Understanding api icp653 reading 18 worksheet 12

Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang

Understanding APIICP653Reading 18 Worksheet-12 My Pre-exam Self Study Notes25th March 2015


Understanding APIICP653Reading 8 Worksheet-05 Part 2a of 2My Pre-exam Self Study Notes26th February 2015


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Fion Zhang at Shanghai22nd March 2016


API 653 Exam Administration -- Publications Effectivity Sheet FOR: November 2015, March 2016 and July 2016 Listed below are the effective editions of the publications required for this exam for the date(s) shown above. API Recommended Practice 571, Damage Mechanisms Affecting Fixed Equipment in the Refining Industry, Second Edition, April 2011


API 653 Exam Administration -- Publications Effectivity Sheet FOR: November 2015, March 2016 and July 2016 Listed below are the effective editions of the publications required for this exam for the date(s) shown above. API Recommended Practice 571, Damage Mechanisms Affecting Fixed Equipment in the Refining Industry, Second Edition, April 2011


ATTENTION: Only the following sections / mechanisms from RP 571 are included on the exam:

Section 3, Definitions Par. 4.2.7 Brittle Fracture 4.2.16 Mechanical Fatigue 4.3.2 Atmospheric Corrosion 4.3.3 Corrosion Under insulation (CUI) 4.3.8 Microbiologically Induced Corrosion (MIC) 4.3.9 Soil Corrosion 4.3.10 Caustic Corrosion 4.5.1 Chloride Stress Corrosion Cracking (Cl-SCC) 4.5.3 Caustic Stress Corrosion Cracking (Caustic Embrittlement) 5.1.1.10 Sour Water Corrosion (Acidic) 5.1.1.11 Sulfuric Acid Corrosion



API Recommended Practice 575, Inspection of Atmospheric and Low-Pressure Storage Tanks, Third Edition, April 2014

API Recommended Practice 577 – Welding Inspection and Metallurgy, Second Edition, December 2013

API Standard 650, Welded Tanks for Oil Storage, Twelfth Edition, March 2013 with Addendum 1 (September 2014), Errata 1 (July 2013), andErrata 2 (December 2014).

API Recommended Practice 651, Cathodic Protection of AbovegroundPetroleum Storage Tanks, Fourth Edition, September 2014.

API Recommended Practice 652, Lining of Aboveground Petroleum Storage Tank Bottoms, Fourth Edition, September 2014

API Standard 653, Tank Inspection, Repair, Alteration, and Reconstruction, Fifth Edition, November 2014.


American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, 2013 Edition

i. ASME Section V, Nondestructive Examination, Articles 1, 2, 6, 7 and 23 (section SE-797 only)

ii. Section IX, Welding and Brazing Qualifications (Welding Only)

See end of this study note for API Official BOK


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The Magical Book of Tank Inspection ICP


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Q1. A welder qualified in 6G position using SMAW process E-7018 (F-4 filler metal) without backing may be qualified to weld for which of these during production?

A) Only F1, F2, F3, & F4 filler metals without backing & F4 filler metal with backing

B) Only F1, F2, F3, & F4 filler metals with backing & F4 filler metal without backing

C) Only F1, F2, F3 filler metals with backing & F4 filler metal without backingD) Only F1, F2, F3, & F4 filler metals with backingAnswer: B (ASME IX, QW-404.15, QW-433)

Q 2. Per ASME IX rules, a PQR coupon at 1.500 inches thick using SMAW process qualifies a WPS for what thickness range?

A) 3/16 to 1.5 inchesB) 3/16 to 3 inchesC) 3/16 to 6 inchesD) 3/16 to 8 inchesAnswer: D (ASME IX Table QW-451.1) Qualified thickness range = 3/16 to 8 inches


PQR Sample


Q3. What are the correct number and type of guided bend tests required when evaluating a PQR (44.5 mm test plate) for compliance to ASME IX? Select the statement below best summarizing the review as per ASME IX requirements

A) The 2 face & 2 root bends are allowed and the maximum allowed defect open to the surface is 3 mm. Therefore Root Bend # 2 with 3.5 mm of porosity must be rejected

B) The 4 side bends option may be used in lieu of 2 face bends + 2 root bends & a maximum allowed defect open to surface = 3 mm, so only Root Bend # 2 is rejectable

C) The 2 face & 2 root bends are allowed & maximum allowed defect open to surface is 3 mm (except for cracks). Therefore Root Bend # 2 & Face Bend # 2 are rejectable

D) The 4 tests must be rejected because 4 side bends are mandatory, and therefore the Root bend # 2 result (although rejectable per ASME IX) is meaningless.

Ans: D (Ref: API 577, Pg 83 & APP. C, ASME IX, QW-160, QW-163, Table QW-451Comment:: only root bend #2 is acceptable. (suggested answer)


QW-160 GUIDED‐BEND TESTSQW-161 SPECIMENSGuided‐bend test specimens shall be prepared by cutting the test plate or pipe to form specimens of approximately rectangular cross section. The cut surfaces shall be designated the sides of the specimen. The other two surfaces shall be called the face and root surfaces, the face surface having the greater width of weld. The specimen thickness and bend radius are shown inFigures QW-466.1, QW-466.2, and QW-466.3. Guided‐bend specimens are of five types, depending on whether the axis of the weld is ransverse or parallel to the longitudinal axis of the specimen, and which surface (side, face, or root) is on the convex (outer) side of bent specimen.The five types are defined as follows.

QW-161.1 Transverse Side Bend. The weld is transverse to the longitudinal axis of the specimen, which is bent so that one of the side surfaces becomes the convex surface of the bent specimen. Transverse side‐bend test specimens shall conform to the dimensions shown in Figure QW-462.2.

Specimens of base metal thickness equal to or greater than 11/2 in. (38 mm) may be cut into approximately equal strips between 3/4 in. (19 mm) and 11/2 in. (38 mm) wide for testing, or thespecimens may be bent at full width (see requirements on jig width in QW‐466). When the width of the weld is so large that a bend specimen cannot be bent so that the entire weld and heat affected zones are within the bent portion, multiple specimens across the entire weld and heat affected zones shall be used. If multiple specimens are used in either situation above, one complete set shall be made for each required test. Each specimen shall be tested and meet the requirements in QW-163.


Q4. What is the correct number & results for tensile testing performed on a test plate that was verified to be A283 Gr. C having a thickness of 44.5 mm. Select the statement below best summarizing the review as per ASME IX requirements.

A) 4 tensile tests are needed & results on specimens 3 & 4 do not meet ASME IX reqmts

B) 2 tensile tests are needed & results on specimen 3 do not meet ASME IX requirements

C) 4 tensile tests are needed & results on specimen 3 do not meet ASME IX requirements

D) 2 tensile tests are needed & results on specimens 3 and 4 do not meet ASME IX reqmts

Ans: C (Ref: API 577, APP. C, ASME IX, QW-151.1.b/d, QW-153, & Table QW-451)Note: Tensile specimen # 3 is 250 psi under the 95% rule for BM failures per QW-153.d, i.e., Base metal failures may fail at 95% of the required tensile strength.Comments: Answer could be B?


QW-150 TENSION TESTSQW-151 SPECIMENSTension test specimens shall conform to one of the types illustrated in Figures QW-

462.1(a) through QW-462.1(e) and shall meet the requirements of QW- 53. QW-151.1 Reduced Section—Plate. Reduced‐section specimens conforming to the requirements given in Figure QW-462.1(a) may be used for tension tests on allthicknesses of plate.

(a) For thicknesses up to and including 1 in. (25 mm), a full thickness specimen shall be used for each required tension test.

(b) For plate thickness greater than 1 in. (25 mm), full thickness specimens or multiple specimens may be used, provided (c) and (d) are complied with.

(c) When multiple specimens are used, in lieu of full thickness specimens, each set shall represent a single tension test of the full plate thickness. Collectively, all of the specimens required to represent the full thickness of the weld at one location shall comprise a set.

