Viewpoints 2 Answer Key 1,2,3

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Vocabulary

1. Choosethecorrectanswer.Payattentiontotheunderlinedwords.

1. WehadsuchalavishlunchthatIwas afterwards. a. hungry b. veryfull

2. Colinwasaspoiltchildbut,surprisingly,he grewuptobeavery man. a. considerate b. self-centred

3. PrinceCharlesoftenmakescontroversial statementsthat . a. pleaseeveryone b. makesomepeopleangry

4. They’reaskinganoutrageouspriceforthisflat. It’s . a. veryreasonable b. fartoohigh

5. Thatpoliticianisnotoriousfor .a. hismanyloveaffairsb. improvingtheeconomy

6. Sheusedtobequitewealthy,butshe’slost alotof recently. a. money b. weight

2. Completethepuzzleusingthecluesbelow.

Across

2. Therearesomanypeoplehere!HowwillwefindJennyinthis ?

4. IfIwerean ,Iwouldbuyanenormoushouse.

5. Ihopeyour withJohnnyDeppendssoon!I’mtiredofhearingabouthim!

8. MysistermetBono,andgothis onaCDbox.

9. Idon’tcareaboutthelatestfashion .IwearwhatIlike.

10. Myfather’sascientist,andhis isAlbertEinstein.

Down

1. Therewasalotof beforetheuniversityentranceexams.

2. Jakeispartofthefilm .He’sanassistantelectrician.

3. TheactorChristianBalegotsomebad whenatapewasreleasedofhimshoutingatsomeoneonafilmset.

6. Robertandhis finallydecidedonadatefortheirwedding.

7. oftenprintliesandrumoursaboutcelebrities.

Fame

1 2

3

4

5 6 7

8

9 10

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Viewpoints 2 Workbook © B Burlington Books

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3. WriteT(True)orF(False)foreachsentence.Correctthefalsesentences.

1. Abodyguardisapersonaltrainerinagym.

2. Arole modelissomeoneweadmire.

3. Whenyoufoolsomeone,youtrickthem.

4. Fansofsomeoneworshipthatperson.

5. Apasser-byissomeonewhosellsthingsatstreetmarkets.

6. Whenwegossip,wetalkaboutourselves.

4. Completethepassagewiththewordsandphrasesbelow.

straight • pursue • willing • emerges drive • instant • in the spotlight talent scouts

5. Completethesentenceswithasuitablecollocation.Usethecorrectformoftheverbstake,goorcatchandthewordsandphrasesbelow.

breath • blind • for granted • eye wild • by surprise

1. Whenwecan thewaiter’s,let’saskforthebill.

2. Mostofus goodhealthuntilwebecomeill.

3. AfterIwalkedupthehill,Ihadtostoptomy .

4. Whyaretheylettingtheirchildren?They’redisturbing

everyone.

5. Jack’sdogis andsoonwon’tbeabletosee.

6. Ineverexpectedtowinthecontest.Itreallyme .

6. Completethesentencesbyaddingasuitablesuffixtothewordsinbracketstoformnounsandadjectives.Makeanynecessarychanges.

1. Tomisinthe (entertain)industry,andlivesina (luxury)home.

2. That (perform)oftenattendscharityeventsforgood (public).

3. Shecaresalotabouther (appear),andonlywears (fashion)clothes.

4. Inmostplaces, (politics)campaignsarevery (expense).

5. There’saspecialsales (promote)thisweek.IfyoubuytwoCDsbythesame

(music),yougetathirdonefree.

6. Wehada (delight)timeyesterdayatthe (perform).

7. Completethesentences.Makethemtrueforyou.

1. IfIcouldgo abroadtomorrow,Iwouldgoto.

2. Iwasoverwhelmedwhen

.

3. MyfriendsandIsometimesgossipabout .

4. Oneofmyrole modelsis

.

5. Ihavetocatch my breathwhenI .

GorGeous GeorGe

George Clooney has been 1. for years as

a film star. But he didn’t climb 2. to the

top. In fact, he was anything but an 3. star.

When he moved to Los Angeles to begin his acting career, 4. weren’t interested in him. But he had a lot

of 5. and was 6. to take small

roles in television shows. Success finally came in 1994,

when he was cast in a new television hospital drama, er.

Soon after that, Clooney began making films and became

a star.

Since then, he’s had to cope with the problems fame can

bring – and that includes dealing with paparazzi, who 7. him whenever he 8. in

public. Clooney rarely tells reporters about his private life.

With his typical elegance, Clooney balances his public and

private lives better than most Hollywood stars.

Unit1

�Viewpoints 2 Workbook © B Burlington Books

FA bodyguard is a person who protects someone.

T

T

T

F

F

A passer-by is someone who passes / walks by on the street.

When we gossip, we talk about others.

in the spotlight

straightinstant

talent scoutsdrive willing

pursue emerges

catcheye

takefor granted

catch breath

go wild

going blind

took by surprise

entertainment

luxuriousperformer

publicityappearance

fashionablepolitical

expensivepromotion

musiciandelightful

performance

Accept all logical and grammatically correct answers

Grammar

4. Ifinishedmostofmyhomework.ThenIwentout.(after)

5. WhendidhestarttoplayforManchesterCity?(howlong)

3. Rewritethesentencesusingthewordsinbrackets.Donotchangetheoriginalmeaningofthesentences.

1. Isthisyourfirstvisittoafilmset?(ever)

2. Madonnabeganperformingin1977.(since)

3. Theyhaven’treleasedanewCDforthreeyears.(ago)

4. Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformoftheverbsbelow.Usegerundsorinfinitives.Oneverbisusedmorethanonce.

buy • watch • begin • achieve • be

1. Don’tforget theYouTubeclipIsentyou.

2. Sallyiseager herstudiesattheRoyalAcademyofDramaticArts.

3. Onherwaytoschool,Jessicastopped abottleofwater.

4. Believeitornot, wealthydoesn’tsolvealloflife’sproblems.

5. fameisanimportantgoalforsomepeople.

6. Istopped bottledwaterinordertosavemoney.

Reporter: Congratulations on your Best Actress award! How 1. you (feel) when your name was announced?Actress: I was shocked! In fact, I 2. (want) to win this award since I was a child, and I still don’t believe I won!

Reporter: 3. you (enjoy) the ceremony?Actress: It was one of the best experiences of my life! And that includes talking with some of the fans who 4. (wait) all day to watch everyone, including me, on the red carpet.Reporter: Now, what 5. you (work) on for the past few months?Actress: Nothing! I 6. (relax) for these last few months! But lately, I 7. (consider) a part in a romantic comedy. In recent years, I 8. (do) mostly serious, dramatic roles, and I’d like to try something different.Reporter: We all look forward to seeing your next film!

1. Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformoftheverbsinbrackets.UsethePresentPerfectContinuousorPastPerfectContinuous.

1. I’msurprisedthatLesleydoesn’tknowanyFrench.Howlong she(live)inParis?

2. We (sleep)foranhourwhenwewerewokenbyaloudnoise.

3. She (perform)onstageforyearsbeforesheappearedinfilms.

4. Theband (record)theirnewCDforthepasttwomonths.

5. they (argue)?Theylookupset.

2. Completethedialoguewiththecorrectformoftheverbsinbrackets.UsethePastSimpleoraperfecttense(SimpleorContinuous).

10Viewpoints 2 Workbook © B Burlington Books

hasbeen living

had been sleepinghad been performing

have been recordingHave been arguing

didfeel

have wanted

Did enjoy

had been waitinghave been working

have been relaxinghave been considering

have done

Have you ever visited a film set? / Have you ever been to a film set before?

Madonna has been performing since 1977.

They released their last CD three years ago. / Their last CD was released three years ago.

After I had finished most of my homework, I went out. / I went out after I had finished most of my homework.

How long has he been playing for Manchester City?

to watchto begin

to buybeing

Achievingbuying

Stars

5. Completethepassagewiththecorrectformoftheverbsinbrackets.Usegerundsorinfinitives.Theremaybemorethanonecorrectanswer.

7. Correcttheerrors.

1. I’mtiredofthisgame.We’replayingsincenoon.

2. Shewasdirectingplaysforfiveyearswhenshedecidedtodirectafilm.

3. Befamousisallsheisinterestedin.

4. Ididn’tforgetwritingmyessayandhanditinontime.

5. ShehadneverdreamedofwinBritain’s Got Talent.

8. Translatethesentences.

1. TabloidshavebeenprintingarticlesaboutDavidandVictoriaBeckhamforyears.

2. Iregretsayingthosethingstohim.

3. WehadbeentryingtobuyconcertticketsfortwohourswhenwelosttheInternetconnection.

4. Haveyoubeendoingyogaforalongtime?

5. Theyhadbeenstudyingforweeks,sotheywentwildwhentheexamswereover.

Grammar review 9. Completethesentenceswiththecorrectform

oftheverbinbrackets.

