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ComputersComputers
Basic Components needed for a Basic Components needed for a functioning computerfunctioning computer
Basic ComponentsBasic Components
MotherboardMotherboard
Central Processing Unit (CPU)Central Processing Unit (CPU)
Memory (RAM)Memory (RAM)
Video Card/AdapterVideo Card/Adapter
Basic ComponentsBasic Components
Hard DriveHard Drive
Optical DriveOptical Drive
Case Case
Power SupplyPower Supply
Basic ComponentsBasic Components
MonitorMonitor
KeyboardKeyboard
MouseMouse
Operating System (OS)Operating System (OS)
Floppy DriveFloppy Drive
12 Basic Components12 Basic ComponentsMotherboardMotherboard
CPUCPURAMRAM
Video CardVideo CardHDHD
CD or DVDCD or DVDCaseCasePSPS
MonitorMonitorKBKB
MouseMouseOSOS
Other ComponentsOther ComponentsSound CardSound Card
SpeakersSpeakers
ModemModem
Network Card (NIC)Network Card (NIC)
ScannerScanner
PrinterPrinter
Etc.Etc.
First Personal ComputerFirst Personal ComputerThe Apple II was the first true The Apple II was the first true
"personal computer" it was factory "personal computer" it was factory built, in-expensive and easy to learn built, in-expensive and easy to learn
and use. Provided with the most and use. Provided with the most extensive set of software and low extensive set of software and low
cost floppy disks, the Apple II was cost floppy disks, the Apple II was also the first personal computer also the first personal computer
capable of color graphics and easy capable of color graphics and easy modem operationmodem operation
First Killer ApplicationFirst Killer Application
Visicalc (Visible Calculator)Visicalc (Visible Calculator)
Development of the Visicalc Development of the Visicalc spreadsheet program created a spreadsheet program created a
business tool that made adoption of business tool that made adoption of Apple II a regular part of business. Apple II a regular part of business.
First Intel PC ComputerFirst Intel PC Computer
The MITS Altair was the first 8080 The MITS Altair was the first 8080 based kit microcomputer. It was based kit microcomputer. It was first introduced in the January, first introduced in the January,
1975 issue of Popular Electronics 1975 issue of Popular Electronics magazine as a construction magazine as a construction
project. Although not the first project. Although not the first available microcomputer , it was available microcomputer , it was
the start of the PC industry.the start of the PC industry.
First PC ComputerFirst PC ComputerThe original IBM Personal Computer was The original IBM Personal Computer was
released in August 1981. It cost a little released in August 1981. It cost a little under $3000 and came with 64Kb of under $3000 and came with 64Kb of
Random Access Memory (RAM), 40Kb of Random Access Memory (RAM), 40Kb of Read Only Memory (ROM) which included a Read Only Memory (ROM) which included a
BASIC interpreter, a 160Kb floppy disk, BASIC interpreter, a 160Kb floppy disk, version 1.0 of MS-DOS, and a cassette version 1.0 of MS-DOS, and a cassette
interface.interface.
XT ComputerXT Computer
In March 1983, the IBM Personal In March 1983, the IBM Personal Computer XT (eXtended Computer XT (eXtended
Technology) was unveiled with a Technology) was unveiled with a built-in 10 MB fixed disk. built-in 10 MB fixed disk.