(d) When multiple specimens are necessary, the entire thickness shall be mechanically cut into a minimum number of approximately equal strips of a size that can be tested in the available equipment. Each specimen of the set shall be tested and meet the requirements of QW-153.


Q5. What is the essential wire required (assume film side IQI was used) for radiography on a shell insert plate 1.500 inches thick in the “as welded”condition?A) Essential Wire # 8 is requiredB) Essential Wire # 9 is requiredC) Essential Wire # 10 is requiredD) Essential Wire # 11 is requiredAnswer = C


Q6. A single wall exposure technique was used to make a radiograph using a Cobalt-60 source. The minimum permitted density in the area of interest per ASME V code is:A) 1.3B) 1.8C) 2.0D) None of these are correctAnswer: C (Reference: ASME V, Article 2, T-282.1) … Cobalt-60 = “gamma”radiation

Q7. When performing MT examination of welds using prod method, what is the minimum recommended and maximum required prod spacing specified in the ASME V code?A) 2 to 8 inchesB) 3 to 8 inchesC) 4 to 8 inches, whenever t = ¾ in or lessD) No minimum exists, but the maximum = 8 inches if the technique is acceptable to InspectorANS: B


T-752.3 Prod Spacing. Prod spacing shall not exceed8 in. (200 mm). Shorter spacing may be used to accommodatethe geometric limitations of the area being examinedor to increase the sensitivity, but prod spacings of less than3 in. (75 mm) are usually not practical due to banding ofthe particles around the prods. The prod tips shall be keptclean and dressed. If the open circuit voltage of the magnetizingcurrent source is greater than 25 V, lead, steel, oraluminum (rather than copper) tipped prods are recommendedto avoid copper deposits on the part beingexamined.


Q8. A stainless steel tank shell weld is being examined by LPE. What is the minimum ASME V Code required penetrant dwell time for the examination at a temperature of 48°F (9°C)?

A) 10 minutes for plates, 5 minutes for welds … as a minimum … Dwell time = 10 minutes

B) 5 minutes for plate, 10 minutes for welds … as a minimum … Dwell time = 5 minutes

C) 5 minutes for plate and for welds … as a minimum … Dwell time = 5 minutes

D) None of the above is correctAns: D (ASME V, Art. 6, Table T-672) Note 1 Plate= dwell time (10 mins) is doubled to 20 minsWeld= dwell time ( 5 mins) is doubled to 10 mins



Q9. New shell insert plate is to be installed into an existing tank shell (both = 1.5 inches thick) Insert plate material and existing shell material are both A516 Gr. 65 plate normalized, killed, using fine Grain Practice. What is the minimum design metal temperature (in °F) that does not require impact testing for this material and given thickness?A. -12°FB. 20°FC. 42°FD. 50°FAnswer = B


There are 2 groups of A516 Gr. 65


Keep Alert & make correct choice


10. Using API 650 Figure 5-7b above & given the following information (1-inch thick shell plate with 1-inch thick reinforcement pad), what is the required manway nozzle thickness and the fillet weld size “A” for a 24-inch manway?A) ½ inch thick manway nozzle, and weld “A” = 3/8 inch fillet weldB) 7/16 in thick manway nozzle, and weld “A” = 7/16 inch fillet weldC) ½ inch thick manway nozzle, and weld “A” = 7/16 inch fillet weldD) 7/16 in thick manway nozzle, and weld “A” = 3/8 inch fillet weld

Ans = C (API 650, Fig 5-7b & Table 5-7b t & T row 1 in. Col 2 = ½ in., Col 5 = 7/16 in.My answer = B




Q11. When determining minimum thickness for a corroded portion of a bottom course shell plate where the corrosion extends into a “butt welded” vertical shell weld, what will be the value for “E” for a tank constructed of unknown material?A) .70B) .85C) 1.0D) None of these values

Answer = A (API 653, Para. 4.3.3.1 Legend for “E”) … Use Table 4.2 if original E is unknown. Table 4.2 Unknown Butt welded .70 “A”



If you don’t know! Use unknown


Q12. What is the minimum dimension and minimum required corner radius for a

replacement shell insert plate in a bottom shell course that is 1.750 inches thick?

A) 21 inches is the minimum dimension and there must be at least a 10.5 inch radius

B) 12 inches is the minimum dimension and there must be at least a 6 inch radius

C) 21 inches is the minimum dimension and there must be at least a 2 inch radius

D) 8.75 inches (minimum) and there must be at least a 2 inch radius

Ans = A (653, Par. 9.2.2.1 & Fig 9.1) 12 in. or 12t (use greater = 21 in.) and minimum radius = Dimension R = Greater of 6 inches or 6 t … In this case, it’s a 10.5 inch radius.


9.2.2 Minimum Dimensions of Replacement Shell Plate9.2.2.1 The minimum dimension for a replacement shell plate is 12 in. or 12 times the thickness of the replacement plate, whichever is greater. The replacement plate may be circular, oblong, square with rounded corners, or rectangular with rounded corners except when an entire shell plate is replaced. See Figure 9.1 for typical details of acceptable replacement shell plates.



Q13. An alteration of a bottom shell course = adding a 0.75 inch thick tombstone shell insert replacement plate into an existing 0.75 inch thick shell. Prior to welding the new vertical joints of the tombstone shell insert, the existing bottom to shell fillet weld must be cut a minimum length of 12 inches in both directions, and the cut must extend past or stop short of an existing annular plate butt weld. What is the API 653 required spacing required forthe given shell plate thickness of 1 inch?

A) 3 inches B) 5 inches D) 12 inches D) None of these are correct

Answer = D (653, Figure 9.1 … C … Note 3 … At least 3 inches or 5 t 5t = 3.75 in. = D


Q14. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE regarding minimum and maximum dimensions that are allowed by API 653 on shell repairs using Lap-welded Patch Plates?

A) All corners, except at shell to bottom joint, shall be rounded to a 2 in. minimum radius

B) The maximum horizontal and vertical dimension = 48 inches & 72 inches respectively

C) Minimum dimension = 4 inches & maximum shell thickness to be repaired = ½ inch

D) Repair plate material minimum thickness allowed = 3/16 inch (4.76mm)Answer = B (653, Para. 9.3.1.2 thru 9.3.1.7)9.3 Shell Repairs Using Lap-welded Patch Plates9.3.1.3 Except as permitted in 9.3.3.2 and 9.3.4.3, the repair plate material

shall be the smaller of 1/2 in. or the thickness of the shell plate adjacent to the repairs, but not less than 3/16 in.


Q15. A roof-to-shell joint is considered frangible IF:A) It is attached to top angle of tank with a continuous fillet weld all around on

the topB) It is attached to the top angle of the tank with an intermittent fillet weld all

on the topC) It will fail prior to shell-to-bottom joint in the event of excessive internal

pressurizationD) The joint slope does not exceed 2:12 & support members are not directly

attached to roofAnswer: C … Reference (API 653, Para. 4.2.2.2 & API 650, Section 5.10.2.6)

Q16. Tank material may likely satisfy the recognized toughness if it was constructed:

A) To 5th Edition of API 650 (App A) B) To 5th Edition of API 650 (App C)C) To 5th Edition of API 650 (App G)D) To 5th Edition of API 650 (App H)Answer: C … Reference (API 653, Para. 3.21 & Para. 5.3.2)


Q17. What are the required spacings between an existing nozzle (NPS 12 with reinforcement) located to the left side of a proposed hot tap nozzle (NPS 12 with reinforcement also) and a vertical shell weld (located to the right side of the proposed hot tap location? Information: UT scan of proposed hot tap location in first shell course revealed no laminations. A vertical weld to the right of proposed hot tap location = 100% radiographed and no horizontal welds are in the immediate area. Tank diameter is 90 feet and the shell plate on the first course inthe proposed area of the hot tap measures 0.750 inches. Formula = square root of RT is used.

