Understanding API ICP653 Worksheet-02.pdf

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Q&A API 653

Tank Inspection CodeReading V- My self study note, 29th Dec 2015




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Section 1, 2, 3 – IntroductionQ1. API-653 covers which of the following types of tanks?

a) Carbon and low alloy steel tanks built to ASME Section VIII, Div.1

b) Carbon and low alloy steel tanks built to ASME Section X

c) Carbon and low alloy steel tanks bui lt to API - 650 and 12C

d) Carbon and low alloy steel tanks built to API510

Reference: API-653 Paragraph 1.1.1

Q2. API-653 provides the requirements for construction of which of the

following?

a) Process pressure vesselsb) Aboveground petroleum storage tanks

c) LNG Storage spheres

d) This standard does not provide construction requirements




Q3. API-653 provides for all but which of the following with regard to

aboveground storage tanks?

a) Repair b) Operation

c) Relocation

d) Alteration


Q4. The scope of API-653 is limited to all of the following except?

a) Tank foundation

b) Tank Bottomc) Tank roof

d) Tank mixing motor




Q5. The API-653 standards states that many of the requirements for design,

welding, and materials of API-650 and API-12C can be applied with regard to

_____.a) Repair, inspection, rating, and alteration.

b) Repair, personnel assignment, maintenance, and inspection.

c) Inspection, product in storage, rating, and alteration.

d) Alteration, refinery equipment, electrical controls, and repair.Reference: API-653 Paragraph 1.1.2

Q6. In the application of the requirements for welding, design, and materials

of API-650 or API-12C to in-service aboveground storage tanks (AST), whichof the following code or standard takes precedence?

a) ASME Section VIII, Pressure Vessels

b) API-12C

c) API-653d) API-650




Q7. The API-653 Standard may only be applied to aboveground storage

tanks (AST) that have been constructed to and meet the requirements of

API-650.a) True

b) False


Q8. The use of API-653 is intended for organizations that have personnel who

are technically trained and experienced in which of the following?

a) All ASME, AWS, ASNT, and API Codes and Standards

b) Tank design, fabrication, repair, construction, and inspectionc) Refinery operations, safety requirements, personnel management, and

refinery design

d) Mechanical integrity program, OSHA regulations compliance program, and

Process Safety ManagementReference: API-653 Paragraph 1.1.4



Q9. When design and construction details are not given and not available in

the original construction standard, then details that will provide a level of

integrity equal to the current edition of what Code or Standard must be used?a) ASME Section VIII, Division 1, Pressure Vessels

b) ASME Section VIII Division 2, Alternative Rules for Pressure Vessels

c) API- 650, Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage

d) API-12C Steel Storage Tanks for Oil StorageReference: API-653 Paragraph 1.1.5

Q10. Ultimate responsibility for compliance with this standard rests with ____?

a) The Owner/Operator b) The Owner/Operator’s Inspector

c) The repair organization of the Owner/Operator

d) The manufacturer of the AST

Reference: API-653 Paragraph 1.2




Q11. According to API-653, if any provision presents a direct or implied

conflict with any statutory regulation, the regulation governs. What governs

if API-653 requirements are more stringent than the statutory regulation?a) The statutory regulation applies in all cases

b) The conflict must be submitted to the American Petroleum Institute for

resolution

c) The owner/operator has the option of applying the requirement best suitedto the situation

d) The API-653 requirements shall govern


Q12. Safe working practices shall comply with what requirements concerning

confined space entry?

a) Procedures must comply with any trade developed safety precautions

b) Procedures must comply with any federal or state regulationsc) Procedures need only comply with owner/operator/s requirements

d) Procedures need only comply with NFPA requirements





Question Number Answer

1 C

2 D3 B

4 D

5 A

6 C7 B

8 B

9 C

10 A11 D

12 B




Section 4 – Suitability for ServiceQ1. When must an evaluation, to determine the suitability for continued use,

be conducted?a) Evaluations shall be conducted when a tank inspection reveals a

change has occurred from the original physical condition of the tank.

b) Evaluations shall be conducted at least annually

c) Evaluations shall be conducted at an interval not to exceed the calculatedtank inspection frequency.

d) Evaluations shall be conducted once each ten years of service





Q2. What factors are required for consideration when performing an

evaluation for continued use of an AST?

a) Only those listed in API-653b) The recommended list of considerations provided in API-510 can be

modified to suit this purpose

c) Engineering analysis and judgement required for each situation

d) Only those items requested by the Certified Aboveground Storage TankInspector





Q3. Roof plates corroded to an average thickness of less that ____ inch in

any ___ square inch area shall be repaired of replaced.

a) 0.9 inch in any 100 square inch areab) 0.09 inch in any 10 square inch area

c) 0.09 inch in any 144 square inch area (1 square foot)

d) 0.09 inch in any 100 square inch area

Reference: API-653 Paragraph 4.2.1.2

Q4. The method of inspecting roof support members shall be acceptable to

whom?

a) The manufacturer of the ASTb) The responsible inspector

c) The Owner/Operator’s design engineering department

d) The operations manager





Q5. During the inspection of fixed roof support members, particular attention

must be given to .

a) Severe external corrosion of the roof plate where support structures areattached

b) Severe internal corrosion of pipe columns

c) Severe internal corrosion of the roof plate where support structures

are attachedd) Deterioration of wind girders at the point of attachment


Q6. Inspection of floating roofs is limited to roof plates and pontoons.a) True

b) False





Q7. Evaluation of existing floating roofs shall be based on the criteria of

a) API-650, Appendix C for external floating roofs and Appendix H for

internal floating roofsb) API-510 Paragraph 6.4.3 for external floating roofs and 6.5.3 for internal

c) ASME Section VIII, Div 1 Appendix C for external floating roofs and

Appendix H for internal

d) ASME Section VIII, Div. 2 Alternative RulesReference: API-653 Paragraph 4.2.3.4

Q8. What API Standard or Recommended Practice must be used for

evaluating the effects of design partial vacuum on tank roofs?a) API Standard 620

b) API Standard 650

c) API Recommended Practice 651

d) API Recommended Practice 652Reference: API-653 Paragraph 4.2.4.2




API650-2013 Welded Tanks for Oil Storage

Annex C (normative) External Floating Roofs

Annex H (normative) Internal Floating Roofs

API Std 620

Design and Construction of Large, Welded, Low-Pressure Storage Tanks,

Twelfth Edition




Q9. Above what operating temperature shall API Standard 650, Appendix M,

be considered before changing the service of a tank?

a) 500°Fb) 400°Fc) 300°Fd) 200°F


Q10. Under what conditions may a tank be operated at a temperature lower

than the original design?

a) When the requirements for impact testing of ASME Section VIII, Div, 1have been met

b) When the requirements of the applicable standard or API Standard

650 have been met

c) When the requirements of ASTM Specification A-370 have been metd) When the requirements of ASTM Specification A-20 have been met





Q11. Flaws, deterioration, or other conditions that might adversely affect the

performance or structural integrity of the shell of an existing tank must be

evaluated. Personnel experienced in tank design shall conduct the evaluation.This analysis shall take into account any of the following except

a) Fluid static head

b) Internal and external pressure

c) Organization that manufactured the tankd) Seismic loads





Q12. Of the following, which is not an option available to the owner/operator if

it is not possible to satisfy the requirements for minimum thickness

calculations for a welded tank?a) Repair damaged areas

b) Reduce allowable liquid level

c) Retire the tank

d) Reduce the fill rate so the tank fil ls slower and applies pressuregradually


Q13. Out-of-roundness, buckled areas, flat spots, and peaking and banding of welded joints are all examples of _____.

a) Shell Distortions

b) Flaws

c) Discontinuitiesd) Severe damage





Q14. Shell distortions require the tank to be immediately removed from

service and inspected.

a) Trueb) False


Q15. Flaws such as cracks or laminations shall be thoroughly examined todetermine their nature and extent and the need for repairs.

a) True

b) False





Q16. What if anything should be done with cracks in the shell-to-bottom weld?

a) These cracks can be sealed with caulking and the tank returned to service

b) The welds can have a cover weld pass applied over them to preventleakage

c) Cracks of this type are critical and the tank must be retired from service

since repairs are prohibited.

d) Cracks in the shell-to-bottom weld are crit ical and shall be removedand repaired


Q17. Internal pitting and pitting rates in the anticipated service, corrosion ofweld joints (weld and heat affected zone), weld joint cracking history, and

stresses placed on the bottom plates by roof support loads and shell

settlement are all examples of causes of what type of failure?

a) Annular ring failureb) Shell plate failure at first shell course

c) Bottom failure

d) Fatigue failure due to repeated jacking of floor plates





Q18. Underside corrosion (normally in the form of pitting), inadequate

drainage resulting in surface water flowing under the tank bottom, lack of an

annular plate ring when required, uneven settlement that results in highlocalized stresses in the bottom plates, and inadequate provision for

movement of roof support columns and other supports are all examples of

causes of what type of failure?

a) Shell plate failure at first courseb) Bottom failure

c) Failure of support columns due to hydraulic compression

d) Creep cracking failure


Q19. Of the following what has historically not been a cause of bottom failures?

a) Non-homogeneous fill under the tank bottom

b) Rock or gravel foundation pads with inadequately filled-in surface voidsc) Inadequate inspection frequency

d) Inadequately supported sumps





Q20. Where would you look to find the basis for cathodic protection systems

for the underside of tank bottoms?

a) API Recommended Practice 651b) API Recommended Practice 652

c) API Standard 2015

d) API Standard 2207


Q21. Where would you look to find procedures and practices for protecting

tank bottoms with internal lining?

a) API Recommended Practice 651b) API Recommended Practice 652

c) API Standard 2015

d) API Standard 2207





Q22. What two methods may be used in quantifying the remaining thickness

of tank bottoms?

a) Drilling and actual measurementb) Ultrasonic and radiography

c) Deterministic and probabilistic

d) Detailed stress analysis and plate deformation measurement


23. Unless a stress analysis is performed, what is the minimum thickness of

bottom plates in the critical zone?

a) Smaller of ½ the original bottom plate thickness or 50% of tmin of thelower shell course but not less than 0.1 inch.

b) Smaller of ¼ the original bottom plate thickness or 25% of tmin of the lower

shell course but not less than 0.1 inch.

c) Smaller of ¾ the original bottom plate thickness or 75% of tmin of the lowershell course but not less than 0.1 inch.

d) Smaller of ½ the original bottom plate thickness or 50% of tmin of the lower

shell course but not less than 0.01 inch.





API653: 4.4.5.4 Unless a stress analysis is performed, the minimum bottom

plate thickness in the critical zone of the tank

bottom defined in 9.10.1.2 shall be the smaller of one-half the original bottomplate thickness (not including the

original corrosion allowance) or 50 % of tmin of the lower shell course per

4.3.3.1 but not less than 0.1 in. Isolated

pitting will not appreciably affect the strength of the plate.




Q24. When repairing internal pitting for the extension of in-service operating

period, the repair shall be by any of the following methods except.

a) Pit weldingb) Brazing

c) Overlay welding

d) Lap Patching


Q25. The thickness of the bottom plate projection beyond the shell, measured

at the toe of the weld of the outside bottom-to-shell fillet weld shall be not less

than?a) 0.25 inch

b) 0.01 inch

c) 0.50 inch

d) 0.10 inchReference: API-653 Paragraph 4.4.7.7




API653: 4.4.5.7 The thickness of the projection of the bottom plate beyond

the shell as measured at the toe of the outside bottom-to-shell fillet weld shall

not be less than 0.1 in. The projection of the bottom plate beyond the outsidetoe of the shell-to-bottom weld shell shall be at least 3/8 in.

3/8 in.

0.1 in.




Q26. The projection of the bottom plate beyond the toe of the shell-to-bottom

weld shall be at least?

a) 0.125 inchb) 0.250 inch

c) 0.375 inch

d) 0.500 inch


Q27. An aboveground storage tank contains a fluid with a specific gravity of

less than one. The thickness of the plate in the first course is 7/8”. What is the

minimum thickness of the annular plate ring, seismic loading is not aconsideration, and the stress in the first course is 27,850 pound per square

inch?

a) 0.22 inch

b) 0.31 inchc) 0.20 inch

d) 0.23 inch

Reference: API-653 Paragraph 4.4.8.2 and Table 4-4

API653 4 4 6 Mi i Thi k f A l Pl t Ri




API653: 4.4.6 Minimum Thickness for Annular Plate Ring

4.4.6.1 Due to strength requirements, the minimum thickness of annular plate

ring is usually greater than 0.10 in. Isolated pitting will not appreciably affectthe strength of the plate. Unless a stress analysis is performed, the annular

plate thickness shall be in accordance with 4.4.6.2 or 4.4.6.3, as applicable.

4.4.6.2 For tanks in service with a product specific gravity less than 1.0, which

require annular plates for other than seismic loading considerations, thethickness of the annular plates shall be not less than the thicknesses given in

Table 4.5, plus any specified corrosion allowance. Interpolation is allowed

within Table 4.5 based on shell stress determined per Note b of Table 4.5.