XT ComputerXT Computer
It consisted of a Central Processing It consisted of a Central Processing Unit (CPU) which was the Intel Unit (CPU) which was the Intel
8088 running at 4.77 MHz, some 8088 running at 4.77 MHz, some RAM, some ROM containing the RAM, some ROM containing the
machine's Basic Input Output machine's Basic Input Output System (BIOS)System (BIOS)
AT ComputerAT Computer
In 1984, the IBM AT (Advanced In 1984, the IBM AT (Advanced Technology) Using an Intel 80286 Technology) Using an Intel 80286
processor, a 16-bit bus, a medium-processor, a 16-bit bus, a medium-speed hard disk and a 1.2 speed hard disk and a 1.2
megabyte floppy disk drive megabyte floppy disk drive
Second Killer ApplicationSecond Killer Application
LOTUS 1-2-3LOTUS 1-2-3
Another spreadsheet program Another spreadsheet program developed from the un-copyrighted developed from the un-copyrighted Visicalc program originally on the Visicalc program originally on the
Apple II computerApple II computer
ATX ComputerATX ComputerAn open PC motherboard specification An open PC motherboard specification
by Intel ATX is a development of the by Intel ATX is a development of the Baby AT specification with the Baby AT specification with the
motherboard rotated 90 degrees in the motherboard rotated 90 degrees in the chassis. The CPU and SIMM sockets chassis. The CPU and SIMM sockets have been relocated away from the have been relocated away from the
expansion card slots meaning that all expansion card slots meaning that all the slots support full-length cards. the slots support full-length cards.
Modern ComputersModern Computers
ATX computers are the current ATX computers are the current standard form-factor for PCsstandard form-factor for PCs
INTELINTEL
AMDAMD
Computer LanguageComputer Language
Bit = 0 or 1Bit = 0 or 1
Byte = 8 bitsByte = 8 bits
Byte = Character (ABC, 012, etc)Byte = Character (ABC, 012, etc)
Computer LanguageComputer LanguageKilobyte (KB/K) = 1,024 bytesKilobyte (KB/K) = 1,024 bytes
221010
Megabyte (MB/M) = 1,048,576 bytesMegabyte (MB/M) = 1,048,576 bytes
222020
Gigabyte (Gigabyte (GB/GGB/G) = 1,073,741,824 bytes) = 1,073,741,824 bytes
223030
Computer LanguageComputer Language
HertzHertz
a unit of frequency of electrical a unit of frequency of electrical vibrations equal to vibrations equal to
one cycle per second one cycle per second
Computer LanguageComputer Language
MHz – MegahertzMHz – Megahertz
Mega = MillionMega = Million
GHz – GigahertzGHz – Gigahertz
Giga = BillionGiga = Billion
THz – TerahertzTHz – Terahertz
Tera = TrillionTera = Trillion
Computer TypesComputer TypesINTELINTEL
Based on a CPU designed by the Based on a CPU designed by the INTEL CorporationINTEL Corporation
PentiumPentium
Pentium ProPentium Pro
Pentium IIPentium II
Pentium IIIPentium III
Computer TypesComputer TypesAMDAMD
Based on a CPU designed by Based on a CPU designed by Advanced Micro Devices (AMD)Advanced Micro Devices (AMD)
K6K6
K6-2K6-2
DuronDuron
AMDAMDAthlonAthlon
Athlon IIAthlon II
Athlon XPAthlon XP
Athlon MPAthlon MP
Athlon 64Athlon 64
Athlon 64 FXAthlon 64 FX
Sempron Sempron
Common Computer SpeedsCommon Computer Speeds1.0 GHz1.0 GHz
1.3 GHz1.3 GHz
1.8 GHz1.8 GHz
2.0 GHz2.0 GHz
2.4 GHz2.4 GHz
2.8 GHz2.8 GHz
3.0 GHz 3.0 GHz
Future Computer SpeedsFuture Computer Speeds4.0 GHz by end of 20044.0 GHz by end of 2004
5.0 – 7.0 GHz by end of 20055.0 – 7.0 GHz by end of 2005
10 GHz within 2-3 years 10 GHz within 2-3 years
Computers AvailableComputers AvailablePre-Built ExamplesPre-Built Examples
GatewayGateway
DellDell
Falcon NorthwestFalcon Northwest
AlienwareAlienware
Voodoo PCVoodoo PC
Computers AvailableComputers AvailableOwner-Built – From PartsOwner-Built – From Parts
Newegg.comNewegg.com
Mwave.comMwave.com
Buy.comBuy.com
Pricewatch.com Pricewatch.com