1. Jimisanincredibleguitarist!Howlonghe (play)?

2. Imissyou.I (notsee)youforamonth!

3. Marywants (join)theBlurfanclub.

4. DidStevesuggest (meet)fordinnerbeforethefilm?

5. Witnessessaidthatphotographers(pursue)JuliaRobertsfor

aboutfiveminutesbeforesheshoutedatthem.

6. Rewritethesentencesusingthewordsinbrackets.Usegerundsorinfinitives.Donotchangetheoriginalmeaningofthesentences.Theremaybemorethanonecorrectanswer.

1. Samdidn’tthinkofthankingusforallourhelp.(remember)

2. Sheriusedtosinginaband,butshehasn’tdonethatforyears.(stopped)

3. Ididn’tgostraighthome.Iboughtmilkontheway.(stopped)

4. Idon’tthinkthatI’veevermetyourparents.(remember)

5. IamsorrytoinformyouthatMrSmithdiedlastweek.(regret)

6. Ishouldn’thaveeatensomuchlastnight.(regret)

With busy lifestyles and work that often takes them

far from home, many celebrities rely on large staffs 1. (take) responsibility for a great

deal in their lives. Although it may be exciting 2. (meet) famous people, it’s not always

easy 3. (work) for them. Some stars are

notorious for 4. (be) spoilt, which makes

them extremely demanding bosses. In addition, 5. (work) for a celebrity often means

extremely long hours and includes 6.

(travel) with them – leaving very little free time for

oneself. Despite all this, being a personal assistant to a

star or a nanny to their children can be interesting and

fun – and provides a way 7. (observe) the

private life of a celebrity.

Working for the

Unit1


to take

to meet / meetingworking / to work

being

workingtravelling

has

Sam didn’t remember to thank us for all our help.

Sheri stopped singing in a band years ago.

I stopped to buy milk on the way home. / On the way home, I stopped to buy milk.

I don’t remember ever meeting your parents.

I regret to inform you that Mr Smith died last week.

I regret eating so much last night.

I’m tired of this game. We’ve been playing since noon.

She had been directing plays for five years when she decided to direct a film.

Being famous is all she is interested in.

I didn’t forget to write my essay and hand it in on time.

She had never dreamed of winning Britain’s Got Talent.

Els diaris de premsa sensacionalista han estat publicant articles sobre David i Victoria Beckham durant anys.

Lamento haver-li dit aquelles coses.

Havíem estat intentant comprar entrades per al concert durant dues hores / Feia dues hores que intentàvem comprar entrades per al concert quan vam perdre

la connexió aInternet.Has estat fent ioga durant molt de temps?

/ Fa molt (de temps) que fas ioga?

Havien estat estudiant durant setmanes / Feia setmanes que estudiaven, així que van embogir quan van acabar els exàmens.

been playinghaven’t seen

to join

meeting

had been pursuing

to observe

12

readinG1. Lookatthetitleofthetextandthepictures.

Whatdoyouthinkthetextisabout?

2. Nowreadthetextandcheckyouranswer.

3. Findwordsinthetextthatmean:

1. harmful(paragraph2)

2. notobvious(paragraph2)

3. planned(paragraph3)

4. necessary(paragraph4)

4. Choosethecorrectanswer.

1. Whenacelebritygets“ink”,itmeans.... a. they’vegotaproblem b. theyreceiveonlybadpublicity c. theyhavegotapublicist d. they’rewrittenabout

2. The Wall Street Journal .... a. publishedthefirstphotoofTomCruise’swife b. deniedpublishingfakepaparazzipictures c. orchestratedfakepaparazziphotos d. reportedonthephenomenonoffake

paparazziphotos

5. WriteT(True)orF(False)foreachsentence.Findinformationinthetexttosupportyouranswers.

1. Surprisingly,newtechnologyhashadlittleeffectonmediacoverageofcelebrities.

2. Asubtleresponsetobadpublicityistoissueastatement.

3. Fakepaparazziphotosaccountforabout50%ofpublishedcelebrityphotos.

6. Answerthequestionaccordingtothetext.

Whydosomestarshirephotographersto“surprise”theminaprivatemoment?

Promoting the StarsPublic relations (PR) is the business of promoting a

person, company, product or idea by generating media

and public interest. And personal publicists to the stars

seem to have the easiest job in PR because “getting

ink” (receiving media coverage) for celebrities is

seldom a problem. In fact not surprisingly, in this age

of tabloids, paparazzi, mobile-phone cameras and

especially the Internet, there’s often too much “ink”,

and it’s not always positive or to the stars’ liking.

That’s why a big part of a celebrity publicist’s job is to

help stars respond to false, damaging or embarrassing

articles and photos. This can be done directly, such as

by releasing a statement responding to the published

information. Or a more subtle approach can be taken

by gradually shifting attention to different, positive

aspects of the stars’ lives, such as their involvement

with charitable or social causes.

In addition, some stars and their publicists have found

a way to try to control coverage and to beat the tabloids

at their own game: they hire their own photographers

or give paparazzi advance notice so they can “catch”

a star in a supposedly private moment. The editor of

an American gossip magazine recently estimated that

about half of the celebrity photos we see fall into this

category. According to an article in the respected

business newspaper, The Wall street Journal, examples

of these carefully orchestrated fake paparazzi moments

include photos of Gwyneth Paltrow leaving hospital

with her first baby and the world’s first glimpse of Tom

Cruise with his wife, Katie Holmes.

Of course, many celebrities claim not to care about

their public image or what the tabloids print. But for

those who do care, publicists are essential.


damagingsubtle

orchestratedessential

public relations for stars / trying to get publicity for stars

F

“… not surprisingly, in this age of … mobile-phone cameras and especially the Internet, there’s often too much ‘ink’ …”

F

“This can be done directly, such as releasing a statement ... . Or a more subtle approach can be taken …”

T

“… recently estimated that about half of the celebrity photos we see fall into this category.”

Because that way they can better control what is published about them.

13

writinG1. Choosethecorrectconnector.Theremaybemorethan

onecorrectanswer.

1. Despite/Despite this/In spite ofthecoldweather,noneoftheactressesworejackets.

2. There’sexcellentpublictransportinNewYork,soyouwon’tneedtohireacarthere.However/Furthermore/On the one hand,you’llneedacarinLosAngeles.

2. Correcttherun-onsentencesbelow.Useafullstopandacapitalletteroraconnector.

1. Istudiedallweek,Ididn’tknowalltheanswersinthetest.

2. JimisbuyingflowersforSally,it’sherbirthdaytoday.

3. IwokeuplateandleftthehousequicklyandIarrivedatschoolandIrealiseditwasSaturday.

3. Completetheforandagainstessaywiththeconnectorsbelow.

despite • on the other hand • furthermore however • in addition • such as • on the one hand

Government Funding for the Arts

In Britain, it has always been customary for the government to provide financial support for the arts. 1. , some people wonder whether it is time to end this custom.2. most people don’t benefit directly from arts funding, and many never take advantage of this help. 3. , government funds for the arts means less money for essential services, 4. schools, health care, public transport and the police.5. , in comparison with those services, arts funding accounts for only a small portion of the government budget. Yet even that amount helps Britain to preserve its artistic heritage and nurture new generations of artists. 6. , arts funding allows many museums to offer free entrance, creates job opportunities and helps promote tourism.

In conclusion, 7. the arguments against government arts funding, I believe it should continue. The funding provides many benefits, and the arts are crucial for our culture and society.

See Writing Guide, Student’s Book page 148

your task Writeaforandagainstessayaboutthe

advantagesanddisadvantagesofcelebritiespubliclysupportingsocialandpoliticalcauses.Write100-150words.

PlanninG your For and aGainst essay1. Makesureyouunderstandtheissue.

2. Brainstormthetwosidesoftheissue.Writealistofprosandcons.

•Lookattheideasbelow.Whicharepros?Whicharecons?Whichcouldbeeitheraprooracon?

-celebritiescaninfluencepeople

-celebritieshavegotaccesstothemedia

-anissuethatacelebritysupportsmaygetmorepublicitythanotherimportantissuesthatlackcelebritysupporters

-celebritiescanhelpraisemoneyforacause

-peoplemaybelievecelebrities’opinionswithoutdoingtheirownresearch

•Addyourownideastothelist.

3. Decidewhichviewyousupport.Thendecidewhichoftheideasaboveyouwillincludeinyouressay.

4. Organiseyourideas.UsethemodelinExercise3andtheplanbelowtohelpyou.

PlanOpening: Statetheissue/controversy.

Body: Presentargumentssupportingeachview.

Closing: Concludeandstateyourownopinion.