4.4.6.3 For tanks in service with a product specific gravity of 1.0 or greater,

which require annular plates for other than seismic loading considerations,

the thickness of the annular plates shall be in accordance with API 650, Table

5-1a or 5-1b, plus any specified corrosion allowance. Interpolation is allowed

within API 650, Table 5-1a or 5-1b based on shell stress determined per Note

b of API 650, Table 5-1.

API653 T bl 4 5 A l B tt Pl t Thi k (i ) (P d t




API653: Table 4.5—Annular Bottom Plate Thicknesses (in.) (Product

Specific Gravity < 1.0)

Q27A A b d t t k t i fl id ith ifi it f




Q27A. An aboveground storage tank contains a fluid with a specific gravity of

1.1. The thickness of the plate in the first course is 7/8”. What is the minimum

thickness of the annular plate ring, seismic loading is not a consideration, andthe stress in the first course is 27,850 pound per square inch?

a) 0.22 inch

b) 0.31 inch

c) 0.20 inchd) 0.23 inch

Answer: 9/32”

Reference: API-653 Paragraph 4.4.8.2 and Table 4-4

API650: Table 5 1b Annular Bottom Plate Thicknesses




API650: Table 5.1b—Annular Bottom-Plate Thicknesses

(tb) (USC)

Q28 An aboveground storage tank contains a fluid with a specific gravity of




Q28. An aboveground storage tank contains a fluid with a specific gravity of

greater than one. The thickness of the plate in the first course is 7/8”. What is

the minimum thickness of the annular plate ring, seismic loading is not aconsideration, and the hydrostatic test stress in the first shell course is 27,850

pound per square inch?

a) 1/4 inch

b) 3/8 inchc) 9/32 inch

d) 11/32 inch

Reference: API-653 Paragraph 4.4.8.3 and Table 3-1 API-650

Q29. Settlement, erosion, cracking, and deterioration of concrete are all

examples of which of the following principle modes of failure or deterioration?

a) Annular plate ring failure

b) Shell-to-bottom weld failure

c) Deterioration of walkways and roadways

d) Deterioration of foundations


Q29 Settlement erosion cracking and deterioration of concrete are all




Q29. Settlement, erosion, cracking, and deterioration of concrete are all

examples of which of the following principle modes of failure or deterioration?

a) Annular plate ring failureb) Shell-to-bottom weld failure

c) Deterioration of walkways and roadways

d) Deterioration of foundations


Q30 To ensure suitability for service what is the minimum permitted




Q30. To ensure suitability for service, what is the minimum permitted

frequency of tank foundation inspection?

a) Annuallyb) Every five years

c) Monthly

d) Periodically

Reference: API-653 Paragraphs 4.5.1.1 & 4.3.1.2

API653: 4 5 Tank Foundation Evaluation




API653: 4.5 Tank Foundation Evaluation

4.5.1 General

4.5.1.1 The principal causes of foundation deterioration are settlement,erosion, cracking, and deterioration of concrete initiated by: calcining, attack

by underground water, attack by frost, and attack by alkalies and acids. To

ensure suitability for service, all tank foundations shall be inspected

periodically (see 6.3).

API653: 6.3 Inspections from the Outside of the Tank

6.3.1 Routine In-service Inspections

6.3.1.1 The external condition of the tank shall be monitored by close visual

inspection from the ground on a routine basis. This inspection may be done

by owner/operator personnel, and can be done by other than authorized

inspectors as defined in 3.4. Personnel performing this inspection should be

knowledgeable of the storage facility operations, the tank, and the

characteristics of the product stored.

6.3.1.2 The interval of such inspections shall be consistent with conditions at

the particular site, but shall not exceed one month.

Q31 Distortion of anchor bolts and excessive cracking of concrete structures




Q31. Distortion of anchor bolts and excessive cracking of concrete structures

may be indications of what two conditions?

a) Serious foundation settlement of a tank overpressure uplift conditionb) Inferior material used in the anchor bolts and the concrete structure

c) Over tightening of the anchor bolts and improper mixing of the concrete

d) The tank was struck by lightning and wind caused movement of the tank


Answers to API-653 Section 4 Suitability for Service




Answers to API 653 Section 4 Suitability for Service

31 A21 B

22 C

23 A

24 B

25 D

26 C

27 B

28 C

29 D

30 C

11 C

12 D

13 A

14 B

15 A

16 D

17 C

18 B

19 C

20 A

1 A

2 C

3 D

4 B

5 B

6 B

7 A

8 A

9 D

10 B

Section 5 – Brittle Fracture Considerations




Section 5 Brittle Fracture ConsiderationsQ1. Incidents of tank failure due to brittle fracture have occurred shortly after

erection during hydrostatic testing or in all but which of the followingincidents?

a) On the first filling in cold weather

b) After a change to a higher temperature service

c) After a change to a lower temperature serviced) After a repair or alteration


Q2. The risk of tank failure due to brittle fracture is minimal after what




condition(s)?

a) The tank has demonstrated its ability to withstand the combined effects ofmaximum liquid level (highest stresses) and highest operating temperature

b) The tank has demonstrated its ability to withstand the combined effects of

intermediate liquid level (highest stresses) and lowest operating

temperature

c) The tank has demonstrated its ability to withstand the combined

effects of maximum liquid level (highest stresses) and lowest

operating temperature

d) The tank has demonstrated its ability to withstand the combined effects of

maximum liquid level (highest stresses) and intermediate operating

temperature


Q3. If it is decided to change the service to a more severe service, it is




g

necessary to

a) Consider the need for pneumatically testing the entire tankb) Consider the need to recalculate the effectiveness of all reinforcement of

openings

c) Consider the need for hydrostatic testing

d) Consider removing all previous welded repairs and have them redone


Q4. If a tank shell thickness is less than _____ inch, and an evaluation in

accordance with Section 5 of API-653 has been performed, the risk of

brittle fracture is considered to be minimal.

a) 0.01

b) 0.10

c) 0.05

d) 0.50


Q5. No known tank failures attributed to brittle fracture have occurred at shell




metal temperatures of _____ °F and above.

a) -20

b) 20

c) 40

d) 60


Q6. According to industry experience and laboratory tests, what membrane

stress is required to caused failure due to brittle fracture?

a) 6 ksi

b) 7 ksi

c) 10 ksi

d) 12 ksi


Q7. What is the lowest temperature that a tank, constructed of carbon steel of




unknown toughness, may be used? The maximum thickness of the shell

is .625”

a) 40°F

b) 45 F

c) 50°F

d) 55°F

Reference: API-653 Paragraph 5.3.8 and Figure 5-2

Q8. What is the purpose of Figure 5-1 of API-653?

a) Provides a procedure to be used in the evaluation of the remaining life of

tank bottom plates

b) Provides a procedure to be used in the evaluation of the likelihood of

floating roof pontoon failure

c) Provides an assessment procedure for evaluating aboveground storage

tanks operating at 15 psi

d) Provides an assessment procedure for evaluating atmospheric

aboveground storage tanks for brittle fracture

Reference: API-653 Paragraph 5.2.1 and Figure 5-1

Figure 5.2—Exemption Curve for Tanks Constructed from Carbon Steel




of Unknown Material Specification

Answers to API-653 Section 3, Brittle Fracture Considerations





1 B

2 C

3 C

4 D

5 D

6 B

7 A

8 D

Section 6 – Inspection




Q1. What is the purpose of periodic in-service inspection?

a) The purpose of periodic in-service inspection, assure job security forinspectors

b) The purpose of periodic in-service inspection, assure proper operation of

AST

c) The purpose of periodic in-service inspection is to assure continuedtank integrity

d) The purpose of periodic in-service inspection is to assure OSHA

compliance


Q2. Of the following, which is not a consideration that must be addressed in

d t i i i ti i t l f AST ?




determining inspection intervals for ASTs?

a) Corrosion prevention systems

b) Inspection interval of other equipment located near the tank under

consideration

c) Changes in service (including changes in water bottoms)

d) Previous inspection results


Q3. What methods of inspection must be considered when establishing

i ti f i ?




inspection frequencies?

a) On-stream core sample inspection

b) On-stream nondestructive inspection

c) In-service aerial inspection

d) In-service groundwater inspection


Q4. Close visual inspections of aboveground storage tanks, from the ground,

may be made by other than the Authorized Inspector , The interval of such

inspections shall not exceed:

a) At least every five years or 1/4 the corrosion rate life of the shell whichever

is less

b) 12 months

c) 6 months

d) 1 month


Q5. All tanks shall be given a visual external inspection, by an Authorized

Inspector at what frequency?




Inspector, at what frequency?

a) Inspection conducted at least every 20 years or at the quarter corrosion

rate of the bottom whichever is less

b) Inspection conducted at least every 5 years or at the quarter corrosion rate

of the bottom whichever is less

c) Inspection conducted at least every 5 years or at the quarter

corrosion rate of the shell whichever is less

d) Inspection conducted at least every 20 years or at the quarter corrosion

rate of the shellwhichever is less


Q6. External ultrasonic thickness measurements of the shell, while the tank is

in service can be a means of determining rate of uniform corrosion The




in service, can be a means of determining rate of uniform corrosion. The

extent of UT measurements shall be determined by the owner/operator. What

is maximum interval of such thickness measurements when the corrosion rate

is not known?

a) Five years

b) Three years

c) One year

d) Every three months until the corrosion rate is established

Reference: API-653 Paragraph 6.3.3.2a.

Q7. The minimum thickness of a tank was established at 0.585 inch. The

shell was fabricated from 3/4 inch plate and included a 0 125 inch corrosion




shell was fabricated from 3/4 inch plate and included a 0.125 inch corrosion

allowance. The tank has been in service for eight years and current ultrasonic

thickness measurements reveal an average thickness of 0.712 inch. Based

on this information determine when the next ultrasonic thickness

measurements will be required.

a) Fifteen years

b) Thirteen years

c) Eleven years

d) Nine years

Reference: API-653 Paragraph 6.3.3.2b.

Initial thickness= 0.75”

Present thickness= 0.712

Interval= 8 year

Corrosion rate= 0.00475”/year

Next interval= 15 years or

RCN/2N = 0.127/0.00475 = 26.7 year, which ever is less.

Used= 15 years

Q8. Internal inspections are primarily required to do all but which of the

following?




following?

a) Ensure the internal surfaces of the tank are thoroughly cleaned

periodically

b) Identify and evaluate any tank bottom settlement

c) Ensure that the bottom is not severely corroded and leaking

d) Gather data necessary for the minimum bottom and shell thickness

assessments


Q9. When can the required internal inspection be performed by some method

other than visual inspection?

a) Substitution of the visual inspection is never permitted

b) If the internal inspection is required solely for determining the

condition and integrity of the tank bottom

c) If the internal inspection is required solely for determining the conditionand integrity of the tank critical zone

d) If the internal inspection is required solely for determining the condition

and integrity of the tank roof support structure


Q10. According to API-653, all tanks shall have a formal internal inspection

conducted at intervals defined by this standard Who is required to conduct




conducted at intervals defined by this standard. Who is required to conduct

the visual inspection?

a) The corrosion engineer

b) The person designated by the Authorized Inspector

c) The authorized Inspector

d) The person designated by the owner user


Q11. Intervals between internal inspections shall be determined by the

corrosion rates measured during previous inspections or anticipated based on





experience with tanks in similar service. The internal inspection interval shall

not exceed how many years?

a) Ten years

b) Fifteen years

c) Twenty years

d) Twenty-five years


Q11A. Intervals between internal inspections shall be determined by the






experience with tanks in similar service. The internal inspection interval shall

not exceed how many years, for tanks with a Release Prevention Barrier.?

a) Ten years

b) Fifteen years

c) Thirty years

d) Twenty-five years


6.4.2.1 Initial Internal Inspection Interval

The initial internal inspection intervals for newly constructed tanks and/or




e t a te a spect o te a s o e y co st ucted ta s a d/o

refurbished tanks shall be established either per 6.4.2.1.1 or 6.4.2.1.2.

6.4.2.1.1 The interval from initial service date until the first internal inspection

shall not exceed 10 years unless a tank has one or more of the leak

prevention, detection, corrosion mitigation, or containment safeguards listed

in Table 6.1. The initial internal inspection date shall be based on incremental

credits for the additional safeguards in Table 6.1 which are cumulative.

Table 6.1—Tank Safeguard




6.4.2.2 Subsequent Internal Inspection Interval

The interval between subsequent internal inspections shall be determined in




q p

accordance with either the corrosion rate procedures of 6.4.2.2.1 or the risk

based inspection procedures as outlined in 6.4.2.2.2.

6.4.2.2.1 The subsequent inspection interval (beyond the initial inspection)

can be determined using the measured tank bottom corrosion rate and the

minimum remaining thickness in accordance with 4.4.5. During any

examination to determine corrosion rates the owner/operator should ensure

they understand the effectiveness of the inspection techniques employed for

detecting and measuring potential damage mechanisms. When changing

service, an owner/operator may decide to use internal corrosion rates

obtained from similar service assessment (performed per Annex H of API 653)when setting subsequent internal inspection dates.

When using the corrosion rate procedures of 6.4.2.2.1 the maximum

subsequent internal inspection interval shall be 20 years for tanks without aRelease Prevention Barrier, or 30 years for tanks with a Release Prevention

Barrier.

