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Traditional Karen Household Tips ( Sgaw Karen Version )[H.CDw>ul.oh= w>ul.ohvXw-uX;yo;yhReD.

Drum Publication GroupP.O Box 66Kanchanaburi 71000Thailand

October 2005

drum@drumpublications.org

ISBN - 974-93681-2-6

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w>ub.rRtDR'fvJ.wd>vDRrd>[Jo.< yoX0go.< o’D.Ch’D;o.rDRus›Ro.wz.bsJ;bsJ;0HRxXEkmvDRo’D.tk.u.’D;wd>CkmtDRwuh>I eurRM>o’D.tk.wd>vXtbJwcG;vDRI vXo.rDRus›RtvD>ewd>wcd;o.ohph>uD;vDRI

8I oUbdwd>

w>vXtvd. – – – – –oUbd< rd>[Jo.oHupJm< n.tk.< tHo.< o’D.zd_yH

w>ub.rRtDR'fvJ.rRM>oUbdzJetD.uvXm’D;rRuGHmt,JRwz.0HRrRwJmtDRwulmwulm0HR’XEkmtDRvXoyXRylRwuh>I ‘XEkmCkmrd>[Jo.oHupJm< n.tk.<tHo.< o’D.zd_yH’D;zDxD.tDRwuh>I wkRtrH’D;wd>bsJ;tDR’D;ymck.vDRtDRweRrk>qh.xD.etD.ohvDRI erh>’XEkm[D.xH’d;M.uqX’D;bJzd;vdmto;*hRr;vDRI

w>wd>vXx;wz.tHRetD.’D;w>’d;oHupJmwz.rh>*hR< w>’d;csDwz.rh>*hRoh0J’.M.vDRI w>’d;w>v.wz.tHRerh>csDtDRzJrHw0m’D;ymvDR

14

tDR*hR*hRM.uvDRtD.vDRtD’D;uzsgbJ0J’d.r;vDRI w>’d;w>v.wz.w>rRM>tDRohvXyS>v>usgrh>*hR< w>ol.tD.zs;tD.tDRrh>*hR’D;w>yS›RtD.tDRrh>*hRM.vDRI

cI w>pH>Cg

w>’d;w>v.wz.M.wrh>xJetD.oHupJm’D;csDtD.tDRohM.b.IerRtD.tDRohtuvkmuvkm’ftrh>ezDtD.tDRrh>*hR< zDtD.uolxHqXrh>*hRpH>CgtD.tDRrh>*hRM.vDRI w>vXvmwz.tHRrh>w>pH>CgweDRvXerRtD.tDRohM.vDRI

1I [D.wl>ysd>pH>Cg

w>vXtvd.–––––[D.wl>ysd><o.rDRuhsRo.rhwrh>zkqH.’d;< obh[D.vm< eH.odcsH< yoX*DR< yoX0g< wuDRqH.o.<o’D.Ch

w>ub.rRtDR'fvJ.ohuqSJuqSD[D.wl>ysd>0HRcsDxD.tDRCkm’D;o.rDRuhsRo.rhwrh>zkqH.’d;tyS>wpJ;wuh>I rh>uvmxD.wwDR’d.’d.’D;cGJ;vDRympXRtDRwuh>I0Jmymobh[D.vmrRuGHmtzH;’D;wd>bsJ;tDR< qJ;odM>yoX*DRyoX0g<ul;_yHvDRwuDRqH.o.oXzsX.vGH>zsX.'D;wd>M>o’D.ChwpJ;’D;[D.wl>ysd>rh>ck.vDRvH’D;rRuGHmzdqH.v.oh.wz.cJvXm’D;ul;vDRtDRwulmwulm

15

'D;pH>uGHmtxH0HRpH>CgCkmw>vXeuwJmuwDRymwz.wuh>I erh>tJ.’d;tD.vXt[J’D;’XEkmrd>[Jo.wpJ;wuh>I

2I 'd.cd.o.pH>Cg

w>vXtvd. – – – – – ‘d.cd.o.< yoX*DR< rd>[Jo.< od< tHo.< pH>urD><yeDusJo.

w>ub.rRtDR'fvJ.rRM>’d.cd.o.wzsX.cHzsX.< rRuGHmtbh.yS>wz.[H;M>xJtbh.p>'D;ul;vDRtDRblwvg< _yHu’H0HRrRuGHmtcX.o;tuH>M.wuh>I rh>0HRpH>tDRvXtHo.wbsDcHbsD’fod;tuH;u[gr>wuh>I qJ;odxD.yoX*DR<wd>M>obh[D.v.<qSDvDRrd>[Jo.oHupJmwuh>I qH;vDRCkmyeDusJo.xJod;eo;vDtqH.rh>0HR pH>CgCkmtDRcJvXmwuh>I

3I udpHo.(rmo.) pH>Cg

w>vXtvd. – – – – –udpHo.< obh[D.vmwd>url.< yoX*DRA0g< rd>[J o.Churl.< o’D.Ch< o.rDRus›Ro.‘D;n.tk.cd.xH

w>ub.rRtDR'fvJ.[H;M>udpHo.ubsH;’H;wz.xXEkmvDRvXvDcDbsX.uolz;’d.tylR<'D;xXEkmCkmyoX*DR0gqJ;od’D;odzJetD.bJ (ymwh>tDRwpJ;vXeuzSHvDRvXtzDcd.)< obh’D;o’D.Chwd>url.< o. rDRus›Ro.txHzJetD.bJ<

16

rd>[Jo.Ch’D;w>t*RvXrRbJxD.w>t&D>wz.0HRpH>CgtDRwuh>ItD.uG>tqH.< tqX’D;t[Jwuh>I ySRweDRxXEkmvDR0Jyxd;o.’D;wuDRqH.o.ph>uD;M.vDRI 0HRtvD>cHxXEkmuhRtDRvXvDcDubs.tylR0HRzSHvDRtzDcd.’D;yoX*DR0gqJ;odpSD;pSD;wz.wuh>I

uGHpHo.pH>CgwcG;tHRetD.uvDtDRrh>*hR< tD.’D;rhRrh>*hRoh0JvDRI w>’d;w>v.t*Rwz.’ftrh>uoh.cD.rh.’d;< ‘d.cd.o.< wuGH’k.’D;w>’d;w>v.vXetD.bJwuvkm*hRwuvkm*hRM.epH>CgtD.tDR’ftHRohvDRI

*I uol[D.bD.tuvkmuvkm

rhRrh>ySRunDzdtw>tD.rd>yS>M.vDRI rhRM.ycsDtD.tDRoh< yqJ;odtD.tDRoh< ywhRtD.tDRoh< ytD.tDR’D;w>xHw>ed< w>wd>< w>’d;w>v.’D;uol[D.bD.wz.ph>uD;ohM.vDRI yutD.xJw>wd>ud;eHR’J;ytD.wbJtCdwbsDbsDyuvJR[;yS>’D;CktD.w>zH;w>n.< xd.zdvH.zdrhwrh>yubk.tD.qD< xd.’h.< [;CktD.n.’D;ySRvXttd.vX0h>ylRwz.wcDb.yS›RtD.0J’.M.vDRI w>zH;w>n.’D;w>’d;w>v.wz.tHRyzDtD.tDRtuvkmuvkm’fod;ytD.tDRubJt*D>M.vDRI vXvmtHRyymzsgxD.w>tD.w>tDweDRvXySRunDzdwz.zDtD.nDEk>0JM.vDRI etD.b.wbsDbsDvH{gI yuzDtD.uG>wbD{gI

17

1I rhRwhR

w>vXtvd. – [ko;w>vXub.pl;ug– 0.v.(w>tv.)< qSg

w>ub.rRtDR'fvJ.rRM>0.csK.vXwyS>wp>t’l’d.wpJ;wuydm’D;rRuqSDtDR*hR*hRwuh>IrRM>v. (w>tv.) ‘D;rRuqSDtDR0HRoh pH>[ko;’D;bd.xD.tDRwpSDRwbd.wpSDRwbd.0HRpXCmtDRwb.CH;uJmqd;b.’D;‘XEkmtDRvX0.yDRylRwuh>I 0.yDRtudylRM.’XEkmvDR’D;xHwpJ;0HRwhRtDRvXrh.tlwuh>IwkRtxHvDRoH;’D;0.yDRuChxDxD.’D;xk;xD.uhRtDRwbd.wbd.wuh>I [ko;eXrl< 0.bD.eXrltCdrhRwhRtHRubJ’d.r;vDRI t0JtHRw>ud;tDRvXrhRwhRM.vDRI rhRwhRM.eXrl0J’D;etD.tDRbJ’d.M>rhRvXezDtD.vXoyXRylRvDRI

2I rhRzd

w>vXtvd. ––––– ye>n.rhwrh>usD>n.rhwrh>qDn.Chwcg cg< [ko;<rd>[Jo.< n.tk.< tHo.w>vXub.pl;ug––––– 0.yDRw

uydm

18

w>ub.rRtDR'fvJ.rRM>0.yDRvXtuqSDwuydm< ‘XEkmvDRye>n.rhwrh>usD>n.rhwrh>qDn.Chwcgcg’XEkmCkm[ko;< rd>[Jo.< tHo.< n.tk.’D;whRtDRwuh>I eurRM>rhRzdvDRI

3I xd;n.'D;bD.pk.qH.

w>vXtvd. ––––– bD.qH.< xd;n.< tHo.w>vXub.pl;ug – – – – – w>uH;nmrhwrh>oh.v.

