UgandaThe country, the History and

Culture

Equator

Border countries: North: Sudan 435 km, East: Kenya 933 km, South: Rwanda 169 km, South: Tanzania 396 km West: DRC 765 km

Location

Country facts

Area: Total: 236,040 sq km (91,135 sq miles) Land: 199,710 sq km Water: 36,330 sq km

Slightly smaller than Oregon (97,073sq miles)

Bigger than ND (70,702 sq miles) Population 30 million

Uganda – Quick factsUganda – Quick facts

Former British ProtectorateFormer British Protectorate Churchill called it the ‘Pearl of Churchill called it the ‘Pearl of

Africa’Africa’ Got independence - 9Got independence - 9thth October October

19621962 Republic of UgandaRepublic of Uganda

Ethnic groups (17 major and 15 subgroups)

Baganda 17%, Ankole 8%, Basoga 8%, Iteso 8%, Bakiga 7%, Langi 6%, Rwanda 6%, Bagisu 5%, Acholi 4%,

Lugbara 4%, Batoro 3%, Bunyoro 3%, Alur 2%, Bagwere 2%, Bakonjo 2%, Jopodhola 2%, Karamojong 2%, Rundi 2%, non-African (European,

Asian, Arab) 1%, other 8%

Pre-colonial setup Was a British creation With over thirty ethnic groups Broadly speaking there are four groups namely

The bantu, Hamites Nilotics, Nilo-hamites and The sudanic tribes

Social-economic organization All societies had similar socio-economic institutions

Worshipped ancestors and cults

Extended family was a social unit

Economic activities were mainly pastoralism and agriculture supplemented by hunting, fishing, iron-smelting and handicraft

Political organization

Monarchies such as Buganda, Bunyoro, Nkore, and Toro

Inter-ethnic relationship mainly through trade

Peoples languages and culture Diverse cultures and languages

Religion

Roman Catholic 33%, Protestant 33%, Muslim 16%, Indigenous beliefs 18%

Traditional African religions Anchestral worship

History Cushitic speakers settled in the area around 1000 BC. In the first millennium AD, Bantu-speaking peoples

moved into the highland areas of East Africa, cultivated the banana as a food crop.

After AD 1000, two other migrations -Nilotic-speaking Sudanic people and Luo speakers.

In the south, the kingdom of Bunyoro was the most powerful and extensive, but in the 18th century the neighboring kingdom of Buganda began to challenge its supremacy.

The two states engaged in a critical power struggle when the British explorers John Hanning Speke and J. A. Grant reached Buganda in 1862.

History The Anglo-German agreement of 1890 officially

outlined imperial spheres of influence in East Africa. Uganda and Kenya were considered British spheres and Tanganyika a German sphere.

The first Christian missionaries, members of the CMS of Great Britain, came to Buganda in 1877.

In 1888, the Imperial British East African Co. was granted a charter and authorized to administer the British sphere of East Africa.

History Uganda should obtain independence on 9 October 1962. On 9 October 1963, Sir Edward Mutesa (Kabaka Mutesa

II of Buganda) became Uganda's first president. In February 1966, the 1962 constitution was suspended

and the Prime Minister, Milton Obote, assumed all powers of government

On 25 January 1971, while Obote was out of the country, Maj Gen Idi Amin led a successful military coup and Uganda was proclaimed the second republic on 17 March 1971.

History Under Amin, Uganda suffered a reign of terror that had

claimed 50,000 to 300,000 lives by 1977 (AI).

In reponse Tanzanian forces, supported by anti-Amin rebels, struck back and took over Kampala on 11 April 1979

Obote's Uganda People's Congress (UPC) won a clear majority (contested), and he was sworn in as president on 15 December 1980.

Obote's second term in office was marked by continued fighting between the army and guerrilla factions. As many as 100,000 people may have died as a result of massacres, starvation, hindrance of relief operations.

QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

History On 27 July 1985, Obote was overthrown in a

military coup and Lt. Gen. Tito Okello, commander of the armed forces, was installed as president.

Lt Gen Tito Okello was overthrown by NRA led by Yoweri Museveni on 26 January 1986.

Most notably the Holy Spirit rebels of Alice Lakwena in 1987.

Lords Resistance rebels -1987- to date

QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor

are needed to see this picture.