Q12. What is the minimum thickness permitted at the next inspection for a

tank bottom designed with a means to provide detection and containment of a




bottom leak?

a) 0.01 inch

b) 0.10 inch

c) 0.50 inch

d) 0.05 inch

Reference: API-653 Paragraph 6.4.2.1 & Table 6.1

Q13. In cases where corrosion rates are not known and similar service

experience is not available, the bottom plate actual thickness shall be

determined by inspection(s) within how many years?a) 25 years

b) 20 years

c) 15 years

d) 10 yearsReference: API-653 Paragraph 6.4.2.2

Q14. Which of the following is a recognized alternative to internal inspection

interval described in API-653?




a) Risk-based Inspection procedures (RBI)

b) Hydrostatically testing the tank every five years

c) Performing complete calculations for minimum required thickness of the

tank shell and bottom

d) API-653 does not permit any alternatives to the internal inspection

intervals


Q15. Of the following, which would not be a factor to be considered in a Risk-

based assessment of a tank?a) Availability and effectiveness of inspection methods and quality of data

collected

b) The methods used for determining the thickness of the shell and bottom

platesc) Effectiveness of corrosion mitigation methods

d) Names of all operators since the initial start-up of the tank


Q16. The owner/operator is required to maintain complete record file

consisting of three types of records. Which of the following is not one of the




three types of records.

a) Repair/alteration history

b) Fill cycles

c) Construction

d) Inspection


Q17. General inspection reports shall include which of the following?

a) Metal thickness measurement, repairs, conditions found, settlement




measurements, and recommendations

b) Metal thickness measurement, repairs, operational upsets, settlement


c) Metal thickness measurement, repairs, conditions found, name of

organization performing environmental impact study, and

recommendationsd) Metal thickness measurement, list of all personnel who have worked on

the tank since the last inspection, conditions found, settlement



Answers to API-653 Section 6, Inspection

11 c1 c




11 c

12 d

13 d

14 a

15 d

16 b

17 a

1 c

2 b

3 b

4 d

5 c

6 a

7 b

8 a9 b

10 c

Section 7 – MaterialsQ1. All new materials used for repair, alteration, and reconstruction shall




conform to which of the following?

a) The existing material code at the time of original construction

b) The latest NFPA Code

c) The current applicable tank standards

d) Any ASME Code specification for P-1 material

Reference: API-653, Paragraph 7.2

Q2. All shell plates and bottom plates welded to the shell shall be identified.

Material identified by any of the following except _____ does not require

further identification?

a) Original contract drawings

b) API name plates

c) Suitable documentation

d) Owner/operator's experience with similar tanks in similar service

constructed of similar material

Reference: API-653, Paragraph 7.3.1.1

Q3. Each individual plate for which adequate identification can not be made;

the plate shall be _______.

) S bj t d t h i l l i d h i l t t i d i




a) Subjected to chemical analysis and mechanical tests as required in

ASTM A6 and A370 including Charpy V-Notch

b) Subjected to chemical analysis and mechanical tests as required in ASTM

A20 and A333 including Charpy V-Notch

c) Subjected to Brinell hardness analysis and mechanical tests as required in

ASTM A6 and A370 including Charpy V-Notchd) Subjected to Brinell hardness analysis and mechanical tests as required in

ASTM A20 and A333 including Charpy V-Notch


Q4. Under what condition does API-653 require two tension specimens shall

be taken at right angles to each other from a corner of each plate? One of

those specimens must meet the specification requirements




those specimens must meet the specification requirements.

a) When the direction of rolling is not definitely knownb) When the welding will be conducted at a temperature less than 32ºF

c) When the plate is not a full size plate and may be installed with the grain

running vertical

d) When the material is not a P-1 materialReference: API-653, Paragraph 7.3.1.2

Q5. Even when a material is identified, all shell plates and bottom plates

welded to the shell shall meet what minimum requirements?

a) The chemistry and mechanical properties of material specified for the




a) The chemistry and mechanical properties of material specified for the

application with regard to thickness and design temperature given in ASME Section II, Part A

b) The chemistry and mechanical properties of material specified for the

application with regard to thickness and design temperature given in

API Standard 650c) The chemistry and mechanical properties of material specified for the

application with regard to thickness and design temperature given in the

owner/operator's engineering design

d) The chemistry and mechanical properties of material specified for theapplication with regard to thickness and design temperature given in the

contract for the tank repair, alteration, or reconstruction


Q6. Is it permissible to reuse existing rolled structural shapes? If so what

specification applies?

a) Yes existing rolled structural shapes shall meet the requirement of ASTM




a) Yes, existing rolled structural shapes shall meet the requirement of ASTM

A-20 as a minimumb) Yes, existing rolled structural shapes shall meet the requirement of ASTM

A-370 as a minimum

c) Yes, existing rolled structural shapes shall meet the requirement of

ASTM A-6 as a minimumd) Yes, existing rolled structural shapes shall meet the requirement of ASTM

A-7 as a minimum

Reference: API-653, Paragraph 7.3.2

Note: ASTM A6 / A6M - 14 Standard Specification for General Requirements for

Rolled Structural Steel Bars, Plates, Shapes, and Sheet Piling

API653: 7.3.2 StructuralExisting rolled structural shapes that are to be reused shall meet the requirement of

ASTM A7 as a minimum. New structural material shall meet the requirements of

ASTM A36 or ASTM A992 as a minimum.

NOTE ASTM A7 was a steel specification that was discontinued in the Fourth Edition

of API 650, 1970.

API653: 7.3.2 Structural

Existing rolled structural shapes that are to be reused shall meet the

requirement of ASTM A7 as a minimum New structural material shall




requirement of ASTM A7 as a minimum. New structural material shall

meet the requirements of ASTM A36 or ASTM A992 as a minimum.

NOTE ASTM A7 was a steel specification that was discontinued in the Fourth

Edition of API 650, 1970.

Q7. Flange material must meet the minimum requirements of the material

specifications of the current applicable standard.

a) True




a) True

b) FalseReference: API-653, Paragraph 7.3.3.1

API653: 7.3.3 Flanges and Fasteners

7.3.3.1 Flange material shall meet the minimum requirements of the materialspecifications in the as-built standard.

7.3.3.2 Fasteners shall meet the material specifications of the current

applicable standard.

Q8. Fasteners shall meet the material specifications of the current applicable

standard.

a) True




a) True

b) FalseReference: API-653, Paragraph 7.3.3.2

Q9. If existing plates are to be used to reconstruct the tank, they shall be

checked for which of the following?

a) Chemical compatibility with other plates used in the reconstruction




a) Chemical compatibility with other plates used in the reconstruction

b) Excessive corrosion and pittingc) Mechanical strength including impact properties

d) Inadequately reinforced openings


Answers to API-653 Section 7, Materials





Q

1 C2 D

3 A

4 A

5 B6 D

7 B

8 A

9 B

Section 8 – Design Considerations for Reconstructed TanksQ1. Design considerations other than normal product loading shall be

specified by the




specified by the _____.

a) Organization performing the reconstruction

b) Authorized Inspector

c) Owner/operator

d) Registered professional engineer contracted by the repair organization

Reference API 653 Paragraph 8.1

Q2. Weld joint details shall meet the requirements of which of the following?

a) API Standard 650

b) ASME Section IX only

c) The applicable standard

d) AWS D1.1 Structural Welding Code

Reference API 653 Paragraph 8.2.1




Q3. The thickness to be used for each shell course when checking tank

design shall be based on:

a) Measurements taken within 30 days prior to relocation




) y

b) Measurements taken within 60 days prior to relocationc) Measurements taken within 120 days prior to relocation

d) Measurements taken within 180 days prior to relocation


Q4. The maximum liquid level for hydrostatic test shall be determined by

using which of the following?

a) The nominal thickness of each shell course at the time of original

constructionb) The actual thickness measured for each shell course

c) The anticipated thickness for each shell course at the time of next

thickness measurements

d) Twice the anticipated thickness for each shell course at the time of nextthickness measurements


Design Considerations for Reconstructed Tanks API653: 8.4.3 The maximum liquid level for hydrostatic test shall be

determined by using the actual thickness measured for each shell course, the




y g ,

allowable stress for the material in each course, and the design method to be

used. The allowable stress for the material shall be determined using API 650,

Table 5- a or Table 5-2b. For material not listed in Table 5-2a or Table 5-2b,

an allowable stress value of the lesser of 3/4 yield strength or 3/7 tensile

strength shall be used.

Q5. The joint efficiency and allowable stress levels for existing welded joints

that are not to be removed and replaced shall be based on which of the

following?




a) Original construction standardb) Original degree and type of inspection

c) Current construction standard

d) Current degree and type of inspection


Q6. Replacement and new penetrations shall be designed, detailed, welded,

and examined to meet what requirements?

a) The current applicable standardb) The original standard of construction

c) The requirements of the Authorized Inspector

d) The requirements of the owner/operator


Q7. Existing penetrations shall be evaluated for compliance with what

requirements?

a) The current applicable standard




b) The original standard of constructionc) The requirements of the Authorized Inspector

d) The requirements of the owner/operator


Q8. With regard to seismic design, reconstructed tanks shall be built to meet

the stability requirements of:

a) The requirements of the owner/operator

b) The requirements of the Authorized Inspector c) The original standard of construction

d) The applicable standard

Reference API 653 Paragraph 8.8

Answers to API-653 Section 8, Design


1 C




2 C3 D

4 B

5 B

6 A7 B

8 D

Section 9 – Tank Repair and AlterationQ1. The basis for repairs and alterations shall be equivalent to which of the

following?




a) API-653

b) API-650

c) API-510

d) API-570

Reference API-653, Paragraph 9.1.1

Q2. The minimum dimension for a replacement shall plate shall be _____

inches or ____ times the thickness of the replacement plate whichever is

______.a) 12, 12, greater

b) 12, 12, lesser

c) 18, 18, greater

d) 18, 18, lesser Reference API-653, Paragraph 9.2.2.1

Q3. Unless an entire shell plate is replaced, the replacement plate may be

circular, oblong, square or rectangular provide the corners are

a) Provided with a radius of at least 1 inch (2”)




b) Provided with a radius of at least 3% of the short dimension of the platec) Provided with a radius of at least 3 inches

d) Provided with rounded corners

Reference API-653, Paragraph 9.2.2.1

9.3.1.4 The shape of the repair plate may be circular, oblong, square, or rectangular.

All corners, except at the shell to bottom joint, shall be rounded to a minimum radius of

2 in. The nozzle reinforcing plate shapes of API 650, Figure5-8, are also acceptable.

Q4. Prior to welding the new vertical joints, the existing horizontal joints shallbe cut for a minimum distance of _____ inches beyond the new vertical joints.

a) Six

b) Eight

c) Twelved) Sixteen


Q5. Vertical joints shall be welded before the horizontal joints.

a) True

b) False





Q6. For existing shell plates over ½” thick, the outer edge of the butt weld,

attaching the replacement shell plate shall be at least _____ times the weld

thickness or _____ inches whichever is greater from the outer edge of any existing butt-welded shell joints.

a) 12, 10

b) 10, 12

c) 8, 10d) 10, 8


8t or 10”

API653: 9.2.3.3 For existing shell plates over 1/2-in. thick, the outer edge of

the butt weld attaching the replacement shell plate shall be at least the

greater of 8 times the weld thickness or 10 in. from the outer edge of any

i ti b tt ld d h ll j i t




existing buttwelded shell joints.

For existing shell plates 1/2-in. thick and less, the spacing may be reduced to

6 in. from the outer edge of vertical joints or 3 in. from the outer edge of

horizontal joints. See Figure 9.1 for minimum dimensions.

For t> ½”, d1 = greater of 8 times the weld thickness or 10 in.

8t or 10”












For t> ½”, d1 = greater of 8 times the weld thickness or 10 in.

8t or 10”












For t≤ ½”

d1 = 3”

d2 = 6”

3” & 6”




existing buttwelded shell joints








For t≤ ½”

d1 = 3”

d2 = 6”

3” & 6”

Figure 9.1—Acceptable Details for Replacement of Shell Plate Material




Q7. For existing shell plates ½” thick and less, the outer edge of the butt weld,

attaching the replacement shell plate may be reduced to _____ inches from

the outer edge of vertical joints or _____ inches from the outer edge of

horizontal joints




horizontal joints.a) 10, 8

b) 9, 6

c) 6, 9

d) 6, 3Reference API-653, Paragraph 9.2.3.3

3” & 6”

Q8. For existing shell plates over ½” thick, the outer edge of the butt weld,

attaching the replacement shell plate shall be at least _____ times the weld

size or _____ inches, whichever is greater, from the edge (toe) of the fillet

weld attaching the bottom shell course to the bottom This rule does not apply




weld attaching the bottom shell course to the bottom. This rule does not applyif the replacement shell plate extends to and intersects with the bottom-to-

shell joint at approximately _____ degrees.

a) 8, 10, 45

b) 8, 10, 90c) 8, 10, 60

d) There are no exceptions


Q9. The edge of any vertical weld joint attaching a replacement plate shall be

at least how far from the edge of the weld joint in the annular plate ring or

sketch plate?

a) Eight inches




a) Eight inchesb) Ten inches

c) Twelve inches

d) Six inches


Q10. Lapped patch shell repairs are an acceptable form of repair for butt-

welded, lap-welded, and riveted tank shell only when specified by:

a) The Authorized Inspector b) Repair organization

c) The insurance company

d) The owner/operator


Q11. Lapped patch shell repairs are not permitted on shell courses exceeding

what thickness?

a) ½ inch

b) ¾ inch




b) ¾ inchc) 1 inch

d) 1 ¼ inch


Q12. When a lapped patch shell repair is used, what is the minimum

thickness permitted for the repair plate?

a) Not less than .25 inch

b) Not less than .1875 inch (4.76mm)c) Not less than .50 inch

d) Not less than .375 inch


9.3 Shell Repairs Using Lap-welded Patch Plates

9.3.1.3 Except as permitted in 9.3.3.2 and 9.3.4.3, the repair plate material

shall be the smaller of 1/2 in. or the thickness of the shell plate adjacent to the

repairs but not less than 3/16 in (0 187”)




repairs, but not less than 3/16 in (0.187 ).