A) Spacing = 10 in. between both nozzle repad (and hot tap nozzle repad) and the vertical weld

B) Spacing = 20 in. between nozzle repad (and hot tap nozzle repad) and 12 in. (?) to vertical weld

C) Spacing = 28 in. between both nozzle repad (and hot tap nozzle repad) and the vertical weld

D) Spacing = 10 inches between nozzle repad (and hot tap nozzle repad) & 6 in. to vertical weld

Answer: B (Reference: API 653, Section 9.14.3.1 & Figure 9.10√(RT) = √(540x0.750) = 20.12”Correct answer: 20” & 10”?


API650: Figure 5.6—Minimum Weld Requirements for Openings in Shells According to 5.7.3


Q18. Regarding evaluation of floating roof components for corrosion & suitability for continued service, which of the statements below is NOT TRUE regarding the criteria for repair and replacement of thinning and damaged sections?

A) Any roof plates corroded to an average thickness of less than 0.09 inches in any 100 in.² area or any plates with holes through roof plate (result of through-pitting) shall be repaired/replaced

B) Roof plate & pontoon areas exhibiting cracks or punctures (holes resulting often from mechanical damage) shall be repaired OR the affected sections shall be replaced

C) If through-pitting is likely before the end of the next inspection interval, it is required to repair or replace any affected areas

D) Roof plates having holes (as a result of through-pitting) shall be replaced

Answer: D (Ref: API 653, Sect 4.2 & Par. 4.2.1.2 & 4.2.3.1/2) Repaired or replaced


Q19. On a reconstructed tank, the horizontal and vertical joints in a tank bottom shell course and second shell course (where shell material = 1.25 in. thick at both courses). Minimum preheat requirement per API 653 in this case is:

Additional information: Shell material is believed to be Group # 1 (ASTM A283 Gr. C), but this cannot be confirmed. Physical measurements in the weld joint verified a 0.750 inch joint “t”.

A) 32°F B) 50°FC) 140°F D) 200°FAnswer: C (Reference: API 653, Section 10.4.2.3 & 10.4.4.3) Over 1.5 inches = 200°F


Q20. When determining a controlling thickness in a shell course withcorroded areas of considerable size, Inspector shall determine all of the following EXCEPT:

A) Minimum thickness, t2, at any point in corroded area, excluding widely scattered pits

B) Authorized inspector shall select the vertical planes most likely affected by corrosion

C) Authorized inspector shall calculate critical length L = 3.7√(Dt2) (not more than 20 in)

D) Authorized inspector shall determine lowest average thickness found, t1value from an average of at least 5 evenly spaced readings over the critical Length L

Ans: C … Ref (API 653, Para. 4.3.2.1.a/b/c) … Not less than 40 inches


Q21. For a tank out of service where an internal tank bottom settlement survey is being performed, how many internal settlement survey points on the tank floor must be checked given the additional information below and how many diametrical lines will result from the survey?Additional info: Tank diameter = 200 feet & circumference = (π D) or 628 feet

A) 101 survey points based upon 10 evenly spaced diametrical linesB) 180 survey points based upon 20 evenly spaced diametrical linesC) 221 survey points based upon 20 evenly spaced diametrical linesD) None of these are correct

Answer: D (Ref: API 653, Figure B.2 & Note Section 12.5.1.2 rule)



Q22.


Q22. At an area near the very center of the 200 foot diameter tank during one of many survey points (see the previous question), you found a deepdepression in the tank floor (having single pass welds) measuring 5.00 inches deep having a 15 foot radius. Evaluate depression values given additional information below and select the best possible answer:

Additional info: Management position is that any depression found in great excess of API 653 graph values will be repaired, and NO stress analysis alternatives be allowed. This Management position is because the tank is located near a river with a high water table and a previous disasteroccurred when a similar service tank floor failed (cracked). The radius of inscribed circle in the depression measured exactly 15 feet. The length & width of the depression was 40 feet by 30 feet or elliptical in shape. The tank is 25 years old and every five years an internal inspection is done.


A. I would reject the depression because the formula and the graphic both confirm that anything greater than 3.7 inches in 10 feet (BB = 0.37R formula) is above the allowance, and I would also recommend removal of the bottom for soil or geotechnical investigation

B. I would accept the depression based on BB = 0.37R formula which allows 5.55 inches, but I would recommend repairs at the earliest opportunity and request a shortened inspection interval

C. I would reject the depression based on Figure B.10 graph and call forrepairs.

D. I would recommend a rigorous stress analysis assessment as per API 653

Ans: B (API 653, Annex B, Figure B.10 & Para. B3.3 & Formula BB = 0.37R)



Q23. At an area near the outer edge of a 160 foot diameter tank, a deep depression in the floor that was obviously edge settlement with R measuring exactly 5 feet from Breakover point and Value Bew = 4.00 inches deep (65% of the allowed 6.125 inches per the graph). Bottom lap welds were noted as approximately parallel to shell per Fig. B.11. Evaluate the depression given the additional information below & select the best possible answer:

Added info: Management position = any depression exceeding API 653 values will be repaired. NO stress analysis alternatives are allowed. Tank = 35 yrs old & Internal insp intervals = 10 yrs.


A) I would accept the edge settlement based on Graphical representation ofFigure B.11, but I would still recommend a rigorous stress analysis assessment as per API 653 rules

B) I would document the edge settlement & note maximum allowance =6.125 inches, and that the tank is 25 years old and that the 4.00 inch value found is within settlement allowances

C) I would recommend a shorter internal inspection interval on the next run in the anticipation of supplemental inspection (MT of welds with the settled area) as the settlement nears 75% of Bew

D) I would document the settlement and witness MT of welds within the settled area because the settlement exceeds 2 inches. If results were satisfactory, I’d recommend another 10 year interval, but I would also recommend that repairs due to settlement be expected after the next 10 year run.

Ans: D (API 653, Annex B, Figure B.11 & Para. B3.4.1)Welds in tanks with settlement greater than or equal 75 % of Bew, and larger

than 2 in., are to be examined with magnetic particle or liquid penetrant methods.

My answer: B?


B.3.4 Edge SettlementB.3.4.1 Maximum allowable settlement Bew is shown in Figure B.11 for settled areas that include bottom lap welds essentially parallel to the shell(±20°). In settled areas where the measured settlement B exceeds 75 % ofallowed settlement Bew , all shell-to-bottom welds and bottom welds shouldbe examined visually and with magnetic particle or liquid penetrant methods.All indications should be repaired, or evaluated for risk of brittle fracture,and/or fatigue failure prior to returning the tank to service.

B.3.4.2 For settled areas where measured settlement B exceeds 75 % of Bew , any welds within 12 in. of either side of the breakover area (see Figure B.6) should be examined visually. Any suspect areas should be examined with either magnetic particle examination or liquid penetrant examination. All indications should be repaired or evaluated for risk of fatigue prior to returning the tank to service.


Q24. A Tank commissioned in January 2001 (No baseline UT taken) was inspected in January 2006 when # 1 Shell Course thickness was found to be 0.440 inches. UT inspection performed 5 years later in January 2011 found a thickness of 0.400 in. at the # 1 Shell Course. What is the corrosion rate and remaining life expected for this # 1 Shell Course if the calculated tmin = 0.260 inches?

A) Corrosion rate is 8 mpy and the tank remaining life is 17.5 yearsB) Corrosion rate is 8 mpy and the tank remaining life is 22.5 yearsC) Corrosion rate is 4 mpy and the tank remaining life is 35 yearsD) Corrosion rate is 4 mpy and the tank remaining life is 45 years

Answer = ACorrosion rate = (0.440-0.400)/5 = 0.008Remaining life = (0.400-0.260)/0.008 =17.5 years


Q 25. Using API 653 rules to determine Inspection intervals, when is the next required UT thickness inspection date after the last inspection in January 2011 determined that a .400 inch thickness remained in the bottom shell course and 0.260 inches = t min, and given all of the other information in question # 24 above.

