, with small bits of truthiness.

http://media.breitbart.com/media/2014/12/Colbert.jpg

1) True: “President Barack Obama declared Thursday that he and Russian President Dmitry Medvedev have “succeeded in resetting” the relationship between the former Cold War adversaries that had dipped to a dangerous low in recent years.” (CBSNEWS, 2014)

2) True. “McFaul traces the undoing of the reset policy to Putin’s response to street demonstrations against the regime in December 2011 following allegations of fraud in parlia-mentary elections.(Dorning, 2015)

3) True. “’And right now he’s presiding over the collapse of his currency, a major financial crisis and a huge economic contraction...’ Mr. Obama said.” (Wolfgang, 2014)

4) True “...But Markov’s point is this: ‘Some of the billionaires are probably not happy about some sanctions and they may believe that Moscow should give up on Russians in Ukraine and allow the terrorist junta to suppress them,’ he says” (Ormiston, 2015)

http://thecolbertreport.cc.com/videos/i1lidr/michael-mcfaul



J U L I A I O F F E O N CO L B E R T 1)”It had come off the front pages for the last couple months, nobody was paying attention to it until a plane with citizens of like a dozen countries was downed by a missile by these knuckleheads fighting in the region.”

2) “Most russians get their news from the tv and most tv is outright owned by the kremlin or are outright owned by companies that are loyal to the kremlin.”

3) “He, [Igor Bezler, “the Demon”] is not even a ukrainian Citizen, so it’s wierd that he’s fight-ing for this ukrainian movement, for ukraine to secede and join russia. he’s a russian Citizen.He was born in soviet crimea.”

4) He [Igor Bezler] Swears a lot and said,”man, seriously, this is 100% a civilian plane!”

S: Julia Ioffe

P: According to her bio, Julia worked as a Moscow-based correspondent for “Foreign Policy” and “the New Yorker”. She was in the middle of one of the involved countries, so proximity is high.

I: medium. to inform the public

E: She is an editor of The New Republic and also works as a correspondent for Foreign Policy and The New Yorker

M: To entertain.

E: Julia’s testimony was the only information Colbert referenced.

L: It seemed to tell a story about what got us involved in the conflict, so it made sense.

L: Sources aside from Julia’s testimony.

Video Analysis: This was an interview of Juila Ioffe by Stephen Colbert. the conversation covered how the US initially got involved in the Crimean conflict, some details about the leaders, and the use of propaganda in Russia. Suprisingly, there was more truth than truthiness here. they cracked the occasion

http://colbertnation.mtvnimages.com/images/shows/colbert_report/videos/season10/10132/cr_10132_05.jpg?crop=true

1) Mostly True. “John Kerry made a strong case Sunday tying Ukrainian separatists to the missile that shot down Malaysia Airlines Flight 17” (Carroll, 2014)

2) True. “PETER POMERANTSEV:...‘And the first thing that Vladimir Putin did in 2000, when he came to power, was to get rid of the oligarchs who controlled television and take it over.’” (Warner, 2014)

3) True. ”The Demon [Bezler] was born in Crimea as Igor Bezler and lived for a long time in Russia before moving to Gorlovka, where he worked for a time as the director of the local funeral parlour.” (Walker, 2014)

4) “The beginning of the audio, Ukraine’s security services say, is between Igor Bezler, a pro-Russian rebel leader, and Vasili Geranin, a man Ukraine alleges to be a Russian intel-ligence agent. In the first line, Bezler alleg-edly says ‘We have just shot down a plane.’” (Miller, Ries, Wills, 2014)

http://thecolbertreport.cc.com/videos/1872w0/julia-ioffe



B I B L I O G R A P H Y AFP. (2014, March 18). Biden Warns Russia of More Sanctions Over Crimea ‘Land Grab’. Retrieved from http://www.themalaymailonline.com/world/article/ biden-warns-russia-of-more-sanctions-over-crimea-land-grab1

