Vaisala_Weather_Radars

Vaisala weather radar offerings:Weather Radarsand Sigmet Products

Vaisala and Sigmet are now together.

Pauli Niska-Pudas

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Vaisala timeline

• 2003 Decided to develop own product – 2003• Maximize use of inhouse expertise of similar products mainly mechanical

design

• December 2004 the 1st prototype installation to Helsinki University Kumpula Campus

• C-Band Dual Pol Doppler Klystron Radar

• January 2006 Sigmet acquisition• Since acquisition Sigmet staff increased by 50%

•2005 decision to develop production models• C-Band Doppler Dual Pol Magnetron • C-Band Doppler single pol Magnetron• Focus on dual pol and dual pol applications with cooperation partners

•2007 Orders of five(5) dual pol Radars were received


Vaisala Antenna/Pedestal


Traditional weather radar vs lifecycle

Traditional Weather Radar

Horizontal polarization only

Transmitted PulseReflected ”echo”

*

* May not be feasible for old WRs


WRM100 Sales Products Antenna/Pedestal and Transceiver

IRIS/Radar

TCP/IP Line


Polarimetric Weather Radar vs lifecycle

Polarimetric Weather RadarSimultaneus horizontal and vertical

polarization

Transmitted pulseReflected ”echo”


WRM200 Sales Products Antenna/Pedestal and Transceiver

IRIS/Radar

TCP/IP Line


WR Sales Products, Central Site

WR1

WR2

WR29

TCP/IP Line


Typical Weather Radar Installation (UPGRADE)= Vaisala interest!UPGRADE

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Radar Signal Processor (RVP8) and Radar Control Processor (RCP8)

RVP8 Main ChassisRVP8 IFD

RVP8 Digital Receiver•Core technology for USA NEXRAD / TDWR•Direct Digitization at Radar IF•Full Dual Polarization support•Digital waveform generation for supporting techniques such as pulse compression•Advanced Gaussian Model Adaptive Processing (GMAP)

RCP8 Radar Control Processor•Used to allow connection of Sigmet Products to any weather radar•Performs antenna motor control•General purpose control/status/BITE•Can be packaged into same chassis as RVP8 and/or IRIS

Proposed in high-reliability single chassis package

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Vaisala Dual Pol antenna

•Dish Size 4.5 m

•Weight 600 kg

•Antenna Gain 45 dB

•Beam Width 1.0 deg

•Peak Side Lobe –28 dB

•Peak on Horizontal axis –33 dB

•Integrated Cross Pol Isolation -35 dB

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Verified performance of Vaisala Weather Radar antenna

Good antenna gives good results!

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Pedestal system

•Antenna elevation angle span -3 to 110 deg

•Antenna scanning speed 0 to 40 deg/s

•Antenna acceleration 20 deg/s²

•Positioning accuracy 0.1 deg

•Pedestal Weight 870 kg

•Total weight with antenna 1470 kg

The azimuth and elevation drive mechanisms used in Weather Radar is

field proven. The drive mechanism has very successfully been used >15 yrs

in other mainly military systems. Over 600 systems fielded!

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Vaisala antenna 5ºelevation set up time within 1s

Red line shows Vaisala antenna set-up timeBlue line shows traditional servo system set-up time

1s 6..8s

Benefit: Timesaving in volume scans

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Magnetron transmitter versus klystron transmitter

Magnetron single cabinet Klystron dual cabinet

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Key specifications of the magnetron vs klystron

Magnetron:

•Free running oscillator

•Modulator: Solid State

•Peak power: 250kW

•Stability: 0.5 degrees (40dB)

•Pulse compression: No

•Simplicity: Simple

•Relative costs: 1.0

•Maintenance: Easy

•MTTR: Low

•Reliability: High

Klystron:

•Controlled amplifier

•Modulator: Solid State

•Peak power: 250kW

•Stability: 0.1 degree (50dB)

•Pulse compression: Yes

•Simplicity: Complicated

•Relative costs: 2.5 times magnetron

•Maintenance: Complicated

•MTTR: Medium

•Reliability: High

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Vaisala Goal is to go one step further: easy-to-read products for end users using the polarimetric information

Any radar Dualpol radar

RAIN

NOT RAIN

Vaisala Application

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NEW HydroClass (dual pol application) Vaisala product available

New

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Surface observations

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• More accurate rainfall estimates

• Distinguishes among snow, sleet, hail, rain and non-met targets.

