World Meteorological OrganizationWorking together in weather, climate and water

Systematic Development of Multi-Hazard Early Warning Systems

Maryam Golnaraghi, Ph.D.Chief of Disaster Risk Reduction Programme

WIS-CAP Implementation Workshop

6-7 April 2011

WMO HQ

www.wmo.int

WMO

Early Warning Systems are a Critical Component of National Disaster Risk Reduction Programmes

Risk TransferRisk Assessment

Historical Hazard databases

Hazard statistics

Climate forecasting and forward looking hazard trend analysis

Exposed assets & vulnerability

Risk analysis tools

Preparedness (saving lives): early warning systems emergency planning and response

Prevention (Reduction of economic losses): Medium to long term sectoral planning (e.g. zoning, infrastructure, agriculture)

CATastrophe insurance & bonds

Weather-indexed insurance and derivatives

Risk Reduction

Information and Knowledge SharingEducation and training across agencies

Alignment of clear policies, legislation, planning, resources at national to local Levels (Multi-sectoral, Multi-agency)

3

2

5

4

1

6

Marine

Health (etc.)…

Geological

COMMUNITIES AT RISK

hazard warning

NationalGovernment

(emergency systems)

Hydrological

Meteorological

National Technical Services

disasterresponse

Many countries are still in response and relief mode!

haz

ard

war

nin

g

Local government

Disa

sterresp

on

se

hazard warning

While economic losses are on the way up!

Source: EM-DAT: The OFDA/CRED International Disaster Database

0.05

2.66

0.17

1.73

0.39

0.65

0.22 0.25

0.67

0.22

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

56-65 66-75 76-85 86-95 96-05

Geological

Hydrometeorological

Millions of casualties per decade

decade

Loss of life from hydro-

meteorological disasters are decreasing!

4 11 1424

47

88

160

345

103

495

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

56-65 66-75 76-85 86-95 96-05

Geological

Hydrometeorological

Billions of USD per decade

decade

More countries moving from issuing hazard warnings to Multi-Hazard/Risk-based Early Warning Systems Coordination Across Many Agencies, Sectors and levels

National to local emergency plans, legislation and coordination mechanisms

1 2

3 4

NationalGovernment

DRM agency and sectoral coordination

mechanisms

Meteorological

Hydrological

Geological

Marine

Health, Agricuture (etc.)

Capacity Development and Coordinated National Technical Agencies

feedback

feed

bac

k

Community Preparednesswar

nin

gs

warnings

feedback

24

3

5

54

4

5

A different view ….

Local Government

responsible for emergency

preparedness and response

Aligned policies, plans, resources, coordination

1

warnings

WMO in cooperation with nearly 20 UN and international agencies and their network of experts has facilitated the documentation of Good

Practices and Guidelines on Institutional Partnerships in Early Warning Systems with Multi-Hazard Approach

Guidelines on Institutional Aspects EWS with Multi-Hazard ApproachPlanning, legislative, financing, Institutional Coordination and Roles of NMHS

Synthesis of First set of 7 Good Practices (4 more in the pipeline)

Role of National Metrological and Hydrological Services

Bangladesh Cyclone

Preparedness Programme

Cuba Tropical Cyclone

Early Warning System

France and FWI “Vigilan

ce System”

Shanghai Multi-Hazard Emergency

Preparedness Programme

USA Multi-Hazard Early Warning

System

Germany The Warning Management

of the Deutscher

Wetterdienst

JapanMulti-

Hazard Early

Warning System

10 basic principles for effective Early Warning Systems

1. Political recognition of the benefits of EWS along with effective planning, legislation and budgeting

2. Effective EWS are built upon four components:(i)) hazard detection, monitoring and forecasting;

(ii) analyzing risks and incorporation of risk information in emergency planning and warnings;

(iii) disseminating timely and “authoritative” warnings with clarity on the responsibilities and authorityfor issuance of warnings;

(iv) community emergency planning and preparedness and the ability to activate emergency plans to prepare and respond

3. Roles and responsibilities of all EWS stakeholders and their collaboration mechanisms clearly defined and documented in SOPs (who, what, when, how and with whom)

4. Capacities aligned with resources across national to local levels (sustainability)

5. Hazard, exposure and vulnerability information are used to carry-out risk assessments at different levels

6. Clear, consistent and actionable risk-based warnings, issued from a single recognized authoritative source

7. Timely, reliable, redundant and sustainable warning dissemination mechanisms

8. Emergency response plans targeted to the individual needs of the vulnerable communities, authorities, sectors and emergency responders

9. Regular training and education programmes in risk awareness and emergency response actions

10. Effective feedback mechanisms throughout levels of the EWS for system improvement over time

10 basic principles for effective Early Warning System (Continued)

Type I: Multi-Agency DRR Cooperation Projects with World Bank, ISDR, UNDP

and WMO

South East Europe (2007-

present)

South East Asia (early

2010 – ongoing)

Central America and Caribbean

(2010- ongoing)

Special project: WMO Shanghai MH-

EWS Demo

Type II: Multi-Agency Cooperation Projects in end-to-end Multi-Hazard

EWS

Two Types of National/Regional DRR/EWS Capacity Development Projects initiated (2007 – Present)

These capacity development initiatives provide opportunities for adoption and

development of CAP

For more information please contact:Maryam Golnaraghi Tel. 41.22.730.8006Fax. 41.22.730.8023Email. MGolnaraghi@WMO.int

http://www.wmo.int/disasters

Thank You