Baldor, L. C. (2015, February 5). Chuck Hagel concerned about possible split in NATO. Retrieved from http://www.dispatch.com/content/stories/national_world/2015/02/05/0205- hagel-on-nato-split.html

Bolton, J. (2015, February 17). The Too Little, Too Late Presidency. Retrieved from http://www. wsj.com/articles/john-bolton-the-too-little-too-late-presidency-1424219513

Bora, K. (2015, February 13). After Ukraine Ceasefire Agreement,EU Warns Russia With New Sanctions If Deal Fails To End War. Retrieved form http://www.ibtimes.com/after- ukraine-ceasefire-agreement-eu-warns-russia-new-sanctions-if-deal-fails-end-war-1815256

Brookes, P. (2014, February 28). Ukraine vs. Russia—here’s what’s really going on. Retrieved from http://www.foxnews.com/opinion/2014/02/28/ ukraine-vs-russia-here-what-really-going-on/

Carroll, L. (2014 July 20) Kerry: Ukrainian sepratist ‘bragged’ on social media about shooting down Malaysia Flight 17. Retrieved from http://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2014/jul/20/john-kerry/ kerry-ukrainian-separatist-bragged-social-media/

Colbert, S (2014, march 4) Better know a geopolitical flashpoint - Crimean Peninsula. Retrieved from http://thecolbertreport.cc.com/videos/avavv1/ better-know-a-geopolitical-flashpoint---crimean-peninsula

Colbert, S (2014 July 22) Julia Ioffe. Retrieved from http://thecolbertreport.cc.com/ videos/1872w0/julia-ioffe

Colbert, S (2014 April 28) Michael McFaul. Retrieved from http://thecolbertreport.cc.com/ videos/i1lidr/michael-mcfaul

Clark, L. (2014, March 24). Obama to Europe: If Russia Continues to Escalate, We Need to Impose More Costs. Retrieved from http://www.mcclatchydc.com/2014/03/24/222137/ obama-to-europe-if-russia-continues.html

Crisp, J., Van Der Hoven, M. (2014, July 12). EU Dependent on Russian Gas For ‘Foreseeable Future’, Warns IEA. Retrieved from http://www.euractiv.com/sections/ energy/eu-dependent-russian-gas-foreseeable-future-warns-iea-310469

Donoghue, J. E. (2009, April 17). Accordance With International Law of the Unilateral Declaration of Independence by the Provisional Institutions of Self- Government of Kosovo. Retrieved from https://www.ilsa.org/jessup/jessup15/Second%20Batch/ USWrittenSubmissionKosovo.pdf

Dorning, M. (2015 February 19) Obama Saw Too Late Putin’s Return Would Undermine Reset. Retrieved from http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-02-19/ obama-putin

Fisher, M., Birnbaum, M., Gowen, A., Frankel, T. C., DeYoung, K., Demirijian, K., Patrick, A. O. (2014, July 24). After a Malaysian Plane is Shot Down in Ukraine, Grief and Outrage Ripple Worldwide. Retrieve from http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/after-a-malay sian-plane-is-shot-down-in-ukraine-grief-and-outrage-ripple-worldwide/2014/07/24/ b9bf99a2-11e9-11e4-98ee-daea85133bc9_story.html

Greg Palkot. Retrieved from http://www.foxnews.com/on-air/personalities/greg-palkot/ bio/#s=m-q

Gregory, P. R. (2015, February 03). Putin Shrugs Off Oligarch Opposition To His ‘Holy War’ And Policies. Retrieved from http://www.forbes.com/sites/paulroderickgreg ory/2015/02/06/kerry-delivers-hot-air-speech-to-ukraine-while-putin-supplies- tanks- missiles-and-troops/

Gordon, M. R., Schmitt, E. (2015, February 1). U.S. Considers Supplying Arms to Ukraine Forces, Officials Say. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/02/world/us- taking-a-fresh-look-at-arming-kiev-forces.html?_r=0