9.3.3.2 The repair plate thickness shall not exceed the shell plate thickness at

the perimeter of the repair plate by more than one-third, but no more than 1/8

in. The repair plate thickness shall not exceed 1/2 in.

9.3.4.3 The repair plate thickness shall not exceed the shell plate thickness at

the perimeter of the repair plate by more than one-third, but no more than 1/8

in. The repair plate thickness shall be no thinner than 3/16 in. nor thicker than 1/2 in. A full fillet perimeter weld is required.

Q13. Repair plates for lapped patch repairs may square or rectangular in

shape. These plates must be provided with a corner radius of at least what

dimension?

a) They shall be rounded to a minimum radius of 1 inch




a) They shall be rounded to a minimum radius of 1 inchb) They shall be rounded to a minimum radius of 2 inches

c) They shall be rounded to a minimum radius of 3 inches

d) They shall be rounded to a minimum radius of 4 inches


Q14. The maximum dimension of the lapped patch repair plate vertically and

horizontally shall not exceed:

a) 24 inches vertically and 36 inches horizontallyb) 36 inches vertically and 48 inches horizontally

c) 48 inches vertically and 72 inches horizontally

d) There are no maximum dimensions


Q15. The minimum lapped patch repair plate dimension is what length?

a) 6 inches (4”)

b) 8 inches

c) 10 inches




c) 10 inchesd) 12 inches


API653: 9.3.1.7 The maximum vertical and horizontal dimension of the repairplate is 48 in. and 72 in., respectively. The minimum repair plate dimension is

4 in. The repair plate shall be formed to the shell radius.

Q16. Is it permissible to install a shell opening and its reinforcement within aproperly designed lapped patch shell repair?

a) Yes

b) No


API653: 9.3.1.8 Shell openings and their reinforcements shall not be

positioned within a lapped patch shell repair.

Q17. When a lapped patch repair plate is used to reinforce the thickness of a

shell, which of the following is correct?

a) The repair plate thickness shall be based on the latest edition of API-650

and 653 using a joint efficiency not exceeding 0.35




a d 653 us g a jo e c e cy o e ceed g 0 35b) The repair plate thickness shall be based on the applicable standard of

construction and API Standard 653 using a joint efficiency not exceeding

0.35

c) The repair plate thickness shall be based on the latest edition of API-650and 653 using a joint efficiency not exceeding 0.70

d) The repair plate thickness shall be based on the applicable standard of

construction and API Standard 650 using a joint efficiency not exceeding

0.70Reference API-653, Paragraph 9.3.3.1

9.3.3.1 The selection of the repair plate thickness shall be based on a design

that conforms to the as-built standard and API 653, using a joint efficiencynot exceeding 0.35. The perimeter weld shall be a full fillet weld.

Q18. With regard to the thickness of the repair plate at the perimeter of the

repair plate, when a lapped patch repair plate is used to reinforce the

thickness of a shell, which of the following is correct?

a) The repair plate shall not exceed the thickness of the shell plate by more




) p p p ythan 1/4th but no more than 1/8th inch. The maximum repair plate

thickness is 1/2inch.

b) The repair plate shall not exceed the thickness of the shell plate by more

than 1/3rd but no more than 1/4th inch. The maximum repair platethickness is 1/2inch.

c) The repair plate shall not exceed the thickness of the shell plate by

more than 1/3rd but no more than 1/8th inch. The maximum repair

plate thickness is 1/2inch.d) The repair plate shall not exceed the thickness of the shell plate by more

than 1/4th but no more than 1/3rd inch. The maximum repair plate

thickness is 1/2inch.


Q19. Lapped patch repair plates may be used to repair small leaks or

minimize the potential of leaks from isolated pitting. The requirements for

thickness and design are the same as for reinforcement of shell thickness.

This type of repair may not be used to repair small leaks if whatditi ( ) i t ?




yp p y pcondition(s) exists?

a) The leak is located anywhere in the first shell course within 12 inches of a

vertical joint

b) The leak of pit is in an area of the shell where there is a product toatmosphere interface

c) There is a possibility of severe environmental impact should the repair fail

d) If exposure of the fillet weld to the product would produce crevice

corrosion or if a corrosion cell is likely to occur between the shellplate and the repair plate


Q20. An alteration to a tank shell by the addition of new plate material shall

be performed in accordance with what standard?

a) Current API 650 and latest addenda

b) API 650 edition and addenda applicable at the time of original tankt ti




) pp gconstruction

c) Applicable standard

d) Tanks may not be altered by increasing height

Reference API-653, Paragraph 9.5

9.5 Alteration of Tank Shells to Change Shell Height

Tank shells may be altered by adding new plate material to increase the height of the tank shell. The modified

shell height shall be in accordance with the requirements of the current applicable standard and shall take into

consideration all anticipated loadings such as wind and seismic.

Q21. Repairs to existing shell penetrations shall be in accordance with

a) API Standard 650

b) API Standard 653c) API Standard 510

d) National Board Inspection Code


Q22. API 653 permits the addition of reinforcing plates to existing un-

reinforced nozzles. What requirement is necessary to add this

reinforcement to the inside of the tank?

a) The reinforcement plate may not be added to the inside of the plateb) A telltale hole shall be drilled through the shell opposite the reinforcement




b) A telltale hole shall be drilled through the shell opposite the reinforcement

plate

c) The reinforcement plate is the same material as the nozzle and is

attached to the nozzle by full penetration weldd) Sufficient nozzle projection exists


Q23. The addition or replacement of shell penetrations shall be in accordancewith

a) API-650

b) API-650 and API 653

c) API-650 and API 510d) API-650 and AMSE Section VIII, Division 2


Q24. Installation or replacement of shell penetrations greater than 2 inches

shall be installed with the use of an insert plate if what condition(s) exists?

a) The penetration is no closer than 12 inches to an existing penetration

b) The shell plate is greater than ½” thickness and the shell plate materialdoes not meet current metal temperature criteria




does not meet current metal temperature criteria

c) The penetration is no closer than 10 inches to an existing penetration

d) The shell plate is greater than 3/16” thickness and the shell plate material

does not meet current metal temperature criteriaReference API-653, Paragraph 9.8.2

API653: 9.8.6 Penetrations larger than 2 in. NPS shall be installed with the

use of an insert plate if the shell plate thickness is greater than 1/2 in. andthe shell plate material does not meet the current design metal

temperature criteria. In addition, the following requirement shall be met:

a) the minimum diameter of the insert plate shall be at least twice the

diameter of the penetration or the diameter plus 12 in., whichever isgreater;

b) when reinforcing plates are used, the minimum diameter of the insert plate

shall equal the diameter of the reinforcing plate plus 12 in.

Q24. Installation or replacement of shell penetrations greater than 2 inches

shall be installed with the use of an insert plate if what condition(s) exists?

a) The penetration is no closer than 12 inches to an existing penetration

b) The shell plate is greater than ½” thickness and the shell plate materialdoes not meet current metal temperature criteria




does not meet current metal temperature criteria

c) The penetration is no closer than 10 inches to an existing penetration

d) The shell plate is greater than 3/16” thickness and the shell plate material

does not meet current metal temperature criteriaReference API-653, Paragraph 9.8.2

API653: 9.8.6 Penetrations larger than 2 in. NPS shall be installed with the

use of an insert plate if the shell plate thickness is greater than 1/2 in. andthe shell plate material does not meet the current design metal

temperature criteria. In addition, the following requirement shall be met:

a. the minimum diameter of the insert plate shall be at least twice the

diameter of the penetration or the diameter plus 12 in., whichever isgreater;

b. when reinforcing plates are used, the minimum diameter of the insert plate


Q25. An 8 inch diameter penetration is to be installed in a shell which

requires an insert plate. What is the minimum permitted diameter of the

insert plate?

a) Eight inchesb) Twelve inches




b) Twelve inches

c) Sixteen inches

d) Twenty inches

Reference API-653, Paragraph 9.8.2(a)

Q26. An insert plate containing an opening with a reinforcing plate is to be

installed in a tank. The reinforcing plate diameter is thirty-two inches. What

is the minimum diameter of the insert plate?a) The insert plate must be 32 inches in diameter

b) The insert plate must be 44 inches in diameter

c) The insert plate must be 32 inches in diameter plus the diameter of the

openingd) The insert plate must be 32 inches in diameter plus twice the diameter of

the opening

Reference API-653, Paragraph 9.8.2(b)

Q27. If an integral reinforcement design is used, the thickness of the insert

plate, at its periphery and for a distance of 2t from the edge of the weld, shall

be the same thickness as the shell. If it is not, the insert plate shall have a

______ taper to match the shell plate thickness.a) 1:2




a) 1:2

b) 1:3

c) 1:4

d) 1:5Reference API-653, Paragraph 9.8.2(c)

Q28. When it is necessary to install a new tank bottom above an existing

bottom, it may be necessary to alter existing shell penetrations. Thisprocedure may require the existing reinforcing plate to be removed and a new

reinforcement plate added. This is not permitted when what condition exists?

a) The assembly was originally hardness tested

b) The existing assembly was not impact testedc) The existing assembly was fabricated from re-claimed material

d) The existing assembly was stress relieved


Q29. New reinforcing plates shall be installed in accordance with Fig. 7-2a of

API-653. In order to maintain weld spacing, what shape reinforcing plate is

permitted?

a) Ovalb) Diamond




b) Diamond

c) Tombstone

d) Circular is the only permitted shape




Q30. No welding or weld overlays are permitted within the “Critical Zone”

except for welding of widely scattered pits, cracks in the bottom plates, the

shell-to-bottom weld, or where the bottom or annular plate is being replaced.

a) Trueb) False




b) False

Reference API-653, Paragraph 9.10.1.2.1

9.10.1.2 Repairs within the Critical Zone

The use of welded-on patch plates is permitted for repairing a portion of tank bottoms within the

critical zone (see 3.10 for definition) provided 9.10.1.1 requirements and the following

additional requirements are met.

a) Maximum plate thickness for welded-on patch plates within the critical zone is 1/4-in. andmust meet the toughness requirements of API 650, Section 4.2.10.




b) When a welded-on patch plate is within 6 in. of the shell, the welded-on patch plate shall be

tombstone shaped. The sides of the tombstone shaped welded- n patch plate shall intersect

the shell-to-bottom joint at approximately 90°.

c) Perimeter welds on welded-on patch plates within the critical zone shall be two-pass,minimum, and examined per 12.1.1.3 and 12.1.7.2.

d) Installation of a welded-on patch plate by butt-welding to an adjacent existing patch is not

permitted in the critical zone.

e) Welded-on patch plates over existing patches are not allowed in the critical zone.

f) The bottom plate under the perimeter of a welded-on patch plate shall meet the thicknessrequirements in 4.4.

g) For tanks with shell plate of unknown toughness as defined in Section 3, new fillet welds

utilized to install a tombstone patch plate in the critical zone shall be spaced at least the

greater of 3 in. or 5t from existing vertical weld joints in the bottom shell course, where t is the

thickness of the bottom shell course, in inches. See Figure 9.13 for further guidance on weldspacing.

NOTE The bottom plate thickness at the attachment weld must be at least 0.1-in. thick before

welding the welded-on patch plate to the bottom plate. Refer to API 2207 for further

information.

9.10.1.2.1 No welding or weld overlays are permitted within the critical zone

except for the welding of: widely scattered pits (see 4.3.2.2), pinholes, cracks

in the bottom plates, the shell-to-bottom weld, welded-on patch plates, or

where the bottom plate welded to the shell is being replaced.




Q31. API Standard 653 defines the “Critical Zone” for repairs to tank bottoms

as what?

a) That portion of the bottom or annular plate within 3" from the inside

edge of the shell, measured radially inwardb) Within the annular plate ring, within 12 inches of the shell, or within 12




) p g

inches of the inside edge of the annular plate ring

c) That portion of the bottom or annular plate within 6" from the inside edge

of the shell, measured radially inwardd) Within the annular plate ring, within 3" of the shell, or within 12 inches of

the inside edge of the annular plate ring


Q32. If more extensive repairs are required within the “Critical Zone” than

those listed in 7.10.1.2, what must be done with the bottom plate?

a) As long as the repairs do not involve the bottom plate, nothing needs to be

doneb) The bottom plate welded to the shell shall be cut out and a new plate




installed

c) The bottom plate shall be subjected to suitable nondestructive

examination to ensure it has not be adversely affected by the repair d) The bottom plate and the bottom shell course shall be replaced as an

assembly


9.10.1.2.4 If more extensive repairs are required within the critical zone than

those listed in 9.10.1.2, the bottom plate welded to the shell shall be cut

out and a new plate shall be installed. Weld spacing requirements shall be

inaccordance with 9.10.2.4, and API 650, Section 5.1.5.4 and Section 5.1.5.5.