A) January 2011 + 5 years (the required maximum interval) = January 2016B) January 2011 + 8.75 yrs (the maximum required interval) = October 2019C) January 2011 + 15 years (the required maximum interval) = January 2026D) None of these is correct per API 653 rules

Answer = B …Corrosion rate=0.008”/yrInterval = RCA/2N = 0.400-0,260/(2x0.008) = 8.75years


Q 26. Determine the minimum acceptable thickness of a shell plate (bottom course) in a 200 foot diameter 50 foot high Oil Storage tank (maximum liquid level = 48 ft) having a Designed Specific Gravity of 1.00 constructed per API 650, 1st Edition, 1961, Basic Standard, using A283 Gr. C shell material of 1.500 inch thickness?

A) 1.034 inches B) 1.218 inches C) 1.244 inches D) 1.250 inches

Answer = B …tmin = 2.6(H-1)DG/SE = 2.6(47)200/(23600) = 1.036




Answer = B …tmin = 2.6(H-1)DG/SE = 2.6(47)200/(23600) = 1.036




Answer = B …tmin = 2.6(H-1)DG/SE = 2.6(47)200/(23600 x 0.85) = 1.218(No rushing-read the question carefully!)



Q27. Determine minimum acceptable thickness of a generally corroded 3rd course shell plate (Tank has 5 shell courses and each course measures 10 ft) with a tank diameter of 150 foot, in Oil Service (Maximum Liquid Level = 48 ft) with Specific Gravity of 1.00 constructed per API 650, 7th Edition using Spot RT, with shell material construction of A516 Gr. 70)?A) 0.076 inchesB) 0.100 inchesC) 0.319 inchesD) 0.375 inches

Answer = D …tmin = 2.6(28)150/(33000x 0.85) = 0.389” (be careful! No rushing!)tmin = 2.6(28-1)150/(33000x 0.85) = 0.375” (correct!)(No rushing-read the question carefully!)



Q28. What is hydrostatic test height of a tank built to API 650, 7th Edition, Basic STD, 90 foot diameter, 50 feet total height, with a 48 feet maximum design fill height, specific gravity = 1.0, five shell courses each at 10 feet high, material A-516 Gr. 70 & t min required on the first shell course (to be used in calcs) is 0.366 in.?

Additional information relevant to the pressure test: There is no overflow on the tank & the maximum height to the top rim = 50 feet, 0 inches from the tank bottom

A) 44.9 feetB) 47.9 feetC) 48 feetD) 50 feet

Answer: H = StEtmin /(2.6xD) +1 = 52.615’ used 50, ANS:DSt = 33000psi, E= 1


Closed Books


Q31. The maximum dimension along the shell for a welded on patch plate in critical zone is:A) 12 inchesB) 24 inchesC) 48 inchesD) 72 inchesAns: B (Ref API 653, Para. 9.10.1.1 & Figure 9.9 & CRITICAL NOTE 3)

Q32. The maximum thickness for a welded on patch plate in the critical zone is:A) two inchesB) one inchC) ½ of an inchD) ¼ inchAns: D (Ref API 653, Para. 9.10.1.2.a & Figure 9.9 Sect. A-A view) ¼-in maximum


NOTE 1 Dimensions given are from toe of fillet welds or to centerline of butt-weld and also apply to new-to-existing welds.NOTE 2 Minimum distance between two welded-on patch plates in the critical zone shall be one half of the lesser of L1 or L2.NOTE 3 The maximum dimension along the shell for welded-on patch plates in the critical zone is 24 in.NOTE 4 When the edge of a welded-on patch plate is approximately parallel to a bottom seam, the edge shall be held at least 2 in. from weld seam.NOTE 5 Patches over three-plate laps shall extend a minimum of 12 in. in all directions along all laps beyond the three-plate lap.NOTE 6 These rules apply to butt-welded bottoms, where applicable.NOTE 7 Applies to shells of unknown toughness.

Figure 9.13—Typical Welded-on Patch Plates on Tank Bottom Plates


9.10 Repair of Tank Bottoms9.10.1 Repairing a Portion of Tank Bottoms9.10.1.1 General Repair RequirementsThe use of welded-on patch plates for repairing a portion of uniformly

supported tank bottoms is permitted within the limitations given in this section and 9.10.1.2. See Figure 9.13 for acceptable details for welded-on patch plates.

a. The minimum dimension for a welded-on patch plate that overlaps a bottom seam or existing patch is 12 in. The welded-on patch plate may be circular, oblong, or polygonal with rounded corners.

b. A welded-on patch plate smaller than 12 in. in diameter is permitted if: it is equal to or exceeds 6 in. in diameter; it does not overlap a bottom seam; it is not placed fully or partially over an existing patch; and it extends beyond the corroded bottom area, if any, by at least 2 in.

c. Welded-on patch plates shall not be placed over areas of the tank bottom that have global dishing, local dishing [except as allowed by 9.10.1.1 d)], settlement, or distortion greater than the limits of Annex B.

NOTE If the tank is still undergoing settlement, the addition of welded-on patch plate may not be advisable.


d. A welded-on patch plate may be placed over a mechanical dent or local dishing if: its unsupported dimension does not exceed 12 in. in any direction; it is at least 1/4 in. thick; it is at least as thick as the existing bottom; and does not overlap seams nor other patches, except for tanks designed in accordance with API 650, Annex M, which shall have welded-on patch plates at least 3/8 in. thick.

e. These repairs are permanent repairs subject to an on-going inspection and maintenance program.

f. Installation of a new sump shall conform to API Standard 650 Section 5, paragraph 5.8.7 (Water Drawoff Sumps), Tables 5-16a and 5-16b and Figure 5-21.


Things to remember on bottom plate patch welding repairs: The minimum patch plate ≥12” Patch plate ≤ 12”, ≥6” could be used:

If does not overlaps any bottom weld and the patch plate perimeter extend beyond the corroded area by 2”

At least ¼” for place over mechanical dent, dishing.


9.10.1.2 Repairs within the Critical ZoneThe use of welded-on patch plates is permitted for repairing a portion of tank

bottoms within the critical zone (see 3.10 for definition) provided 9.10.1.1 requirements and the following additional requirements are met.

a) Maximum plate thickness for welded-on patch plates within the critical zone is 1/4-in. and must meet the toughness requirements of API 650, Section 4.2.10.

b) When a welded-on patch plate is within 6 in. of the shell, the welded-on patch plate shall be tombstone shaped. The sides of the tombstone shaped welded-on patch plate shall intersect the shell-to-bottom joint at approximately 90°.

c) Perimeter welds on welded-on patch plates within the critical zone shall be two-pass, minimum, and examined per 12.1.1.3 and 12.1.7.2.

d) Installation of a welded-on patch plate by butt-welding to an adjacent existing patch is not permitted in the critical zone.

e) Welded-on patch plates over existing patches are not allowed in the critical zone.


f) The bottom plate under the perimeter of a welded-on patch plate shall meet the thickness requirements in 4.4. (0.05” or 0.1”)

g) For tanks with shell plate of unknown toughness as defined in Section 3, new fillet welds utilized to install a tombstone patch plate in the critical zone shall be spaced at least the greater of 3 in. or 5t from existing vertical weld joints in the bottom shell course, where t is the thickness of the bottom shell course, in inches. See Figure 9.13 for further guidance on weld spacing.

NOTE The bottom plate thickness at the attachment weld must be at least 0.1-in. thick before welding the welded-on patch plate to the bottom plate. Refer to API 2207 for further information.