(n.d.) History of Ukraine. Retreiver from http://www.torugg.org/History/history_of_ukraine.html

Herbst, J. (2014, March 14) Russia Would Lose a Fair Crimea Vote. Retrieved from http:// nation alinterest.org/commentary/russia-would-lose-fair-crimea-vote-10054

Herszenhorn, D. M., Baker, P., Kramer, A. E. (2014, March 15). Russia Seizes Gas Plant Near Crimea Border, Ukraine Says. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/16/ world/europe/russian-troops-seize-gas-plant-beyond-crimean-border-ukraine-says.html

Huard, P. R. (2014, November 18). The War in Ukraine Is Killing Lots of Russians: Trucks marked ‘Gruz 200’ Could be hearses for Moscow’s Dead. Retrieved from https://medium. com/war-is-boring/the-war-in-ukraine-is-killing-lots-of-russians-cdf321c369

Ioffe, Julia (n.d) Julia Ioffe Retrieved from http://www.juliaioffe.com/bio

Korolkov, Aleksandr (2014 April 18) Crimea:Nikita Khrushchev’s ‘gift on a golden dish’, Retrieved from http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sponsored/rbth/politics/10745698/ khrushchev-crimea-ukraine.html

Kushch, L. (2014, March 5). Activists replant Russian Flag above HQ in Ukraine city. Retrieved from http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/03/05/ us-ukraine-crisis-donetsk-evacuation-idUSBREA240JC20140305



B I B L I O G R A P H Y

Lee, J., Scott, J. (2014, March 20). President Obama Remarks on Ukraine. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tZ-QeV7xmSo.

Miller, C., Ries, B. & Wills, A. (2014 July 17) Rebel Leader in Alleged Leaked Audio: We Just Shot Down a Plane Retrieved from http://mashable.com/2014/07/17/ malaysia-airlines-ukraine-russia-cossacks-leaked-audio/

Morello, C., Constable, P., Faiola, A. (2014, March 16). Crimeans Vote to Break Away From Ukraine, Join Russia. Retrieved from http://www.washingtonpost.com/ world/2014/03/16/ccec2132-acd4-11e3-a06a-e3230a43d6cb_story.html

Obama, B. (2014, March 20). President Obama Speaks on Ukraine. Retrieved from http://www. whitehouse.gov/photos-and-video/video/2014/03/20/president-obama-speaks-ukraine

(2010 June 24) Obama, Mendvedev “Reset” US-Russia Relations. Retrieved from http://www. cbsnews.com/news/obama-medvedev-reset-us-russia-relations/

Ormiston, S. (2015 January 29) Russian power struggle: Could Putin lose his leverage over Moscow Elite? Retrieved from http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/ russian-power-struggle-could-putin-lose-his-leverage-over-moscow-elite-1.2936440

Putin, V ( 2014, March 18) Address by President of the Russian Federation. Retieved from http://eng.kremlin.ru/news/6889

Rapoza, K. (2014, April 28). Obama Says U.S. Military Not An Option In Ukraine. Retrieved from http://www.forbes.com/sites/kenrapoza/2014/04/28/ obama-says-u-s-military-not-an-option-in-ukraine/

RFE/RL. (2015, May 02). Kerry Says Obama To Decide ‘Soon’ Whether To Give Ukraine Weapons. Retrieved from http://www.rferl.org/content/ukraine-poroshenko-john-kerry- meet ing-kyiv-/26831016.html

Riva, A. (2014, November 21). Russia Sends Mig-31 Foxhound Fighter Jets To Ukraine Border, In Escalation of Tension Over Separatist Region: Report. Retrieved from http://www.ibtimes.com/ russia-sends-mig-31-foxhound-fighter-jets-ukraine-border-escalation-tension-over-1727726

