UNCLASSIFIEDDiagram for Nitrogen. 11 AEDC-TN-60-83, May 1960 .. 5. Furukawa, G. T., and McCoskey, R. E. l1The Condensation Line of Air and the Heats of Vaporization of Oxygen arid

UNCLASSIFIED

AD

/

DEFENSE DOCUMENTATION CENTER FOR

SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL INFORMATION

CAMERON STATION, ALEXANDRIA, VIRGINIA

UNCLASSIFIED

NOTICE: When government or other drawlngB, specifications or other data are used for any purpose other than in connection with a definitely related government procurement operation, the U. S. Government thereby incurs no responsibility, nor any obligation whatsoever; and the fact that the Gorem- ment may have fonnulated, furnished, or in any way supplied the said drawings, specifications, or other data is not to be regarded by implication or other- wise as in any manner licensing the holder or any other person or corporation, or conveying any rights or permission to manufacture, use or sell any patented invention that may in any way be related thereto.

AEDC-TDR-63-190

ECSSSSSCSö

' '-«■*

MOLLIER DIAGRAM FOR AIR

S D D ; '

By A .nr.T T '963

^

Wanda J. Littie

Gas Dynai ARO, Inc.

von KaVman Gas Dynamics Facilitf

TECHNICAL DOCUMENTARY REPORT NO. AEDC-TiR-63-190

September 1963

Program Element 61405014/8951, Task 89803

(Pr.portd und.r Contract No. AF 40(600)-1000 by KRO, Inc..

MMMd «^•rofof of AEDC, Arnold Air Fore» Stotitn, Tonn,)

ARNOLD ENGINEERING DEVELOPMENT CENTER

fwN1 AIR FORCE SYSTEMS COMMAND

UNITED STATES AIR FOIItCi

g <

a 5 3 00 35 M Ov

S a = W U

, Pi % < gs a y od ^

Q < g w 3 3

> O a

5V^9 ^//^ ^^

nr

106 28 30 32

10'

8

6

MOLLIER DIAGRAM FOR EQ 30 32 34 36 38 •«) 42

ISOÜO 0K ^*—•—

14000 0K

l30OOoK

12000 "K

I10000K

1

> 1

FOK

>

I EQUTTJB 42 44

Rii 46

JM AIR 14,, rn 1 {n t

^^5 ■ ^^

iZ^zZ^^Z^Z^zis

R 52 54

I I i I ; I ! ! ; ^ i j i ; : i U i i 1 j i I ! : : I i ! : I j 1 \: : [I: [ii : i i :i \\ : i ' •'

n

:.;.:;:

10^

\4

J i : :

HOC

l800oK

50

^^ 9000oK

52 ^ ^ /. . 1 • ' ' . ■ ■ 1 ^.. ^-

54 56 58 Ml

S/R

MOLLIER DIAGRAM FOR EQUILIBRIU

PRKI'ARKD »V IMl SIAH- ()» VON KARMAN <.AS DYNAStK

FACILITY. ARO. INC. CONTRACT ()I>1 RATORS OF ARSOI.D I !

cnNF.HRINC DKVKl.OI'MFNI CFNTFR. INnFl) SI Al I S Al

FORCK. ARNOLD AIR POKE STATION. TINNF-SS1 I lUNTBD f

THF. 1'ARTHINON PRIvSS. NASHVI1.I.1 . 11 NNI SSI 1 . MARl H Hj

This chart is a composite of sectional parts given hy Wamla I. Little, "I

Air,'* AEDC-TIÄ-63-190,September 1963.The ilata tor it are derived

■ « II • m ■

S/R

)IAGRAM FOR EQUILIBRIUM AIR

,D BY THK STAFF OF VON KARMAN (iAS DYNAMICS

ARO, INC., CONTRACT Ol'KRATORS OF ARNOLO EH-

NG DEVELOPMENT CENTER, UNITED STATES AIR

IRNOLD AIR FORCE STATION, TENNESSEE. PRINTED BY

LTHENON PRESS, NASHVILLE, TENNESSEE, MARCH 19M.