API RP 2207 (R2012) Preparing Tank Bottoms for Hot Work, Sixth Edition


Things to remember on critical zone patch welding repairs: The maximum patch plate ≤ 24” The maximum patch plate thickness ≤ ¼”


Q 33. Before welding a welded on patch plate, the bottom plate thickness at the attachment weld must be at least how thick?A) .090 inchesB) .050 inchesC) .100 inchesD) As per 653 tablesAnswer: C (Ref API 653, Para. 9.10.1.2.f (Note)

Q 34. A Galvanic Cathodic Protection system is a system that:A) Uses a metal less active than the structure to stop corrosionB) Uses a metal more active than the structure to stop corrosionC) Uses a chemical to stop corrosionD) Uses a coating to stop corrosionAnswer: B (Reference API 651, Para. 6.2.1) 3.26 … Definitions for Galvanic CP )


Q35. All new materials for repair, alterations or reconstruction shall conform to:A) As-built standardB) Current applicable standardC) Original construction standard (as a minimum requirement)D) None of these is correctAnswer: B … Reference (API 653, Par. 7.2)


Q 36. Which of the following statements is NOT correct regarding the minimum content on an Inspection report per the requirements of API 653?

A) Date of insp, type of insp (external or internal) & scope of insp, including any areas that were not inspected, with reasons given (e.g. limited scope or physical access)

B) Description of tank (number, size, capacity, etc), List of components inspected and conditions found (checklist such as found in Annex C may be used) & deficiencies found

C) Insp methods and tests used (visual, MFL, UT, etc.) and results of each inspection method or test, Corrosion rates (bottom, shell), Settlement survey results if performed

D) Name, company, & signature of the Inspector responsible for the inspection

Answer: D … Reference (API 653, Par. 6.9.2.j) Records must show the Authorized API 653 Inspector’s number along with other details See item J)Comments: AI name has to be shown


Q37. According to ASME Sec. IX, welding filler metals are grouped into groupings (based on their usability) as:

A) P-Numbers B) F-numbersC) Z-numbers D) AWS specifiedAnswer: B (Reference: ASME IX, QW-422)

Q38. Which of the following tank roof types are used to reduce filling and breathing loss by eliminating vapor space?

A) Cone roof B) Umbrella-roofC) Vapor-dome roof D) Floating roofAnswer: D (Reference API 575, Para. 4.2.3 Third Paragraph)


Q 39. An AC yoke should have a lifting power of at least:A) 5 pounds B) 10 poundsC) 20 pounds D) 40 poundsAnswer: B (Reference: ASME V, Article 7, T-762.b)

Q 40. Tank Bottom Release Prevention Systems per API 653 include all of the following EXCEPT:

A) Internal inspection of the tank bottomB) Leak detection systems and leak testing of the tankC) Installing an area impressed current CP system for the entire tank farmD) Lining tank interior bottom or providing a RPB under the tank bottomAns: C … Reference (API 653, Par. 4.4.3) CP must be for underside of the tank)


4.4.3 Tank Bottom Release Prevention Systems (RPSs)API supports the use of a release prevention system (RPS) to maintain the integrity of tank bottoms. The term RPS refers to the suite of API standards and recommended practices that are designed to maintain tank integrity and thus protect the environment. With respect to tank bottoms, these include: internal inspection of the tank bottom; leak detection systems and leak testing of the tank; installing cathodic protection for the underside of the tank bottom; lining the bottom of the tank interior; providing a release prevention barrier (RPB) under the tank bottom; or some combination of these measures, depending on the operating

environment and service of the tank.

Other possible steps? Installing CP for tank internal (bottom), which may in effect similar to tank

lining?


Discussion:Look similar RPS vs. RPB & Question 40.Discuss the differences


Q41. CP surveys are recommended to ensure the effectiveness of impressed current cathodic protection systems. How often should this survey be done?A) Every 10 yearsB) When tank is emptyC) AnnuallyD) Semi-annuallyAnswer: C (Reference API 653, Para. 11.3.2.3)

Q42. Calcining can occur when concrete has been exposed to:A) Chemical attackB) Sulfate-type alkalisC) ChloridesD) Prolonged High temperatureAnswer: D (Reference API 653, Para. 4.5.1.2)


Q 43. Upon completion of welding of the new tank bottom, the welds may be inspected by which of the following methods?

A) RadiographyB) Vacuum-box testC) Tracer Gas test onlyD) Either a vacuum box test or a tracer gas testAnswer: D (Reference API 650, Para. 7.3.3 … See Para. 8.6 & 8.11 for these tests)

Q 44. Which of these are API 653 examples of types of Release Prevention Barrier?A) Undertank leak detection system designed to identify if a significant leak

occursB) Steel bottoms, synthetic materials, clay liners, concrete pads, and all other

barriers or combinations of barriers placed in a bottom of or under a tankC) Coating systems applied to floors with CP systems usedD) None of these are correctAnswer: B … Reference (API 653, Par. 4.4.3.5)


Vacuum Box @ 3psig


Vacuum Box @ 3psig7.3.7 Testing of the Roof 7.3.7.1 Upon completion, the roof of a tank designed to be gas-tight (except for roofs designed under 7.3.7.2, F.4.4, and E.7.5) shall be tested by one of the following methods. a) Applying internal air pressure not exceeding the weight of the roof plates and applying to the weld joints a bubble solution or other material suitable for the detection of leaks. b) Vacuum testing the weld joints in accordance with 8.6 to detect any leaks. 7.3.7.2 Upon completion, the roof of a tank not designed to be gas-tight, such as a tank with peripheral circulation vents or a tank with free or open vents, shall receive only visual examination of its weld joints, unless otherwise specified by the Purchaser.


Q 45. Bottom Plate Thickness Measurements most commonly utilize which of the following reliable methods for determining tank bottom plate soil side corrosion:

A) Magnetic flux leakage (MFL) tools & ultrasonic (UT) thickness measurement tools

B) Magnetic flux leakage (MFL) tools & sample plate removal (coupons) taken from floor

C) Magnetic flux leakage (MFL) tools only per Annex G requirements of API 653

D) None of these is correct because tank bottom plate testing is never reliable

Answer: A … Reference (API 653, Par. 4.4.4)


MFL


MFL


Q46. Unless a stress analysis is performed, the minimum tank bottom plate* thickness in the critical zone of the tank must NEVER be less than:

A) The tmin value, as isolated pitting will not appreciably affect the strength of the plate

B) 653 value in Bottom Plate Minimum Thickness table (depends on foundation design)

C) 0.050 inches (*does not apply to annular plates)D) 0.100 inches (*does not apply to annular plates)Answer: D … Reference (API 653, Par. 4.4.5.4)


Discussion:Which is more “Critical”a. The critical zoneb. The annular plate


Q 47. What is the required minimum thickness & minimum projection distance of a bottom plate beyond the shell as measured from toe of outside bottom-to-shell fillet weld? (Assume you are evaluating “corroded condition” of the chime area)

A) Thickness shall not be less than .050 in. & projection of bottom plate = at least 3/8 in.

B) Thickness shall not be less than .100 in. & bottom plate projection = at least 3/8 in.

C) Thickness shall not be less than .050 in. & projection of bottom plate = at least ½ in.

D) Thickness shall not be less than .100 in. & projection of bottom plate = at least ½ in.

Answer: B … Reference (API 653, Par. 4.4.5.7)


Q48. Reported incidents of tank failure due to brittle fracture failure occurred during all of the following times EXCEPT:A) Failure occurred shortly after erection during hydrostatic testingB) Failure occurred upon the first filling of the tank in cold weatherC) Failure occurred after a change to higher temperature serviceD) Failure occurred after a tank repair/alteration was doneAns: C … Ref (API 653, Par. 5.2.2) After a change to a lower temp service)

Q49. The purpose of Periodic in-service inspection of tanks is to:A) Assure continued tank integrityB) Assure proper operation of the tankC) Meet jurisdictional requirementsD) None of these is correct per API 653Answer: A … Reference (API 653, Par. 6.1)


Q50. Routine In-service Inspections are best described by which of the following?

