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VOCABULARY OF
VOCABULARY
BASE
The main part of a word to which affixes may be added.
Example:Repainted
re + paint + edPaint is the BASE
ROOT
The form of a word from which other words and forms are derived.
Root: FACMeaning: make, do
Examples: manufacture, factory, benefactor
AFFIX
A word or syllable added to aWord to produce a derived or inflected form (usually a
Prefix or suffix).
Examples:Underground – under is an affix
Crying – ing is a suffix
PREFIX
A letter or group of letters put at the beginning of a word to make a new word
Examples:disrespect – dis is an prefix
Biology – bio is a prefix
SUFFIXA letter or group of letters put at the
END of a word to form a new word
Examples:Suffix – eer, er, or
Means: person whoExamples: mountaineer – person
who climbs mountainsTeacher – one who teaches
SYNONYMSA synonym is a word that means the same
or almost the same as another word.
cheerfulattempt try
selectchoose
glad
ANTONYMSAn antonym is a word that means the
opposite or almost the opposite of another word.
generouslove hate
cheerfulsad
stingy
LITERALWhen a word is used in a literal sense, it is being used in it strict dictionary meaning.
EXAMPLE: On our hike, we picked berries, mushrooms, and other wild plants.
Mushrooms is used literally. Mushrooms are real fungi.
FIGURATIVEWhen a word is used in a figurative sense, it
is being used in a symbolic or nonliteral way.
EXAMPLE:
I WAS SO ANGRY I WAS SPITTING NAILS.
CONNOTATIONThe connotation of a word is its tone. This
means the emotions or associations it normally arouses in people hearing, or reading it.
EXAMPLE:
HOME VS. HOUSE
DENOTATION
The denotation of a word is its specific dictionary meaning.
Examples:Word – search
Definition – To look for.
Word – braggartDefinition – boastful person
WHAT IS A WHAT IS A CONTEXT CLUE?CONTEXT CLUE?
• A context clue is a method by which the meanings of unknown words in a sentence may be obtained by examining the parts of a sentence surrounding the word.
• 3 Kinds of contrast clues include:
• restatement/synonym clues• contrast/antonym clues• Inference context clues.
Context Clue#1 –Context Clue#1 – CONTRAST CLUESCONTRAST CLUES• Contrast clues consist of an antonym
for, or a phrase that means the opposite of, an unfamiliar word. Words and phrases such as although, but, yet, however, except, instead of, unlike, and on the other hand signal contrast clues.
• Example:At night the street was pacific, unlike the crowded, noisy chaos it was during the day.
In this contrast, the word pacific is opposed to crowded, noisy and chaotic. From this, you can guess that it
means "peaceful."
Context Clue#2 –Context Clue#2 – RESTATEMENT CLUESRESTATEMENT CLUES•A restatement clue consists
of a synonym for, or a definition of, a word in the sentence.
• Example:Jack's duplicity or crafty dishonesty
caused him to steal his coworker's pensions by funneling their money
into an offshore account. In this contrast, the word duplicity is means
crafty dishonesty.
Context Clue#3 –Context Clue#3 – INFERENCE CLUESINFERENCE CLUES• An inference clue can help you to
understand the meaning of a word by examining the context in which the word is used. Inference clues can appear in the surrounding words, sentences, even paragraphs.
• Example:The king issued unreasonable
decrees. Nevertheless, everyone had to obey his commands.
Based on this sentence, what do you think decrees are?
THE END OF VOCABULARY
OF VOCABULARY