5. Writeafirstdraft.

6. Usethechecklisttocheckyourwork.Thenwriteafinaldraft.

ChECkLiST

I followed the plan for a for and against essay.

I used a variety of connectors of addition, contrast and example.

I checked my grammar, spelling and punctuation.

I avoided run-on sentences.

Unit1


I studied all week, but I didn’t know all the answers in the test. / Although I studied all week, I didn’t know all the answers in the test.Jim is buying flowers for Sally because it’s her birthday today. / Jim is buying flowers for Sally. It’s her birthday today.

I woke up late and left the house quickly. When I arrived at school, I realised it was Saturday.

However

On the one hand

Furthermore / In addition

such as

On the other hand

In addition / Furthermore

despite

14

Vocabulary1. Choosethecorrectanswer.

1. Alargecrew/crowd/passer-byhasbeengatheringallmorningtogreettheteamwhentheirplanelands.

2. Thepresidentemerged/pursued/gossipedinpublicforthefirsttimesincethescandalbegan.

3. Somerockguitaristsinthe60sand70swerespoilt/lavish/notoriousfortheirdruguse.

4. Ican’tbelieveI’mfinallymeetingyou!You’vebeenmyheiress/role model/fiancéeforyears!

5. MyfriendsandIenjoydebatingcontroversial /instant/wealthyissues.

2. Completethee-mailbyformingcollocationswiththecorrectformoftheverbscatch,take,orgoandthewordsbelow.

abroad • everyone by surprise • sight of wild • anyone’s eye • a photo

Hey Sue,

You’ll never guess who I 1. last

week. Hugh Jackman! He 2. when

he walked into the shop, but nobody 3. . Everyone acted really calmly.

He looked at a few shirts, tried not to 4. , and then left. But before he

did, I managed to 5. of him with

my mobile (I’m sending the picture with this e-mail).

Now aren’t you sorry that you 6.

for the summer? Write soon!

Love,

Lynda

3. Completethesentencesbyaddingasuitablesuffixtothewordsinbrackets.

1. Thechildrenwatchedin (amaze)asthemagicianperformedhis

(impress)tricks.

2. Thissummer,therearefree (culture)eventsinthepark,includingamoderndance (perform).

3. Theyoung (music)appearedonchatshowsaspartofa (public)tourtopromotehisnewCD.

Grammar4. Completethesentenceswiththecorrect

formoftheverbsinbrackets.UsethePresentPerfectContinuousorPastPerfectContinuous.

1. Linda’sverytired.She (notget)enoughsleeplately.

2. Youlookgreat! you(workout)?

3. They (goout)fortwoyearswhentheydecidedtogetmarried.

5. Rewritethesentencesusingthewordsinbrackets.Usegerundsorinfinitives.Donotchangetheoriginalmeaningofthesentences.

1. Idon’tthinkthatIlockedthedoor.(remember)

2. Atthetopofthehill,wepausedandadmiredtheview.(stopped)

3. Don’teatanymoreofthebiscuits!(stop)

6. Completethesentences.Donotchangetheoriginalmeaningofthesentences.

1. Ireadallafternoon.ThenIfellasleeponthesofa.

After .

2. Whendidyoustarttofollowavegetariandiet?

Howlong ?

writing7. Completethepassagewiththeconnectors

below.

for example • moreover • despite such as

Sallie Larson loves her job, 1. its

dangers. This Hollywood stuntwoman has performed

hundreds of difficult stunts 2. running

through fire and jumping from a moving car. 3. , she’s designed safety equipment. 4. , she created new seat belt and

helmet designs that are widely used during stunts.

Progress check unit 1


caught sight oftook everyone

by surprise

went wild

catch anyone’s eye

take a photo

went abroad

amazement

impressivecultural

performancemusician

publicity

hasn’t been getting

Havebeen working out

had been going out

I don’t remember locking the door.

At the top of the hill, we stopped to admire the view.

Stop eating the biscuits!

I had been reading all afternoon, I fell asleep on the sofa

have you been following a vegetarian diet

despite

such as

MoreoverFor example

Unit1

15

Vocabulary1. Matchitoiitoformsentences.

I

1. Thefactsemerged

2. Photographerspursued

3. Hetriedtofool

4. Theygossiped

5. Theyweresurrounded

II

a. tomeabouttheirotherfriends.

b. byalotofpeople.

c. theactorintohishotel.

d. slowly,afteralonginvestigation.

e. me,butitdidn’twork.


1. Everysummer,asmallcrewperforms on/buildsastageinthepark.

2. Idon’tunderstandyourinfatuationwithhim.Whydon’t/do youlikehimsomuch?

3. Thatrestaurantisnotoriousforitsbad/goodservice.

4. ThepressurefromhisparentsmakesRonfeelrelaxed/nervous.

3. Completetheblogentrybyaddingasuitablesuffixtothewordsinbrackets.

Successful sports stars appear in adverts for 1. (expense) watches and 2.

(fashion) designer clothing, and are photographed at

lavish parties with famous 3. (music)

and actors. There are often articles about their 4. (luxury) homes and yachts, as well

as about their occasionally 5. (outrage)

behaviour. It sometimes seems that they are more

a part of the 6. (entertain) business

than the sports business. Let’s start to appreciate

sports stars again for their 7. (amaze)

performances and not for the 8. (public)

they give to products or for what happens in their

private lives.

Grammar4. Rewritethesentenceswiththewordsin

brackets.Donotchangetheoriginalmeaningofthesentences.

1. Don’tgivethedogmoretreats.(stop)

2. Whendidyoustarttolearnkarate?(howlong)

3. First,I’llgotothebank.ThenI’llgoshopping.(after)

4. Helistenedtomusicduringtheflight.(while)

5. Writealogicalresponsewiththewordsbelow.Usethecorrectformoftheverbs.

1. Herearemykeys!

I/look/forthem/allday

2. Ittookforever!

we/wait/for/threehours/when/we/finally/see/the/doctor

3. Igottoschoollatetoday.

bythetime/I/walkin/theteacher/handout/thetest

writing6. Completethesentenceswithasuitable

connectorbelow.

nevertheless • in spite of • furthermore moreover • however • although • despite

1. Alotofpeopledon’tlikehim. ,Ithinkhe’sverynice.

2. she’slivedherefortenyears,she’snevergotusedtothecold.

3. I’mnotgoingtorentthatflat.It’stoosmall.,there’snoview.

Progress check unit 1


12

3

45

expensive fashionable

musicians

luxuriousoutrageous

entertainment

amazingpublicity

Stop giving the dog treats!

How long have you been learning karate?

After I go / have gone to the bank, I’ll go shopping. / I’ll go shopping after I go / have gone to the bank.

He was listening to music while flying.

I have been looking for them all day.

We had been waiting for three hours when we finally saw the doctor.

By the time I walked in, the teacher had handed out the test.

Nevertheless / However

Although

Moreover / Furthermore

2. Thefollowingsentencesdon’tmakesense.Makethemlogicalbyreplacingthewordsandphrasesinboldwiththecorrectwordorphraseinboldfromadifferentsentence.

1. Itisharmfultobirdsandseaanimalstodestroyplastic.

2. Thisfactorydoesn’tinhabitdangeroussubstancesbecauseitwasbuiltwithnew“green”technology.

3. Giantpandascut downremotemountainareasinChina.

4. Ifwedon’tingestourspending,wewon’thaveanysavingsleft.

5. Manyscientistsarenowmaking their waytostudyingtheeffectsofclimatechange.

6. Myparentsuse updrivinginbadweather.Infact,theyneverdrivewhenit’ssnowing.

7. SusanandJimarestilldevotedhere.Theygotstuckintraffic,butshouldbearrivingsoon.

8. Everyonefearsthatthehurricanewillemitthousandsofhomes.

9. IfwehavetopaytheDJ£400,we’llavoidmostofthebudgetandwon’thaveanymoneyforfood.

3. Completethesentenceswiththewordsbelow.

halfway • fuel • logging • shortcut greenhouse effect • crops • banned bellies • voyages • renewable energy environmentally friendly • lack

1. Ihaddriven toyourhousewhenIrealisedthatIhadn’ttakenthe youhadsuggested.

2. The iscreatingclimatechangeswhichwillaffectthetypesof thatcanbegrowninregionsoftheworld.

3. Severe offoodforalongperiodoftimecauseschildren’s tobecomeverylarge.

4. Expertsagreethatitis touse.

5. is inallthenationalforestshere.

6. Space requireagreatdealof.

Vocabulary

Going Green2

1. Completethecaptionswiththewordsbelow.

debris • pollution • landfill • trash

1

2

3

4

WhydoIalwayshavetotakethe out?

Nowthattherainhasended,it’sgoingtotakealotofworktoclearallthis .

Whatashamethatwecan’tseemuchofthecitytodaybecauseoftheair .