e of sectional parts given by Wanda ]. Little, "Mollier Diagram for

^rtrrnWr WM The data for it are derived from I- Hilsenrath

_

JO#K

240olt

220oK

ZOO^K

«•QOK

260 "K

44 46 48

10'

I0-'

utiWWNNO DFVFI.OPMFNT CFNTFR. fNTTTT 5TATTS ATR

FORCE. ARNOLD AIR POME STATION. TF.NNKSSFI. I'RINTFI) BV

THE PARTHENON PRESS. NASHVILLE. TENNESSEE. StARCH 1*4.

\4

io3

.

This chart is a composite of sectional parts given hy Wanda I. Little. "Mollier

Air," AEDC-TDR-63-190, Septemher »63. The data tor it are derived from

and M. Klein. "Tables of Thermodynamic Properties ol Air in Chemical Ed

eluding Second Virial Corrections from 1500 to 15,000%" AEDCTDR43

1963, and from R. L. Humphrey and C. A. Ned, " Tables of Thermodvnamic

Air from 90 to 1^00"K;• AEDC-TR-61-103, August 1961. The latter lahle«. are

on I. Hilsenr.uli. C. W. Beckett, et al.. Tables oj Thermal Piufirtki of Cue*. I

564. NovemlK-r 1955, and on F. Din, Thermodynanin hum lions of Gases. V

worths, London. 1956. The tables of Din als.) provide data for the saturation

sures above one atmosphere. At pressures below one .umosphere. the approx

tion line- is basal on C. T. Furukawa and R. E. McCoskey. "The Condensatior

and the Heats of Vaporization of Oxygen and Nitrogen." XHSTeehiiKa! Rep

gust 1952. and on W. 1). Krickson and 11. E. Creekmore. "Suulv d EqidKbrij

Effects in Hvpersonic Air Nozzles, Including Charts ol ThermcHlynamic Propc

librium Air," \ASA-TN-i)-231. April 19(,().

The vertical coordinate is the enthalpv luiKiion 1 l/R expressed in urn

Kelvin. Its values are obtained by multiplving the dunensionless luiuiion 1

temperature. The horizontal COOfdlMtr is the dmunsionless eMfOp) luneti.

temperature T ts measured in degrees Kelvin. The pressure p is given m aim.

the density p in unagat units based on the densitv ot .ur at (V'C and a pressure .

phere. The logarithms are common logarithms to base ten.

For air, one amagat is the equivalent of 0.0012"' grams per cubic eentmul

pounds per cubic foot. Enthalpy in calories per gram is equal to I I/R( K) i

0.0686 and in British thermal units per pound it is equal to 1 l/R( K ) multipl«

The specific enthalpy in fect-squared per second-squared is equal to H/R("K

by 3092.0 and in meters-squared per second-squared to H/R("K) multiphe«

t8 102

GINEERING DEVELOPMENT CENTER. UNITED STATES AIR

FORCE, ARNOLD AIR FORCE STATION. TENNESSEE. PRINTED BY

THE PARTHENON PRESS. NASHVILLE. TENNESSEE. MARCH I9M.

This chart is a composite of sectional parts given by Wanda I. Little, "Mollier Diagram for

Air," AE1X rDR-63-190, September 1963. The data for it are derived from I. Hilsenrath

and M. KU"-"Tables of Thcrmodynamic Properties of Air in Chemical Kquilibrium In-

cluding Second Virial Corrections from 1500 to 15,000"K," AEDC-TDR-63-161, August

1963, and fn m R. L. Humphrey and C. A. Neel, "Tables of Thermodynamic Properties of

Air from 90 Ml 500° K," AEDC-TR-61-103, August 1961. The latter tables are based mainly

on ]. HilseiH ith, C. W. Beckett, et al.. Tables of Thermal Properties of Gases. NBS Circular