• Identifies sea clutter, ground clutter, birds, insects, chaff

• Attenuation correction. S-Band performance at C-Band price.

• Bright band determination

Benefits of Dual Polarization

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List of basic and full IRIS products

�WIND

�VVPXSECT

�VIL�TRACK

�TOPS�WARN

�SRI�USER

�RAINN�RHI

�RAIN1�RTI

�MAX�RAW

�HMAX�IMAGE

�DWELL�PPI

�CAPPI�FCAST

�BASE�BEAM

Full set (incl basic)

Product nameBasic setProduct name

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List of optional IRIS products

IRIS data overlay on Google earth Google earth

Lightning data overlay on selected Radar dataLightning

Hydrometeor ClassificationHydroClass

Satellite underlays imported as USER products. MCIDAS format images supported.

IRIS / Satellite

Manual and/or automatic 3D rendering of multi level CAPPI cube data with image zoom, tilt and rotate.

IRIS / 3D

A shear line (frontal boundary), marks the transition between two air masses on the image.

SLINE

This product detects wind shear in the atmosphere, allowing the detection of microbursts, gust fronts, mesocyclones, cold fronts, and atmospheric waves.

SHEAR

Provides a mechanism for including velocity (Doppler) data from another radar site now enabling the measurement of horizontal wind in addition to vertical wind.

NDOP

Produces a single composite image of radar data from many different radar sites.COMP

Rain Gage data display with histogram pop-upGAGE

Calculates the precipitation accumulation in subcatchment areas such as watershed areas.

CATCH

Short Product DecsriptionProduct nameNew

New

New

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Availability of Vaisala Weather Radar products now, later and key events

•Now • Sigmet upgrades to any make operating at any Band (S, C or X)

•2007• Vaisala Weather Radar specifications are available• WRM200 Vaisala C-Band Doppler Polarimetric Doppler Magnetron WR• WRM100 Vaisala C-Band Doppler Magnetron WR

•Later• Other transmitter options will be available and new polarimetric options• ERAD European Weather Radar Conference at Helsinki late June 2008

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Many Many scatterersscatterers in relative motion (courtesy in relative motion (courtesy IsztarIsztar ZawadzkiZawadzki))

Thank you for your attention

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CAPPI (constant altitude) and XSECT (cross-section)Heavy rainfall during world championship of athletic Aug 2005

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PPI, dBZ

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PPI, Doppler speed

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TOPS: cloud top on km (or 1000 ft)

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MAX with side panels

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VVP (wind profile) and WIND

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Wind barbs - another user-friendly way to show Doppler data

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Shearlines superimposed to CAPPI reflectivity

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GAGE (here superimposed to radar-based accumulation)

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CATCH: Accumulation in river areas

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Integrated Data Displays – Satellite Imagery

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NEW HydroClass (dual pol application) Vaisala product available

New

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Integrated Data Displays – Real Time Lightning

New

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NEW Google earth

New

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VIL – vertically integrated liquid

how much water above each location

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Weather Products available from Vaisala

•Weather Radars• You will see more by Vaisala Single pol C-Band Doppler Magnetron Weather Radar

WRM100 – Upgrade path into dual pol

• You will see MUCH more by Vaisala Dual Pol C-Band Doppler Magnetron Weather Radar WRM200

•Weather Radar upgrades by Sigmet products to (S, C and X-Bands)• RVP8 Signal Processor• RCP8 Radar controller• IRIS Software packages:

– Basic, extended and optional– Options include: HydroClass, Lightning data, Rain Gage, Satellite and Google

Earth composites

•New services available• Remote monitoring• Support and maintenance contracts

•More products will be added into our product portfolio in near future.

Documents

Vaisala_Weather_Radars