Soon,this willbecovered.We’regoingtobuildaclubontopofit.


trash

debris

pollution

landfill

ingest

emit

inhabit

cut down

devoted

avoid

making their way

destroy

use up

halfwayshort cut

greenhouseeffect crops

lackbellies

environmentally friendly

renewable energyLogging banned

voyagesfuel

4. Completethepassagewiththewordsandphrasesbelow.

carbon footprint • nightmare • emitted amount • carbon dioxide • cut down broke down • made waves • harmful

6. Choosethesentencethatbestfollowstheoriginal.

1. Myglassesvanished into thin air.

a. TheywereexactlywhereIhadleftthem.b. Icouldn’tfindthemanywhere.

2. Herpersonalitybroughta breath of fresh airtotheoffice.

a. Shetalkstoomuch.b. She’snotlikeeveryoneelse.

3. Themoneyweraisedisa drop in the ocean.

a. Itwasmorethanweexpected.b. Weneedtoraisealotmore.

4. Withyoureducation,the sky’s the limit.

a. Youcanachieveanythingyouwant.b. There’salimittowhatyou’llbeableto

achieve.

5. John’sverydown to earth.

a. He’sverydepressed.b. He’seasytotalkto.

6. Thisproblemisthetip of the iceberg.

a. Idon’texpecttheretobeanymoredifficulties.b. Iexpectthatwe’llsoonfaceotherproblems

aswell.

7. Don’tmake a mountain out of a molehill.

a. It’sreallynotaproblem.b. Youshouldbemoreconcerned.

8. Pollutionhaswiped out manyspecies.

a. They’remoredangerous.b. Theynolongerexist.


1. Oneofthelocallygrowncropsis

.

2. Ishouldcut downon

.

3. IfIcouldtakeavoyageanywhere,I’dliketogo

.

4. Ithinkitwouldbeeasyformetopick up

.

5. Thelastthingofminethatbroke downwas

.

6. Myworstnightmareisthat

.

7. Iwasbrought up

.

5. MatchItoIItoformsentences.

I

1. Mycomputerisn’tworkingproperly.Ihopeitisn’tgoingto

2. Imissedthefirsttwolessons,butIthinkI’ll

3. There’ssomuchtolearnforthisexam.Weneedto

4. That’sagreatidea!I’ll

5. WhenLoriandIseesadfilms,we

6. I’mnottakingthebushome.Leesaidhe’ll

7. Mostexpertsdon’texpecttheeconomyto

II

a. pickmeup.

b. break down.

c. breakitdownintosections.

d. pickeverythingupquickly.

e. usuallybreak downattheend.

f. bringitupatthemeeting.

g. pick upuntilearlynextyear.

In recent years, many respected scientists have 1. by describing terrible 2. scenarios of the future

of life on Earth. The only solution, they say, is to 3. on pollution. This would mean

reducing the 4. of damaging 5. we produce. Most of us, of

course, don’t even know the size of our own 6. . But a recent study of the 7. environmental impact of an

average British citizen provided some interesting

information. The study 8. carbon

dioxide-producing activities into 11 categories,

including leisure, home-energy use and commuting.

Surprisingly, leisure activities accounted, on average,

for about one-fifth of the total carbon dioxide that is 9. by each person in Britain. Think

about this the next time you watch a football match in

a brightly lit stadium or go away on holiday!

Leisure and the environment

Unit2


made wavesnightmare

cut down

carbon dioxide

carbon footprintharmful

amount

broke down

emitted

16

32547

accept all logical and grammatically correct answers.

Karen/wear/ajacket

1. Choosethesentencethatbestfollowstheoriginal.

1. Youshouldhavebeenthere! a. Itwasafantasticconcert.

b. I’msureyou’llenjoyit.

2. Imightleavemyphoneathome. a. NowI’msorrythatIhaven’tgotitwithme.

b. Idon’tthinkI’llneedit.

3. Theymighthavemissedthetrain. a. Iftheyhurry,they’llcatchit.

b. Iftheydid,they’llbeonthenextone.

4. Wecouldhavehelpedthem. a. Iwonderwhytheydidn’taskus.

b. Iwonderifthey’llaskustohelp.

2. Writeasentencetodescribeeachpicturewiththewordsbelow.Useamodalormodalperfect,affirmativeornegative.Theremaybemorethanonecorrectanswer.

3. Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformofthemodalsormodalperfectsandtheverbsinbrackets.Usetheaffirmativeornegative.

1. We (need/bring)umbrellaswithus.Ithasn’trainedatalltoday!

2. I’mgoingtobelate!I (should/wakeup)anhourago!

3. Allthesejeansareonsale,soI(might/buy)twopairs.

4. Keithlookedbetterwithlongerhair.He(should/cut)it.

5. I (would/take)thebus,butitleftasIarrived.

6. Lucy’sgotabadcaseoffoodpoisoning.Thefishattherestaurant (must/be)off.

7. Joe (could/repair)mycomputer,soIcalledatechnician.


Grammar

1

2

Mark/leave/thekeysinthedoor

3

they/be/delighted

4

we/get/here/solate

Zero Rubbish

Some people 1. have to laugh / must laugh /

must have laughed when Frank Schiavo decided, about

25 years ago, that he was going to try to reduce the

amount of rubbish he produced. But nobody’s laughing

these days. In fact, we now 2. have to give / had to give /

must have given Schiavo credit for being one of the

first to adopt a “zero-rubbish” lifestyle.

The former environmental studies lecturer knew long

ago that one of the ways we 3. can’t reduce /

can reduce / could reduce our personal carbon footprint

is to cut down on our rubbish. That means following

what some environmentalists call “the three Rs”:

Reduce, Recycle and Reuse. Reduce your purchases,

recycle anything possible and reuse food waste to

make compost. In addition, environmentalists insist on

repairing or donating items that you 4. can’t recycle /

shouldn’t recycle / could have recycled.

Schiavo succeeded in reducing the amount of rubbish he 5. should have thrown / would have thrown /

must have thrown into the bin. After following a

zero-rubbish lifestyle for 16 years, a typical month’s

worth of his rubbish 6. must fit / might fit / could fit into

a small paper bag.


Karen should have worn a jacket.

mark must/may/might have left the keys in the door.

they must/should be delighted.

We shouldn’t have got here so late.

needn’t have brought

should have woken up

might buy

shouldn’t have cutwould have taken

must have been

couldn’t repair

5. Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformofshouldorhad better,affirmativeornegative.Theremaybemorethanonecorrectanswer.

1. You wearthatcolourmoreoften.Itlooksgreatonyou.

2. Ithinkhe’shavingaheartattack!Wecallanambulanceimmediately!

3. You useanyofmythingswhileI’mgone,orI’llbeveryangry.

4. IknowthatI eatsomuchjunkfood.

6. Rewritethesentenceswiththemodalsinbrackets.Donotchangetheoriginalmeaningofthesentences.

1. Haveyougotapenformetoborrow?(can)

2. Thewaterinthisriveristoopollutedforustodrink.(mustn’t)

3. It’spossiblethatJeffdidn’treceivethemessage.(mightnot)

4. There’snoneedforJulietohelpmecookfortheparty.(nothaveto)

5. Idoubtthatstoryisreal.(can’t)


1. Nextyear,Imight .

2. MyparentsthinkIshould .

3. Myfriendshadbetternot .

4. Peoplemyagecan’t .

5. WhenIwasyounger,myparentsshouldhave.

6. Atweekends,Idon’thaveto .

7. Lastyear,Ishouldhave .


1. Idon’tseeEmmahere.Shemustleave.

2. I’mnotsurewho’ssingingthatsong.ItmighthavebeenMadonna.

3. Thepresidentshouldhasbegunworryingabouttheenvironmentyearsago.

4. WouldhaveJanehelpedyou?

5. We’dbettertogetpetrolsoon.


1. Ourcountrymustcutdowntheamountofenergythatweuse.

2. Roadsafetyshouldbetaughttoyoungchildrentoavoidroadaccidents.

3. You’dbettertaketheshortcutoryou’llbelate.

4. Youshouldn’thavebroughtupthesubjectofmoney.

5. Celiamayhavebrokendownbecauseofthebadnews.


ofthewordsinbrackets.

1. Ourteacher (work)intheschoolforthepast20years.

2. We (play)tennisforanhourbeforeCaroljoinedus.

3. (windsurf)isapopularsportinAustralia.

4. I (should/go)onholidaylastmonthwhenthepriceswerelower.

5. Thismilk (smell)off.

11

Unit2


should

should / had better

had better not

shouldn’t

Can i borrow your pen?

We mustn’t drink the water in this river.

Jeff might not have received the message.