564, November 1955, and on F. Din, Thernioclynamic Functions of Clases, Vol. 2, Butter-

worths. London, 1956. The tables of Din also provide data for the saturation line at pres-

sures above one atmosphere. At pressures below one atmosphere, the approximate satura-

tion Jint- is based on C. T. Furukawa and R. F. McCoskey, "The Condensation Line of Air

and the 1 leats of Vaporization of Oxygen and Nitrogen," NBS Technical Report 1775, Au-

gust 1952, and on W. D. Frickson and H. F. Creekmore, "Study of Equfllbriuni Real-Gas

Effects in llvpersonic Air Nozzles, Including Charts of Thermodynamic Properties ot Fcjui-

librium Air," NASA-TN-D-231, April 1960.

The vertical coordinate is the enthalpy function ll/R expressed in units of degrees

Kelvin. Its values arc obtained by multiplying the dimensionless function 1 l/RT bv the

temperature. The horizontal coordinate is the dimensionless entropy tunction S/R. The

temperature I is measured in degrees Kelvin. The pressure p is given in atmospheres, and

the density p in amagat units based on the density of air at 0"C and a pressure of one atmos-

phere. The logarithms are common logarithms to base ten.

For air, on» amagat is the equivalent of 0.00129 grams per cubic centimeter or 0.0807

pounds per t; )ic foot. Enthalpy in calories per gram is equal to H/R("K) multiplied by

0.0686 and in British thermal units per pound it is equal to H/R("K) multiplied by 0.1234.

The specific . ithalpy in feet-squared per second-squared is equal to H/R("K) multiplied

by 3092.0 and in meters-squared per second-squared to H/R("K) multiplied by 287.2.

-I

AEDC-TDR-63-l90

MOLLIER DIAGRAM FOR AIR

By

Wanda J. Little

von Karman Gas Dynamics facility ARD, Inc.

TECHNICAL DOCUMENTARY REPORT NO. AEDC .. TDR·63·190

September 1963

Program Element 61405014/8951, Task 89603

(Prepared under Contract No. AF 40(600).1000 by ARO, Inc., contract operator of AEDC, Arnold Air Force Station, Tenn.)

ARNOLD ENGINEERING DEVELOPMENT CENTER

AIR FORCE SYSTEMS COMMAND

UNITED STATES AIR FORCI

AF 40(600)1000

AEDC. TDR.63.190

ABSTRACT

A Mollier diagram for air, including the effects of dissociation and ionization, as well as of intermolecular potentials to the second virial correction. is presented. The range of temperatures extends from the saturation line to 15, OOooK and the range of densities, from 10- 7 to approximately 200 amagats.

PUBLICATION REVIEW

This report has been reviewed and publication is approved.

~. ;9$T~ L~ D. Fit{{er~ld-Capt, USAF Aerospace Sciences Division DCS/Research

~U-~Sj, ~~al} R. Eastman, Jrr"

DCS/Research .

ii

ABSTRACT ..... NOMENCLA TURE .

1. 0 INTRODUCTION. REFERENCES. APPENDIX ...

Figure

1. Index Sheet.

2-33 Air Mollier Diagram

COl'nEHTS

ILLUSTRATIOHS

iii

A EDC. TDR.63.190

Page

ii iv 1 1 3

4

5-36

H/R

log

P

R

S/R

T

p/po

NOMENCLATURE

Enthalpy in oK, obtained by multiplying the dimensionless function H/RT by the temperature in oK

