TYPES OF EVOLUTION PATTERNS

SPECIES• Species is a term for a population

of similar individuals that in nature can interbreed and produce viable offspring.

• In nature some species are reproductively isolated, sheep and goats may live together in nature but they do not reproduce however, when in captivity they may reproduce and can produce fertile offspring.

SPECIATION• This is the case when a new species arises from an ancestral species, it usually involves change in

the genetic makeup of the population and these changes can be both structural and behavioural.• Allopatric Speciation may occur when a small part of a population becomes isolated from the

parent population. Page 353/354 workbook)• This can be seen between mainlands and their adjoining islands.• Biology Workbook Page 341/342 ( Oceanic Island Colonisers)• Page 347/348 (The species Concept)• Page 350/351( isolation and Species formation) and (Reproductive Isolation)• Page 356 ( Speciation in Australia)• Sympatric Speciation this is rare but may occur when a population exists within a diverse

collection of microhabitats. Page 355• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3yqrC1QRJWk (Mr Brightstorm + Speciation)• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rlfNvoyijmo ( speciation + Bozemanbiology)

DIVERGENT EVOLUTION• This occurs when an ancestral

species give rise to diverse descendants adapted to various aspects of the environment.

• This can lead to descendants looking very different to their original ancestors.

• Divergent evolution can be seen in placental mammals. Placental mammals may all have a similar ancestor.

• Workbook Page 357

CONVERGENT EVOLUTION.• This occurs when distantly related

organisms can give rise to species that resemble one another.

This reason for this is that they have to adapt to living in a similar environment.Convergent evolution can be seen in the stream lining of the organisms that live in our oceans.Workbook page 363/364 (convergent evolution)

ADAPTIVE RADIATION• http://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=N7mLxvNTSog

• What the above clip( adaptive radiation by Mr Brightstorm) and write a set of notes that define adaptive Radiation.

• Complete Workbook Page 359/360• (Adaptive Radiation in Ratities)• Workbook page page 361/362• (Adaptive radiation in Mammals)

TASK 1: EVOLUTION CLIPS AND QUESTIONS

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jeza0g3E8wE

• Using this clip ( Mr Brightstorm presents Evolution points)

• Define the terms:• Genetic Drift • Microevolution• Macroevolution• Natural selection• Use examples to explain your terms• Explain the 2 theories of thought that explains

changes in the populations. ( Phyletic Gradualism and Punctuated equilibrium)