The shell-to-bottom weld shall be removed and replaced for a minimum

distance of 12 in. on each side of the new bottom plate.

Q33. When it is necessary to install a new bottom plate over an existing

bottom plate, a suitable ______ material cushion such as sand, gravel or

concrete shall be used between the old bottom and the

new bottom.a) Drainage




b) Compacted

c) Non-corrosive

d) Non-conductiveReference API-653, Paragraph 9.10.2.1.1

Q34. When a new tank bottom has been installed in a floating roof tank, what

consideration must given to the floating roof level?

a) The floating roof will find its own level

b) The support legs can be jacked up or shortened by the same amount asthe thickness of the cushion and new bottom plate




c) The support legs can be jacked up or shortened by the same amount as

the thickness of the cushion

d) The support legs can be jacked up or shortened by the same amountas the thickness of the new bottom plate


Q35. Which of the following is not acceptable when removing an existing tank

bottom, with regard to the separation of the shell from the tank bottom?

a) Cutting the shell parallel to the tank bottom a minimum of ½” above the

bottom to shell weldb) Removing the entire shell to bottom attachment weld including penetration




and heat affect zone

c) Removing the entire shell to bottom attachment weld by arc gouging

and/or grindingd) Cutting the shell parallel to the tank bottom a minimum of ¼” above

the bottom to shell weld

Reference API-653, Paragraph 9.10.2.2(a) and (b)

9.10.2.3 When removing an existing tank bottom, the tank shell shall be separated from tank

bottom either by: a) cutting the shell parallel to the tank bottom a minimum of 1/2 in. above

the bottom-to-shell weld (cut line B-B as shown in Figure 10.1), or

b) removing the entire shell-to-bottom attachment weld, including any penetration and heat

affected zone by suitable methods such as arc gouging and/or grinding. All arc-gouged areasof the tank shell-to-bottom weld shall be magnetic particle examined, and defective areas

repaired and re-examined.

Figure 10.1—Tank Shell and Bottom Cut Locations




Q36. For installation of a new tank bottom in a tank with shell plates of

unknown toughness, not exempted in Table 10-1 of API-653, new welds in

the bottom or annular ring shall be spaced at least the greater of _____

inches or ____t from existing vertical weld joints in the bottom shellcourse. (t is the thickness of the bottom shell course)

) th fi




a) three, five

b) six, five

c) five, threed) five, six


API653: 9.10.2.4 Installation of a new tank bottom, after removal of the existing tank bottom,

shall meet all requirements of API 650. Except as permitted in 9.10.2.7, existing shell

penetrations shall be raised or their penetration reinforcing plates modified if the elevation of the

new bottom results in inadequate nozzle reinforcement (see Figure 9.8 and API 650, Section

5.7.2) or if the weld spacing requirements given in API 650, Section 5.7.3 are not met. For tanks

with shell plate of unknown toughness as defined in Section 3, new weld joints in the bottom or

annular ring shall be spaced at least the greater of 3 in. or 5t from existing vertical weld joints in

the bottom shell course, where t is the thickness of the bottom shell course, in inches.

Q37. What is the minimum thickness of new roof plates for supported cone

roofs?

a) 7/16”

b) 5/16”c) 3/16”

d) 1/16”




d) 1/16”


9.11.2 Supported Cone Roofs

9.11.2.1 The minimum thickness of new roof plates shall be 3/16 in. (4.76mm)

plus any corrosion allowance as specified in the repair specifications. In the

event roof live loads in excess of 25 lbf/ft2

are specified (such as insulation,operating vacuum, high snow loads), the plate thickness shall be based on

analysis using the allowable stresses in conformance with API 650 Section




analysis using the allowable stresses in conformance with API 650, Section

5.10.3 (see 9.11.2.2).

Q38. The nominal thickness of new roof plates for self-supporting roofs shall

be equal to or greater than _____ inch not to exceed _____ inch.

a) 1/4th, 5/8th

b) 5/16th, 1/2c) 3/16th, 5/16th

d) 3/16th 1/2




d) 3/16th, 1/2

Reference API-653, Paragraph 9.11.2.1 and API-650 3.10.5 or 3.10.6

Q39. Repairs to internal floating roofs shall be made in accordance with the

original construction drawings. To what requirements shall repairs be made if

the original construction drawings are not available?

a) The original construction standardb) Appendix H of API Standard 650

c) Appendix G of API Standard 650

d) Appendix C of API Standard 650


API653: 9.11.3 Self-supporting Roofs

9.11.3.1 The nominal thickness of new roof plate shall be 3/16 in. or the

required plate thickness given in API 650, Section 5.10.5 or Section 5.10.6,

plus any specified corrosion allowance, whichever is greater.9.11.3.2 The details of the roof-to-shell junction shall meet the requirements

of API 650 Section 5 10 5 Section 5 10 6 or Annex F of this standard as




of API 650, Section 5.10.5, Section 5.10.6, or Annex F of this standard, as

applicable, for the intended service.

9.12 Repair of Floating Roofs

9.12.1 External Floating Roofs

Any method of repair is acceptable that will restore the roof to a condition

enabling it to perform as required.9.12.2 Internal Floating Roofs

Repairs to internal floating roofs shall be made in accordance with the original

construction drawings, if available. If the original construction drawings are

not available, the roof repairs shall be in compliance with the requirements of API 650, Annex H.

Q40. To minimize evaporation losses and reduce potential hazard to workers,

no more than ____ of the roof seal system should be out of an in-service tank

at one time.

a) One-eighthb) One-fourth

c) One-half




c) One-half

d) Three-quarters


Q41. Mechanical damage to floating roof perimeter seals shall be repaired or

replaced. How are buckled parts handled?

a) They shall be replacedb) They may be straightened in place

c) They may be heated and bent back into position

d) They may be removed straightened and re-installed


9.13 Repair or Replacement of Floating Roof Perimeter Seals

9.13.1 Primary Seals

Rim-mounted primary shoe seals and toroidal seal systems can be removed,

repaired, or replaced. To minimize evaporation losses and reduce potentialhazard to the workers, no more than one-fourth of the roof seal system

should be out of an in-service tank at one time Temporary spacers to keep




should be out of an in service tank at one time. Temporary spacers to keep

the roof centered shall be used during the repairs. Primary seal systems

mounted partly or fully below the bolting bar or top of the rim usually cannotbe reached to allow removal in service. In this case, in-service repairs are

limited to replacement of the primary seal fabric.

9.13.4 Mechanical DamageDamaged parts shall be repaired or replaced. Prior to taking this action, the

cause of the damage shall be identified and corrected. Buckled parts shall be

replaced, not straightened. Torn seal fabric shall be replaced.

Q42. With regard to installation of primary and secondary seals, what must be

done if the roof rim thickness is less than 0.10 inch.

a) The roof rim shall be thoroughly inspected for damage and corrosion,

if it is satisfactory then nothing further needs to be doneb) It shall be replaced. The new roof rim shall be 3/16 inch thickness

minimum




minimum

c) It shall be replaced. The new roof rim shall be 1/4 inch thickness minimum

d) The tank must be condemned and dismantledReference API-653, Paragraph 9.13.6.2

Q43. What is the maximum hot tap connection permitted in an in-service tank

with a minimum shell thickness of 3/8 inch? The material is of recognizedtoughness.

a) NPS 6

b) NPS 8

c) NPS 14d) NPS 18

Reference API-653, Paragraph 9.14.1.1(a) and Table 9-1

API653: 9.13.6.2 If the roof rim thickness is less than 0.10-in. thick, it shall be

replaced. The new roof rim shall be 3/16-in. thickness, minimum.




Q44. The owner/operator requires a connection to be made in an in-service

tank. The shell material is of unknown toughness and the thickness is 1.25”.

The minimum design metal temperature is 45°F. What is the maximum

diameter hot tap connection that may be installed in this tank?a) NPS 18

b) NPS 14




)

c) NPS 8

d) NPS 4Reference API-653, Paragraph 9.14.1.1(b)(1) and Fig. 9-6

Q45. The minimum height of tank liquid relative to the hot tap location shall be

at least ______ duringthe hot tapping operation.

a) The tank liquid shall be at least 3 feet below the hot tap location

b) The tank liquid shall be at least 1 foot above the hot tap location

c) The tank liquid shall be at least 3 feet above the hot tap locationd) The tank liquid shall be at least 1 foot below the hot tap location


9.14 Hot Taps

9.14.1 General9.14.1.1 The requirements given herein cover the installation of radial hot tap connections on

existing in-service tanks. Hot taps are not permitted on shell material requiring thermal stress

relief as specified in API 650, Section 5.7.4.a) For tank shell plates of recognized toughness, as defined in Section 3, the connection size

and shell thickness limitations are shown in Table 9.1.




b) For tank shell plates of unknown toughness, as defined in Section 3, the following limitations

apply.

1) Nozzles shall be limited to a maximum diameter of 4 in. NPS.2) The shell plate temperature shall be at or above the minimum shell design metal

temperature for the entire hot tapping operation.

3) All nozzles shall be reinforced. The reinforcement shall be calculated per API 650,

Section 5.7.2. The minimum thickness of the reinforcing plate shall be equal to the shell

plate thickness, and the minimum reinforcing plate diameter shall not be less than thediameter of the shell cutout plus 2 in.

4) The maximum height of tank liquid above the hot tap location during the hot tapping

operation shall be such that the hydrostatic tank shell stress is less than 7,000 lbf/in.2 at

the elevation of the hot tap.

9.14.1.2 The minimum height of tank liquid above the hot tap location shall be at least 3 ft during

the hot tapping operation.

9.8 Addition or Replacement of Shell Penetrations

…..

9.8.6 Penetrations larger than 2 in. NPS shall be installed with the use of an

insert plate if the shell plate thickness is greater than 1/2 in. and the shellplate material does not meet the current design metal temperature criteria.

In addition, the following requirement shall be met:




g q

a) the minimum diameter of the insert plate shall be at least twice the

diameter of the penetration or the diameter plus 12 in., whichever isgreater; (Dinsert = 2D or D+12”)

b) when reinforcing plates are used, the minimum diameter of the insert plate


(Dinsert = Dreinforce + 12”)

Q46. It is permissible to perform hot taps on the roof of a tank or within the

gas/vapor space.

a) True

b) FalseReference API-653, Paragraph 9.14.1.4




Q47. The owner/operator requires an NPS 3 ½ nozzle to be installed in an in-

service tank. The tank is 110 feet in diameter, 60 feet maximum fill height,shell thickness at the point of hot tap is .75”, and the material is of unknown

toughness with a minimum design metal temperature of 38°F. This nozzle is

to be installed adjacent to an existing nozzle. What is the minimum spacing

between these nozzles?a) Minimum distance is 22.24”

b) Minimum distance is 9.08” (6.422) (RT)

c) Minimum distance is 19.08”

d) Minimum distance is 2.24”


Q47A. The owner/operator requires an NPS 3 ½ nozzle to be installed in an

in-service tank. The tank is 110 feet in diameter, 60 feet maximum fill height,

shell thickness at the point of hot tap is .75”, and the material is of unknown

toughness with a minimum design metal temperature of 38°

F. This nozzle isto be installed adjacent to an existing nozzle. What is the minimum spacing

between these nozzles?




Note:Data: Material is of unknown toughness with a minimum design metal

temperature of 38°F.

Comments:

NPS 3 ½ nozzle: not allowedHeight above tap point assumed 3’

Skin stress: t= 2.6(3x110)/SE, E= 1566psi (1.566Ksi): OK

9.14.3 Preparatory Work

9.14.3.1 Minimum spacing in any direction (toe-to-toe of welds) between the

hot tap and adjacent nozzles shall be equivalent to the square root of RT

where R (D/2!) is the tank shell radius, in inches, and T is the shell platethickness, in inches.