Julie doesn’t have to help me cook for the party.

that story can’t be real. / i can’t believe that story is real.


i don’t see emma here. she must have left.

i’m not sure who’s singing that song. it might be madonna.

the president should have begun worrying about the environment years ago.

Would Jane have helped you?

We’d better get petrol soon.

el nostre país ha de reduir la quantitat d’energia que fem servir.

s’hauria d’ensenyar seguretat viària als nens/es per evitar accidents de trànsit.

serà millor / val més que agafis la drecera o faràs tard.

no hauries d’haver tret el tema dels diners.

Potser la Celia s’ha posat a plorar a causa de la mala notícia.

has been working

had been playing

Windsurfing

should have gone

smells

There’s no doubt that the Internet has got environmental

benefits. E-mails, for instance, save on paper, electricity

costs for processing ordinary letters and the fuel needed

to pick up and deliver them. Online purchases mean

fewer car trips to shops. As we increasingly get more

news and music online, energy costs of producing

and transporting newspapers, magazines and CDs are

being reduced. And video-conferencing brings together

people who, a few years ago, couldn’t have met without

travelling long distances.

But online activity itself has definitely got a carbon

footprint. You might be surprised to learn that, according

to a recent study, the information technology industry

emits approximately 2% of the world’s CO2 (carbon

dioxide), creating about the same amount of greenhouse

gases as the global airline industry.

The culprit, of course, is the electricity needed to run the

huge server computers of Google and other data centres,

which are, says researcher Evan Mills, “among the most

energy-intensive facilities imaginable”.

But what does this mean for the average computer user?

Estimates are that every 15 minutes we spend online

performing a Google search or viewing web pages can

generate up to 10 g of CO2. This is about two-thirds of the

amount created by boiling a cup of water in an electric

kettle. And players of online virtual-reality games can

use nearly the same amount of electricity in one year as

a typical citizen in Brazil uses over the same period.

With more than 200 million Internet searches performed

each day, billions of web pages being viewed and new

online services such as Twitter gaining in popularity,

many scientists believe it’s time to find ways to cut down

the Internet’s environmental cost.

readinG1. Readthearticlequickly,ignoringdifficult

words.Thenanswerthequestions.

1. Whatproblemdoesthewriterdescribe?

2. Whataresomeofthecausesoftheproblem?

2. Readthetextagainandchoosethebestansweraccordingtothetext.

1. Theinformationtechnologyindustry....a. producesabout2%lessCO

2thanairlines

b. generatesasimilaramountofgreenhouse gasasairlinesdoc. emits2%morecarbondioxidethanthe airlineindustryd. createsmuchlessgreenhousegasthanthe airlineindustry

2. AccordingtoEvanMills,computerdatacentres....a. areamongthemostenergy-savingfacilitiesb. consumeagreatdealofenergyc. don’tneedalotofelectricityd. helpGoogleconserveenergy

3. Comparedtoanelectrickettle,a15-minuteGooglesearch....a. usesmoreenergyb. createsabouttwo-thirdsmoreCO

2

c. producesfewergramsofcarbondioxided. generates10gmoreCO

2

3. Completethesentencesaccordingtothetext.

1. Byusinge-mail,we’reabletosave .

2. TheaverageBrazilianconsumesaboutthesameamountofelectricityinayearas

.

3. Everyday,morethan200million .

4. Findwordsinthetextthatmean:

1. thingsthatarebought (paragraph1)

2. thecauseofaproblem (paragraph3)

3. create (paragraph4)

The Environmental Costs of Being Online


online pollution

huge amounts of Google searches / web page viewing / complex, online virtual-reality game playing

paper, electricity costs for processing ordinary letters and on thefuel needed to pick up and deliver them

online virtual-reality games do over the same period

players of

internet searches are performed

purchases

culprit

generate

Unit2

21

writinG1. Readtheletterofcomplaintbelow.Replacethe

informallanguageinbracketswithformalwordsandphrases.

your task Writealetterofcomplainttoyourlocal

newspaperaboutthelackofsportsfacilitiesinyourarea.Write100-150words.

writinG a letter of complaint1. Decidewhatyouwanttosay.Thinkabout

thefollowingquestions:

- Whateffectdoestheproblemhaveonthepeopleinyourcommunity?

- Whydoesitbotheryoupersonally?

- Whatactionsshouldbetaken?

2. Thinkofawaytoconvincethereaderthatthisproblemisimportant.Whichofthefollowingsentencescouldbeusedinyourletter?

1. Ilikesport.

2. Youngpeoplewhoparticipateinsportarelesslikelytobeboredandgetinvolvedincrime.

3. Playingsportregularlyispartofahealthylifestyle.

4. Teamsportsmakeyoufeelpartofyourcommunity.

5. Beinganathletemakesyoumorepopular.


planOpening: Statethepurposeofyourletter.

Body: Giveinformationanddetails.

Closing: Request/Demandaction.



ChECklIsT

I followed the plan for a formal letter. I used formal language. I checked my grammar, spelling and

punctuation.


Ms Allison MurrayPresidentNewSounds Records49 Dean StreetLondon

Dear (Allison) 1. ,

I’m writing (to tell you about) 2. the type of CD packaging used by NewSounds Records.

To begin with, I (really don’t like) 3. that your company uses plastic wrappings. Producing new plastic wastes valuable natural resources.

Second, I object to the chemically-treated type of paper on which the inserted booklets are printed because it is unsuitable for recycling.

Many record companies are packaging CDs in paper or plastic cases made of 100% recycled and recyclable materials. I (really think that) 4. NewSounds to do the same in order to reduce its carbon footprint.

(Can’t wait to hear from you.) 5.

(Sincerely,) 6.

James Emerson

2. Rewritethesentencesusingparallelstructures.

1. BuyingmusiconlineischeaperthantobuyCDs.

2. Tim’sscooterisnewerthantheoneRachelhas.

3. Samhasgotblondhair,browneyesandhislegsarelong.

11 Pickwick RoadCorshamWiltshire

7th May 2010


madamto express my concern regarding

strongly disagree

strongly urge

i look forward to your reply.

Yours faithfully,

Buying music online is cheaper than buying Cds.

sam has got blond hair, brown eyes and long legs.

tim’s scooter is newer than rachel’s.

Vocabulary1. Replaceeachwordorexpressioninbold

withasuitableexpressionbelow.Makeanynecessarychanges.

break down • pick up • make waves cut down • vanish into thin air • bring up

1. Shelearnedphotographyonherown,withoutanyformaltraining.

2. Manypeoplecouldeasilydecreasetheamountofwatertheyuse.

3. Whentheboysawhisinjuredpuppy,hebegan to cry.

4. Idon’twanttocause problems,soIwon’tcomplain.

5. Thesuspectseemedtodisappearwhilethepolicewerechasinghim.

6. Whydidyoustart to talkaboutmypartyinfrontofDonna?Iaskedyounotto!

2. Completethepassagewiththewordsandexpressionsbelow.

carbon footprint • bellies • amount a drop in the ocean • renewable energy fuel • environmentally-friendly

People who work out at Central Gym in

Hong Kong are not only trimming fat from

their 1. , they’re also a

source of 2. that helps

provide power to the gym. Specially-designed

exercise machines capture the electrical energy

produced by exercisers, which then becomes 3. to power the lights above

the machines. Excess energy is stored in a battery.

Of course, the 4. of energy

that’s created by these 5.

workouts is only 6. compared

to the amount of electricity the gym uses. But

researchers hope that eventually, human-powered

energy will be much more widely and efficiently

captured and used. So, what could be better

than increasing your fitness while reducing your 7. ?

Grammar3. Completethesentenceswiththecorrectform

ofamodalormodalperfectandtheverbsinbrackets.Theremaybemorethanonecorrectanswer.

1. Ithinkwe (ask)Lynneforhelp.Sheknowsalotaboutcomputers.

2. She (prepare)somuchfood.Nobodywasveryhungry.

3. I (call)yousooner,butIwasbusy.

4. I (have)somewater,please?

5. you (like)tojoinus?

6. Nobody (predict)hisreaction.Hereallysurprisedus.

4. Writesentenceswiththewordsbelow.Usethecorrectformofshouldorhad better.

1. Idon’tthinkEllenlooksgoodwithshorthair.She/let/herhair/grow/long/again

2. You’llfailthecourseunlessyoufinishtheprojectontime.We/work/on/it/today

3. David’snotfeelingwell.He/go/out/tonight

writing5. Rewritethesentencebelowusingformal

language.Theremaybemorethanonecorrectanswer.

Ireallythinkyou’vegottodosomethingreallyfasttosolvethisproblem.

