US History EOC Review

Civil War and Reconstruction

Understand the causes, course, and consequences of the Civil War and Reconstruction and its effects on the

American people.

Which statement is best supported by the data in the table?

A.the Confederate troops lost the Civil War as a result of their higher numbers of injuries and fatalitiesB.the Union army had better generals during the Civil WarC.the Civil War had more casualties than any other warD.more soldiers died from disease than from wounds

One way that “Bleeding Kansas,” the Dred Scott decision, and John Brown’s raid on Harper’s Ferry had a similar effect on the United States was that these events

A.ended conflict over slavery in the territoriesB.eased tensions between the North and the SouthC.contributed to the formation of the Whig partyD.made sectional compromise more difficult

The Civil War affected the northern economy by

A.causing a severe depressionB.increasing unemployment ratesC.decreasing demand for agricultural productsD.stimulating industrialization

As the Civil War began, President Lincoln stated that his primary goal was to

A.end slaveryB.set new national boundariesC.increase congressional powersD.preserve the Union

The Missouri Compromise (1820), the Compromise of 1850, and the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854) were all efforts to

A.end fighting between Midwestern farmers and Native American IndiansB.encourage manufacturing in the WestC.increase the number of people who voted in presidential electionsD.settle disputes over the spread of slavery to the western territories

Many Southern states tried to limit the effects of Radical Reconstruction by

A.adopting federal laws mandating segregation B.enacting Jim Crow lawsC.abolishing the Southern sharecropping systemD.securing passage of new amendments to the US Constitution

Which term refers to the idea that settlers had the right to decide whether slavery would be legal in their territory?

A.nullificationB.sectionalismC.popular sovereigntyD.southern secession

In the 1850s, why did many runaway slaves go to Canada?

A.they feared being drafted into the Northern armyB.the Fugitive Slave Act kept them at risk in the USC.more factory jobs were available in CanadaD.Northern abolitionists refused to help fugitive slaves

What was a common purpose of the three amendments added to the United States Constitution between 1865 and 1870?

A.extending suffrage to Southern womenB.reforming the sharecropping systemC.granting rights to African AmericansD.protecting rights of Southerners accused of treason

The Radical Republicans in Congress opposed President Abraham Lincoln’s plan for Reconstruction because Lincoln

A.called for the imprisonment of most Confederate leadersB.rejected the idea of harsh punishments for the SouthC.planned to keep Northern troops in the South after the warD.demanded immediate civil and political rights for formerly enslaved persons

Which action marked the end of Reconstruction in the United States?

A.ratification of the 14th amendmentB.withdrawal of federal troops from the SouthC.creation of the Freedmen’s BureauD.impeachment of President Andrew Johnson

Constitutional amendments adopted during Reconstruction were intended to

A.provide legal and political rights for African AmericansB.end property and religious qualifications for votingC.correct problems with the electoral college systemD.limit the number of terms of the president

In the ten years following the Civil War, a large number of former slaves earned a living by becoming

A.conductors on the Underground RailroadB.workers in Northern factoriesC.sharecroppers on Southern farmsD.gold miners in California

Which situation was the most immediate result of Abraham Lincoln’s election of the presidency in 1860?

A.Kansas and Nebraska joined the Union as free statesB.a constitutional amendment was adopted to end slaveryC.Missouri entered the Union as a slave stateD.several southern states seceded from the Union

What was the primary goal of President Lincoln’s post-Civil policy?

A.establishing military districts in the SouthB.extending land ownership to African American menC.restoring Southern representation in CongressD.arresting military leaders of the Confederacy

The data shown in the graphs best support the conclusion that the North

A.was better prepared economically to fight the Civil WarB.lagged behind the South in bank depositsC.produced more agricultural products than the SouthD.lacked several important resources to fight the war

The South won many battled and the Civil War lasted four years. These two facts support the conclusion that

A.the Underground Railroad was important to the Southern causeB.factors other than those shown in the graphs were important C.the North was more dependent on foreign aid than the SouthD.personal wealth was a key factor in determining the outcome of the war

What is the main idea of this cartoon from the Reconstruction era?

A.Southern society was oppressed by Radical Republican policiesB.military force was necessary to stop Southern secessionC.United States soldiers forced women in the South to work in factoriesD.sharecropping was an economic burden for women after the Civil War

Which congressional action led to the Southern viewpoint expressed in this cartoon?

A.passage of the Homestead ActB.strengthening of the Fugitive Slave LawsC.military occupation of the former Confederate statesD.ending the Freedmen’s Bureau

What is the most accurate title for this map?A.Closing the FrontierB.Results of ReconstructionC.A Nation DividedD.Compromise of 1850

The Supreme Court ruling in Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857) helped to increase sectional conflict because the decision

A.denied Congress the power to regulate slavery in the territoriesB.allowed for the importation of enslaved persons for ten yearsC.prohibited slavery in lands west of the Mississippi RiverD.gave full citizenship to all enslaved persons

The Reconstruction plans of President Lincoln and President Johnson included a provision for the

A.resumption of full participation in Congress by southern statesB.long-term military occupation of the ConfederacyC.payment of war reparations by Southern statesD.harsh punishment of former Confederate officials

The most direct effect of poll taxes and literacy tests on African Americans was to

A.prevent them from votingB.limit their access to public facilitiesC.block their educational opportunitiesD.deny them economic advancements

Following Reconstruction, the passage of Jim Crow laws in the South limited the effectiveness of

A.the 14th and 15th amendmentsB.the Freedmen’s BureauC.Black CodesD.tenant farming and sharecropping

Literacy tests and poll taxes were often used to

A.enforce constitutional amendments added after the Civil WarB.limit voter participation by African AmericansC.promote equal educational opportunities for minority personsD.provide job training for freedmen

During the Reconstruction Era (1865-1877), the 15th amendment was adopted to grant African Americans

A.educational opportunitiesB.economic equalityC.freedom of speechD.voting rights

Abolitionists in the pre-Civil War period were most likely to support the

A.removal of the Cherokee Indians from GeorgiaB.passage of the Fugitive Slave ActC.activities of the Underground RailroadD.use of popular sovereignty in the territories

The institution of slavery was formally abolished in the United States by the

A.Compromise of 1850B.Emancipation Proclamation of 1863C.creation of the Freedmen’s Bureau in 1865D.ratification of the 13th Amendment in 1865