Q48. When installing a pipe nozzle into an in-service tank, how shall the pipe

nozzle be prepared?

a) The pipe nozzle must be cut to the contour of the tank and prepared for full

fillet weldingb) The pipe nozzle shall be cut to the contour of the tank and beveled to a

depth of not more than 1/3 the nozzle thickness to ensure partial




penetration groove welding

c) The pipe nozzle shall be cut to the contour of the tank and beveled to adepth of not less than 1/3 the nozzle thickness to ensure partial

penetration groove welding

d) The pipe nozzle shall be cut to the contour of the tank and beveled from

the outside for a full penetration weldReference API-653, Paragraph 9.14.5.1

49. After the reinforcing pad is installed, the pad shall be subjected to a

pneumatic test.

a) True

b) False


Q50. After the valve has been installed on the flange, a pressure test of at

least ______ shall be performed on the nozzle prior to mounting the hot tap

machine.

a) The same pressure as the pneumatic test of the reinforcing padb) 1.25 times the hydrostatic head

c) 1.5 times the hydrostatic head

d) 2 0 ti th h d t ti h d (t t f th dd d t f th




d) 2.0 times the hydrostatic head (to account for the added stress of the

machine)Reference API-653, Paragraph 9.14.5.3

API653: 9.14.5.3 After the reinforcing plate has been welded to the shell and

NDE performed, the pad shall be pneumatically tested by the procedure

described in API 650, Section 7.3.4. After the valve has been installed on the

flange, a pressure test at least 1.5 times the hydrostatic head shall be

performed on the nozzle prior to mounting the hot tap machine, which shall be

bolted to the valve. The required pressure for the pressure test shall be at

least the value computed by the following equation:

P(psi) = 1.5H2Gγw

Answers to API-653 Section 9, Repair/Alteration

46 B

47 A48 D

49 A

37 C

38 D39 C

40 B

26 B

27 C28 D

29 C

13 B

14 D15 A

16 B

1 B

2 A3 D

4 C




49 A

50 C

40 B

41 A42 B

43 C

44 D

45 C

29 C

30 A31 A

32 B

33 C

34 B

35 D

36 A

16 B

17 B18 C

19 D

20 C

21 A

22 D

23 B

24 B

25 D

4 C

5 A6 C

7 D

8 B

9 C

10 D

11 A

12 B




Section 10 – Dismantling and ReconstructionQ1. Bottom plates that will be reused shall be cut by de-seaming of lap-welds

or by cutting alongside of the remaining welds at a minimum of _______

away from existing welds.a) One inch

b) Two inches

) F i h




c) Four inches

d) Six inchesReference API-653, Paragraph 10.3.2.1

10.3.2 Bottoms

10.3.2.1 Bottom plates that will be reused shall be cut by deseaming oflapwelds; or by cutting alongside of the remaining welds at a minimum of 2 in.

away from existing welds, except where cuts cross existing weld seams.

Q2. Shell plates may be cut by any of the following methods except

a) Shell rings ½” thick or thinner can be dismantled by cutting through

the weld without removing the heat affected zone

b) Cuts made a minimum of 6” away from existing welds except where cutscross existing welds

c) Cuts made a minimum of 2” away from existing welds except where cuts

cross existing welds




cross existing welds

d) Any shell ring may be dismantled by cutting out existing weld seams andthe heat affected zone of the weld


10.3.3 Shells

10.3.3.1 Tank shell plates may be dismantled using one of the following

methods or a combination thereof. a) Any shell ring may be dismantled by

cutting out existing weld seams and the heat affected zone (HAZ) of the

weld. For the purpose of this method, the minimum HAZ to be removed

will be ½ of the weld metal width or 1/4 in. (6.35mm) , whichever is less,

on both sides of the weld seam.

Q3. API-653 requires that new vertical joints in adjacent shell courses not be

in alignment. What is the minimum offset dimension of these joints?

a) Vertical joints shall be offset a minimum of 5 inches or 5t which ever is

greater b) Vertical joints shall be offset a minimum of 5t where t is the plate thickness

of the thicker course at the point of offset

c) Vertical joints shall be offset a minimum of 5t where t is the plate thickness




c) Vertical joints shall be offset a minimum of 5t where t is the plate thickness

of the thinner course at the point of offset

d) Vertical joints shall be offset a minimum of 5 inches or 5t which ever is less


10.4.2 Welding

10.4.2.1 Provisions shall be made during the reconstruction of a tank to

ensure that weld spacing requirements of Figure 9.1 are maintained. New

vertical joints in adjacent shell courses, made in accordance with 10.3.3.1,

shall not be aligned but shall be offset from each other a minimum

distance of 5t, where t is the plate thickness of the thicker course at the

point of the offset.



Q6. No welding of any kind may be performed when the surfaces to be

welded are wet from rain, snow, or ice. When rain or snow is falling or

during high wind conditions, welding is permitted provided:

a) The welder is secured to an anti-fall device and the work is properlygrounded

b) The welder has agreed to work in such conditions

c) The welder and the work are properly shielded




c) The welder and the work are properly shielded

d) The owner/operator takes full responsibility for the safety of the welder and

the quality of the welds


Q7. According to API-653, no welding is permitted when the temperature of

the base metal is below what value?

a) Base metal temperature below -20°Fb) Base metal temperature below 0°F

c) Base metal temperature below 20°Fd) Base metal temperature below 30°FReference API-653, Paragraph 10.4.2.3

10.4.2.3 No welding of any kind shall be performed when the surfaces of the

parts to be welded are wet from rain, snow, or ice; when rain or snow is falling

on such surfaces; or during periods of high winds unless the welder and the

work are properly shielded. No welding of any kind shall be performed whenthe temperature of the base metal is less than 0°F.

When the temperature of the base metal is between 0°F and 32°F or the

hi k i i f 1 i h b l i hi 3 i f h l h




thickness is in excess of 1 in., the base metal within 3 in. of the place where

welding is to be started shall be heated to a temperature warm to the hand(approximately 140°F) before welding. (See 10.4.4.3 for preheat requirements

for shell plates over 1 1/2-in. thick.)

Q8. If the base metal is greater than 1” thickness or the temperature of the

base metal is between 0°F and 32°F what requirement does API-653

stipulate?

a) The base metal within 3 inches of the weld area shall be heated to a

temperature that is warm to the hand (approximately 180°F)

b) The base metal within 8 inches of the weld area shall be heated to a





temperature that is warm to the hand (approximately 140 F)

c) The base metal within 3 inches of the weld area shall be heated to a


d) The base metal within 8 inches of the weld area shall be heated to a



Q9. What is the maximum permissible undercut of the base metal for vertical

joints?

a) 1/64

b) 1/32

c) 1/19

d) 1/16





, g p

Q10. What is the maximum permissible undercut of the base metal for

horizontal joints?

a) 1/64

b) 1/32

c) 1/19

d) 1/16


API650: 8.5.2 A weld shall be acceptable by visual examination if the

inspection shows the following.

a) There are no crater cracks, other surface cracks or arc strikes in or

adjacent to the welded joints.

b) Maximum permissible undercut is 0.4 mm (1/64 in.) in depth for vertical

butt joints, vertically oriented permanent attachments, attachment welds

for nozzles, manholes, flush-type openings, and the inside shell-to-bottom




, , yp p g ,

welds. For horizontal butt joints, horizontally oriented permanent

attachments, and annular-ring butt joints, the maximum permissible

undercut is 0.8 mm (1/32 in.) in depth.

Q11. What is the maximum weld reinforcement thickness permitted on each

side of the plate for a plate, which is 7/8” thick? Vertical joints Horizontal joints

a) 3/32” 1/8”

b) 1/8” 3/16”

c) 3/16” 1/4

d) 1/4 5/16”

Reference API-653, Paragraph 10.4.2.6 & Table 10-1




g p

Q12. Tack welds used in the assembly of vertical joints in tank shells may

remain in place when the joints are welded manually provided:

a) They are properly cleaned of all weld slag

b) They are sound

c) Liquid Penetrant or Magnetic Particle examination is performed

d) They shall not remain


Q13. What are the requirements for making tack welds according API-653?

a) If the tack weld is to be removed, it must be made using qualified weld

procedure and qualified welder

b) If the tack weld is to remain in place, it must be made using qualified

weld procedure and qualified welder

c) If the tack weld is to remain in place, it may be made using any weld

procedure acceptable to the owner/operator




d) If the tack weld is to be removed, it may be made by any welder wishing to

gain experience provided the process is the SMAW process


Q14. All coatings must be removed from the weld area prior to welding except

weldable primer coatings. What must done if these primer coatings are

used?

a) Weldable primer coatings must also be removed

b) If the coating is applied by brush it may remain provided the application is

performed to a written procedure

c) They shall be included in welding procedure qualification tests for




brand, formulation, and maximum thickness of primer applied

d) They shall be included in welding procedure qualification tests for the

method of application either by brushing or by spraying or a combination of

the two.


Q15. When welding tank bottoms, when should the shell-to-bottom weld be

completed?

a) This joint (except for door sheets) can be welded as soon as the bottom

plates are laid out and welded

b) This joint (except for door sheets) shall be welded as soon as the first

bottom weld joint is completed to prevent distortion

c) This joint (except for door sheets) shall be welded as work progresses




around the tank bottom

d) This joint (except for door sheets) shall be completed before the welding of

bottom joints


10.4.3 Bottoms

10.4.3.1 After the bottom plates are laid out and tacked, they shall be joined

by welding the joints in a sequence that results in the least distortion from

shrinkage and provides, as nearly as possible, a plane surface.

10.4.3.2 The welding of the shell to the bottom (except

for door sheets) shall be completed prior to the




welding of bottom joints.10.4.3.3 Plates shall be held in close contact at all lap joints during welding.

Q16. What is the maximum permissible misalignment of vertical joints in shell

plates that are .9375” thick?

a) .125”

b) .09375”

c) .009375”

d) .0125”





10.4.4 Shells

10.4.4.1 Plates to be joined by butt welding shall be matched accurately and

retained in position during welding. Misalignment in completed vertical

joints over 5/8-in. thick shall not exceed 10 % of the plate thickness, with a

maximum of 1/8 in. (0.125”) Misalignment in joints 5/8-in. thick or less shall

not exceed 1/16 in. Vertical joints shall be completed before the lower

horizontal weld is made.

Q17. What is the maximum permissible misalignment of vertical joints in shell

plates that are .625” thick?

a) .0625”

b) .00625”

c) .125”

d) .0125”





Q18. Vertical joints shall be completed before the lower horizontal weld is

made.

a) True

b) False


Q19. In completing horizontal joints, what is the maximum projection of the

upper plate, beyond the face of the lower plate, at any point for plate

thickness of 1.125”

a) .25”

b) .225”

c) .125”

d) .0125”

R f API 653 P h 10 4 4 2





10.4.4.1 Plates to be joined by butt welding shall be matched accurately and

retained in position during welding.

■ Misalignment in completed vertical joints (>) over 5/8-in. thick shall notexceed 10 % of the plate thickness, with a maximum of 1/8 in.

■ Misalignment in joints (≤) 5/8-in. thick or less shall not exceed 1/16 in.

■ Vertical joints shall be completed before the lower horizontal weld is made.

Q20. When welding horizontal and vertical joints constructed of material that

is over 1.5” thick, based on the thickness of the thicker part, what is the

required preheat temperature?

a) Preheating is not required

b) 140°Fc) 200°F

d) 300°FReference API 653 Paragraph 10 4 4 3





Preheating

10.4.2.3

1) No welding of any kind shall be performed when the temperature of the

base metal is less than 0°F.2) When the temperature of the base metal is between 0°F and 32°F or the

thickness is in excess of 1 in., the base metal within 3 in. of the place where welding is to be

started shall be heated to a temperature warm to the hand (approximately




started shall be heated to a temperature warm to the hand (approximately

140°F) before welding.3) When the temperature of the base metal is between 0 °F and 32 °F or the thickness is in

excess of 1 in., the base metal within 3 in. of the place where welding is to

be started shall be heated to a temperature warm to the hand

(approximately 140°F) before welding.

10.4.4.3

4) For horizontal and vertical joints in tank shell courses constructed of

material over 1½ in. thick (based on the thickness of the thicker plate at

the joint), multi-pass weld procedures are required, with no pass more

than 3/4-in. thick permitted. A minimum preheat of 200°F is required of

these welds.

Preheat 0°F ° ° °




0 F - 32 F ”: 140 F>1”: 140°F >1½”: 200°F



Grilled Lamb at 200°F




Grilled Lamb at 200°F




Afghanistan Grilled Chicken Rice




Afghanistan Stewed Lamb c/w Rice




Q21. When shall measurements be taken to verify tolerances of

reconstructed tanks?

a) After hydrostatic testing

b) Before hydrostatic testing

c) After lay out of all plates

d) After fit-up and tack welding used for alignment purposes





Q22. What is the maximum out-of-plumbness of the top of the shell relative tothe bottom of the shell of a tank with a total height of 62.25 feet?

a) 7.47”

b) .6225”

c) 6.25”d) 5”


10.5.2 Plumbness

10.5.2.1 The maximum out-of-plumbness of the top of the shell relative to the bottom of the shell

shall not exceed 1/100 of the total tank height, with a maximum of 5 in. The 1/100 criteria, with a

maximum of 5 in., shall also apply to fixed roof columns. For tanks with internal floating roofs,

apply the criteria of this section or API 650, Section 7.5.2 and Annex H, Section H.4.1.1,

whichever is more stringent.

Q23. An aboveground storage tank is 115 feet in diameter. What is the

maximum or minimum radius permitted measured at one foot above the shell-

to-bottom weld? Maximum/ Minimum

a) 115.75” 114.25”

b) 690.75” 689.25” (Radius!)

c) 1380.75” 1379.25”

d) 115.5” 114.5”





g p

Q24. An aboveground reconstructed tank is 126.5 feet in diameter. What is

the maximum or minimum radius permitted measured at the second shell

course up from the bottom? Maximum/ Minimum

a) 759.75” 758.25b) 761.25” 756.75” (Radius!)

c) 1520.25” 1515.75”

d) 128.75” 124.25”


10.5.3 Roundness

Radii measured at 1 ft above the shell-to-bottom weld shall not exceed the

tolerances shown in Table 10.2.