6. Rewritethesentenceusingparallelstructures.

Recyclingplasticisbetterthantoputitinlandfills.

progress check unit 2


picked up

cut down

broke down

make waves

vanish into thin air

bring up

belliesrenewable energy

fuel

amountenvironmentally-friendly

a drop in the ocean

carbon footprint

should ask

shouldn’t have/ needn’t have prepared

would have called

could have predicted

Can/may/ Could

Would like

have

she should let her hair grow long again.

We had better work on it today.

he shouldn’t go out tonight.

Possible Answer in my opinion, something must be done quickly in order to solve this problem.

recycling plastic is better than putting it in landfills.

Vocabulary1. Completethepassagewiththewordsbelow.

pollution • trend • wealthy • harmful lack • lavish • publicity • the sky’s the limit

For 1. actors, such as George Clooney

and Leonardo DiCaprio, or rich businessmen like the

founders of Google, 2. when it comes to

buying a car. There’s certainly no 3. of

choices of 4. vehicles, either. But recently,

they all made an interesting choice of a new car when

they were among the first purchasers of the Tesla

Roadster – a new electric sports car made by a small,

independent manufacturer. This battery-powered

vehicle produces far less 5. than an

ordinary petrol-powered car, and has much less of a 6. effect on the environment. With a price

tag of over $100,000, it’s unlikely that the Tesla will

become a widespread 7. . However, its

celebrity owners certainly create good 8.

for electric cars in general.

2. WriteT(True)orF(False)foreachsentence.Correctthefalsesentences.

1. Whenyouingestsomething,youthrowitaway.

2. Whenyouemerge,youcan’tbeseen.

3. Whenyouarewilling,youofferoragreetosomething.

4. Whenyouinhabitaplace,youvisitit.

5. Whenyoupursuesomething,youfollowit.

6. Whensomethingisa breath of fresh air,it’sgoodfortheenvironment.

Grammar3. Rewritethesentencesusingthecorrectform

ofthewordsinbrackets.Donotchangetheoriginalmeaningofthesentences.

1. I’msurethatSamisdisappointed.(must)

2. IregretnotbringingmyiPodwithme.(should)

3. Jeffplannedtoarriveearlier,buttherewasalotoftraffic.(would)

4. Thisishisfirstteachingjob.(before)

5. Whendidyoufirstbegintostudyenvironmentalsciencehere?(howlong)

6. Sir,parkingisn’tallowedhere.(hadbetter)

writing4. Completethesentenceswithalogicalending.

Payattentiontothewordsinbold.

1. DavelikestowatchTVand

.

2. Therearemanywaystoconservewater.For

instance,we

.

3. Ihavetotidymyroomeveryweek.In addition,Ihaveto .

4. SallyespeciallylikesBritishbandssuch as

.

5. Flyinginaplaneisfasterthan

.

6. Theserviceatthisrestaurantisterrible.However,

.

progress check units 1-2 Unit2


wealthy

the sky’s the limit

lacklavish

pollution

harmful

trendpublicity

F

F

t

F

t

F

When you ingest something, you consume it.

When you emerge, you can be seen.

When you inhabit a place, you live in it.

When something is a breath of fresh air, it’s new and different.

sam must be disappointed.

i should have brought my iPod with me.

Jeff would have arrived earlier, but there was a lot of traffic.

he’s never taught before. / he’s never had a teaching job before.

how long have you been studying environmental science here?

sir, you had better park somewhere else. / sir, you had better not park here.


32. Completethecaptionswiththeverbsbelow.

expose • launch • crawl • lean • crash

Vocabulary

Online World

1. MatchItoIItoformsentences.

I

1. I’msurethatBenhasreadmye-mails

2. Jakehadaproblemwiththecomputerthismorning,

3. Iknowyou’reupsetbecause

4. Hewasrelieved

5. Hetaughtmehowtokeepmycomputersafe

6. Youhavetoenterapassword

7. Oh,no!WhatamIgoingtodo?Thismessagesays

8. Hefinallyturnedoffthetelevision

II

a. whenyoulog onto thiswebsite.

b. yourjobinterviewdidn’tturn outwell.

c. andhelpedmetidy uptheflat.

d. eventhoughhe’sdeniedit.

e. thathehadn’taccidentallydeletedhiswork.

f. thatallmyfileshavebeenpermanentlyremoved.

g. butherestarteditandeverything’sfinenow.

h. andpreventotherpeoplefromseeingwhat’sonit.

1 Youcan’tcontinueto .Youmustdriveabitfaster.

2 Iwantastylethatdoesn’tmybaldspot.

3 Oh,no!Please,pleasedon’t now!Myreport’sdueinthemorning!

4 Ourmarketresearchshowsthatthetimeisrightto thenewTOPphone.

5 Pleasedon’t onmycar.


1

6

2

3

4

5

7

8

expose

crash

launch

crawl

lean

3. Completethedialoguewiththewordsandphrasesbelow.

online • available • user-friendly updated • google • access social networking sites • portable

Salesman: May I help you?

Ellen: Yes, please. I’m looking for a new computer.

It’s got to be lightweight and 1. ,

because I want to be able to take it to cafés.

Salesman: I think you should consider a netbook,

especially if you’re going to use it mainly to go 2. to 3. people or visit 4. , such as Facebook. We’ve got

several models 5. that are all smaller,

and weigh and cost less than a typical laptop.

They’re also very 6. – there’s nothing

complicated to learn. Just turn it on and you can 7. the Internet wherever there’s a

wireless connection.

Ellen: Do netbooks come with 8.

programs, like the latest version of Office?

Salesman: No. You have to buy those separately.

Ellen: OK. A netbook sounds perfect. Let me see

what you’ve got ... .


1. Allemployeesusecars/computersfromthecompany’sfleet.

2. TheOlympicathletesenteredthestadium,wearing/carryingpoleswiththeflagsoftheircountries.

3. Forsafety,afencewasbuiltover/aroundthepool.

4. Aburglarstole/deliveredtenlaptopsyesterday.

5. Ihadasuddenurgetoeatmeat,soIordered ahamburger/became a vegetarian.

6. Dianakeepsallherimportant papers /T-shirtsinafolder.

7. Mymusicfilesareorganisedon my computer/in CD boxes.

8. Thissoftwarecomeswithatutorialthatprovidesadiscount/instructions.

1. You whenitsbatteryislow.

2. Youhaveto inordertoaccesssomewebsites.

3. Whenyouwanttosendadocumentorphototosomeone,you .

4. Itsometimestakesalongtimetoontoacomputer.

5. WhenyouaddsomethingtoyourFacebookpage,you .

7. Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformoftheverbsinbracketsandsuitableprepositions.

1. Sally me (remind)you.

2. I (apply)fivejobslastweek.

3. Whendidyoufirst (hear)this?

4. He (depend)hisparentsformoney.

5. I’ve (think)theperfectpresentforher.


1. Myfavouritesocial networkingsiteis .

2. Irecentlygoogled .

3. IfIwereaffluent,Iwould .

4. Someoneonceforwardedme .

5. Iboughtanamazingdevicethat .

5. Completeeachsentencewiththeadjectivesbelow.

pressing • affluent • close-up • overjoyed

1. Stevewaspolite,buthewasn’t toseeme.

2. Alotof high-techexecutiveshaveexpensivehomesinthisneighbourhood.

3. Wehaveseveral topicstodiscuss,butthemosturgentisthebookfair.

4. Icanseeeverydetailofthebeeinthe .

6. Completethesentenceswithasuitablecollocation.Usetheverbsandnounsbelow.

Verbs: • download • enter • charge • forward • post

Nouns: • your password • an attachment • a song • information • a mobile phone

Unit3


portable

online googlesocial

networking sitesavailable

user- friendly

access

updated

overjoyed

affluent

pressing

close-up

charge a mobile phone

enter your password

forward an attachment

download a song

post information

reminds ofapplied for

hear aboutdepends onthought of

Accept all logical and grammatically correct answers.

1. Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformoftheverbsinbrackets.Usethepassive.

1. Thephone (should/charge)for12hoursbeforeyouuseit.

2. Tickets (sell)nextweek.

3. Sincethebandputtheirlatestsongonline,it (download)bythousandsoffans.

4. Thisphoto (must/take)inthewinter.Lookatthesnow!

5. Bythetimewecompletedthesurvey,it(answer)by420people.

2. Writealogicalcontinuationwiththewordsinbrackets.Usethepassiveformoftheverb.

1. I’vejustreceivedane-mailfromAmazon.(mypackage/deliver/nextweek)

2. Ididn’teatanythingattheparty.(allthefood/eat/bythetime/Iarrive)

3. Theinvitationsarefinallyaddressed.(they/not/sendout/yet)

4. Youcanchecktomorrow’sweather.(forecasts/give/onseveralwebsites)

3. Completethesentenceswiththecorrectactiveorpassiveformoftheverbsbelow.Useeachverbonlyonce.

launch • complete • consider produce • believe

1. By11.30yesterday,everyone theexam.

2. It once thattheworldwasflat.

3. Junkfood tobeunhealthy.

4. Newproducts often withpublicitycampaignsandfreesamples.

5. Thecomputergameshedesigned now byamajorgamescompany.

Grammar 4. RewritethesentencesinExercise3bycompletingthesentencesbelow.Donotchangetheoriginalmeaningofthesentences.