w>ub.rRtDR'fvJ.bD.M.qSDvDRtDRwubsH;wubsH;vGH>eX.weDR< ul;u0DRtDRweDRrh>0HRbd.xD.tDRvXw>uH;nmrhwrh>oh.v.’D;ymtDRwEGHwuh>I tpdeXoHupJmrh>[gr>< txHrh>ChxD’D;ohpDuGHmtDR’D;csDrHxD.tDRwuh>I ul;vDRph>uD;xd;n.wubsH;wubsH;csDtDRwkRtxHvDRoH;tod[JxD.’D;’XEkmuhRbD.vXecsDrHM.< cGJ;cG;tDRb.vdmb.p;’D;’XEkmCkmtHo.<rd>[Jo.toHupJm0HRvlEkmvDRCkmrhRxHwuh>I wkRtxHrh>bl;uvDRoH;C.C.’D;’XEkmrd>*H>zdturl.’D;ebsX.vDRtD.tDRohvDRI

19

4I xd;CHck;uol

w>vXtvd. – xd;*k>CH< vl>cho.zsd< vl>o.zsd< yxd;o.< whvhuho.< wduo.< vl>ch’d;< [D.wX.’d;< [D.ChzD<cDcgo.<usD>eXRo.<n.tk.<tHo.

w>ub.rRtD.'fvJ.csDM>xd;CH< tn.rh>rHvH’D;xXEkmvDRvl>cho.zsd< yxd;o.< whvhwuho.< wdudo.< vl>chpd;< vl>chzD< [D.wX.’d;< [D.ChzD< cDcgo.< usD>eXRo.< n.tk.xH'D;tHo.wpJ;wuh>I rh>rHvHM.etD.uG>t0H.od<tc.< tqX0HRerh>tD.ud>ud>vXRvXRM.bJ’d.r;vDRI

5I xd;n.'D;vl>cho.

w>vXtvd. – – – – – xd;n.< vl>cho.< yoX*DR< yoX0g< wth

w>ub.rRtDR'fvJ.wd>M>yoX*DR< yoX0g< wth’D;qJ;odxD.tDR0HRul;vDRxd;n.wvd.wvd.’D;’XEkmvDRtDRwuh>I cGJ;cG;tDR0HRu;bXCmtcd.wuh>I zD.uG>xd;n.rh>wuykm’H;b.’D;vltgxD.xHzDwkRtxHvDRoH;’D;todxD.wuh>I ul;vDRvl>cho.tvd.xJod;xd;n.tvd.< ohpDtDR0HR’D;’XEkmvDRtDRwuh>I u;bXtcd.wkRtrHvH’D;cGJ;cG;tDR’D;vlEkmuhReqX.wd>txH’D;usX>bXtcd.< ’k;uvmtDRwwDR’d.’d.0HRecGJ;vDRtD.tDRohvDRI

20

6Ixd;CHrhwrh>qDCHw>uydm'D;*h>c.'k.'D;[D.xH

w>vXtvd. – – – – – xd;CHrhwrh>qDCH< [ko;< [D.xH< *h>c.’k.

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21

7I xd;oGH.uol

w>vXtvd. ––––– xd;oGH.< xd;ySHmp>< xd;ol.< xd;o;< xd;turD< yoX*DR< yoX0g< wth< tHo.< bkrk>yS>

w>ub.rRtDR'fvJ.ul;vDRM>xd;n.< xd;ySHmp>< xd;ol.< xd;o;< xd;turDwcgwpJ;0HRcsDxD.tDRwkRtrHC.C.wuh>I wd>M>yoX*DR< yoX0g< wth<bkrk>yS>0HR’XEkmvDRqlw>csDxHusgwuh>I rh>0HR’XEkmvDRxd;toGH.cGJ;cG;tDR’fod;tokwud.vd.w*hRt*D>wuh>I wkRecGJ;vDRtDR‘D;’XEkmvDRyoX*DR’D;rd>*Hmzdurl.wuh>I erh>tDtDRud>ud>vXRvXR’D;urh>r;uolwuyXRvXeo;yhReD.tDRwohb.M.vDR

8I qDn.'D;'Ho.

w>vXtvd. – qDn.< ‘Ho.< w>eXrleXqSD< od

w>ub.rRtDR'fvJ.wd>vDRw>eXrleXqSD’ftrh>yoX*DR< yoX0g’D;wthwz.0HRzDxD.’D;qDn.wuh>I td.cd;wpd>zd0HR’XEkmvDR’Ho.’D;Ch.tDRwkRtvDRbsJ;uJxD.toH;wuh>I epH>bD;tD.’D;rhRbJr;vDRI erh>tJ.’d;tD.bDbDzdwcDexXEkmvDRo,Durl.oh0JM.vDRI

22

9I qDn.u.rH

w>vXtvd. – – – – – qD’Dbh.wbh.< yoX*DRAyoX0g< wth< obh[DxH< tHo.< wuDRqH.o.< rd>[Jo.< yusX’d;

w>ub.rRtDR'fvJ.rRoHM>qDwyS>wp> (qDrd>AqDzgueD) wbh.< xJ;uGHmtql.rRuqSJuqSDtDR0HRxk;uGHmtySHmtuxDvXtudylRwz.cJvXm0HRpH>tcsX'D;tudylRwd>Cmwth’D;yoX0g’D;tHo.M.*hR*hRwuh>I rh>ohpH>CkmtDR ’D;obh[DxHwpJ;’fod;tvGJ>u*hRt*D>wuh>I rh>0HRrRM>eD.cd.pl’d.’d.wbd’D;wk>xD.vXqDtvdRp;xD.vXtcHwkRvXtudmwuh>I rRM>x;’XwzsX.’D;zsD.vDRqDvXtylRM.wuh>I rRM>oh.v.Chrhwrh>vD>tCh‘D;yl.xD.tDRvXx;’XtzDcd.’D;’GJ.xD.tDRwuh>I eoh.v.rhwrh>evD>rh>vXm’D;’XEkmu’D;toDwkRvXeqDn.M.eXrlxD.wuh>IwkReqdurd.urHC.C.vHM.xk;xD.uGHmx;’XvXrh.tlylR’D;td;xD.uG>rh>rHvH’D;’XEkmvXvDcDtylRwuh>I ‘D.wJmuGHmtudm< usDvDRtDRwulmwulmxJod;od;Ckm’D;tcd.< ‘D;t’H;qhtpktcD.wz.0HRym0;w&H;tDRvXqDtrd>yS>uyRuh>I uwJmuwDRCkm’D;yoX*DRo.< rd>[Jo.oHupJm< wuDRqH.o.’D;yusX’d;M.wuh>I

10I qDqJ;od'Dbh.uolw>vXtvd. – qDwbh.< od< yoX*DR< yoX0g< wth

23

w>ub.rRtDR'fvJ.rRoHM>qDw’d.wqH;< wyS>wp>wbh.0HR ohuqSDtDRrl>rl>eD>eD>wuh>Iul;oh.z;t[XzXwpJ;’D;xk;xD.tySHm< tuxD< tol.to;wz.0HRrRuqSDtudylR< ul;_yHvDR’D;csDrHxD.tDRwuh>I ul;vDRyoX*DR< yoX0g<EGJ.wclwH>’D;ob.bd.cd.< ob.*DRwH>< ob.’d;wcgwpJ;0HRrRM>odwpJ;’D;qJ;odxD.uhRqDySHm< qDuxDwz.’D;EGJ.wclwH> rHrHwrHrH0HR’XEkmw>’d;w>v.wz.’D;pdmvDRuGHmtDRwuh>I

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11I xd;odw>wd>

24

w>vXtvd. – – – – – xd;n.oXu-xX< bD.Ch< rd>[Jo.oHupJm< yxd;o.< tHo.

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12I n.whRvX0.yDRylR

w>vXtvd. –––––n.vXt’Dbdwz.< uHul;’d;< yoX*DR< tHo.

w>ub.rRtDR'fvJ.upX>cd.n.tusgn.xD< n.cs›< n.vX>wz.M.tCHp>tCdewhRtD.tDRM.etD.CkmtCHohvDRI Ck&hxXM>n.vXtbdxJod;od;< pH>tDRvXtHo.0HR’XEkmtDRql0.yDRtylRClCl’D;whRtDRwuh>I wkRtxHvDRoH;vHM.oh.ngvXtrHvHvDRI rRoh.z;uhR0.yDR< xk;xD.uhRn.’D;yvD>o;’fod;n.okwu>bsJ;w*hRM.wuh>I [H;M>vDcDz;vJ>wbh.’D;&J.vDRn.CHCHvRvRwuh>I n.tcd.M.ymtDRqlvDcDtcX.o;’D;trJ>cHM.ymtDRqlvDcDtuElRwcDwuh>I ymvDRw>’d;w>v.vXtvg[hzdvXvDcDtylR’D;ul;vDRwuDRqH.wu0DRwu0DR’D;ymvDR0;w&H;vXvDcDtcd.’lwuh>I euG>uvDR*mb.eRvXzDz;’d.wzD;vDRIqJ;odM>yoX*DRwkRt*DRxD.’D;zSHvDRtDRvXn.tzDcd.M.wuh>I

25

13I vH.ytD,JmbsJ;uol

w>vXtvd. – – – – – vH.ytD< yoX*DR< yoX0g< wth< rd>[Jo.< rd>*Hmzd<od< bkrk>yS>(wySd>wth)

w>ub.rRtDR'fvJ.vH.ytDM.rRb.tX(vh.vl)tDRvXz.qgud>ud>tusg’fod;exJ;tql.unDt*D>’D;xJ;uGHmtql.wuh>I tql.rh>td.wh>’H;ylRbdylRbdM.vJ;tDRvXrh.tlv.’fod;rh.tlutD.uGHmtDRwuh>I usDuGHmtpkrh.cD.rh.<tx;cd.< trJ< w>vXe-uX;usDuGHmwz.0HRyRtDRvXqX.wd>bdwkRtCHbsJ;wpkwuh>I 0HR,JmbsJ;vDRtDR’D’kngwuh>I

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14I vH.ytDwhRvX0.yDR

w>vXtvd. –––––vH.ytD< rd>[Jo.oHupJm< tHo.< n.tk.< zDc.

w>ub.rRtDR'fvJ.