A) External tank condition monitored by regular (daily) close visual inspections from the ground & must be performed by Authorized Inspector or approved designate

B) External tank condition monitored by regular (weekly) close visual inspections from the ground & may be performed by an Authorized Inspector or his approved designate

C) External tank condition monitored by regular (monthly) close visual inspections from the ground & may be performed by Authorized Inspector or owner/operator personnel

D) External tank condition monitored by regular (yearly) close visual inspections from the ground & may be performed by Authorized Inspector or owner/operator personnel

Answer: C … Reference (API 653, Par. 6.3.1.1/2)


Q51. Items that should be documented in a Routine insp include all these EXCEPT:A) Signs of settlement and any evidence of shell distortionsB) Condition of foundation, appurtenances, and coating and insulation systemsC) Condition of the RPB liners and any Undertank Leak Detection systemsD) Evidence of any leaks and corrosionAnswer: C … Reference (API 653, Par. 6.3.1.3)

Q52. All tanks shall be given a visual external inspection by an authorized inspector not toexceed:A) The lesser of 5 years or RCA ÷ 4N yearsB) The greater of 5 years or RCA ÷ 4N yearsC) The lesser of 5 years or RCA ÷ 2N yearsD) The greater of 5 years or RCA ÷ 2N yearsAnswer: A … Reference (API 653, Par. 6.3.2.1)


Q53. The tank for which corrosion rates are NOT known is called the:A) Candidate TankB) Control TankC) Service TankD) Critical TankAnswer: A … Reference (API 653, Para. 3.6)

Q54. Where does the new nameplate need to be attached to a reconstructed tank?A) Above the manway at the access point (located so as to be seen clearly)B) Adjacent to the existing nameplate (if one exists) on the tank shellC) No new nameplate needs to be addedD) None of these are correctAnswer: B (Ref API 653, Para. 13.1.2)


Q55. Per API 653, when Controlled deposition welding methods are employed in lieu of

PWHT, what is required after the finished repair weld has cooled to an ambient

temperature?A) Final post heat (hydrogen bake out treatment) must be performed ASAPB) Final temper bead reinforcement layer shall be removed/made flush with

base metalC) Final insp and NDT specified must then be completed & accepted by the

InspectorD) None of these is correct regarding the Controlled Deposition welding

procedureAnswer: B … Ref (API 653, Para. 11.3.2.e.9)


Q56. When Controlled deposition welding methods are employed in lieu of PWHT using SMAW (7018-H4) welds, how long must post heat (hydrogen bake out) be?

A) 7018-H4 SMAW welds allow post heat (hydrogen bake out treatments) to be omitted

B) 7018-H4 SMAW welds require a 1 – 2 hour bake out at 260°C ± 30°C (500°F ± 50°F)

C) 7018-H4 SMAW welds require a 2 – 4 hour bake out at 260°C ± 30°C (500°F ± 50°F)

D) 7018-H4 SMAW welds require a 3 – 6 hour bake out at 260°C ± 30°C (500°F ± 50°F)

Answer: A … Ref (API 653, Para. 11.3.2.e.8)


Q57. What finished welds do NOT require stamping of ID for welder (or operator)?

A) Only floor plate welds and roof plate welds and flange to nozzle-neck welds

B) Only roof plate welds and flange to nozzle-neck welds do not require ID stamps

C) Only flange to nozzle-neck welds do not require welder (operator) ID stamps

D) None of these! Finished welds must always be stamped by a welder(operator)

Answer: B … Reference (API 653, Para. 11.2.2)


Q58. Per API 653, if a material specification (steel from an existing tank) is unknown or obsolete (no longer made), what is required to verify weldability before making a PQR test coupon?

A) Nothing can be done in this case, and the material cannot be used for tankB) PQR Test coupons shall be made from lowest strength material in API 650

Group IC) PQR Test coupons shall be taken from a similar strength & similar API

650 GroupD) PQR Test coupons shall be taken from actual plate to be usedAnswer: D … Reference (API 653, Para. 11.1.1)


Q59. What type of settlement occurs when tank shell settles sharply around the tank periphery, resulting in deformation of the bottom plate?A) Uniform B) EdgeC) Planar tilting D) Tank BottomAns: B (Ref API 653, Annex B, Par. B.2.3.1) 4 major types of settlement!

Q60. On a reconstructed tank, the cut lines along the floor and the shell adjacent to the corner welds must be how far away (at least) from the corner weld toe?A) two inches B) one inchC) ¾ of an inch D) ½ inchAns: D (Ref API 653, Para. 10.3.3.3 & Figure 10.1) ½ inch rule!


Q61. What is the maximum internal insp interval of an Asphalt Storage tank or other tank storing highly viscous substances that solidify at temps below 110°F?A) 10 years B) 12 yearsC) 15 years D) 20 yearsAnswer: A … Ref (API 653, Par. 6.4.2.6) 6.4.2.1 & 6.4.2.2 RBI rules DO NOTAPPLY)(?)


6.4.2.1.2 As an alternative to establishing the initial interval in accordance with Section 6.4.2.1 and Table 6.1, the initial internal inspection date and reassessment can be established using Risk Based Inspection (RBI) assessment per 6.4.2.2.2.

These assessments may establish an initial inspection interval exceeding 10 years but shall not exceed 20 years for tanks without a Release Prevention Barrier, or 30 years for tanks with a Release Prevention Barrier except as follows.

If an RBI assessment has been performed, the maximum initial internal inspection interval does not apply to tanks storing the following.

1) Highly viscous substances which solidify at temperatures below 110 °F, (some examples of these substances are: asphalt, roofing flux, residuum, vacuum bottoms and reduced crude), or;

2) Any substance or mixture that is:a) not identified or regulated either as a hazardous chemical or material under the

applicable laws of the jurisdiction; andb) that the owner/operator has determined will not adversely impact surface or

groundwater beyond the facility or affect human health or the environment.


Q62. When used, UT thickness measurement intervals are (for unknown corrosion rates):A) Maximum interval shall be the lesser of 5 years or RCA ÷ 4N yearsB) Maximum interval shall be the greater of 10 years or RCA ÷ 4N yearsC) Maximum interval shall be the lesser of 15 years or RCA ÷ 2N yearsD) Maximum interval shall be 5 yearsAnswer: D … Reference (API 653, Par. 6.3.3.2.a)


Q63. When used, UT thickness measurement intervals are (for known corrosion rates):A) Maximum interval shall be the lesser of 5 years or RCA ÷ 4N yearsB) Maximum interval shall be the greater of 10 years or RCA ÷ 4N yearsC) Maximum interval shall be the lesser of 15 years or RCA ÷ 2N yearsD) Maximum interval shall be 5 yearsAnswer: C … Reference (API 653, Par. 6.3.3.2.a)

Q64. RBI assessment performed in association with internal inspection intervals shall be reviewed and approved by:A) Owner/Operator & ST EngineerB) Owner/Operator & Authorized InspectorC) ST Engineer & Authorized InspectorD) Owner/Operator & Authorized Insp AgencyAnswer: C … Reference (API 653, Par. 6.4.2.4)


Q65. Which of the following statements is NOT correct regarding Inspection report requirements per API 653?

A) Each external & internal insp performed requires a written report be prepared by the owner/operator of the AST and these reports shall be maintained for the life of the tank

B) Authorized inspector shall prepare a written report after every internal & external insp

C) These insp reports & any inspector recommendations/documentation of disposition (repairs, etc) shall be maintained by the owner/operator for the life of the tank

D) Local jurisdictions may have additional reporting/record keepingrequirements for tank inspections

Answer: A … Reference (API 653, Par. 6.9.1)


Q66. A formal internal inspection must be conducted every (assume the time is from initial internal inspection to the 2nd internal inspection with no RBI or similar service assessment and only the corrosion rate procedures will be used):

A) 5 years B) 10 yearsC) 20 years D) 25 yearsAnswer: C … Reference (API 653, Par. 6.4.2.2 & Table)

Q67. Primary reasons/requirements for doing internal inspections include all of these EXCEPT:

A) Ensure that the bottom is not severely corroded and leakingB) Gather data needed for minimum bottom & shell thickness assessments

(also using those external UT thickness readings obtained during any in-service inspections)

C) Identify and evaluate any tank bottom settlement that may be evidentD) Identify and evaluate any roof or floating roof underside corrosion or holingAns: D … Reference (API 653, Par. 6.4.1.1) … D is the correct answer because it is not the PRIMARY concern … The primary concern = the shell and floor No release of product)


Q68. Before doing a hot tap or adding a reinforcement plate, what NDT is needed?A) MT or PT exam B) UT thickness and lamination scanC) RT and MT or PT D) Visual examination ONLYAnswer: B … Reference (API 653, Par. 12.1.2.1)

Q69. Where exterior tank bottom corrosion is controlled by a cathodic protection system, periodic surveys of the system shall be conducted in accordance with API 651. Who is responsible to review the results of these CP surveys?A) Owner/operator B) Authorized InspectorC) Storage Tank Engineer D) Authorized Insp AgencyAnswer: A … Reference (API 653, Par. 6.3.4.2 & API 651 Section 11.3.2)


Q70. Where exterior tank bottom corrosion is controlled by a cathodic protection system, shall be conducted in accordance with API 651 how often?