1. Theexam .

2. People .

3. Experts .

4. Companies .

5. Amajorgamescompany .

5. Completethepassagewiththecorrectformoftheverbsinbrackets.Usetheactiveorpassive.

When Jawed Karim, one of YouTube’s founders, 1. (post) the first video there

on 23rd April 2005, nobody 2.

(could / predict) that the website would become one

of the most popular on the Internet. Each minute,

at least 20 hours of video 3.

(upload) to the site, which 4.

(buy) by Google in 2006. The selection of videos

includes films, television shows, homemade music

videos, documentaries, as well as some short

films that 5. (consider) to be

original and artistic by serious critics. In addition,

many YouTube “stars” 6.

(create) over the past few years. These are people

whose videos 7. (watch)

by millions of people. Among these stars are

Matt Harding, thanks to his videos of himself

dancing with people all over the world, and

Ryan Higa, whose video “How to Be a Ninja” 8. (view) over 20 million

times so far. Another YouTube star is Lauren Luke,

a young Englishwoman whose popular series of

videos about applying make-up led to her own

make-up line that 9. (launch)

in April 2009. It’s this unpredictable variety of

videos that keep people hooked on YouTube!

BECOMINgFAMOuSONYOuTuBE

Matt Harding dancing in India


should be charged

will be / are going to be sold

has been downloaded

must have been taken

had been answered

My package will be delivered next week.

All the food had been eaten by the time I arrived.

They haven’t been sent out yet.

Forecasts are given on several websites.

had completed

was believed

is consideredare launched

isbeing

produced

posted

had been completed by 11.30 yesterdayonce believed that the world was flatconsider junk food to be unhealthy

often launch new products with publicity campaigns and free samples

the computer game she designedis now producing

could have predicted

are uploadedwas bought

are considered

have been created

have been watched

has been viewed

was launched

6. Rewritethesentencesusingtwopassivestructures.

1. They’reusingcomputeranimationtomakethefilm.

2. Wewille-mailtheconcerttourdatestoeveryonenextweek.

3. Someonesentmeflowersonmybirthday.

4. ExpertsbelievethatInternetaddictionisagrowingproblem.

5. Peoplethinkhisvideosareveryentertaining.

7. Completethee-mailwiththecorrectcausativeformoftheverbsbelow.Theremaybemorethanonecorrectanswer.

cut • install • put on • made • deliver


1. Thedecisionhasalreadybemade.

2. Atthemoment,passwordsarebeenchanged.

3. Thedatesofthemeetingswillbesenteveryone.

4. Sorry,MrsRivero.I’mlatebecauseI’vecheckedmyteethatthedentisttoday.

5. Fiftyyearsago,thiscomputerwasconsideredtowasthefastestoneintheworld.


1. AnewproducthasjustbeenlaunchedfortheEuropeanmarket.

2. Certainexpensiveitemscanbeboughtonlybyaffluentpeople.

3. Nobodyunderstoodwhyallthosephotoshadbeendeleted.

4. Theseimagesshouldn’thavebeenremovedfromourwebsite.

5. uSBflashdrivesaresaidtobequiteaffordable.


oftheverbsinbrackets.

1. Weweremetbyfriendswho (wait)forusforanhour.

2. (ski)isapopularsport.

3. Wedidn’tliketherestaurantthatginarecommended.We (should/go)toadifferentplace.

4. Thebook (review)inseveralnewspaperslastweek.

5. Thatgirl (look)familiar.

11

Hi Jon,

Thanks for the e-mail! I’m glad you finally 1. an Internet connection

.

I’m busy these days – and not only with studying.

I 2. my hair the other

day, and today I’m taking my motorbike to the

garage to 3. new tyres .

While that’s being done, I 4. an extra

set of keys to my flat, so you can

have a set when you visit next week.

When you come, we should invite friends over, rent

a couple of films and 5. burgers and

chips .

See you in a few days!

Angie

[email protected]

Unit3


Computer animation is being used to make the film. The film is being made by using computer animation.

The concert tour dates will be e-mailed to everyone next week. Everyone will be e-mailed the concert tour dates next week.

Flowers were sent to me on my birthday.I was sent flowers on my birthday.

It is believed that Internet addiction is a growing problem. Internet addiction is believed to be a growing problem.

His videos are thought to be very entertaining. It is thought that his videos are very entertaining.

The decision has already been made.

had / got installed

had / got cut

have / get put onwill have /

getmade

havedelivered

At the moment, passwords are being changed.

The dates of the meetings will be sent to everyone.

Sorry, Mrs Rivero. I’m late because I had my teeth checked at the dentist today.

Fifty years ago, this computer was considered to be the fastest one in the world.

S’acaba de llançar un nou producte per al mercat europeu.

Certs articles cars poden ser comprats només per gent adinerada.

Ningú va entendre per què totes aquelles fotos havien estat esborrades.

Aquestes imatges no s’haurien d’haver eliminat del nostre lloc web.

Es diu que els dispositius de memòria USB són bastant assequibles.

had been waitingSkiing

should have gone

was reviewed

looks

Internet A d d i c t i o n

readinG

Do you neglect responsibilities whenever you have the

urge to spend time online? Do you feel depressed if

you’re away from a computer game for too long? Do you

lie about the amount of time you spend online? Is your

virtual social life more important than your real social

life? If so, they may be signs that you have an Internet,

gaming or computer addiction – now commonly called

Internet addiction.

Since the mid-1990s, when the problem first began to

be widely discussed among mental-health professionals,

comparisons have been made between excessive

computer use and addictions to gambling, drugs or

alcohol. There are differences, though, especially as

Internet addiction doesn’t usually involve losing money

or pose an imminent threat to one’s physical health.

Moreover, many experts say that an Internet addiction

diagnosis shouldn’t be based mainly on the amount of

time devoted to the activity. Instead, they say, what must

be examined is the negative effect the activity has on

someone’s life. Someone who stays home from school

or a job in order to remain online, for instance, or who

gains emotional satisfaction only from their gaming or

virtual social life, should be considered an addict.

Internet addiction is not yet accepted as a mental disorder

by the American Psychiatric Association or similar

professional organisations elsewhere (though it may soon

gain official recognition in China). Despite this, a wide

range of treatments is already available for it, including

rehabilitation programmes in South Korea, China, the

USA and other countries. Critics may point to this as

proof that addiction specialists are already benefitting

from creating a new group of patients to treat.

But that probably doesn’t matter to sufferers like 19-year-

old Ben Alexander who, in September 2009, was the first

patient at ReSTART, a treatment centre in the USA. He

didn’t finish university because of his inability to limit

the amount of time he spent playing the video game

World of Warcraft. Hopefully, ReSTART will enable

Ben to regain control of his life.

1. Readthefirstsentenceineachparagraphinthetext.Inwhichparagraphdoyouthinkyouwillfindthefollowinginformation?

1. whetherInternetaddictionisconsideredan

officialdisorder

2. somesignsofInternetaddiction

3. whatneedstobeconsideredwhenmaking

adiagnosisofInternetaddiction

4. whyBenAlexanderwasinatreatment

centre

5. howInternetaddictiondiffersfromsome

otheraddictions

2. Nowreadtheentiretextandcheckyouranswers.

3. Completethesentencesaccordingtothetext.

1. Mental-healthprofessionalsfirstbegan .

2. SouthKoreaandtheunitedStatesareamong.


1. AmongthesignsofInternetaddictionNOTmentionedis....a. spendingmoneyonlineb. neglectingresponsibilitiesc. depressiond. socialisingonlineonly

2. Themostimportantfactortoconsiderwhen makingadiagnosisofInternetaddictionis.... a. theamountoftimespentonline b. theimpactonlineorgamingactivitieshas onsomeone’slife c. aperson’sfavouriteonlineactivities d. whethersomeoneusestheInternetatwork

5. Findwordsinthetextthatmeantheoppositeof:

1. payattentionto(paragraph1)

2. notenough(paragraph2)

3. loses(paragraph3)

4. suffering(paragraph4)

@


4

1

3

5

2

discussing the problem of Internet addiction in the mid 1990s

the countries that already have got rehabilitation programmes for Internet addiction sufferers

neglectexcessive

gainsbenefitting

writinG1. Choosethecorrectconnector.