Common logarithm to base 10

Pressure, atm

Gas constant

Entropy, dimensionless

Temperature, oK

Density in amagats, based on Po at O°C and one atm of pressure

iv

AEDC-TDR=63=190

1.0 INTRODUCTION

This air Mollier diagram was prepared for the purposes .of data reduction in the operation of wind tunnels at the Arnold Engineering Development Center (AEDC), Air Force Systems Command (AFSC), USAF. This diagram represents the most recently available information on the thermodynamic properties of air, . including the effects of dissociation, ionization, and of intermolecular potentials to the second virial correction. The diagram covers the range of temperatures from the saturation line to 15, OOooK and the range of densities from 10- 7 to from 200 to 250 amagats. Above 1500oK, the plotted data are taken from the tables of Hilsenrath and Klein (Ref. 1), whereas the data below 15000 K are derived from the tables of Humphrey and Neel (Ref. 2) which combine information from various sources, notably the tabl~s of Din (Ref. 3). Data below 90oK, as well as all data at densities below 10- 7 amagat, were generated mainly by extrapolation, using the method described in Ref. 4. The tables of Din (Ref. 3) provide explicit data for the saturation line at pressures from one atmosphere upwards. At pressures below one atmosphere, the saturation line is based on the work of Furukawa and McCoskey (Ref. 5) and of Erickson. and Creekmore (Ref. 6), the latter being based on vapor-pressure data for pure nitrogen and oxygen.

Enthalpy, expressed as H/R having dimensions of degrees Kelvin, is plotted vertically on a logarithmic scale through four decimal orders of magnitude. The dimensionless entropy, S /R, is the other basic variable. Lines at constant density are identified by their values of log P / Po' in which the ratio p / Po is the density in amagats. The constant pressure lines are marked in atmospheres and the constant temperature in degrees Kelvin.

The appendix contains a short list of useful conversion factors.

REFERENCES

1. Hilsenrath, J., and Klein, M. "Tables of Equilibrium Properties of Air Including Second Virial Corrections. II AEDC-TDR-63-161. September 1963.

2. Humphrey, R. L., and Neel, C. A. "Tables of the Thermodynamic Properties of Air from 90 to 1500oK." AEDC-TN-61-103, August 1961.

Manuscript received August 1963.

1

AEDC.TDR·63~190

3. Din, F. Thermodynamic Functions of Gas es. Vol. 1, Butterworths Scientific Publications, London, 1961.

4. Humphrey, R. L., Little, W. J., and Seely, L. A. "Mollier Diagram for Nitrogen. 11 AEDC-TN-60-83, May 1960 ..

5. Furukawa, G. T., and McCoskey, R. E. l1The Condensation Line of Air and the Heats of Vaporization of Oxygen arid Nitrogen. 11

National Bureau of Standards Technical Report 1775. August 1, 1952.

6. Erickson, W. D., and Cre~kmore, H. S. l1A Study of Equilibrium Real-Gas Effects in Hypersonic Air Nozzles, Including Charts of Thermodynamic Properties of Equilibrium Air." NASA TN D-231, April 1960.

2

APPENDIX

Conversion Factors To With Units of Multiply by

To Change

H 1 H None T (OK) -R RT

H oR 1.8 -R

H ft2 3. 09235( 10)3

sec 2

Btu 1.23406(10)-1 lb

cal 6.86042(10)-2 gm

S ,ft 2 3.09235(10)3 - S

sec 2 °K R

ft 2 1. 71797(10)3

sec 2 °R

Btu 6.85590(10)-2 --lboR

Btu 1. 23406(10)-1 --lbOK

cal 6.86402(10)-2 gmoK

L P ~ 1. 29304(10)- 3 cm3 Po

Ib 4.67143(10)-5 in. 3

lb 8.07223(10)-2 ft3

3

flO 1ft

~ 1I IiII

" ~ 0 '=' ~ 1I :z

l lie ~ ~ i 1i ::I C If ~ ! ... ... A.. ~ ~

I I -I -I I

.. ~

II ,.. II .c ,.. rI.I V)

