Módulo: Comunicación productiva en ingles

Unidad 2.2.1 Objetivo de Aprendizaje:

Expresa acuerdos y desacuerdos conforme estructuras gramaticales y vocabulario propios que indiquen resolución o resultado.

Contenido: Modales de Obligación: Should, Shouldn´t,

Ought to Have to, Don´t

Have to, Must, Mustn’t

Modales de Expresión de Probabilidad: May, Might

PSP Blanca Flores Martínez.

GIVING

EXPRESSING

EXPRESSING PROHIBITIONS

Present/future situations:

Advice:should or shouldn’tought to*ought to (not common in negative form)

Obligation:Must / Have to (He/She/It) Has toProhibition: Mustn’tLack of NecessityDon’t have toDoesn’t have to (He/She/It)

We use should and shouldn't to give advice or to talk about what we think is right or wrong.

You should means something like I think it is a good idea for you to do it.

You shouldn't means something like I think it is a bad idea for you to do it.

Should is used to express the opinion of a speaker and often follows I think… or I don't think…

Should and Shouldn't - Use

-She should to get some coffee.

-She should going get some fresh air to help her wake up.

She should get some coffee.

simple form!

I don’t feel well today.

-You should stay home and rest.

-You ought to call in sick to work.

I’m failing my math

class.

-You should get a tutor to help you.

-You ought to talk to your teacher to see if you can do any extra work.

-You should improve your grade or your parents will be very upset.

MODALS OF OBLIGATION & PROHIBITION

MUST, MUST NOT (MUSTN’T)

MUST: OBLIGATION

MUSTN’T : PROHIBITION

Modals of Obligation:

We use must or have to when we are expressing an obligation, and we are emphasizing that there is no choice!

Have to: more common in everyday speech

Must: Common for written instructions- (PROHIBITIONS / Forbidden actions)

Review:Susan has to hurry if she wants to catch the bus!

On a plane, everyone must wear a seatbelt.

All employees must fill out a weekly report.

We use have to in everyday speech, and must in more formal s i tuat ions…espec ia l ly for wr i t ten ru les!

Have to/must: negative forms

Susan doesn’t have to get up early tomorrow, so she can sleep late.

You must not (mustn't) talk on your cell phone while driving!

Doesn’t or don’t have to expresses a lack of necess i ty;Must not (mustn’t) expresses prohib i t ion…and is more formal

DOESN´T HAVE TO / DON´T HAVE TO

IYOU (Singular)WEYOU (Plural) You don´t have to work today.THEY

HE SHE IT He doesn´t have to play now.

DON’T HAVE TO

DOESN’T HAVE TO

REVIEW:

SHOULDSHOULDN

´T

ADVICES and RECOMMENDATI

ONS

MUST

HAVE TO, HAS TO

OBLIGATIONS

(There is no choice)

MUSTN´T

EXPRESSES

PROHIBITION

DON´T HAVE TO

DOESN´T HAVE TO

EXPRESSES A LACK OF

NECESSITY

EXAMPLES:You should your money to buy a new house.You ought to a separate savings account for the house you want to buy.

Mark shouldn’t out to play with his friends.He has too much homework.

**Important note:we don’t usually use “ought to” in the negative; shouldn’t is preferred.

EXAMPLES

I think we should check everything again.

(Advice / Recommendation)

I must go to bed earlier( Strong Obligation – impuesta

por nosotros.) I must go to the doctor. (Strong Obligación,

impuesta por nosotros.)

Children have to go to school. (Strong

Obligation- impuesta por alguien más) I have to do the homework. (Strong

Obligation / impuesta por alguien más – el profesor)

You don´t have to pay today. (Lack of necessity)

She doesn´t have to stay here. ( Lack of necessity)

TIME TO PRACTICE ! PLEASE, GET

YOUR NOTEBOOK

My computer isn’t

working!

Give Advice!

Use “should”

Use “ought to”

Tomas is having trouble in his History class.

Give him advice.

Give Advice!

Use “should”

Use “ought to”

Leslie’s car broke down, and now she’s stranded. What should she

do?

Ana has a job interview next week. How should

she dress for the interview?

During the interview?

The doctor told John that he isn’t healthy. He is overweight, he has

high cholesterol, and he is pre-diabetic.

Give Advice!

Use “should”

Use “ought to”

This student wants to become a better English speaker. She wants

to improve her confidence in English.

Give her advice.

LET´S PRACTICE

COMPLETE THE SENTENCES BELOW:

o You ______________________ eat healthy food.

(Recommendation)

o Tere ____________________ buy a new cell, hers is new.

(Lack of necessity)

o The students ________________ fight in the school.

(Prohibition)

o You ________________ complete your evidence to get your

final

o grades. (Obligation- There´s no choice)

o You ____________________ park your car here. It´s a yellow

line.

Complete your booklet # 3 exercises to practice

these forms!

Remember:

Practice makes

perfect!