26

xJ;uGHmvH.ytDw’ktql.< xk;xD.uGHmtth.wz.cJvXm0HR,JmbsJ;tDR’Dw’kng’D;’XEkmtDRvX0.yDRwyS>wp>wuydmtudylRwuh>I w>vXywhRtD.w>vX0.yDRylRM.yb.rRwphtcd.wuyR‘fod;yvlvDRtDRunDt*D>M.vDRI ‘XEkmrd>[Jo.toHupJm< [ko;’D;whRtDRwuh>I[ko;rh>z;vH’D;,JmbsJ;M>n.tk.wpJ;< 'D;zSd;CkmtDRwuh>I e rh>tJ.’d;vXc.wpJ;’D;’XEkmzDc.rhwrh>w>’d;vXtc.wrHRrHRwuh>I ymuvmtDRvXrh.tluyR’XEkmtHo.0HRzSd;tDRwkRrd>[Jo.bsJ;’D;CgCkmvdmto;cJvXmwuh>I rh>eXrleXqSDxD.vH’D;ecGJ;vDRtDR’D;tD.ohvDRI w>n.t*Rwz.ph>uD;ewhRtD.tDR’ftHRtod;ohph>uD;vDRI

15I ck.xHzDuol

w>vXtvd. – ck.xHzD< tHo.< xd;n.rhwrh>xd;CH< bD.qH.<rd>[Jo.oHupJm< o’D.tk. rhwrh>n.tk.

w>ub.rRtDR'fvJ.‘J;M>ck.xHzD[H;M>xJ’.tzDbDbDwuh>I rRuGHmtcX.o;wz.ohuqSJuqSDtDR'D;qSDvDRtDRwulmwulm0HRcsDxD.tDRvXtHo.wuh>I erh>tJ.’d;tD.vXxd;n.’D;rRM>xd;CHrhwrh>xd;n.ul;vDRtDRwpkrk>’d.’D;csDtDRwuh>I rRuJRrh.tl*hR*hR< wb.cGJ;cG;tDRw*hRI txHrh>vDRoH;vH’D;vlEkmu’D;xH’D;csDtDRwkRck.xHzDvDRubk.’D;xd;n.rHwuh>I ohM>bD.qH.pH>uGHmtxH’fod;tokwqH.uJmqd;w*hRwuh>I rh>0HR’XEkmvDRtDRvXck.xHzDtusgCkm’D;rd>[Jo.oHupJmwuh>I erh>tJ.’d;t&D>CXwpJ;’D;’XEkmo’D.tk.rhwrh>n.tk.wpJ;wuh>I bD.qH.rh>rHvH

27

’D;ecGJ;cG;tDRb.vdmb.p;’D;ewXRvDRtD.tDRohvDRI ck.xHzDuoltHRurh>uolvXtbJ;r;woyXRvDRI16I CX.uolCX.uolM.w>zDtDRohtuvkmuvkmM.vDRI w>vD>wwDR’D;wwDRzD0JvDRqDvdmto;M.vDRI cDzsdy0JyySRunDwz.nDEk>yrh>ySRoh.wz.vXySJRw>td.’D;ySR’D;yzDohM.vDRI

n.pCdRCX.uolw>vXtvd. – – – – –n.pCdR (ig;&Hh) wbd< yoX*DR< yoX0g< wth< ySd>w

th([D.*DRySd>)< rd>[Jo.< CX.url.< od< n.tk.cd.xH< tHo.

w>ub.rRtDR'fvJ.wd>vDRyoX*DR< yoX0g< wth< rd>[Jo.Ckm’D;tHo.wpJ;wuh>I n.pCdRM.yRuubk;tDR0HRuGJ;oh.z;t[XzX< xXEkmvDRyoX*DR0gwd>vXn.t[XzXylR’D;pXwH>uhRn.’D;ySd>wth([D.*DRySd>)tv.wuh>I ‘duvmxD.odweD.wXRvXoyXRylR’D;qJ;odrd>[Jo.wd>vXttd.wh>weDRwuh>I yoXo.rh>eXrlxD.’D;qJ;odxD.n.pCdR’D;xXEkmvDRxHwpJ;wuh>I 0HRtvD>cHCX.url.M.usJ.usD’D;xHck.’fod;tud.vd.okwtd.w*hRt*D>0HRxXEkmtDRvXuoloyXRtylRwuh>I cGJ;cG;tDRcJtHRcJtHRwkRvXtuvm’D;CX.url.rHwpkM.wuh>I tDuG>tqXt[D’D;zJCX.rHvHM.eurRM>n.pCdRCX.uolvXteXrl‘D;bJwcG;M.vDRIerh>wtJ.’d;tD.rd>[Jo.wcDewd>xJyoX*DR< yoX0g0HRqJ;odrHvXodtusgwuh>I xXEkmn.vXetD.bJ’D;xHwpJ;’D;’dxD.wkRtuvm

28

xD.0HR< xXEkmvDRCX.url.vXeusJympXR‘D;xH0HRcGJ;cG;tDR’fod;okwud.vd.ud.xDto;w*hR’D;tDuG>tqXt[Dwuh>I CX.url.rh>rH<ymvDRtDR’D;eutDb.uolxHvXtbJwcG;M.vDRI

w>vD>weDReDRwcD’dxD.xHcsDxXEkmvDR0Jn.’fM.vDRI wkRrh>uvmxD.wcDxXEkm0J CX.url.0HRxXEkmvDR0JzkqH.’d;’D;tD0J’fCX.uolwcgtod;ph>uD;vDRI rRuG>zJtubJb.eRwuh>I

CI ud.tuvkmuvkm

y0JySRunDwz.zJyol.bktcgM.yol.ph>uD;ytHvDRI ytHwz.td.0Jtuvkmuvkm’ftrh>ytH0g’D;ytHolwz.M.vDRI bk’D;ytHoh.wz.tHRyzDtD.whRtD.tDRrh>*hR< qJ;odtDRrh>*hR< *HmbsJ;wd>bsJ;tDR0HRyrRtD.uhRtDRvXud.tuvkmuvkmohph>uD;M.vDRI yrRtD.nDEk>ud.{dRzh{dRvXytD.vdmuGJt*D>< ‘k;tD.yzdyvHRt*D>< wl>vdmwrSHRwysDRt*D>’D;rRqgtD.t*D>M.vDRI cDzsdvXyrRtD.’ftHRtCdwvd.yrRvXm*DRphvXyS›RtD.ud.t*D>b.I yrh>rRqgtD.ph>uD;yutd.xD.’D; w>[JEkmvXyuolupGJb.vX[H.CDt*D>M.vDRI vXvmtHRyymzsgxD.ud.tuvkmuvkmvXw>rRtDRvX[k’D;ytHwz.M.vDRI

1I rhRwd>yHm

w>vXtvd. – – – – – ytH< eH.odcsH< tHo.w>yD;w>v D – D – D – D – D – qX.< usH.< oyXR[X

29

w>ub.rRtDR'fvJ.pk.vDRytHvXxHusg 2–3 e.&H.0HR[XxD.ytHwkRtrH*hR*hRwuh>IytHub.rh>ytHvXwy.Ckm’D;tbh.tzH;b.’fod;ywd>tDRubsJ;*hR*hRt*D>vDRI eH.odM.eub.0JmrHtDR0HRwd>bsJ;tDRM.vDRI qX.tudylR’D;usH.tcd.M.eub.zltDR'D;eH.odvXewd>bsJ;tDR‘fod;qX.’D;usH.wz.tokwpJbl;wH>’D;ytHw*hRt*D>vDRI[XrHytH0HR< ‘XEkmvDRqlqX.ylR’D;wd>tDRzJtud>’H;tzXrk>tcgwuh>I zJewd>ytHtzXrk>‘XEkmvDRCkmtHo.’D;eH.odcsHvXewd>bsJ;ymtDRwuh>I wkRrh>ytHtzsX.wz.bsJ;vHM.uuJxD.0JrhRwd>yHmvDRI

w>ub.u,Xu,JtDR'fvJ.zJewd>0HRwbsDCD< ul;vDRtDRwvd.wvd.’D;’XEkmtDRvXvDcDylR’D;erh>tD.ud>vl;ud>vDM.bJ’d.r;vDRI b.q.zJtck.vDR0HRM.eul;vDRtDRwbh.wbh.’fq.,J>eX.oh< vGH>eX.oh< ‘fzDt’dtod;‘D;qJ;odtDRM.etD’D;xHcsDqXbJ’d.r;vDRI w>tvd.zJy’XEkmvDRqlvDcDylRtcgerh>u,Xu,JtDRM.uzsgvDRtD.vDRtD’D;euG>zsgu*hRph>uD;vDRI rhRwd>yHmM.ewd>tDRvXytHolrhwrh>ytH0gohcJvXmvDRI

2I rhRpk.yDR (rhRpk.bsD)

w>vXtvd. – – – – – ytHw>vXub.pl;ugtDR–––––ub.rh>0.vXw>ud;tDRvX0.bsDxJwrHR{dRvDRI

30

w>ub.rRtDR'fvJ.pk.vDRymytH’D;xH 2–3 e.&H.wuh>I rRM>0.bsDwuydm’D;rRuqSDtDR*hR*hR0HR’XEkmvDRytHql0.bsDtylR’D;whRtDRvXrh.tlwuh>I whRqdtcd.wcD0HR’D;whRuhRvXtcHwcDwuh>I w&H;0.M.,>cD,>cDwuh>IwkRrh>ytHrHvH’D;uuJxD.0J’.rhRpk.bsDM.vDRI erh>tJ.’d;rRbJxD.tDRrh>*hR< rRCHrRvRtDRrh>*hR< exXEkmobhtuvkmuvkmrhwrh>CDREk>xHvXytHtusgohph>uD;vDRI

w>ub.u,Xu,JtDR'fvJ.td;uGHmtzH;0HRul;vDRtDRwulmwulmrhwrh>wu0DRwu0DR’D;zJe’XEkmvDRvXvDcDylRtcgerh>usJRvDRtDR*hR*hRM.uzsg*hRr;’D;zsg0H.zsgbJr;M.vDRI rh>vXerRtDRvX0.bsDtCdeuxH.b.vXttd.’D;tobsH;blovgzdM.vDRI rh>ck.vDRvHM.eqJ;odtD.tDRohvDRI rhRpk.bsDM.etD’D;xHcsDqXbJ’d.r;M.vDRI vXw>vD>weDReDRqSDvDR0Jwulmwulm0HR’D;ul;oh.z;0JvXtcX.o;vDRI uG;vDR0JCDRo.< xXEkmvDR0JtHo.qX’D;CDRo.vXtuql;’D;u;wHmtD.0JvDR*mpJCJR’D;ud.}wHmwcgM.vDRI ewhRtDRvXytH0go;oh< ytHolo;oh0JvDRI

