What Are Biomolecules???? There are 4 biomolecules Proteins Carbohydrates Lipids Nucleic Acids The 4...
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T1 SCO P ES : W eek 5 The information and diagram below is used for both questions for Day 1: A group of organism s that interact w ith and depend upon one another is called a com m unity. The m ovem ent of m atter and energy through a com m unity can be studies by exam ining its food w eb. A s organism s eat other organism s, energy and nutrients pass through various feeding levels. These feeding levels are called trophic levels. The follow ing is a diagram of the energy and nutrient flow through a sim ple com m unity. D ay 1-1 (1 2 C ) W hich group above w ould m ost likely contain living algae? A producers B second-order consum ers C first-order consum ers D decom posers D ay 1-2 (12C) A ccording to the diagram , nutrients from dead organism s are released into the soilby the action of – F producers G first-order consum ers H third-order consum ers J decom posers
What Are Biomolecules???? There are 4 biomolecules Proteins Carbohydrates Lipids Nucleic Acids The 4 biomolecules are large molecules that are necessary
What Are Biomolecules???? There are 4 biomolecules Proteins
Carbohydrates Lipids Nucleic Acids The 4 biomolecules are large
molecules that are necessary for life Bio = Life Molecule = a group
of atoms held together by bonds Nicknames Organic molecules Organic
= living matter Macromolecules Macro = large There are 4
biomolecules Proteins Carbohydrates Lipids Nucleic Acids The 4
biomolecules are large molecules that are necessary for life Bio =
Life Molecule = a group of atoms held together by bonds Nicknames
Organic molecules Organic = living matter Macromolecules Macro =
large Biomolecules
Slide 4
Functions of Biomolecules
Slide 5
Set Up Your Notes BiomoleculeFunctionsImportantSource Proteins
Carbohydrates Lipids Nucleic Acids
Slide 6
PROTEINS Functions Provide structure Transport substances into
and out of cells Speed up chemical reactions Important Proteins are
found EVERYWHERE!!!! Source Meat Eggs Beans Nuts Functions Provide
structure Transport substances into and out of cells Speed up
chemical reactions Important Proteins are found EVERYWHERE!!!!
Source Meat Eggs Beans Nuts
Slide 7
CARBOHYDRATES Functions Short term energy storage Source Bread
Potatoes Fruit Sugar Functions Short term energy storage Source
Bread Potatoes Fruit Sugar
Slide 8
LIPIDS Functions Long term energy storage Insulate the body
Cushion organs Important Lipids make up cell membranes Source Oil
Wax (butter) Fat (bacon) Functions Long term energy storage
Insulate the body Cushion organs Important Lipids make up cell
membranes Source Oil Wax (butter) Fat (bacon)
Slide 9
NUCLEIC ACIDS Functions Store genetic information Important The
only 2 examples are DNA & RNA Can be found in.. You cant eat
your DNA silly!!! Functions Store genetic information Important The
only 2 examples are DNA & RNA Can be found in.. You cant eat
your DNA silly!!!
Slide 10
Structures of Biomolecules
Slide 11
First things firstChemistry 101 1.Letters represent different
elements 2.More Bonds = More Energy 3.Circles are more stable than
lines 1.Letters represent different elements 2.More Bonds = More
Energy 3.Circles are more stable than lines Element Key C = carbon
O = oxygen H = hydrogen N = nitrogen P = phosphorus S = sulfur
Slide 12
All biomolecules are formed through POLYMERIZATION Monomers:
Any small molecule that can be joined together Polymers: Any large
molecule made up of small units Polymerization: Small molecules
(monomers) bond together to former larger molecules (polymers)
Monomers: Any small molecule that can be joined together Polymers:
Any large molecule made up of small units Polymerization: Small
molecules (monomers) bond together to former larger molecules
(polymers)
Slide 13
PolymerizationA Closer Look Dehydration Synthesis Bond is
formed between two monomers through the loss of a water molecule
Build polymers Bond formed - Peptide bond Hydrolysis: Bond is
broken between two monomers through the addition of a water
molecule Break down polymers Dehydration Synthesis Bond is formed
between two monomers through the loss of a water molecule Build
polymers Bond formed - Peptide bond Hydrolysis: Bond is broken
between two monomers through the addition of a water molecule Break
down polymers
Slide 14
Slide 15
Set Up Your Notes BiomoleculeElementsMonomersPolymerNotes
Proteins Carbohydrates Lipids Nucleic Acids
Slide 16
PROTEINS The Elements Carbon Nitrogen Hydrogen Oxygen The
Monomer Amino acids The Polymer Protein The Elements Carbon
Nitrogen Hydrogen Oxygen The Monomer Amino acids The Polymer
Protein
Slide 17
PROTEINS The structure of proteins is VERY important STRUCTURE
= FUNCTION The structure of proteins is VERY important STRUCTURE =
FUNCTION
Slide 18
CARBOHYDRATES The Elements Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen The Monomer
Monosaccharides = Simple sugars The Polymer Polysaccharides =
Complex Carbohydrates = Starches & Glycogen The Elements Carbon
Hydrogen Oxygen The Monomer Monosaccharides = Simple sugars The
Polymer Polysaccharides = Complex Carbohydrates = Starches &
Glycogen
Slide 19
LIPIDS The Elements Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen Made up of (not a
polymer) Glycerols + Fatty Acids The Elements Carbon Hydrogen
Oxygen Made up of (not a polymer) Glycerols + Fatty Acids
Slide 20
LIPIDSA Little More Families of lipids Phospholipids Fats
Steriods Families of lipids Phospholipids Fats Steriods
Slide 21
Phospholipids Glycerol Head - Hydrophilic Fatty Acid Tail -
Hydrophobic Basic Structure Head - glycerol + PO 4 Tail - 2 fatty
acids Make up cell membranes Basic Structure Head - glycerol + PO 4
Tail - 2 fatty acids Make up cell membranes
Slide 22
Fats Basic Structure Head - glycerol Tail - fatty acids
Triacylglycerol Glycerol linked to 3 fatty acids Basic Structure
Head - glycerol Tail - fatty acids Triacylglycerol Glycerol linked
to 3 fatty acids
Slide 23
Saturated vs Unsaturated Fats
Slide 24
Saturated fats All C bonded to H No C=C double bonds long,
straight chain most animal fats solid at room temp. contributes to
cardiovascular disease (atherosclerosis) = plaque deposits
Slide 25
Unsaturated fats C=C double bonds in the fatty acids plant
& fish fats vegetable oils liquid at room temperature the kinks
made by double bonded C prevent the molecules from packing tightly
together
Slide 26
Saturated vs. Unsaturated saturatedunsaturated
Slide 27
NUCLEIC ACIDS The Elements Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen Nitrogen
Phosphorus The Monomer Nucleotides The Polymer Nucleic Acids (DNA
& RNA) The Elements Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen Nitrogen Phosphorus
The Monomer Nucleotides The Polymer Nucleic Acids (DNA &
RNA)