A) All sources of impressed current are checked at intervals not exceeding 1 month (unless jurisdiction rules apply) and impressed current protective facilities inspected every 6 months

B) All sources of impressed current are checked at intervals not exceeding 1 month (unless jurisdiction rules apply) and impressed current protective facilities are to be inspected annually

C) All sources of impressed current are checked at intervals not exceeding 2 months (unless jurisdiction rules apply) and impressed current protective facilities are to be inspected annually

D) All sources of impressed current are checked at intervals not exceeding 3 months (unless jurisdiction rules apply) and impressed current protective facilities are to be inspected annually

Answer: C … Reference (API 653, Par. 6.3.4.1 & API 651 Section 11.3.2)


Q71. Tank grounding system components such as shunts or mechanical connections of cables shall be visually checked. Recommended practices dealing with prevention of hydrocarbon ignition (incl. that from lightning, static & stray currents) are covered by what API document?A) API 2000 B) API 2003 C) API 2016 D) API 2217AAnswer: B … Reference (API 653, Par. 6.3.2.3) API Recommended Practice 2003, Protection against Ignitions Arising Out of Static, Lightning, and Stray Currents

Q72. When design and construction details are not given, and are notavailable in the as-built standard, details MUST be used that provide a level of integrity equal to level provided by:A) Current edition of API 653B) Current edition of API 650C) Edition of API 650 chosen by EngineerD) Edition of API 650 chosen by Owner/OperatorAnswer: B … Ref (API 653, Par. 1.1.5) New question for 2012 exams


Q73. When API 653 does not provide specific evaluation procedures oracceptance criteria for a specific type of degradation or when API 653 explicitly allows the use of fitness-forservice criteria, WHAT DOCUMENT MAY BE USED to evaluate the various types of degradation or test requirements addressed in API 653?

A) API 579-1/ASME FFS-1 B) API 580C) API 581 D) None of these are correctAnswer: A … Ref (API 653, Par. 1.1.6) New question for 2012 exams


Q74. If an API 653 provision is in conflict with a jurisdictional regulation or requirement, and the API 653 requirement is more stringent, which of the following statements is correct?

A) Jurisdictional reqmts SHALL govern in all cases and must be used instead of API 653

B) Jurisdictional reqmts SHOULD govern and may (or may not) be usedinstead of API 653

C) API 653 requirements SHALL be followed if they are more stringent than jurisdiction rules

D) API 653 requirements SHOULD be followed if they are more stringent than jurisdiction rules

Answer: C … Reference (API 653, Para. 1.3)


Q75. Where welding and hot work are involved, WHAT API DOCUMENT states “Except in areas specifically designated as safe for hot work, a hot work permit shall be obtained before starting any work that can involve a source of ignition.”A) API 2015 B) API 2201C) API 2217A D) API 2009Answer: D … Reference (API 653, Para. 1.4) New question for 2012 exams

API RP 2009 (R2007) Safe Welding and Cutting Practices in Refineries, Gasoline Plants, and Petrochemicals Plants. standard by AmericanPetroleum Institute


Q76. The document for “Personnel Qualification and Certification in NDT” is:A) ASNT SNT-TC-1AB) ASME V, Article 1C) ASNT CP-189D) None of theseAns: A … Reference (API 653, Para. 2.1) Expect this to come up in OB (most likely) or CB!

Q77. The standard used for repairs or alterations made after original construction is the:A) As-built standardB) As-built standard only for those repairs or alterationsC) Construction STD only for those repairs or alterationsD) None of these are correctAns: B … Ref (API 653, Par. 3.2 … 5th Sent of 5 in definition) New question 2012 exams


Q78. API 653 Annex A provides a list of API welded storage tank standards that goes back to 1936 and the ALL-WELDED OIL STORAGE TANKS (All Tanks before that were riveted). What was the name of the 1936 API standard?A) API 650B) API 12BC) API 620D) API 12CAns: D … Ref (API 653, Para. 3.2, Annex A & Table A.1) ) New question for 2012 examsNote: 12A-Riveted, 12B=Bolted, 12C-Welded

Q79. The area on the tank bottom where the settlement begins is called:A) Bulging PointB) Settlement PointC) Breakover PointD) None of theseAnswer: C … Reference (API 653, Para. 3.5)


Q80. Installing a shell penetration larger than NPS 12 beneath design liquid level is considered:A) AlterationB) RepairC) Major alterationD) None of theseAnswer: C … Reference (API 653, Para. 3.18)


Q81. Complete or partial (if more than ½ of the weld thickness) removal & replacement of more than 12 in. of vertical weld joining shell plates or radialweld joining annular plate ring is:A) RepairB) AlterationC) Major repairD) None of theseAnswer: C … Reference (API 653, Para. 3.18)

Q82. Removing and replacing or adding a shell plate beneath the design liquid level where the longest dimension of the replacement plate exceeds 12 inches is considered:A) RepairB) AlterationC) Major repairD) None of theseAnswer: C … Reference (API 653, Para. 3.18)


Q83. A condition that exists when the material of a component is deemed acceptable for use by provisions of many requirements for Brittle Fracture assessment using the decision tree:A) Unknown toughnessB) Acceptable toughnessC) Recognized toughnessD) None of theseAnswer: C … Reference (API 653, Para. 3.21)

Q84. Tank material may likely satisfy the recognized toughness definition if metal temperature operates at temperatures not less than:A) 50°FB) 60°FC) 70°FD) None of theseAnswer: B … Reference (API 653, Para. 3.21 & Para. 5.3.6)


Rounded porosity

Worm-hole type porosity


Q85. Which of the following meets the definition of a repair organization?A) Owner/operator of ASTs who repairs or alters his own equipment without

following API 653B) Contractor making repairs/alterations to API 653 with qualifications

acceptable to AST Owner/Op.C) One who makes repairs per API 653 but is outside of and not authorized

by the jurisdictionD) Contractor making repairs/alterations with qualifications acceptable to

AST Owner/Op.Answer: B … Reference (API 653, Para. 3.25)

Q86. Process by which corrosion rates & inspection intervals are established for a candidate tank using corrosion rates and service history from a control tank for the purpose of establishing the next inspection date is called a(n):

A) Corrosion Rate determinationB) Inspection Interval assessmentC) Similar service assessmentD) None of theseAnswer: C … Reference (API 653, Para. 3.26)


Q87. One or more persons or organizations acceptable to owner/operator & knowledgeable & experienced in the engineering disciplines associated with evaluating mechanical & material characteristics that affect the integrity and reliability of aboveground storage tanks is:A) Fitness for Service OrganizationB) Engineering OrganizationC) Storage Tank EngineerD) None of theseAnswer: C … Reference (API 653, Para. 3.28)


Storage Tank Engineer- One or More….