3I rhRwDR

w>vXtvd. – ytH (erh>tJ.’d;’XEkmtHo.ohw’XEkmoh)w>vXw>ub.pl;ugtDR ––––– 0.oDCJ.tv.rhwrh>wcDv.< qSg

31

w>ub.rRtDR'fvJ.pk.vDRymytH 2–3 e.&H.wuh>I rRuqSJuqSD0.v.rhwrh>wcDv.*hR*hR0HRwHmwJmtcd.tcH0HRcsH;w&H;tDR’f(uawmhyHk)tod;rhwrh>‘fcsd.rhRwDRtod;wuh>I rh>0HRvH’D;’XEkmvDRytHql0.v.rhwrh>wcDv.tylR0HRu;bXuhRtcd.’D;ChCmtDRvXqSgwuh>I rh>0HRcsDtDRwkRytHrH*hR*hRwuh>I rh>rHvH’D;uuJxD.0JrhRwDRvDRI

w>ub.u,Xu,JtDR'fvJ.epdmvDRvXvX>qDcd.0HR’XEkmvDRqlvDcDylR’D;erh>usJRvDRtDRb.vdmb.p;M.uzsgvDR*m’fcsd.rhRwDRtod;tcd.zduzsgu0DRusDR’D;tcHuzsgplplzdeuG>zsg*hRr;vDRI rhRwDRM.etD.tDRvXxHcsDqXbJr;vDRI

4I ytH[X

w>vXtvd. ––––– ytH< yxd;csHw>vXw>ub.pl;ugtDR –––––oyXRwzsX.< oyXR[XwzsX.< w>

uH;nmwys›

w>ub.rRtDR'fvJ.pk.vDRymytHwpd>zd< csDrHympXRyxd;csHph>uD;wuh>I csDxD.ympXRxHvXoyXRwzsX.zsX.tylRwuh>I ‘XEkmvDRytH’D;yxd;csHvXecsDrHymwz.ql

32

oyXR[XtylRwbsDCDcd;wkRexHcsDvXoyXRylRuvmxD.’D;ymxD.oyXR[XqloyXRzDcd.wuh>I u;bXwH>tcd.*hR*hRwuh>I oyXR[X’D;oyXRtbX.pXR’fod;xHcsDo0H[;xD.okwM>w*hRt*D>rRbXw&H;tDRvXw>uH;nmtys›zdwbh.’fod;rh.tlokwtD.w>uH;nmw*hRt*D>rRbXtDRvXz.qgwuh>I eutD.b.ytHvXtbJ’D;t&D>td.wuyXRvDRI

5I ytHod

w>vXtvd. ––––– ytH< yoX*DR< yoX0g< od< tHo.< o,Dw>vXw>ub.pl;ug ––––– oyXRtDc. (‘,ftdk;)

w>ub.rRtDR'fvJ.rRM>yoX*DRqSDvDRblovgzd’D;qJ;odxD.tDRCkmo,DwpJ;wuh>I zJteXrlxD.vH’D;yoXo.rHvHM.’XEkmvDRytHvXeohympXR’D;cGJ;cG;tDRb.vdmb.p;’D;’XEkmCkm’D;tHo.wpJ;wuh>I zXEkmvDRxH vXytHtzDcd.wpkrk>’d.’D;u;bXwH>tcd.wuh>I wkRxHvDRoH;’D;ChxDxD.vH’D;cGJ;u’gtDRwuh>I euxH.b.ytHvXtud>bDxD.bDbDzdM.vDRI ytHodtHRytD.Ckm’D;w>n.ChqJ;od< n.ChqJ;od’D;tD’D;xHcsDqXph>uD;bJ’d.r;vDRI

6I ytHwuGHbd.(ytHbX)

w>vXtvd. – ytH< wuGHo.rH< tHo.< tHo.qXw>vXub.pl;ug – wuGHv.< qSg

33

w>ub.rRtDR'fvJ.rRM>wuGHv.wHmwJmtDRxJod;od;0HRuk>!GH;tDRvXrh.tlwpJ;wuh>IpH>CgCkmwuGHo.rH’D;ytH’D;erh>tJ.’d;vXqXCXxD.wpJ;’D;pH>Ckm’D;tHo.wpJ;< tHo.qXwpJ;wuh>I rh>0HRbd.xD.tDRvXwuGHv.’D;pXCmtDR*hR*hR’fod;tokwvDRbh.w*hRt*D>wuh>I rh>0HR’D;e[XtDRoh< ecsDtDRohvDRI rh>rHvH’D;etD.tDR’D;xHcsDqXud>ud>ohrhwrh>eymck.vDRtDR’D;tD.tDRohM.vDRI

7I ud.xHzSH.

w>vXtvd. ––––– ytHurl.< tHo.qX< od

w>ub.rRtDR'fvJ.pH>ytHurl.vXxHwkRtb.vdmb.p;wuh>I erh>tJ.’d;qXwbsDCDM.pH>Ckm’D;tHo.qXwbsDCDwuh>I ‘fod;uuzdt*D>’XEkmqD.’.wpJ;wuh>I vHmvlmtDRwbdwbdxJpkrk>’d.‘D;rRu0DRusDRtDRwuGDRwuGDR’fxHzSH.tod;’D;qJ;odxD.tDRvXodwuh>I eqJ;odtDRrh>rHvHM.euxH.b.ud.xHzSH.vXzsg0H.zsgbJr;wuGDRM.vDRI

erh>wtJ.’d;rR’fM.’D;eqJ;odtDR0HR< 0hRxD.M>tHo.qXrhwrh>eD.0hwkRtb.ysHR’D;zlvDRtDRvXud.xHzSH.wbdb.wbdtzDcd.wuh>I uuJxD.ud.xHzSH.vXtbJ’D;qXr;wuGDRM.vDRI

34

8I ud.bkcho.

w>vXtvd. – – – – – bkcho.< tHo.qX< od

w>ub.rRtDR'fvJ.bkcho.M.nDEk>ycsDrhwrh>yCd’D;yymvDR’.’DzsX.’fM.vDRI b.q.bkcho.M.yrh>’hvDRzSH.tDR0HR0JmxD.tDRvXodwpJ;< tHo.wpJ;M.bJph>uD;vDRI rhwrh>wcDyrh>wd>bsJ;tDRCkm‘D;wthwpJ;0HRpH>CkmtDRvXyoXo.’D;qJ;odtDRwbh.wbh.M.ubJ0Jph>uD;M.vDRI

9I xGJ

w>vXtvd. – – – – – bkbh.rhwrh>ytHbh.w>vXub.pl;ug – – – – – qX.< usH.< oyXRySm0g

w>ub.rRtDR'fvJ.zJbkrhwrh>ytHto.yS>xD.oDwcsK;rH’H;b.tqXuwD>[H;M>bkbh.rhwrh>ytHbh.M.’D;0JmxD.tDRvXoyXRyS>0g(‘eftdk;)tylR’D;wd>tDRvXqX.ylRwuh>I usH.M.tcd.ub.yXR0JvDRI eub.wd>tDRql.ql.’fod;bkbh.rhwrh>ytHbh.wz.M.ubH.t*D>vDRI eub.wd>ph>uD;tDRcs›cs›wcsK;vXtck.vDR’H;b.M.vDRI rh>ck.vDRM.wuJxD.xGJb.trJmnguvDRurl.uGHm0J’.M.vDRI wkRewd>tDR0HR’D;CRuGHmtzh< teH;< xXuGHmtrDR’D;w>vXttd.wh>M.rh>xGJvDRI

35

xGJM.etD.tDRzJtud>tcgbJr;vDRI erh>ym,Hm,HmwcDe0JmtD.uhRtDRrhwrh>eqJ;odtD.uhRtDRvXodud>ud>M.u[JuzdxD.uhR’D;etD.bJ‘d.r;vDRI rhwrh>b.’D;e’XEkmvDRxHcsDud>ud>’D;w>Ek>xHrhwrh>CDREk>xH<tHo.qX’D;eCgCkmtDRetD.bJph>uD;vDRI

10I ud.bX.bD

w>vXtvd. ––––– [kurl.rhwrh>uvJ.url.< xl.xHqSH< CDREk>xH<tHo.qX< w>xHeXrl (yeJ)< vDcDvXtcHzsdwylRwylR

w>ub.rRtDR'fvJ.[kurl.rhwrh>uvJ.url.M.xXEkmvXoyXRylR< usJ.usDCkm'D;xH0HR’drHxD.vXvX>qD cd.cGJ;cG;tDRwkRvXtpJbl;xD.wpJ;0HRxXEkmvDRxl.xHqSH’D;cGJ;cG;tDRwkRvXtud.vd.zdwz.vDRbsJ;*hR*hRwuh>I wb.rRrh.tlql.uJmqd;b.I uwJmuwDRympXRxHck.vXoyXRylR’D;ymvDRCmvDcDvXtcHzsdwylRwylRvXoyXRzDcd.wuh>I zD.uG>eud.vXecGJ;cG;wz.rh>pJ;bl;vdmo;vHM.ebsX.xD.’D;xl;vDRtDRqlvDcDtcHzsdtvdRoh0JvDRI wkRt0HRwpk< bsX.xD.uhRud.wz.vXxHck.usg’D;ymtDRvXw>wcgcgtylRwuh>I exHcsDrh>ud>xD.M.-uX;eqDwvJxHvDRI

xXEkmvDRCDREk>xH< tHo.qX< xHcsD0gvXoyXRylR’D;usJCkmtDRwuh>IxXEkmCkmw>xHeXrlrhwrh>‘GJ.yeJwX.vXcG;qH;qH;zdtylR’D;xXEkmvXoyXRylR< u;wHmtcd.’fod;eud.txHtHRueXrlvXyeJ’D;uvDRtD.t