)( II ." .: .... . ~ I.b

4

104

103

14 15 16

I

It 17 18 19

SIR Fig.2 Air Mollier Diagram

5

AE DC. TO R·63.190 - -- --

'I J

'J II

I~~ II , .. II I 17 ~ 1 ,

I'~ 1'1.'1/ r>. Ilil ~[I

Ll JiV II I ~ 1/ II B' I~ ~II;I

20 21

9

'HIs u; OZ 61 81 L1 91 91 t1

G01

1'<1 Ie 11, btd.l. ~~

V j{

I) 1\ II 11 1\

11 II 11 II

Il I

II I

_. j-

t

'}Io ''H/H

-

,

,

t= t= t= 801

104-

21

"

--

I

22 23

-

-t -+--

- --

. L_

If -

--

--

Ir~;I I,ll /

~r.... / f. V /

;1.3Pl L V 71/

24

SIR Fig. 4 Air Mollier Diagram

7

-

- -

-

V /

I I,

V ~

II / ,I. / /

~ 1/ / II/ V

V /

"- I 1/-

25 2~

AEDC.TDR.63.190

:c::::-.

--,

,

0

IIC

I 1/ ~ /

't / 01/ IOD~ V 1.1.

V Ii: ~I/.i/ V

" 1 VII ~ ~2 , QI ~

V ~ ~V v~y Io/..~ ~Io ~ ~

~ ". / 1I / V~ I/!I ~~ l

V ILl II/ I ~/-/ ~ 1/ II ~

II ~ II ,

I" ~ V- I .~ -

27 28

IL 'L

It.: 1.1 j

I I [/ 1.1, II I . I IIV

'I ~ 'I I V 19 V '/

II , J

I'lL '/ ~ 1/ II I~

~ II 'I I ~

[/!7 1I 1/ l.I I II II I I

V V:V V I

22

.

" L I

til i II }I ~ / V II) r

/ I I'l II D II 1/

II V 'I If, V

~ I V

r.J 111/

1/ V :; 'IV

v I I V

II I 1/ V V

~ VV V

23

!.Ill ') I !j P I I

'I I I I 1.1 V II V I V V I

." 'I I 'I ' I

I :; II/ I. II / I I/, V' it VIAl 1/1

'I 'I II V 1I v iI II I bf II I

1/11' I IL r'i I II I '/ I V 'I r:.;.1 I,

1I IP I VI [I II/ '/

24 25


8

AEDC. TDR.63·190

. .

")i

l') 1 " IAI l~

II IlIl 'I 1/ • j. II I / I I \~ V I IV V

I I' I V lot it ~ ~ V. )"11 IJ

I~~ I ... :,', t~ I V' / I II \It I 1I

'I I ~ ,1) I I

1/ V 1I ~ ~ r' '/ t-:,~ I b' I ~ 10.

v' V I 1/1 '/ I ~~ V V V V ~V ,~t

1/1' IJ 1/ V I ,~ IV V

26 27 28

AEDC· TDR.63.190

;....

-f- . r rl

I I~

'I I I)

16 I/, ilII

i'1'l III II , 17 J I) :l

~ ~ II f- ·110 ~ Ii

I.e " II IJl 1-+-+-+-+-+-+++++++-+-

1 +. ... ...... -... .. .., fi' F-I- ~ p' 11

102 ~~~~~~~wwwwww~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28


9

IJ ~ 'f ,I V

I' I' 1/ ~ I'

il' I~ f' V

1.11' ~ 1 ~ ; 1 II

/, 1 I 1/ r i.I' il I' V 1/ I' II

V I' I' I' I/rl

I' I' I ~ /

J I' V II II ,I I' II I' II ~

/ ~ li- I' II / ~-

, 'f 1/

29 30

'" I'V ;/ I' 1/ V 1/ ... " "

I? '" 1/ ~

II I" ~ '" v 1/ ~ ~

k" ~ I' ;I '" ",If 1/ ~ V III II

II 1/ VI' 1/ VI' // Ji'

~ 1/ IV ~ [I

~ II I' I I' V

-V 1/ ~ V V 1

V 19 V ~

31 32


10

AEDC.TDR·63·190

--

t' L

'" rn It: L " I' '" ~ II' i' ~ [~ .",

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", l{ I' ~-.,.