Radius tolerances measured higher than one foot above the shell-to-bottom

weld shall not exceed three times the tolerances given in Table 10.2.







Q25. Peaking shall not exceed ½”. This is measured using a horizontal

sweep board of what dimensions?

a) The sweep board shall be 48” long and made to the true outside radius of

the tank

b) The sweep board shall be 48” long and made to the true inside radius ofthe tank

c) The sweep board shall be 36” long and made to the true outside radius of

the tank




d) The sweep board shall be 36” long and made to the true inside radius ofthe tank


Q26. Banding shall not exceed ____ with a vertical 36” long sweep board.a) One half inch

b) Three quarter inch

c) One inch

d) One and one eighth inchReference API-653, Paragraph 10.5.5

Q27. The top of the concrete ring wall of a reconstructed tank, that is 115 feet

in diameter, must be level within± 1/8” in any 30 feet of circumference.

What is the tolerance measured from the average elevation?

a) ±1/8”

b) ±3/16”c) ±1/2”

d) ±1/4”

Reference API-653, Paragraph 10.5.6.2(a)




10.5.6.2 Where foundations true to a horizontal plane are specified,

tolerances shall be as follows:

a) where concrete ringwalls are provided under the shell, the top of the

ringwall shall be level within ±1/8 inches in any 30 ft of the circumferenceand within ±1/4 inches in the total circumference measured from the

average elevation;

b) where concrete ringwalls are not provided, the foundation under the shell

shall be level within ±1/8 in. in any 10 ft of circumference and within ±1/2in. in the total circumference measured from the average elevation.

Q28. Where concrete ring walls are not provided, the foundation under the

shell shall be level to within what tolerances?

a) ±1/8” in any 30’ of the circumference and ±1/2” in the total circumference

measured from the average elevation

b) ±1/8” in any 10’ of the circumference and ±1/2” in the total circumferencemeasured from the average elevation

c) ±1/8” in any 10’ of the circumference and ±1/4” in the total circumference





d) ±1/8” in any 30’ of the circumference and ±1/4” in the total circumferencemeasured from the average elevation

Reference API-653, Paragraph 10.5.6.2(b)



10.5.6.3 For foundations specified to be sloped from a horizontal plan,

elevation differences about the circumference shall be calculated from the

specified high point. Actual elevation differences about the circumference

shall be determined from the actual elevation of the specified high point.

The actual elevation differences shall not deviate from the calculateddifferences by more than the following tolerances:

a) where concrete ringwalls are provided ±1/8 inches in any 30 ft of

circumference and ±1/4 inches in the total circumference;

b) h t i ll t id d ±1/8 i h i 10 ft f




b) where concrete ringwalls are not provided, ±1/8 inches in any 10 ft ofcircumference and ±1/2 inches in the total circumference.

Q30. For foundations specified to be sloped from a horizontal plane, theactual elevation shall not deviate from the calculated differences by more

than which of the following where concrete ring walls are not provided?

a) 1/8” in any 30’ of the circumference and 1/2” in the total

circumference measured from the average elevationb) ±1/8” in any 10’ of the circumference and ±1/2” in the total circumference

c) ±1/8” in any 10’ of the circumference and ±1/2” in the total circumference


d) ±1/8” i 30’ f th i f d ±1/4” i th t t l i f




d) ±1/8” in any 30’ of the circumference and ±1/4” in the total circumferenceReference API-653, Paragraph 10.5.6.3(b)

Answers to API-653 Section 10, Dismantling & Reconstruction

21 b

22 d

23 b

24 b

25 c

11 b

12 d

13 b

14 c

15 d

1 b

2 c

3 b

4 b

5 d




26 c

27 d

28 b

29 d

30 b

16 b

17 a

18 a

19 c

20 c

6 c

7 b

8 c

9 a

10 b

Section 11 – WeldingQ1. Welding procedure specifications and welders and welding operators

shall be qualified in accordance with __________.

a) Original code of construction

b) Owner/operator’s specification

c) Section IX of the ASME Code

d) Repair organization’s specifications





Q2. According to API Standard 653, if the material specification for the steel

from an existing tank is unknown or obsolete what must be done?

a) The material can not be used for tank reconstruction

b) Test coupons for the WPS shall be taken from the actual plate to be used

c) Test coupons for the WPS may be taken from a similar material of

known specification

d) Test coupons for the WPS shall only be taken from weld filler metal and

not from the base metalReference API-653, Paragraph 11.1.2

11.1 Welding Qualifications11.1.1 Welding procedure specifications (WPSs) and welders and welding

operators shall be qualified in accordance with Section IX of the ASME Code,

the additional requirements of API 650, Section 9, and this standard. Welding

procedures for ladder and platform assemblies, handrails, stairways, andother miscellaneous assemblies, but not their attachments to the tank, shall

comply with either AWS D1.1, AWS D1.6, or Section IX of the ASME Code,

including the use of SWPSs.




11.1.2 Weldability of steel from existing tanks shall be verified. If the material

specification for the steel from an existing tank is unknown or obsolete, test

coupons for the welding procedure qualification shall be taken from the actual

plate to be used.

Q3. Each welder and welding operator shall be assigned ________.a) Only one joint to ensure traceability

b) A specific welding machine

c) An identifying number, letter, or symbol

d) Weld joints on only one side of the tankReference API-653, Paragraph 11.2.1

Q4. How does each welder and welding operator identify the welds produced

by them?




by them?a) Each welder and welding operator’s identification mark shall be hand

or machine stamped adjacent to each completed weld.

b) Each welder and welding operator shall inform the owner/operator which

welds he or she completedc) Each welder and welding operator shall show the inspector exactly which

welds they completed

d) Each welder and welding operator shall inform the owner/operator which

welds they will be making prior to the start of such weldingReference API-653, Paragraph 11.2.2

Q5. At what intervals must the welder and welding operator’s identification bestamped adjacent to the completed welds?

a) Identification shall be at intervals not to exceed 9 feet

b) Identification shall be at intervals not to exceed 7.5 feet

c) Identification shall be at intervals not to exceed 6 feetd) Identif ication shall be at intervals not to exceed 3 feet


Q6 In lieu of stamping a record may be kept that identifies the welder or




Q6. In lieu of stamping, a record may be kept that identifies the welder orwelding operator for each welded joint.

a) True

b) False


Q7. What welds do not require welder’s identification?a) All welds require identification

b) Vertical welded joints which are located within the final shell course since

this course will be subjected to relatively low stresses

c) Roof plate welds and flange-to-nozzle-neck weldsd) Roof plate welds and bottom plate welds





Answers to API-653 Section 11, WeldingQuestion Number Answer

1 C

2 B

3 C4 A

5 D

6 A

7 C




7 C

Section 12 – Examination and TestingQ1. Nondestructive examination procedures, qualifications, and acceptance

criteria is required for VT, MT, UT, PT, and RT methods and must be in

accordance with what Code or Standard?

a) ASME Code Section V, Nondestructive examination

b) API Standard 650 only

c) API Standard 650 and the supplements given in API-653

d) Owner/operator’s specifications

Reference: API-653 Paragraph 12 1 1 1




Reference: API 653, Paragraph 12.1.1.1

Q2. Personnel performing nondestructive examination shall be qualified inaccordance with _____.

a) API Standard 650 and the supplemental requirements of API-653

b) ASME Code Section V, Nondestructive Examination

c) SNT-TC-1Ad) The owner/operator’s specifications


Q3 When it is necessary to install a hot tap connection or add a reinforcing




Q3. When it is necessary to install a hot tap connection or add a reinforcingplate to an existing unreinforced penetration, API 653 requires what type,

extent, and purpose of examination.

a) Magnetic particle examination for slight sub-surface discontinuities shall be

performed in an area equal to twice the diameter of the openingb) Radiographic examination for cracking shall be performed in the

immediate area

c) Ultrasonic examination for cracking shall be performed in the immediate

aread) Ultrasonic examination for lamination shall be performed in the

immediate area


Q4. Completed welds attaching nozzle neck to shell, and reinforcing plate toshell and nozzle neck, shall be examined by _______.

a) Ultrasonic or Radiography

b) Magnetic Particle or Liquid Penetrant

c) Visual examination or Liquid Penetrantd) Ultrasonic or Magnetic Particle





API653: 12.1.1.2 Personnel performing NDE shall be qualified in accordance

with API 650, Section 8, and any supplemental

requirements given herein.

Q5. How and when does API Standard 653 require the examination of weldsof completed stress relieved assemblies?

a) Completed welds of stress relieved assemblies shall be examined visually

only after stress relief and hydrostatic test

b) Completed welds of stress relieved assemblies shall be examined visuallyas well as by ultrasonic methods after stress relief but before hydrostatic

test

c) Completed welds of stress relieved assemblies shall be examined

visually as well as by magnetic particle or liquid penetrant methods




sua y as e as by ag e c pa c e o qu d pe e a e odsafter stress relief but before hydrostatic test

d) Completed welds of stress relieved assemblies shall be examined visually

or by radiography after stress relief but before hydrostatic test


Keywords:

VI

UT RT

MT/DP

Q6. Completed butt welds between insert plates and the shell require whattype and extent of examination?

a) Complete radiography

b) Spot Radiography

c) Random Radiographyd) Random Spot Radiography


Q7. In repairing butt weld flaws, what type and extent of examination is




p g , yprequired by API-653?

a) Random examination by radiography or ultrasonic methods of the full

length of repair

b) Examined full length of the repair by liquid penetrant or magnetic particlemethods

c) Examined at three foot intervals by radiography or ultrasonic methods

d) Examined full length of the repair by radiography or ultrasonic

methodsReference: API-653, Paragraph 12.1.3.2

Q8. Completed repairs of fillet welds shall be examined over their full lengthby the appropriate nondestructive method listed in API-653.

a) True

b) False


Q9. With regards to new welds attaching shell plate to shell plate, what

method(s) of examination is/are required on the completed weld?

a) Visual




)b) Visual and Radiography

c) Visual and magnetic particle or liquid penetrant

d) Visual and ultrasonic


Q10. With regards to new welds attaching shell plate to shell plate for platethickness greater than one inch, what additional extent and method of

examination is required by API-653?

a) The back gouged surface of the root and final pass (each side) shall be

examined for its complete length by the Inspector b) The back gouged surface of the root and final pass (each side) shall be

examined for its complete length visually

c) The back gouged surface of the root and final pass (each side) shall

be examined for its complete length by magnetic particle or liquidt t




p g y g p qpenetrant

d) The back gouged surface of the root and final pass (each side) shall be

examined for its complete length by ultrasonic


Q11. New welding on the shell-to-bottom joint shall be inspected for its entirelength by _____ and _______ or ________.

a) Visual examination, liquid penetrant , magnetic particle

b) Right-angle vacuum box and solution film, light diesel oil

c) Visual examination, ultrasonic, eddy currentd) Visual examination, wet fluorescent magnetic particle, helium tracer gas


12.1.6 Shell-to-bottom Weld12 1 6 1 N ldi th h ll t b tt j i t h ll b i d f it




12.1.6.1 New welding on the shell-to-bottom joint shall be examined for its

entire length by using a right-angle vacuum box and a solution film, or by

applying light diesel oil. Additionally, the first weld pass shall be examined by

applying light diesel oil to the side opposite the first weld pass made. The oilshall be allowed to stand at least 4 hours (preferably overnight) and then the

weld examined for wicking action. The oil shall be removed before the weld is

completed.

Q12. In applying light diesel oil to the opposite side of the first pass of newshell-to-bottom joints, how long must the oil remain on the weld and what

is the weld inspected for?

a) The oil shall be allowed to stand at least four hours and the weld

inspected for wicking actionb) The oil shall be allowed to stand at least three hours and the weld

inspected for wicking action

c) The oil shall be allowed to stand at least two hours and the weld inspected

for wicking actiond) Th il h ll b ll d t t d t l t h d th ld i t d




d) The oil shall be allowed to stand at least one hour and the weld inspected

for wicking action


Q13. The existing weld at the shell-to-bottom joint shall be examined visuallyand magnetic particle or liquid penetrant methods, for the full length under a

welded-on patch plate. How much additional shell-to-bottom joint must be

examined?

a) Three inches on each side of the patch plateb) Six inches on each side of the patch plate

c) nine inches on each side of the patch plate

d) twelve inches on each side of the patch plate





12.1.6.3 The existing weld at the shell-to-bottom joint shall be examined byvisual, as well as by magnetic particle or liquid penetrant methods, for the full

length under a welded-on patch plate. An additional 6 in. of the shell-to-

bottom joint on each side of the welded-on patch plate shall be examined

similarly before placement of the repair plate to assure weld integrity and toconfirm the absence of weld cracks.