36

*D>wuh>I [H;M>xHcG;wzsX.< xXEkmvDReud.toH;< vlvDRM>txH’D;etD.tDRohvDRI

11I ud.qD'H.yd.vd

w>vXtvd. ––––– ytHurl. rhwrh> ytHuvJ.< CDREk>xH< tHo.qX

w>ub.rRtDR'fvJ.‘duvmxD.xHcsDwuyXR< pH>yHmxD.ytHurl.’D;xH0HRvHmvlmuzsX.xD.tzsX.zdqH;qH;zdxJod;yEGJ>csHw0m’D;wkRexHcsDuvmxD.’D;xXEkmvDRtDRwuh>I csDtDRwkRvXeud.tzsX.zdwz.xD.zD’D;xXEkmvDRCDREk>xH’D;tHo.qX’D;csDtDRwkRvXtoH;’D;txHtd.wh>ySJRod;’D;tD.uG>ud.zsX.zdwz.rh>rH’D;epdmvDRtDR’D;tD.ohvDRI

12I ud.(ytH)qJ;od

w>vXtvd. –ytHurl.rhwrh>ytHuvJ.< tHo.qXrh wrh>wDvJ( eD.0hxH)< od< oyXRubs.

w>ub.rRtDR'fvJ.ytHurl.rhwrh>ytHuvJ.M.usJ.usDCkm’D;xHxXEkmvDRtHo.qXrhwrh>wDvJ(eD.0hxH)< ySJReo;vD0HRcGJ;cG;CkmwkRtCgCkm*hR*hRwuh>I ‘dxD.oyXRwzsX.0HRvlvDRodzJt-uX;wkRodud>xD.‘D;qJ;odud.vXeusJ.usDympXRM.’D;rRubs.tDRwbh.zdwbh.zd’D;ymtDRwkRtud>bD

37

xD.wpJ;zd’D;C.u’gtDR0HRymu’D;tDRwkRtud>bDxD.’D;ecGJ;xD.uhRtDRvXoyXRylRohvDRI

13I ud.ye>oGH.(ud.ye>ol.)

w>vXtvd.–––––[kurl. rhwrh> uvJ.url.< CDREk>xH< tHo.qXrhwrh>(wDvJ)< xH

w>ub.rRtDR'fvJ.[kurl.M.usJ.usDCkmvXCDREk>xH< tHo.qX< xHwkRtb.vdmb.p;*hR*hR’D;’dxD.vXvX>qDcd.0HReb.0hRtDR’DuwD>ngvDRI wb.rRrh.tlql.ql.b.I 0hRtDRwkRvXtzsX.zdwz.vDRbsJ;*hR*hR’D;exk;xD.uG>eD.’d;uGmwuh>I

eud.vXtpJ;bl;vXeD.’d;uGmvdRM.ub.vDRpDR’D;bs›0JvDRI wb.vDRwvd.wvd.b.I 0HRevlvDRvXvDcDubs.z;vJ>tylR‘D;ymck.vDRtDR0HReul;vDRwvd.wvd.’D;etD.ohvDRI erh>uG;vDRCDRo.wys›wys›0HRtD.’D;ueXrl’D;bJ0J’.M.vDRI

erh>tJ.’d;rRtD.vXtvGJ>ololwcD< tHo.qXtvD>eub.xXEkmvDReD.0holM.vDRI eD.0hM.eub.pkmvDRvXxHusg’D;’k;uJxD.uhRvXtxHM.vDRI ‘D;rRtDR’fywJwh>vHtod;wuh>I

38

14I cDeDxH

cDeDM.w>rRtDRvX[kurl.M.vDRI ywuGJ;w>rRcDeDwqDb.wqDvXRb.I erh>rRtD.’.wyD>cHyD>M.eyS›RtD.M.nD’.w>wuh>vDRI

w>vXtvd.= yoX0g<wth< wySd>wth([D.*DRySd>) n.< CX.url.<yJurl.< wuGH’k.I

w>ub.rRtDR'fvJ.tqdbSDxdD.n.vXuzDxD.cDeDxHt*D>wuh>I ‘duvmxD.xHcsD0HRxXEkmvDRn.< [D.*DRySd> (wySd>wth)< o,D< n.tk.cd.xH (iefjym&nf)‘D;csDxD.tDRwuh>I en.rh>rH’D;wXRxD.uhRtDRwuh>I usJ.usDCX.url.< yJurl.vXxHck.’D;zXEkmvDRtDRvXen.txHusgwuh>I eub.cGJ;cG;M>tDRcJtHRcJtHRvDRI

xXEkmvDRn.oH;weDRqlecDeDxHusg’D;ymwh>uhRweDRvXeuqJ;odt*D>wuh>I wd>vDRyoX*DR0gwth< wySd>wth’D;erh>tJ.’d;t[JwcDexXEkmvDRrd>[Jo.oh0JvDRI 0HR’dxD.odxXEkmvDRo,DqJ;odxD.erd>[Jo.wd>wkRteXrl0HRxXEkmvDRn.oH;vXtd.wh>wuh>I cGJ;cG;xD.eCX.wkRtokwbd.bs›0HRxXEkmvDRn.qJ;od;’D;xHzJtb.wuh>I csDxD.tDRwkRtuvm< xXEkmvDRyoXo.’DzsX.’D;wuGH’k.qSD_yHwuh>I tDuG>tqXt[D’D;tD.tDRud>ud>vXRvXRwuh>I

39

tqX'd.(3)

w>ymuDRw>tD.w>tD'D;w>uG>xGJ[H.{dRCD{dRwbsDbsDzJyuG>xGJ[H.tcgrh>*hR< yrR[H.CDtw>zH;w>rRtcgrh>*hRyuxH.b.w>uDw>cJtuvkmuvkmM.vDRI b.wbsDbsDyn.tk.udtvX.uxD.< yrhRueXud>[h’D;wbsDbsDyqhuRub.tX’D;o,Dwz.M.vDRI w>wz.tHRwbsDbsD’k;td.xD.w>q+*DRyg*DRwz.vDRI b.q.yrh>oh.ngqdympXRw>*h>vXvmwz.tHR’D;urRpXRySRvXw>uG>xGJ[H.CDt*D>M.vDRI

uI w>vXy-uX;oh.ngqdymvXw>uwJmuwDR uG>xGJ[H.CDt*D>

1I tHo.vXtxHxD. =xXEkm[ko;wpDSRvXuwHR(w&Hm)tcH’;wuh>I uwHRylRuolChxDbdvDRI

2I n.tk.tvX.okwxD.w*hRt*D> = = = = = ymtDRuqSJuqSD< uG>xGJtcHcJtHRcJtHR< ‘XEkmrd>*H>zdo.vXn.tk.uwHRylRusX>bXvDRtcd.vXngol;v.< zSLb.tXeuwHRvXz.qg< vX.rh>xD.’XEkmph>uD;’D; w>phRudmv.vXuwHRylR’D;vdtDRvXrk>wbsDwcD.’fod;ueXrlt*D>wuh>I

40

3IIIII uolxH[DvXtHo. = ul;vDRt.vloHupJmpSRuh’XEkmvXuolxHoyXRylRzDuvmxD.tDRpSRrH;eH;0HRxk;xD.uGHmtDRwuh>I tHo.t[DubsguhR0JvDRI

4I rhReXud>tl = = = = = ohpDM>oGJ.v;wvd.xl;olxD.0HRymvDRvXrhRtzDcd.‘D;usX>bXCmuhRerhRoyXRwuh>I wkRezDrhR0HRwpketd;xD.erhReXud>tlu[gr>uGHmvDRI

5I uolxHn.tk.tgwvX ===== ySRweDReDRzJtzDuoltcgxXEkmvDR0Jn.tk.wz.vDRI exXEkmn.tk.rh>tgwvXM.’J;M>vl>chv.pSRbh.’D;’XEkmvXuolxHoyXRylRwuh>I uolxHobSJu[JxD.vXvl>chv.tvdR’D;’X.wXRuGHmvl>chv.wuh>I n.tk.tpDu[gr>uGHmvDRI

6I pkb.tXvXoyXRurl.'D;od = xl;pDepkvXt.vl0HRohpDuGHmvXxHvXRvXRwuh>I

7I oe; (oeyf) = tuvkmuvkm’fod;eymtDR,Hm,Hmuoh< ukRokwxD.w*hRt*D>ym(rHknif;qD)tbd.zdvXoe;tzDcd.’D;ymvXw>u’kzDvmwuh>I

8I rh.tltD.w>uH;nmqhuReXtl = wbsDCD[H;M>yoX*DRwzsX.<ul;wJmtDRcHulmxl;tDRzJrh.tltD.w>tvD>< tylRtcsXcHuyRvdm0HR<pk.vDRvXxHusgwpd>zd0HRxk;xD.q+.pDuGHmtDRvXq;yF.wuh>I

41

9I zJybs;vDRqhuRtcgqhuRb.tX'D;ysHRx;xD.th. =====erh>xH.wbsDCD[H;M>wuDRqH.o.xl;tDReXReXRtylRtcsX< vdChxD vXrk>ud>usg0HRxl;u’D;cHbsDoXbsD0HRq+.pDuhRvXq;yF.wuh>I rhwrh>pkmEkmvXxHcsDtusg(5)rH;eH;wkRtrH;eH;wqH0HRq+.pDuhRtDRvXq;yF.wuh>I

