VITAMINS:VITAMINS:FAT SOLUBLE FAT SOLUBLE

VITAMINSVITAMINS

VITAMINS:VITAMINS:FAT SOLUBLE FAT SOLUBLE

VITAMINSVITAMINS

DR Norhasmah SulaimanDR Norhasmah SulaimanDepartment of Resources Department of Resources

Management and Consumer Management and Consumer StudiesStudies

Faculty Of Human Ecology Faculty Of Human Ecology UPMUPM

Vitamin Primary functions

Deficiency Overdose Food sources

Vitamin A:Retinol 1. Formation

and maintenance of mucous membranes, skin, bones.

2. Needed for vision in dim light.

1. Increased susceptibility to infection, increased incidence and severity of infection.

2. Impaired vision, blindness.

3. Inability to see in dim light.

1. Hyppervitaminosis A.

2. Nausea, irritability, blurred vision, weakness

3. Increase pressure in skull, headache

4. Liver damage, hair loss, dry skin, birth defect.

1. Animal products only.

2. Liver, butter, margarine, milk, cheese, eggs.

3. Ready to eat cereals.

Vitamin Primary functions

Deficiency Overdose Food sources

Vitamin A:

2. Beta-

carotene

Antioxidant Related only to lack of vitamin A.

1. Lung damage.

2. Skin may turn yellow-orange.

3. Possibly related to reversible loss of fertility in women.

• Deep orange, yellow, and green vegetables and fruits.

•

Vitamin Primary functions

Deficiency Overdose Food sources

Vitamin E(Alpha-

tocopherol)

1. Antioxidant.2. Reduces the

ability of LDL-cholesterol to form plague in arteries.

1. Muscle loss, nerve damage.

2. Anemia.3. Weakness.4. Many

adults may have non-optimal blood levels

1. May increasing bleeding-over 800 IU per day.

1. Oils and fats.

2. Salad dressings, mayonnaise, margarine,shortenin-g, butter.

3. Whole grain, wheat germ.

4. Leafy, green vegetable-s, tomatoes.

5. Nuts and seeds.

6. Eggs.

Vitamin Primary functions

Deficiency Overdose Food sources

Vitamin D(1,25-Dihydroxycholicalcife

rol)

Absorption ofcalcium andphosphorus, andfor theirutilizationin bone

formation,nerve and

muscleactivity.

1. Weak, deformed bones (children)-rickets.

2. Loss of calcium from bones (adults), osteoporosis

1. Mental retardation in young

children. 2. Abnorma

l bone growth and formation.

3. Nausea, diarrhea, irritability, weight loss.

4. Deposition of calcium In organs such as kidneys, liver, and heart.

1. Vitamin D fortified milk and margarine.

2. Butter.3. Fish,

eggs, mushrooms.

4. Milk products: cheese, yogurt, and ice cream are generally not fortified with vitamin D.

Vitamin Primary functions

Deficiency Overdose Food sources

Vitamin K1.Phylloqui-none.2. Menaqui-none.

1. Essential component of mechanisms that cause blood to clot when bleeding occurs.

2. Aids in the incorporation of calcium into bones.

1. Bleeding, bruises.

2. Decreased calcium in bones.

3. Rare. May be induced by the long-term use of antibiotics.

Liver disease if

vitamin K insynthetic

formstaken inExcessiveamounts.

1. Leafy, green vegetables.

2. Grain products.

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