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1'1/ 'I' 'J ~~ [I 1/ I' ~~ V /,V [S~ V' t)# 1.1'

V lIY I' 1 ~ V I' 8,1'

ttll V I' I ~ II II ~ I' ~ 1/ [I' III

/.VV ~ VII 1'2 1411 ~ .j

33 34 35

~~

f

II

1/

rt

[j

II

1/ 103

28

IJ

_It.·

'71/

'.

1/ 1/

/ '(J II

1/

V 1/ I)

1/ 1I i1 /

I II V II I) 1/ ~

1/ 1/ rJ II ~ 1/

V 1/ ,1/1)

29

.,

.

,

1/

IJ II 1/

/ 1/11 / [I 1/ )

V ~ 'I 1/

IJ 1/ II ~ lIiI

1/ 'I 1/ II II

1/ ~ r; /11 I

30

:-=

\

I ,,I . V II It:.

/I L III/ ~ II 'I 1/ II 12

'I 1/ I 'I 'I I 1/ V I ~ V

II ,I iii iI II / II ~

1/ 1/ ILl! I/~ II ti' II 1.1 [) IL II VI/

~ 1/ 1/ 'I ~ V 1/ II rJ V II

.II/ 1/ 1/ 1/ 01/ II

1/ Iii 'I VI V ILrL

31 32


11

~

AE DC. TD R.63.190

,-

... .,

"'- l&'

IA.I~ II

II ISo ~ II '/,1 ~ i"~

~ I ) ;. 19

" I 'I 1/ " I 1/ II ~ 1/ II V 1/ ~ 1/

l~ II i/ :i" '4", ltv 1/

1/ 1/ III/ ~V lW / /It 1// Ii 1/ " ls '" 1/

1/ 1I II II iii ~ 1/ ~ ., f1 V ~ II, <V :..4 1/ 1/ V I/~ 1/ 1/ I~~ b J~

II l-:" lLll IL V~ r/ / 1/ II j

33 34 35

AE DC. TDR.63.190

,

-

H/R, <>x ,

,

-

I V 1/

I 1/ 1/ I V II tf

I ~~ "" 1/ Is.

II j V 1/ 'I 1111 II IL 1/ Li" f\.J0'

1/ V I 1/ / 1/ VII V I I ~V / L L IY ,- I J 1/ ',I V I 11/ 1/ V V " VI , II I 1/ V I V '1', r.c' V 1<2' Ii' I'

~ II II ~ ~ I II 1/ V 'l VV I~ 1/ to- J 1/ tI 1/ II 1/ 1/ 1/ 1/ V ,,"II I~II "

,'', J ~ 1'1 ~ foil 1/ " / :; / II V II/ J, V V II II u: 1/

"

l- V Ii I) Ii 1/ 1/ I..l 1I /., ) ~AI ~ 2f;i",i.2' I"" iL i/Y II VI/ 1/ rj I II)

, i~~

fZ"r-. ~ 1/ I '/ 1/ 1/ ~ ~ ~

, r i 1/ II ~o ~ ) I, r~ ~ ~ -ITIIT, T 1111111-- -

28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35


12

106

,

!

'i"'r v I--

vI-- l- I--,

J..- f.'~ ~~I--

I-' J..- I,.; v e:: ~ "" ~ I:::

36 37

-

6!:!i ~ I-- ~

"" ""'~ 10- J,..

100- 1001" ~ ,..", 10- "",Ir= 10-

~ 60 ~ P !joI I,.; j..oli:l I'.i

~ l~ ~ ~

i,o~ I-- I>~

""F.- ~ ~i=i= 1;0 ~

38 39

SiR Fig.10 Air Mollier Diagram

13

AEDC· TDR.63.190

j...I ri- p. ~

"" k ~ ",,~io' ~

1:::"" ~ ~'"' I:-

--~ ~ pI"' k:

r;; __ ~ ~t;iJ.: [Q,[Q. ",FF' I-- I!=

~ Ii:~ D 1--1-'

"" 1lr~1'I ~ 1-::1:= I-'

"" 1:::=-- r.::'" ~ ~Ic' J..- ... 1-

~I:::= ~~ ""t; I-- ~~~ 40 41 42

·I·~- .