10I uluRb.tXvXrJ.xHxHxHxHxH = wbsDCDxl;tDRvXwuDRqH.o.trHtgtg0HRq+.pDtDRwuh>I pk.vDRtb.tXtvD>vXusD>Ek>xHusgpSRe.&H.0HRr;q+.pDvXq;yF.wuh>I

11I w>ulw>od;b.tXvX&h.eD.od ===== *lmvDRoe;cgyHmyHm0HRzSLvDRvXtb.tXtvD>ymolxD.tDR*hR*hR0HRxl;pDb.uhRtDRwuh>I wkReq+.uGHm’D;odb.tXtvD>uvDRr>uGHm0JvDRI

12I eDrk>xH'D;cDzH.xHb.tXw>ulw>od; ===== xl;pDvXt.vlzH;oHupJmwuh>I [H;M>xHcsD0gud>ud>wcG;vlvDRvXtb.tXtvD>wuh>I

13I w>ulw>uRb.tXvX&h.eD.od ===== [H;M>xl.url.usJvXxHck.<pk.vDRw>uH;nmvXxHtusgwwDR’d.’d.0HRq+.pDuhRtDRvXq;yF.wuh>I wpd>zdteXu[gr>uGHmvDRI

14I obsK.oJ;o.xHb.tX = [H;M>ySRunDtEk>xH< rRb.pD.vXtb.tXtvD>ymolxD.tDRwkRtolvH’D;tb.tXu[gr>uGHmvDRI

42

15I o,Db.tXw>uH;nm = = = = = pk.vDRw>uH;nmtHRvXz.qgxHtusgweHRweR0HRr;q+.pDuhRvXq;yF.wuh>I rRtDRwbsK;bsD’fM.’D;uvDRr>uGHmvDRI

16I rh.tluJRxD.vXodoyXRylR = = = = = wb.usJ;pX;rRvDRyHmrh.tlvXxHw*hRI t0JuuJRuysDRxD.b.zk;vDRI zSHEkmvDRbkuFL.url.rhwrh>[kurl.vXodusgwuh>I w>oh.wz.rh>wtd.nDb.’D;ezSHvDRrJ;rhwrh>z.qgurl.vXodusgohM.vDRI

17I rJmxHuvRb.tX =====yJ}wDrJmxHuvRrhwrh>rJmxHuvRvXrH’X;uzsgqSHt*D>xl;pDvX&h.eD.od0HRxl;oluhRtDRvXw>uH;nmwuh>Irh>wpDwcD[H;M>ngol;v.xGgu’D;tDRuuqSDxD.uhRvDRI

18I vD>qh.eDRrh>b.tXvXod= = = = = xl;pDtDRvXtHo.txH0HR< xl;oluhRtDRvXw>uH;nmuqSDwuh>I

20I wX>u[;uGHmt*D> = ul;vDR’Ho.tzH;blbl0HRymvDRzJwX>td.tvD>wuh>I

21I pDvDokw[Jt*D> ===== xXEkmvDRzDcd.rDmvXpD>eDRcd.< wvg< rhwrh>bH.’d.tylRwuh>I

22I w>C>u,lRuGHmt*D> = ySRvXtolrh.tl’X(rSeftdrf)wz.< ub.uwJmuwDRy,d;(_yd;)2b;og< ueJpDwbSJogymvDRx;bh.

43

b.zdwbh.vXrh.tl’XtzDcd.< ymvDRw>cHrHRtHRvXx;bh.tzDcd.wkRvXtud>xD.’D;to0Hu[JxD.’D;w>C>u,lRuGHm0JvDRI

23I CDRu[;uGHm = = = = = *lmvDRzDbDbD (eef;vHk;}udKif)t*H>’D;xl;zk’gcd.ud;eHR’J;,Hm,Hmtd.0JwuJvXRb.’D;uCh>uGHm0JvDRI

24I ,k>u[;uGHm = [H;M>zDoHrk>rhwrh>yD.ph’d; (yifpdrf;±Guf)‘D;ymvDRvX,k>Ch>xD.Ch>vDRtvD>wuh>I ,k>ueXb.t0Joh.tpd’D;uCh>uGHm0JvDRI

cI w>vXy-uX;oh.ngqdymzJyyS›Rw>tcg

w>vXvmwz.erh>oh.ngqdympXRtDRwpJ;’D;u*hR0JM.vDRI1I eH.odxHpJ;wpJ; = = = = = [H;M>qSgwbh.< rRM>tuGDRzdwh>EkmvXeH.odxHusgwuh>I zJexk;xD.uhRtcgodrh>pJbl;blovgvXqSguGDRylR’D;rh>tpJ;vDRI2I qD'H.*hRw*hR = ‘DuG>vXrk>rh>zsgqSH’D;rh> t*hRvDRI qD’H.oDM.tbh.ukoGJ;wbs›b.I urRuG>qD’H.tgt*D>[H;M>xHwwdvD< tHo.xHcHtD.p;usJ.usD0HRpk.EkmqD‘H.wz.w uh>I rh>vDR’;’D;rh>qD’H.t*hRvDRI3I ueJpDtpJ; ===== zSLuG>epkrk>vdRwwDR’d.’d.’D;uChxDuGHmvDRI vlEkmvDRueJpDvXxHusgwuh>I ueJpDuvDR’;vXxHcH’;vDRI erh>ym,Hmb.q.tobSJwxD.b.I pJ;wpJ;rRM>ueJpDeD.wXRw0m< eH.odxHeD.wXRw0mbsJ.bsJ.usJ.usDCkmtDRutd.’.eD.wXRw0mvDRI wtgxD.b.vDRI

44

tqX'd. (4)uoH.,gbsg[JvXz.uylR

ySRo;yS>vXysXRwz.wJ0J?uoH.rh>w>tD.< w>tD.rh>uoH.vDRI/w>tD.wz.yrh>uwJmuwDRtD.tDR*hR*hR’D;oltDRb.b.M.uJxD.uoH.,gbsgohvDRI w>wz.tHRwvd.y[;CkyS›RM>tDRuDuDcJcJb.Irhrh>wcDyCkxH.M>tDRohnDu’.vXyz.uylRtylRM.vDRI

uI o,Durl.

rh>w>tD.tusgwcgvXw>oltDRud;eHR’J;vXoGH.vDR’;xHvDR’;< w>rRbsgw>ylRvD>ylRusJ< eXRw>tk.w>us.< w>nd;< zH;o;cDo;< ‘D;td.’D;to0HvXtud>M.vDRI o,Drh>w>vXtrRud>xD.uhRyoGH.yxHvDRI1I w>ck.b.egphRbH; = = = = = [H;M>o,Durl.xXEkmvXrh.tlylR’D;eXEkmb.to0Hwuh>I2I w>0hw>usLR=[H;M>o,Durl.< yJvDRvXw>0htzDcd.’D;bd.CmtDRwuh>I3I cd.o.CHqg = [H;M>o,Durl.’D;ovD0gpSRubsH;’XEkmvXrh.tlusg’D;eXb.to0Hwuh>I4I w>b.’db.xH;= zSLo,Durl.rh>*hR< o,DoHod’D;xl.rh>*hRwuh>I

45

5I oGH.wwkm = xd;vDRvXo,Durl.wuh>I6I oGH.xD.qlcd. = rRM>cG;wzsX.xXEkmvDRrh.tlth.0HRzSHvDRo,Durl.< qSDwh>EkmvDRovD0g’D;eXb.to0Hwuh>I7I zdo.t’h = ‘XEkmvDRo,Durl.0HRbd.bHCmvXw>uH;nmtuqSDwuh>I8I ywhRcsJ;th. = ‘XEkmo,Durl.vXrh.tlusg< rh>o0HxD.’D;’DvDRvXywhRcsJ;th.b.tvD>zDcd.wuh>I tqgu[gr>uGHm0Ju,Du,DvDRI

cI yoX*DR

rh>w>wH>wuvkmvXteXRuvHR< u[D;u[;< w>ul;< rRtgxD.qH.< tD.rhRtDxHbJ< rR[gr>ol.ySJRtd.o;ySJRtd.’D;[h.*H>[h.bgph>uD;ySRvDRI1I vXw>M>*H>M>bgt*D> = wd>tD.yoX*DRtcsHwuh>I2I qH.tgt*D> = tD.yoX*DRo.tgtgwuh>I3I cd.ol0g = [H;M>yoX*DRwzsX.ul;wJmtDRcHulm’D;xl;ecd.zH;ud;*DR’J;wuh>I ,Hm,Hm’D;ecd.ql.uolxD.uhRvDRI4I rJqg< rJth.xk; = ul;wJmyoX*DRo.wzsX.cHulm< us;vDRvXerJqgtzDcd.’D;th.wH>Cmwuh>I5I ywhRcsJ;< ‘;bDtpk.tys> = ul;wJmM>yoX*DRo.tcd.wpJ;< txk;rh>[JxD.M.xl;tDRvXxl.0HR< us;vDRvXw>th.b.tzDcd.wuh>Iw>pk.w>ys>u[;xD.vDRI6I cd.vhR = [H;M>yoX*DRxl;vXecd.vhRtvD>ud;eHR’J;< ,Hm,Hm’D;ecd.ql.u[JxD.vDRI

46

7I eg’hoGH.*D> = w>rh>ul;oh.z;yoX*DRcHcD’D;eX-oL;M>to0Hql.ql.wpJ;M.eg’hoGH.uywkmvDRI8I e>th.xk;th.pl> = w>rh>uk>nGH;vDRyoX*DRwzsX.0HRqH;vDRM>txHqle>ylRzJtvXRvXRzdtcgM.urRbsgw>e>th.xk;M.vDRI9I qH.wxD. = w>rh>ul;vDRuvJyoX*DRwzsX.0HRpk.vDRtDRvXxHcsDud>ud>tusg’D;usX>bXtcd.wcDe.&H.0HR’D;tDvDRxHtHRwkRtvXmM.qH.qguxD.uhRvDRI10I ydmrk.vd.bdxD.oD=ydmrkmzdo.wz.tqXuwD>b.oGH.yX>xD.tDRwoDcHoD0HRtd.uwD>M.w*hRb.I tCd*hRwuh>ub.xD;td.yoX*DRtoHupJmud;eHRvDRI w>tHR*hRvXoGH.xHu[JuhRb.vdmb.p;t*D>M.vDR