Roland Oliphant in Simferopol and agencies. (2014, February 27). Ukraine crisis: Russian flag raised in Crimea as gunmen storm parliament. Retrieved from http://www.telegraph. co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/ukraine/10664381/Ukraine-crisis-Russian-flag-raised- in-Crimea-as-gunmen-storm-parliament.html

Roland Oliphant, The Telegraph. (2014, February 27). Defiant Yanukovych Finds Protection In Moscow. Retrieved from http://www.businessinsider.com/

report-ukraines-yanukovych-seen-in-moscow-2014-2

Skibicki, E. (2015, February 05). Mr. Obama, send arms to Ukraine, let country defend itself agains Russia. Retrieved from http://www.foxnews.com/opinion/2015/02/05/ mr-obama-send-arms-to-ukraine-let-country-defend-itself-against-russia/

Stewart, W. (2015, February 19). Russian separatists claim to have killed 3,000 Ukrainian troops in battles for key rail hub as Kiev says 90% of its forces have now evacuated under-siege city. Retrieved from http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2959891/ Russian-separatists-claim-killed-3-000-Ukrainian-troops-battles-key-rail-hub-Kiev-says- 90-forces-evacuated-siege-town.html

The Kremlin, Moscow. (2014, March 18). Addresses by President of the Russian Federation. Retrieved from http://eng.kremlin.ru/news/6889

TJK (2004) The Tatar Khanate of Crimea, Retrieved from (http://www.allempires.com/article/ index.php?q=The_Crimean_Khanate

Ukraine and Russia Sanctions. Retrieved from http://www.state.gov/e/eb/tfs/spi/ ukrainerussia/

U.S. Department of Treasury. (2014, March 20). Ukraine-related Designations. Retrieved from http://www.treasury.gov/resource-center/sanctions/OFAC-Enforcement/ Pages/20140320_33.aspx

U.S. Library of Congress. The United States. Retrieved from http://countrystudies.us/ russia/80.htm

Walker, S. (2014 July 29) An audience with Ukraine rebel chief Igor Bezler, the Demon of Donetsk Retrieved from http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/ jul/29/-sp-ukraine-rebel-igor-bezler-interview-demon

Walker, S. (2014, September 5). Ukraine ceasefire ‘agreed for east of country’ at Minsk peace talks. Retrieved from http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/sep/05/ ukraine-ceasefire-east-minsk-peace-talks

Warner, M. (2014 December 4) How the Kremlin uses TV to shap Russian political ‘reality’ Retrieved from http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/ kremlin-uses-tv-shape-russian-political-reality/

Watkins, J. A. (2013, January 7). Women of Fox News. Retrieved from http://james-a-watkins. hubpages.com/hub/Women-of-Fox-News

Weaver, M., Luhn, A. (2015, February 12). Ukraine Ceasefire Agreed at Belarus Talks. Retrieved from http://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/feb/12/ ukraine-crisis-reports-emerge-of-agreement-in-minsk-talks



B I B L I O G R A P H Y

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WHO WE ARE

Yazmine Rei Aguirre is a sophomore at Utah State University. She is a journalism major emphasizing in broadcast. She is from Los Angeles, California and moved up to Logan, Utah for the opportunity to ski as often as she pleases. She is currently taking 2 journal-ism classes, along with biology, tumbling, and statis-tics. Her favorite thing to do when she is not at work or at school is sleep. Although she is from the beautiful state of California she would prefer to be on a moun-tain skiing than siting on a beach tanning. Yazmine’s ultimate goal is to graduate college, gain a career as a sports broadcaster, and hopefully travel the world

Nick Fuller is a sophomore at Utah State University. He grew up in Draper, Utah and moved up to Logan for school. He is an aviation major with his private pilots license. He enjoys all things Disney, rock climbing, skiing, snow-boarding, and the Rocky Horror Picture Show. His future goals include flying for a commercial airline.

Documents

Truth vs truthiness (1)