Wednesday Seminars start this week, Monday Wednesday Seminars start this week, Monday seminars start next weekseminars start next week

Reading for next weeks lecture: Spence Reading for next weeks lecture: Spence chapter 6-7, Schoppa chapter 3chapter 6-7, Schoppa chapter 3

First essay due week 7First essay due week 7

LanguageLanguage

Seven major dialect groups in Chinese languageSeven major dialect groups in Chinese language Mandarin– a state-sanctioned, standardized language, Mandarin– a state-sanctioned, standardized language,

based on a northern dialect. Now spoken as based on a northern dialect. Now spoken as “standard” Chinese“standard” Chinese in the People’s Republic in the People’s Republic

Cantonese—spoken in southern China and Hong Cantonese—spoken in southern China and Hong KongKong

Hundreds of Mutually Unintelligible DialectsHundreds of Mutually Unintelligible Dialects One writing system throughout– a powerful force for One writing system throughout– a powerful force for

cultural unificationcultural unification

PronunciationPronunciation

Pinyin vs. Wade Giles Pinyin vs. Wade Giles Pinyin: most common romanization for Pinyin: most common romanization for

Chinese Chinese C pronounced ts (tsar)C pronounced ts (tsar) Z pronounced dzZ pronounced dz Q pronounced ch (chin) Q pronounced ch (chin) X pronounced sh X pronounced sh

MandarinMandarin

妈 妈 Ma 1Ma 1 麻 麻 Ma 2 Ma 2 马 马 Ma 3 Ma 3 骂骂 Ma 4 Ma 4

RomanizationRomanization

Pinyin—widely used, especially in the PRCPinyin—widely used, especially in the PRC Wade Giles—an older form, used in TaiwanWade Giles—an older form, used in Taiwan

Zhang ZuolinZhang Zuolin

Chang Tso-linChang Tso-lin

Mao ZedongMao Zedong

Mao Tse-tungMao Tse-tung

Chinese DynastiesChinese Dynasties Xia Dynasty About 1994 BCE - 1766 BCE Xia Dynasty About 1994 BCE - 1766 BCE Shang Dynasty 1766 BCE - 1027 BCE Shang Dynasty 1766 BCE - 1027 BCE Zhou Dynasty 1122 BCE -256 BCE plus suppliment Zhou Dynasty 1122 BCE -256 BCE plus suppliment Qin Dynasty 221 BCE - 206 BCE Qin Dynasty 221 BCE - 206 BCE Early Han Dynasty 206 BCE - 9 AD Early Han Dynasty 206 BCE - 9 AD Later Han Dynasty 25 AD - 220 AD Later Han Dynasty 25 AD - 220 AD Three Kingdoms - Period of Disunion 220 AD - 280 AD Three Kingdoms - Period of Disunion 220 AD - 280 AD Sui Dynasty 589 AD - 618 AD Sui Dynasty 589 AD - 618 AD Tang Dynasty 618 AD - 907 AD Tang Dynasty 618 AD - 907 AD Song Dynasty 969 AD - 1279 AD Song Dynasty 969 AD - 1279 AD Yuan Dyansty 1279 AD - 1368 AD Yuan Dyansty 1279 AD - 1368 AD Ming Dynasty 1368 AD - 1644 AD Ming Dynasty 1368 AD - 1644 AD Qing Dynasty 1644 AD - 1912 AD Qing Dynasty 1644 AD - 1912 AD