*I yoX0g

rh>w>tD.vXtrRoHw>qgtC>< ‘k;[;xD.uvHR< ‘k;[;xD.uyXR<rR*hRxD.qH.< [h.tgxD.rJmcsH*H>bg< [h.*H>[h.bgyw>td.rlxDbdvDRI yoX0gtbsK;tzSd.tgM>’H;yoX*DRwuh>vDRI1I w>ul;vXt,Hmwh>wz. = csDtDyoX0g’H.wzsX.txH’D;tD.CkmvXrhRtusg,Hm,HmubsgvDRI2I oGH.qD.ql.w>qg = tD.b.yoX0gud;eHR’J;< *lmvDRtDu&J>rJ;’D;CX.xH< tHo.qXwuh>I3I zdo.to;ySJRtd. = bXvDRyoX0gwzsX.’D;’k;tD.b.tDRwuh>I

47

4I w>ul;z;xD = [H;M>yoX0go.tgzsX.< td;uGHmtzH;< csDxD.vXusD>Ek>xH’k;tDb.tDRweHR(4)cG;vX(7)oDtwD>ylR< zdo.(4)eH.t*D>M.rh>0JcHylwyl (wtD.p;)wuh>I5I cd.o.CHqg =tDyoX0go.txH’D;tHo.< rRbsJ;yoX0go.’D;zSLvDRb.vXe>ouhRxH;vdRwuh>I6I w>yod.qg = tD.yoX0g’H.wzsX.< weHRoXzsX.< rRbsJ;yoX0go.[H;M>txHzSLvDRvXeo;egyS>tvdRI bd.wH>vXw>uH;nmwkRtzH;vDRwtd;0HRwpd>zdzSLvDRu’D;toDwbsDwuh>I

CI eH.odxH

eH.odxHrh>w>tD.vXrRtgxD.*H>bg< rR*hRxD.cd.ql.< eXRuvHR<rRpXRw>b.’db.xH;< w>CHw>uGJobSH;< rh.tltD.w>wz.vDRI

1I w>txl.wJm = [H;M>uoh.cD.rh.tv. (jrif;cG1±Guf) csDvDRoH;txHwkRtuJxD.z.qg0HRCgCkm’D;eH.odxH0HRzSLvDRvXtxl.wJmtzDcd.< bd.bHCm*hR*hR< ,Hm,Hm’D;ubsguhR0JvDRI2I uvHR[;xD.e>ylR = ‘duvmxD.eH.odxH 4 =5 wXR0HRymck.vDR0HRysHmEkmvDRqlee>ylRvXbJwuh>I

48

iiiiiI uD.pU'd; (uefpGef;±Guf)

1I w>ylRvD>qg’D;nd; = [H;M>uD.pU’d;’D;xHvl>v.’H;’l;tDR0HR[H;M>txHzSLvDRb.wuh>I2I w>’Do’Xw>rlRukR = zJySRzDtD.< qJ;odtD.ukRM.ySR’XEkmCkm’D;uD.pU’d;tHR’fod;u’Do‘Xw>rlRukRt*D>M.vDRI3I tD.b.w>pk.w>ys> = pH>M>uD.pU’d;txH’D;tDtDRwuh>I4I rh.tltD. = ‘H;’l;M>uD.pU’d;txH< usJCkmvXtHo.qX’D;zSLvDRb.tDRwuh>I5I o;olxH< qH.ud> = pH>M>uD.pU’d;txHtDCkm’D;tHo.qXwuh>I6I [XzX0HmwuH; = csDtDuD.pU’d;txH’D;eD.0hwuh>I7I ywhRcsJ;< ‘;bDth. = ‘H;’l;M>uD.pU’d;txH< ‘k;tDtDR0HRyJvDRtoH;vXtylRvD>tzDcd.

pI uoh.cD.rh.'d; (jrif;cGm±Guf) (jrif;cGm±Guf) (jrif;cGm±Guf) (jrif;cGm±Guf) (jrif;cGm±Guf) eD.0DRusDR'd;

rh>w>tD.vXtrRxDxD.yo;orlM.vDRI w>’d;tHRtd.cHuvkmt’X’D;trHRM.vDRI w>’d;tHRt*H>’D;trk>M.to[D.*hRM>’H;tv.M.vDRIxJ;M>uoh.cD.rh.’d; (jrif;cG1±Guf) ‘Dwrk>ng’D;vdChtDR< wd>url.tDR’D;ymtDRvXw>ylR*hR*hRwrHRrHRtylRwuh>I

49

1I uoh.cD.rh.’d;turl. (5) b;og< rd>*Hmzd (1) b;og< ueJpD (6)b;ogM.usJtDR’D;tDtDRweHRoXbsD< wbsDxJxHrd>wdRo.wzsX.wuh>I2I uoh.cD.rh.’d;url. (12) b;og< rd>*Hmzd 1I5 b;og< ylvH’d;url.(1) b;og< ueJpD (15) b;ogusJtDtDRweHRoXbsD< wbsDxJxHrd>wdRo.wzsX.wuh>I rh>uoH.*H>ql.bgql.’D;o;orlxDM.vDRI3I w>bSH;o; = rRbsJ;uoh.cD.rh.’d;< ylvH’d;xJod;od;0HRtDvXxHcsDwuh>I4I o;yhReD.w>ql. = tDusD>Ek>xHud>ud>’D;uoh.cD.rh.’d;turl.wuh>I5I zH;bDn.bD< tD.rhRtD.xHwbJ< zH;cDylRvD>[JxD. = tD.uoh.cD.rh.’d;< pH>M>txHCgCkm’D;usD>Ek>xHwpJ;wpJ;’D;tDtDRwuh>I6I ydmrk.oGH.[Jtg = uoh.cD.rh.’d;wb;og< tHo.qXcHb;og<xHwqH,J>b;ogcsDCkmcJvXmwkRttd.wh>w0m< tDtDRvX*DRvX[g’D;oGH.u[JpSRvDRuhRu,Du,DvDRI7I w>ck.b.zdo.qH; = qH;vDR’k;tDuoh.cD.rh.’d;txHeD.wXRzdwbh.wuh>I8I qH.qX = w>’d;t0JtHR’Do’Xph>uD;w>qgt0JtHRtCd*hRytD.tDRtgtgM.vDRI

50

qI wuGHo.

wuGHo.rh>w>o.wuvkmvXySRud;*R’J;tD.tDRbJ’D;uJxD.w>*H>w>bgM.vDRI wuGHo.tuvkmwpSRM>b. (50) b.I ck.< qX<uH;< 0H.od< qH.Ch< rRbD.xD.odxD.yzH;yn.< rR[gr>uGHmyw>bSH;ol.bSH;o;< ‘k;[;xD.w>ud>vX[XzXylRM.vDRI wuGH’Dwxl.M.uJbsK;0J’.vXySRunD’D;q.zduD>zdwz.t*D>M.vDRI1I rh.tltD. = ‘gvDRwuGHv.vXrh.tltD.ySRtzDvmwuh>I2I w>qg0gvD = ‘GJ.tlM>wuGHtrk>’D;tcsgM.CgCkm’D;o,Durl.’D;zSLb.tDRwuh>I3I eg’hylRoGH. = rRbsJ;wuGHtrk>< [H;M>txH< ‘k;eXb.wuh>I4I rh.tltD. = yJvDRwuGHrHvXtzDcd.< qH;vDRwuGHrk>txHvlvDRvXw>ylRvD>tzDcd.5I qH.ud> = tD.wuGHo.rHtgtgwuh>I6I uoH.*H>bg = tD.rhR0HRtD.wuGHyH.e.ud;eHR’J;wuh>I7I zdo.tD.Ek>vDRwphR = Cd’k;tD.wuGHyH.e.’D;uG;’k;tD.xJtn.wuh>I

±SI yeDusJo.

w>tD.vXyrRM>nD’D;uJbsK;vXw>td.ql.td.cs›t*D>< ytD.M.zsgck.b.ySRb.q.td.‘D;to0HvXtud>M.vDRI1I cd.o.CHqgwuyR = rRbsJ;yeDusJo.< [H;M>txH0HRzSLvDRtDRvXe>ouhRxH;vdRwuh>I

51

2I udm,l>bH; = qH;vDRyeDusJo.txHweD.wXR< rRud>xD.tDRCgCkm’D;ueJpD0HRvh.tD.’f (vsufq1;)tod;wuh>I3I cd.rlRe>rlR =tDyeDusJxHqH.qH.’D;tHo.qXud;eHR’J;wuh>I4I rJulRqg = bXvDRyeDusJo.wzsX.wkRtuJxD.z.qg’D;CgCkmtDR’D;vhnhzDurl.’D;oH;EkmvDRqlrJulRtcD.xH;wuh>I5I ul;’D;u[;wxD. = tDyeDusJxH’D;ueJpDwuh>I6I rJqg = xl;erJvXyeDusJxHwuh>I

nI bJqH.'d;

bJqH.td.0Jtguvkm’D;ySRzDtD.ohph>uD;tuvkmuvkm’D;*hRph>uD;vXuoH.uoDt*D>M.vDRI1I bJqH.*DR0g = tv.qH.pSRwpJ;t&D>c.tJ;’D;tv.rh>yS>xD.wpJ;M.rRpXRuzk*HmbsJ;w>tD.’D;qD.vDRuvHRM.vDRI2I yS>bJqH. = rJxD.’D;[;pGgvXoh.vdR0.vdR’foh.*H>tod;vDRI trk><tv.< tzDM.tql.td.jyHu’H< t*H>td.’D;to[D.vXtck.< rRbsJ;pk.vDRtDtxH’fwRqH.xHtod;’D;u’Do’Xw>ud>w>qgvXtEkmvDRvXyeD>cdtylRM.vDRI3I bJqH.*DR = wv;bJqH.< ±ì@.bD.bJqH.< trk>qH.tv.uH;wpJ;’D;ck.< to[D.ck.< rRbsJ;tcsH’D;zSLtDRwuh>I *hRvXepkck.cD.ck.< pkqXcD.qXnd;< n.vDRuEkmt*D>’d.r;vDRI4I uDRvRolbJqH.’d.qH; = trk>zk.< tv.xd;egpl< tzD0gu0DRusDR<to.xJod;xHrd>wdRo.vDRI zJw>zdC>vXttd.’D;tpk.th.b.eRtcgrRbsJ;tv.< zSLvDRvXw>ylRvD>tvdRwuh>I erh>oGJ.M>