1. So that/Due to/In order togetaniPhoneatadiscount,youhavetoshowyourstudentID.

2. Sheenjoyslivinghere.Therefore,/Due to/Becauseshe’snotsurethatshewantstoattenduniversityanywhereelse.

3. PaulisoneofthenicestpeopleIknow.As a result, / Because/For this reason,I’dliketointroducehimtoyoursister.

2. Addapostropheswherenecessary.

1. Thedogsfuriswhite,butitstailisblack.

2. Canyouhearthepeoplesscreams?Theyresofrightened.

3. Iloveyourjacket.Itsbeautiful.

3. Completetheopinionessaywithsuitableconnectors.Theremaybemorethanonecorrectanswer.


your task Writeanopinionessayaboutthefollowing

statement:Using a mobile phone in public venues is impolite.Write100-150words.

writinG an opinion essay1. Makesureyouunderstandtheissue.

2. Decideifyouagreeordisagreewiththestatement.

3. Brainstormideasyoucanusetosupportyour

opinion.Lookatthepointsbelow.Whichcouldbeusedbysomeonewhoagreeswiththestatementabove?Whichcouldbeusedbysomeonewhodisagrees?

-ignoringpeoplewhenusingmobilephones

-sameastalkingfacetoface

-loudmobile-phoneringtones

-litscreensdisturb

-acceptablebehaviourtoday

4. Decidewhichideastoincludeinyouressay.Thinkoffacts,detailsandexamplestosupportyourarguments.


planOpening: Presenttheissueandyouropinion.

Body: Presentreasons,factsandexamplestosupportyouropinion.

Closing: Restateyouropinionand/ormakesuggestions.



ChECkLIsT

I followed the plan for an opinion essay.

I used connectors of cause and result and connectors of purpose.

I checked my grammar, spelling and punctuation.

I checked that the verbs and subjects agree.

Too Much Self-Service Online?More and more business is being conducted online, from banking to booking travel tickets. While many people like this trend, I think it has disadvantages for the consumer.First of all, a credit or debit card is usually needed 1. make online purchases. 2. , people who lack these cards can’t take advantage of Internet deals such as low-priced plane tickets.Second, the ability to print boarding passes or tickets at home is presented to consumers as an advantage – but it is also an inconvenience 3. it costs us time and money for the ink and paper. Finally, online orders are often difficult to change, and customer service is not always readily available. 4. , some people are nervous about making online purchases. All in all, I don’t think that consumers who do their business online are always treated well. Consumers should let companies know when they don’t like this self-service approach.

29

Unit3


As a result / Therefore

because / since

For this reason / Therefore

’

in order to

’ ’’

Vocabulary1. Choosethecorrectanswer.

1. Don’tcrawl/leanonthewall!Thepaintiswet!

2. Luckily,Ididn’tlosemyworkwhenmycomputercrashed/restarted.

3. Thepole/fencearoundourgardenismadeofwood.

4. Thepassword/tutorialiseasytoremember.

5. I’msorry,butthere’snoavailable/pressingappointmenttoday.

6. Shegrewupinanaffluent/updatedfamily,sosheneverhadtoworryaboutmoney.

2. Completethesentenceswithasuitablepreposition.Payattentiontothewordsinbold.

1. Somepackagedfoodsseemtoconsistmainlychemicals.

2. We’regoingtostay ahotelrightonthebeach!

3. IlikeCharles,butIwouldn’tdependhimforanythingimportant.

4. Youforgottoremindme Sue’sbirthday.

5. Kateapplied herprovisionaldrivinglicenceyesterday.

3. Completethesentenceswiththewordsandphrasesbelow.

turn out • fleet • urge • deny • access delete

1. Whensomeex-smokersgetthe foracigarette,theychewgum.

2. Don’tworry.Everythingwill perfectly.

3. Youshould thissentencefromyouressay.It’sunnecessary.

4. IhavenoideawhyIcan’t theInternetatthemoment.

5. Didhe thathehadbeencheating?

6. Theyoffergoodpricesonallthecruiseshipsintheir .

Grammar4. Completethepassagewiththecorrectform

oftheverbsinbrackets.Usetheactiveorpassive.

Urban legends – those scary or weird stories that 1. (say) to be true but aren’t –

have been around for a long time. In the 1800s in

England, for instance, rumours 2.

(spread) of the existence of a man who 3. (refer) to as Spring-Heeled

Jack. He had a terrifying appearance and could jump

very high. Since the mid-1930s, tales 4. (tell) of alligators living in the

sewers under New York City. Nowadays, urban legends 5. (make) their way around the

world with the click of a mouse. In recent years,

millions of people 6. (read) that

certain tight jeans can kill the wearer and that

poisonous spiders often 7. (live)

in passenger jet bathrooms. Both of these stories are

false. But even if we know that urban legends are

untrue, many of us still enjoy reading them. They’ve

even become the subject of research for some folklore

specialists who keep a close eye on the Internet to learn

which are “going viral” – that is, which urban legends 8. (read) by and forwarded to

millions of people.

writing5. Completethesentenceswithasuitable

connectorofcause,resultorpurpose.Theremaybemorethanonecorrectanswer.

1. AlotofcafésofferfreewirelessInternetaccessitattractscustomers.

2. Megcan’teatsugar. ,shehastoreadfoodlabelscarefully.

3. acomputingerror,theJanuaryelectricitybillswereincorrect.


1. Hisfriend’s/friends’jacketisveryexpensive.

2. It’s/Itsgoingtorainsoon.

progress check unit 3


ofat / in

onabout

for

urge

turn out

delete

access

deny

fleet

are said

spread / were spread

was referred

have been told

are making /make

have read

live

are being read

becauseTherefore

Due to / Because of

Vocabulary1. Completethesentenceswiththewordsand

expressionsbelow.

shortcuts • landfills • emerged • devices exposed • delete • fool making a mountain out of a molehill tip of the iceberg • social networking sites

1. Somecombinationsofcomputerkeyboardkeyscanbeusedasquick toaddor text.

2. unfortunately,computerscamsandhoaxesalotofpeople,

andthescamsweknowaboutareonlythe.

3. Newfactsaboutthebusinessman’scrimeshaveinrecentdays,and

detailsabouthisprivatelifehavealsobeen.

4. Mobilephones,computersandotherelectronicshouldn’tbedisposedof

in .

5. Ithinkthatthosewhosayit’sdangeroustomeetpeoplethrough are

.

2. Completethepassagewiththeverbsbelow.Theremaybemorethanonecorrectanswer.

forward • post • take • catch

We do things so fast online that we don’t always stop to

think before we 1. an e-mail containing a

silly joke to a friend or 2. new messages or

pictures on our Facebook page. Next time, pause for a

moment. Is your friend studying so much that he / she

can hardly 3. his / her breath? Then you

may not want to bother him / her with an unnecessary

e-mail. Did you 4. a photo of someone that

might embarrass them? Then perhaps it’s better not to

put it on your Facebook page, as it’s difficult to know

who will 5. sight of it. Remember: think

before you click.

Grammar3. Completethesentencessothattheyhave

asimilarmeaningtotheoriginal.Makeanynecessarychanges.

1. Haveyouwateredtheplants?

Havetheplants ?

2. ThisisthefirsttimeI’veeatenThaifood.

I .

3. Wegottotheconcertafteritbegan.

Theconcert .

4. Completethepassagewiththecorrectformoftheverbsinbrackets.

1. blog identities

(should / be) private? That’s the question many people 2. (ask) since August 2009. A judge

in New York 3. (make) Google

reveal the name of a blogger who, in one of her blog

entries, 4. (insult) model Liskula

Cohen. Many people 5. (anger) by

this decision, which 6. (consider) to

be a threat to free speech. “I 7.

(would / agree) with the judge’s verdict, but the blogger 8. (not threaten) Cohen in any way,”

said one New York lawyer. But other people celebrated

the judge’s decision as a reminder that people 9. (should not / allow) to write

whatever they want anonymously. What’s your opinion

on the matter?

writing5. Rewritetherun-onsentencesbelowwith

suitableconnectors.Makeanynecessarychanges.Theremaybemorethanonecorrectanswer.

1. Iwanttogoonholidaythissummer,Ineedtoearnsomemoney.

2. Wetookumbrellas,itdidn’train.

3. Iwasupset,Iwasalsoembarrassed.

progress check units 1-3 Unit3


shortcutsdelete

fool

tip of the iceberg

emerged

exposed

deviceslandfills

making a mountain out of a molehill

social networking sites

forwardpost

catch

take / post

catch

been watered

’ve / have never eaten Thai food before

had already begun by the time we arrived

Should be

have been askingmade

had insultedwere angered

was consideredwould have agreed

hadn’t threatened

shouldn’t be allowed

I want to go on holiday this summer, so I need to earn some money.

We took umbrellas but it didn’t rain / even though it didn’t rain.

I was upset and embarrassed.

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Viewpoints 2 Answer Key 1,2,3