Q88. In order to qualify for a hydrotest exemption after a major repair or a major alteration, ALL OF THESE CONDITIONS FOR SHELL REPAIRS SHALL BE MET EXCEPT (1 statement = false):

A) New vertical and horizontal shell butt-welds shall have complete joint penetration and fusion

B) Root pass (shell t > 1 inch) shall be back gouged & examined full length by MT or PT methods

C) Final weld pass (all shell thicknesses) shall be examined full length by MT or PT methods

D) Finished welds shall be fully (100%) radiographed.Answer: C … Ref (API 653, Section 12.3.2.3.4/5) Final weld pass > 1 inch

shall be MT’d or PT’d


12.3.2.3.5 The root pass and final pass examination shall be in accordance with 12.1.5. In addition, the finished weld shall be fully radiographed.12.1.5 Shell Plate to Shell Plate Welds12.1.5.1 New full penetration welds attaching existing shell plate to existing or new shell plate shall be examined byradiographic methods (see 12.2). In addition, for plate thicknesses greater than 1 in., the back-gouged surface of the root pass and final pass (each side) shall be examined for its complete length by magnetic particle or liquid penetrant methods.12.1.5.2 New welds joining new shell plate material to new shell plate material (partial or full shell course replacement or addition) need only be examined radiographically in accordance with API 650, Section 8.1.


Q89. In order to qualify for a hydrotest exemption after a major repair or a major alteration, ALL OF THESE CONDITIONS FOR SHELLS/NOZZLES SHALL BE MET EXCEPT (1 statement = false):

A) Shell welds for reinforcement-to-nozzle neck joints shall have complete penetration & fusion

B) Shell welds for nozzle neck-to-shell joints shall have complete penetration and fusion

C) Root pass of nozzle attachment weld shall be back-gouged and MT or PT examined

D) Completed nozzle attachment welds shall also be MT or PT examinedAnswer: D … Ref (API 653, Section 12.3.2.3.6) UT SHEAR WAVE is also

required for exemption

12.3.2.3.6 Shell welds for the reinforcing plate-to-nozzle neck and nozzle neck-to-shell joints shall have complete penetration and fusion. The root pass of the nozzle attachment weld shall be back-gouged and examined bymagnetic particle or liquid penetrant methods. The completed weld shall be examined by magnetic particle or liquid penetrant methods and by the ultrasonic method. Examination and acceptance criteria for NDE shall be inaccordance with 12.1.


Q90. In order to qualify for a hydrotest exemption after a major repair or a major alteration, all these conditions for bottom repairs in critical zone shall be met except (1 statement = false):

A) Repairs to annular ring or bottom plate meet API 653 WPS rules, impact test requirements, and new materials = current API 650 edition, & existing materials = API 650 (7th Edition or later)

B) Annular plate butt-welds shall also be examined by radiographic methods after a final pass.

C) Joints shall be examined after root and final pass by MT or PT methodsD) Joints shall be examined visually prior to weldingAnswer: B … Ref (API 653, Sect. 12.3.2.3.4.1.a/b) Ultrasonic Testing (Shear

Wave) is required


Q91. In order to qualify for a hydrotest exemption after a major repair or a major alteration, all these conditions for shell-to-bottom weld repairs shall be met except (1 statement = false):

A) The repaired portion of the weld meets the fillet size requirements of API 650 (Sect. 5.1.5.7)

B) Portion replaced does not represent more than 50 % of required weld cross-sectional area

C) If a weld (one side of shell only) was completely removed & replaced, length was ≤ 24 inches

D) Weld repairs replacing > 50 % of required weld cross-sectional area shall not be closer than 12 inches to each other, including repairs on the opposite side of the shell.

Answer: C … Ref (API 653, Section 12.3.2.5.1.a/b)


Q92. In order to qualify for a hydrotest exemption after a major repair or a major alteration, all these conditions for shell-to-bottom weld repairs shall be met except (1 statement = false):

A) Repair areas shall be examined prior to welding visuallyB) Repairs shall be examined after the root pass and final pass visuallyC) Repairs shall be examined after the root pass and final pass by MT or PT

methods & UTD) Examination & acceptance criteria for NDEs shall be in accordance with

API 650 & API 653Answer: C … Ref (API 653, Section 12.3.2.5.2) UT is not required in this case

Corner welds


Q93. Which of the statements is FALSE regarding settlement measurements during hydrotest?

A) Tank settlement is initially surveyed using an even number of elevation measurement points that are randomly distributed around the circumference.

B) When settlement is expected during hydrotest, tank foundation is checked for settlement

C) Initial settlement surveys prior to 1st hydrotest provide base readings for future evaluations

D) Tank settlement shall initially be surveyed with the tank emptyAnswer: A … Ref (API 653, Section 12.5 entire section) Uniformly

distributed …


Q94. In the absence of an initial settlement survey (to provide base readings for future settlement evaluations) THE TANK SHALL BE ASSUMED TO BE:

A) No assumptions may be made because it is critical to evaluate baseline settlement readings

B) Initially out-of-level and out-of-toleranceC) Initially levelD) None of these are correctAnswer: C … Ref (API 653, Section 12.5 entire section)


Q95. Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding the minimum number of elevation points (settlement measurement) as indicated by the following API 653 equation: N = D ÷ 10

A) N = minimum required number of settlement measurement points, D = tank diameter in feet

B) Minimum number of settlement measurements (tank diameter = 50 feet), 50 ÷ 10 = 5 (five)

C) Maximum spacing between settlement measurement points shall be 32 ftD) All “N” values shall be rounded to the next higher whole numberAnswer: B … Ref (API 653, Section 12.5.1.2) … Never less than 8 points

(minimum)


Q96. Tank settlement measurements shall be evaluated for acceptance in accordance with:

A) API 653 Annex B B) API 653 Annex C (Inspection Checklists)C) API 650 Section 5 (Design rules D) API 650 Section 7.3.6 (Hydrotest

Reqmts)Answer: A … Ref (API 653, Section 12.5.1.3)

Q97. Which of these statements is FALSE regarding settlement surveysduring Hydrotesting (that occur after the initial settlement survey with the tank empty)?

A) Settlement shall be measured during filling (usually 25% intervals)B) Settlement shall be measured when water reaches 100 % of test levelC) Excessive settlement as per Annex B shall be cause to stop the hydrotestD) Excessive settlement as per Annex B shall require the foundation be

repairedAnswer: D … Ref (API 653, Section 12.5.2) See API 650, 7.3.6.5 …

Maximum filling rates


Q98. Which of the following statements are FALSE regarding tanks WITHOUT NAMEPLATES that have required as-built standard information required to complete a replacement nameplate?

A) New nameplates shall contain as-built STD required info & be marked assessment nameplate

B) Any replacement nameplates shall be per API 650 & under direction of Authorized Inspector

C) At owner’s request a nameplate may be attached to a tank meeting API 650 requirements

D) If required info is available & traceable, a new replacement nameplate may be attached

Ans: A … Ref (API 653, Para. 13.1.2.1/2) Without Nameplates = Replacement Nameplate


Q99. Which of the following statements are FALSE regarding tanks WITHOUT NAMEPLATES that DO NOT have required as-built STD info required to complete a replacement nameplate?

A) If as-built STD info required to complete nameplates is not available/traceable to a tank, an assessment nameplate may be attached under certain conditions as per API 653 rules

B) Assessment nameplates may be attached only under direction of the Authorized Inspector

C) Assessment nameplates may be attached only if suitability for service assessment is done

D) Such suitability for service assessments shall cover API 653 Section 4 as a minimum

Ans: D … Ref (API 653, Para. 13.1.2.2) Without Nameplates = Assessment Nameplate


100. What method shall be used to determine the minimum thickness calculation for tanks having diameters greater than 200 feet?

A) Variable design point method B) B) The one foot methodC) The one foot design point method D) Tmin formulas given in API 653

Answer: A … Ref (API 653, Para. 4.3.3.4) 101. The variable design point method shall be used to determine the minimum thickness calculation for tanks having a diameter that is:A) Greater than 200 feet B) Greater than 300 feet

D) Any tank diameter may use the method E) None of these are correctAnswer: A … Ref (API 653, Para. 4.3.3.4)


That I can read and be happy while I am reading, is a great blessing.


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