Q14. How and to what extent are newly welded bottom joints tested?a) Newly welded bottom joints shall be tested their entire length using liquid

penetrant

b) Newly welded bottom joints shall be tested their entire length using a

vacuum box and a solution f ilm, or a tracer gas and detector c) Newly welded bottom joints shall be tested their entire length using visual

and ultrasonic examination

d) Newly welded bottom joints shall be tested their entire length using wet

fluorescent magnetic particle examinationReference: API 653 Paragraph 12 1 7 1





Q15. What are the requirements, regarding examination, of a welded-on

patch plate in the critical zone?a) The final weld shall be examined by radiography over its entire length

b) Root and final pass shall be examined by radiography over its entire length

c) The root and final pass shall be examined visually over its entire length

d) The root and final pass shall be examined visually and by magneticparticle of liquid penetrant method over its entire length


Q16. API-653 requires the number and location of radiographs to inaccordance with API-650. In addition, API-653 requires how many and

what location for new or repaired shell vertical joints?

a) For new or repaired shell vertical joints one radiograph shall be taken in

each fifty foot lengthb) For new or repaired shell vertical joints one radiograph shall be taken in

each twenty-five foot length

c) For new or repaired shell vertical joints one radiograph shall be taken

in every jointd) For new or repaired shell vertical joints one radiograph shall be taken in




d) For new or repaired shell vertical joints one radiograph shall be taken in

every other joint


Q17. API-653 requires the number and location of radiographs to inaccordance with API-650. In addition, API-653 requires how many and

what location for new or repaired shell horizontal joints?

a) For new or repaired shell horizontal joints one radiograph shall be

taken in each twenty f ive feet of horizontal joint including thoserequired at intersections of vertical and horizontal joints

b) For new or repaired shell horizontal joints one radiograph shall be taken in

each twenty five feet of horizontal joint not including those required at

intersections of vertical and horizontal jointsc) For new or repaired shell horizontal joints one radiograph shall be taken in




c) For new or repaired shell horizontal joints one radiograph shall be taken in

each fifty feet of horizontal joint including those required at intersections of

vertical and horizontal joints

d) For new or repaired shell horizontal joints one radiograph shall be taken ineach fifty feet of horizontal joint not including those required at

intersections of vertical and horizontal joints Reference:

API-653, Paragraph 12.2.1.2

12.2.1.2 For horizontal joints:

a) new replacement shell plates to new shell plates, no additional

radiographs required, other than those required by API 650, Section

8.1.2.3 and Figure 8-11 for new construction;

b) new replacement shell plates to existing shell plates, one additionalradiograph for each 50 ft of repaired horizontal weld;

c) repaired joints in existing shell plates shall have one additional

radiograph taken for each 50 ft of repaired horizontal weld.




Q18. API-653 requires two radiographs to be taken at each new orreplacement intersection between vertical and horizontal joints. One to

comply with the requirement for vertical joints and one to comply with the

requirements for horizontal joints.

a) Trueb) False


Q19. For reconstructed tanks, each butt-welded annular plate joint shall beradiographed in accordance with which of the following?




radiographed in accordance with which of the following?

a) API-650

b) ASME - Section V

c) API-653 and API-575d) Owner/operator's specifications




Q21. Radiographic examination is required for new and replaced shell insertplate and door shell welds. What are the minimum number and location of

such radiographs?

a) Circular plates - four radiographs are required, one at each quadrant

b) Square or rectangular - two radiographs are required in each vertical jointand one in a horizontal joint

c) Circular plates - one radiograph and for square or rectangular - one in a

vertical joint, one in a horizontal joint, and one in each corner

d) Circular and square of rectangular new or replaced insert platesrequire 100% examination




q


12.2.1.6.1 For circular replacement plates, a minimum of one radiograph shall betaken regardless of thickness. When the circular replacement plate is located in a shell

plate with thickness exceeding 1 in., the weld shall be fully radiographed.

12.2.1.6.2 For square and rectangular replacement plates, at least one radiograph

shall be taken in a vertical joint, and at least one in a horizontal joint, and one in each

corner. When the square or rectangular replacement plate is located in a shell plate

with thickness exceeding 1 in., the vertical joints shall be fully radiographed.

Q22. What is the minimum diagnostic length of each radiograph?a) The minimum diagnostic length of each radiograph shall be six

inches

b) The minimum diagnostic length of each radiograph shall be three inches

c) The minimum diagnostic length of each radiograph shall be nine inchesd) The minimum diagnostic length of each radiograph shall be twelve inches


Q23. If the radiograph of an intersection between a new and old welddiscloses discontinuities, which are unacceptable by current standards,




, p y ,

what must be done?

a) The unacceptable welds must be removed and made in accordance with

current standardsb) The unacceptable welds shall be repaired to bring them in to compliance

c) The existing welds may be evaluated according to the original

standard of construction

d) The existing welds shall be evaluated using the acceptance criteria of ASME Section VIII


Q24. Radiographs and radiograph records of all repaired welds shall bemarked with what letter(s)?

a) "RW" (Repaired Weld)

b) "WR" (Weld Repair)

c) "A" (Accepted repair)d) "R"


Q25. Hydrostatic testing is required for reconstructed tanks and tanks thathave undergone major repairs or alterations. What is the minimum length of




g j g

time the hydrostatic test must be held?

a) The time is up to the discretion of the Inspector

b) Twenty-four hoursc) The time is up to the discretion of the owner/operator

d) Twelve hours


Q26. Major repair and major alteration is defined by API-653 by which of thefollowing?

a) Cutting, addition, removal and/or replacement of the annular plate ring

only if the plate is less than 1/2" thick

b) Cutting, addit ion, removal an/or replacement of the annular plate ring,the shell-to-bottom weld, or a sizeable portion of the shell (?)

c) Cutting, addition, removal an/or replacement of the annular plate ring, the

shell-to-bottom weld, or a 100 square inch portion of the shell

d) Cutting, addition, removal an/or replacement of the annular plate ring, theshell-to-bottom weld, or a sizeable portion of the shell in shell material




greater than 3/4" thick


Q27. Of the following, which would not be considered a major repair oralteration?

a) The installation of a shell penetration NPS 12 above the design liquid

level

b) The installation of a shell penetration NPS 12 below the design liquid levelc) Jacking of a tank shell

d) The complete of partial removal and replacement of more than 12 inches

of vertical weld joining shell plates, or radial weld joining the annular plate

ringReference: API-653, Paragraph 12.3.1.2




Q28. A full hydrostatic test of the tank is not required for major repairs and

alterations when certain conditions are met. Where would you look forthese conditions?

a) API-650 Paragraph 5.3.6

b) API-RP-575 Paragraph 7.5

c) API-510 Paragraph 6.4d) API-653 Paragraph 12.3.2




Q30. If the owner/operator elects to utilize a fitness-for-service evaluation toexempt a repair form hydrostatic testing, who perform the evaluation?

a) Fitness-for-service evaluations may not be used to exempt hydrostatic

testing following a repair

b) The Authorized Inspector c) Engineer experienced in storage tank design and the evaluation

methods used

d) Exemption of hydrostatic testing for repairs can only be given by the

jurisdictionReference: API-653, Paragraph 12.3.2.6




Q31. When settlement is anticipated, a tank that is to be hydrostatically testedshall:

a) Have the plumbness checked

b) Have the water tested to ensure it is potable

c) Have the perimeter dike system checkedd) Have the foundation checked for settlement


Q32. The tank settlement shall initially be surveyed with the tank empty. Whatis the minimum number of settlement measurement points for a tank which is

110 f t i di t ?




110 feet in diameter?

a) Minimum number of settlement points is 11

b) Minimum number of settlement points is 32c) Minimum number of settlement points is 8

d) Minimum number of settlement points is 12


N is the minimum required number of settlement measurement points, but noless than eight. All values of N shall be rounded to the next higher even whole

number. The maximum spacing between settlement measurement points

shall be 32 ft.




Q33. The tank settlement shall initially be surveyed with the tank empty. Whatis the minimum number of settlement measurement points for a tank which is

60 feet in diameter?

a) Minimum number of settlement points is 12

b) Minimum number of settlement points is 6c) Minimum number of settlement points is 8

d) Minimum number of settlement points is 4


Q34. Regardless of the minimum number of settlement measurement points

required what is the maximum spacing between settlement measurement




required, what is the maximum spacing between settlement measurement

points?

a) 24 feetb) 32 feet

c) 36 feet

d) 40 feet


Q35. When shall settlement be measured?a) Settlement shall be measured after the water reaches 100% of test level

and again when the tank is emptied

b) Settlement shall be measured during filling and when the water reaches

80% of test levelc) Settlement shall be measured during filling and when the water

reaches 100% of test level

d) Settlement shall be measured during filling and when the water reaches

100% of test level and during emptying of the tankReference: API-653, Paragraph 12.5.2




Answers to API-653 Section 12, Examination and Testing

31 d

32 a33 c

34 b

35 c

21 c

22 a23 c

24 d

25 b

26 b

27 a

11 b

12 a13 b

14 b

15 d

16 c

17 d

1 c

2 a3 d

4 b

5 c

6 a

7 d




27 a

28 d

29 c

30 c

17 d

18 b

19 a

20 d

7 d

8 a

9 b

10 c

Section 13 – MarkingQ1. Tanks that are reconstructed, in accordance with API-653 shall be

identified by a corrosion resistant metal nameplate. What is the size

requirement for the letters and numerals to be used on this nameplate and

how are they applied to the nameplate?a) Letters and numerals not less than 1/2" high shall be embossed, engraved,

or stamped in the plate

b) Letters and numerals not less than 1/4" high shall be embossed,

engraved, or stamped in the platec) Letters and numerals not less than 5/32" high shall be painted on the plate

or embossed engra ed or stamped in the plate




or embossed, engraved, or stamped in the plate

d) Letters and numerals not less than 5/32" high shall be embossed,

engraved, or stamped in the plateReference: API-653, Paragraph 13.1.1

13.1.1.1 Tanks reconstructed in accordance with this standard shall be

identified by a corrosion-resistant metal nameplate similar to that shown inFigure 13.1. Letters and numerals not less than 5/32 in. high shall be

embossed, engraved, or stamped in the plate to indicate information as

follows:

Q2. Where should the new nameplate be attached and what should be donewith the existing nameplate

a) The new nameplate shall be attached to the tank shell adjacent to the

existing nameplate. The existing nameplate shall be cleaned or suitably

reconditionedb) The new nameplate shall be attached to the tank shell adjacent to the

existing nameplate. The existing nameplate shall be left attached to

the tank

c) The new nameplate shall be attached to the tank shell adjacent to theexisting nameplate. The existing nameplate shall be removed and placed

in the tank record file




in the tank record file

d) The new nameplate shall be attached to the tank shell adjacent to the

existing nameplate. The existing nameplate shall then be discardedReference: API-653, Paragraph 13.1.2

Q3. All but which of the following information shall be made part of theowner/operator's records for aboveground storage tanks?

a) Names of all operators of the tank

b) Calculations

c) Construction and repair drawingsd) Additional supporting data

Reference: API-653, Paragraph 13.2.1, 13.2.2, 13.2.3




Answers to API-653 Section 13, Marking


1 D

2 B3 A




Appendix B – Evaluation of Tank Bottom SettlementQ1. External measurements for tank settlement shall be taken at points

having a maximum spacing of ____ around the circumference.

a) 24 feet

b) 28 feetc) 32 feet

d) 36 feet

Reference: API-653 Appendix B, Paragraph B.2.1 and Figure B-1




Q2. Regardless of tank size, what is the minimum number of settlement pointmeasurements?

a) Four

b) Eight

c) Twelved) Based on the formula N = D/10





Q3. Internal measurement for tank bottom settlement taken across thediameter of the tank must be taken at what maximum spacing?

a) 10 feet

b) 24 feet

c) 32 feetd) 4 feet


Q4. Which of the following is not listed as settlement component?a) Uniform settlement

b) Rigid body tilting of a tank (planar tilt)




) g y g (p )

c) Out-of-plane settlement (differential settlement)

d) Soil undermining (total tank sinking)

Q5. What type of settlement is depicted here?a) Bottom settlement near tank shell

b) Edge settlement

c) Localized bottom remote from tank shell

d) Planar settlementReference: API-653 Appendix B & Fig. B-5

➪




Q6. Using the formula in B-3.2, determine the maximum permissibledeflection (out of plane distortion) for a tank with the following data reported.

■ D?: Diameter 110 feet

■ H: Height 60 feet

■ E: Material Carbon Steel (Young's modulus = 29,000,000 psi)■ Y: Yield strength 30,000psi

■ L: Arc length between measurements 31.4 feet

a) S = .09 feetb) S = .9 feet

c) S = 9 feet




d) S = .009 feet

Reference: API-653 Appendix B Paragraph B.3.2

Smax in feet = 31.42 x 30000 x 11/ 2(29 x106 x 60) = 0.093’

Q7. What is the maximum depth of a local depression in a tank bottom if theradius of an inscribed circle is equal to 7.5 feet?

a) BB = .2775 inches

b) BB = 2.775 inches

c) BB = 27.75 inchesd) BB = .02775 inches

Reference: API-653 Appendix B Paragraph B.3.3

B.3.3 Internal Bottom Settlements or BulgesMeasure the bulge or depression. The permissible bulge or depression is

given by the following equation (see Note).




BB

= 0.37R

whereBB

is maximum height of bulge or depth of local depression, in inches;

R is radius of inscribed circle in bulged area or local depression, in feet.

Answers to API-653 Appendix B, Tank Bottom Settlement


1 C

2 B3 A

4 D

5 B

6 A7 B







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