I' i-' V Y Y

V V Y -

V ~ V v II Ioo'~ yo 11 ~ bI II II V V

~ I ... V ~ y y v

V II II II '" v ~ ~ II 1/11' V ~ ~ V I.; 11

V ~ ~ '/ ~ V I"

'" II ~ II ~ I'll

'/ ~V' II'rl II 1/

I? 1/ 1/ 1111 1/

36

. -

-

,

-I

-

- -

--

-

V f-:; !C.I--:

t,.- V J...:: V-

l"1/ V V t,.- t,.-

V I,. v r:: f'l.

y ~

V

'" V

po

~ 11

II

37

~ b-V ~

I.; V v V V "'v v

v v -vV' r;.. V V "'~ V

v ~!.o- v 1/1'/

V 1/1." I-~ lilt c.-it'

1t>~1' V II ]I 11 ~ ~bl.-

1/ 1/ 1/ 11'1/ 17 1/ -

38 39

SiR Fig. 11 Air Mollier Diagram

14

AEDC.TDR.63.190

~ --., - E::

f'i~

-

t;>

.~

r :- -. -. - , - -

---

r I

. -- I;;;:

Iii k'

Y.: ):- V: I,. V V-

j,o/ Q t,.- V Tl'~ ~

il>" ,

v V- I{ j,-y

"'" ~ jill!'"

L" II V V ~ f-- V ~

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~ V 11 . t,.-II i-' V t( 0 Ie V 1-::'" ~

17 1--:1.- I ~ , ~ i-1~V .,,- II

1/ I; 1/ Id:~ 1Iv Ji ~V' 11 k:I! J.- br'~I1V V V II' b':~ /I' II

~ '" vI.; IIV' Ji1:p 1/ 11 I;~~ i)\>

1/ 1110-v~ vi/ v/,.Y 1I~ vII' ItH ~F- ~

40 41 42

AEDC.TDR.63.190

,

'L

'" V tL

" . ll) rJ 1/ II rt' 1/

1/ 1/ V 1/ IJ I l" ItI / / / II / II I Gil rJ Ii

!hi V V V / / V V / V V I>' / oj 1/ VOl 1/ V ,/ / , II illY I /, 1/'4 I

1/ '/ I' 1/ /'1 II' 'I II 1/11 II ''I !/ 'I 'I V II ~ ~

V V V 1/ Ifl II VII V 11/ II V 1111 l? 1(1/ 1/ V I / V I; IL,

/ 1/ 'I II Ii ~ I / V 1/ 14 1/ V 1/ V 1 ~V 'I

1/ 1/ V,) / I 1/ V II 'I , ~ I)" Ill"

V I r, '" II! II Ii 1/ 1/ 'I I/, II I ")0

il 1/ j 1/[1 1/ 1/ 1/ '/ 1/11 / VV !e"

36 37 38 39 40 41 42


15

H/R, ~

I

'I

I/. If V IL I~

1.( ~ 1/ V

II 1/ 1/ V

II V II III/ '.I I/: 1/ 1/ II

IL IJJ If II

II V' 1,1 Ii II 1/ II II. 1/ 1/

~ II IJJ 1/1/ II 1/ IIV 1/

1/ IIII tI 1/1/ 1/

102

35 36

.. -

_.

r - -1

- .

,

,

I

1/ Ii J. ~ II :\

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AEDC.TDR.63·190

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Documents

UNCLASSIFIEDDiagram for Nitrogen. 11 AEDC-TN-60-83, May 1960 .. 5. Furukawa, G. T., and McCoskey, R. E. l1The Condensation Line of Air and the Heats of Vaporization of Oxygen arid