52

tcsH0HRwd>bsJ;tD.tDRM.*hRvX[XzXwrkmb.t*D>vDRI bJqH.’d;cJvXmtd.’D;to[D.vXtrRbJyudmylR< rRtgxD.zH;n.oGH.xH< [h.*H>[h.bgCHuGJxl.ys>wz.vDRI

wI wthtwH>

wthtd.tuvkmuvkmb.q.wthvXySRoltguwX>rh>wth,d,dvDRI t0Jtd.’D;to[D.vXtud>’D;eXRw>eXqSH’D;rReXrlxD.uol’D;ud.M.vDRI wth[h.*H>[h.bgw>< ‘Do’XCmw>o;ySJRtd.wrkmwvRwz.M.vDRI1I csDuvmxD.wth (4=5) ubsH;< rd>*Hmzd (5=8) zsX.tDb.tDRwuh>I euyXRuxD.pkcD.uuqS.vDR< ‘D;etd.urkmxD.vDRI2I qH.ud>qH.pSR< qH.*DR< ,D>’hqg< w>ck.b. = csDtDeD.0h’D;wthwuh>I3I cd.o.CHqg = ul;vDRwthwubsH;< us;vDRvXe>ouhRxH;vdRwuh>I w>ud>rh>’d.’D;qge;M.wpd>zduChxDvDRwJmuGHmvDRI oGJ.tDRtoDwubsH;< us;vDRwkRcd.o.CHqgbsgwuh>I4I vdRud>’D;w>ck.b.csDtDobsK.v.< wth< eD.0h< xHoXcG;< ub.td.wh>uhRwcG;’D; tDtDRwuh>I5I rJqgth.xk; = urXRCmwth’D;th.wH>CmzJrJqgtvD>wuh>I

xI wuGHoh.o.(rhwrh>)uGHpHo.(rhwrh>)rmo.

wuGHoh.o.rh>w>tD.vXt’Do’Xw>qg*H>bgvXtrRwHmwmyw>td.ql.td.cs›< yw>td.uXtd.cd;M.vDRI

53

1I wuGHoh.o.txk; = pH>CkmvXeD.0h’D;’k;tD.zdo.wuh>I*hRvXuoH.xd;uvJmt*D>vDRI2I wuGHoh.o.trH = tD.vX*DRtqXuwD>’D;u’k;[;xD.[XzXb.qXb.uwD>M.vDRI3I wuGHoh.o.toHupJm’k;tD.xd; = *hRvXxd;txd;uvJmuvDRt*D>vDRI4I uvHR*JR’D;[XzXusXR = tD.wuGHoh.o.trHzJt-uX;vX*DRvX[gzJtD.rhR0HRtcgwuh>I5I uvHRuXRCmvX[XzXylR’D;uvHRwvJR = qSDvDRwuGHoh.tv.jyHu’Hzd’D;csDCgCkm tDR’D;eDrk.oHod(vufzufpkd) wuh>I6I rJtC>vlR = rJulRqg< rJth.xk;< CdwuGHoh.o.tv.’D;tcsgM.xl;pDerJwuh>I

'I rd>*Hmzdo.

rd>*Hmzdtd.cHuvkm< t0g'D;tolvDRI tolM.*hR’d.wuh>vXzDtD.w>t*D>’D;uoH.uoDt*D>eXRuvHR< rRpXRuzk*HmbsJ;w>tD.’D;rRtgxD.Ek>xH’D;oGH.vXydmrk.vXttd.vXrh.tlxH;wz.t*D>M.vDRI1I w>b.wrkmegth.xH,GR = xl;vDRecd.xHvXrd>*Hmzdo.wuh>I2I ul;vXw>b.wrkmtCd = rRbsJ;rd>*Hmzdto.0HRusJCkmvXueJpD’D;vh.tD.tDRwuh>I

54

eI ueJpD

ySRunDt[H.’l.[H.xXcJvXmC.C.M.ymyvD>0JueJpDvXuoH.uoDt*D>M.vDRI ueJpDM.w>oltDRvXw>*H>w>bgt*D>ph>uD;M.vDRI1I w>ul; = tDueJpD’D;wCh.o.txHySJRod;od;wuh>I2I w>ul;z;xD = rRud>xD.ueJpDweDwXRz;’d.’D;tDtDRzJwcsK;rHtqXuwD>wuh>I3I udm,l>bH; = tDueJpD’D;usD>Ek>xHud>ud>< rhwrh>ueJpD’D;yeDusJxHud>ud>wuh>I

yI obsK.v.

1I w>b.wrkm< egth.xH,GR = [H;M>obsK.v.wbh.< vJ;vXrh.tl0HRus;vDRvXeg’htzDcd.wuh>I ‘D;euogxD.uogvDRurkmxD.uhRvDRI2I w>ogtH; = rRud>xD.(rHknif;qD)zSLvDRvXeo;egyS>tvdR0HR[H;M>obsK.v.< vJ;bJtDR’D;rRxl.zsdtDRoXylR’D;us;vDRvXo;eegyS>vdRwuh>I eutDt*D>[H;M>obsK.v.< eD.0gcd.v.xGgpD*hR*hR0HRpH>M>txH(qH;Ekmrd>Ek>xH’k;tDtD‘D;tHo.wpJ;zd)3I zdo.tvdRud> =[H;M>obsK.v.< oyS›Rurl.< tHo.zJt-uX;csDtDRoXcG;wcG;< ‘k;tDCkm’D;rdqd;uFD.xJxHrd>wdRcsH0HRrRxD.tuyXRI4I w>ylRvD>ylRusJ = ohuqSDw>ylRvD>0HRrRud>xD.obsK.v.’D;us;vDRvXtzDcd.wuh>I tylRvD>txHu[JxD.uhRvDRI

55

zI xDeD.0h

xDeD.0hrh>w>tD.vX[h.*H>[h.bgySR’D;*hRph>uD;vXuoH.t*D>M.vDRI 1I [XzXusXR = tDo.rDRus›Ro.txH’D;eD.0h< tHo.c.tgtg[XzXu[;xD.vDRI2I [XzX0HmwuH; = csDtDwth’D;eD.0hwuh>I

bI 'd;u.

1I w>o;bH;w>ul; = ‘d;u.tzH;bh.Churl.M.CgCkmtDRvXwthxH< uGJpD< ueJpD’D;yrh>tDtDRM.urRbsgw>o;bH;’D;w>ul;w>qgM.vDRI2I udm,l>ChxD’D;oh.z; = ‘d;u.tzH;bh.M.pk.vDRvXxHusg’D;ohoySJRyudmylRvXxHt0JM.wuh>I urRbsgyudm,l>ChxD’D;oh.z;tw>qgvDRI3I w>tpk. = erh>pH>M>’d;u.v.txH’D;tDvDRtDRM.urRbsgw>rlRw>bSD;’D;yHR0gtpk.tys>wz.vDRI

rI urgc.

1I cd.rlRe>rlR = erh>eX-oL;urgc.zDM.urRvDRr>uGHmcd.rlRe>rlRM.vDRI2I pkqXcD.qXqg= urgc.zH;vXtvJylRwuxXM.erh>*lmzSLvDRzJepkqXcD.qXqgtvD>M.urRbsgepkqXcD.qXqgvDRI

56

3I rJqg=urgc.tzH;M.erh>csDxHoXcG;wcG;’D;urXRtDRM.urRbsgrJqgvDRI [H;M>urgc.tv.< 0JmtDRpSD;pSD;0HRwd>bsJ;tDRCkm’D;tHo.wuh>I erh>xl;erJud;eHRvXw>url.tHRM.urRbsguGHmrJC>< rJqgw>qgcJvXm0HRerJu0gerJucX.xDbdvDRI urgc.tbdCHM.erh>xl;tDRvXerJuql;ud;eHR’J;M.urRvDRr>uGHmerJtC>wz.vDRI4I w>o;Ch= w>o;ChtChxD< w>o;Chb.pD.vXttd.’D;teX’D;tzHM.erh>rRbsJ;urgc.t’d’D;ymvDRvXtzDcdd.M.rRbsgw>o;ChohvDR

,I cDcgo.

1I w>tqXnd;= cDcgo.tp>M.pH>M>txH’D;txHM.o.vXrh.tluyRvXRvXRzd’D;erh>zlvDRvXw>qgtvD>M.urRbsgw>tqXnd;vDRI2Iudm,lmnd;w>qg= cDcgo.M.rRChtDRChCh0HRerh>*lmzlvDRtDRvXudmbdvdRM.urRbsgudm,l>nd;w>qgvDRI

tqX'd.(5)w>CHw>vR[JvXz.uylR

ySRud;*R’J;tJ.w>CHw>vR’D;w>CHw>vRM.rh>w>vXtrRrkmyo;M.vDRI ‘fyeD>cdvd.b.w>CHw>vRtod;yeD>o;ph>uD;ub.CHvR0J M.vDRI vXeD>cdtw>CHw>vRt*D>yrh>b.yS›RvXmusd.vXmphr;yu*hRxD.M.

57

wrh>b.I yrh>oh.ngolw>vXttd.vXz.uylRwz.M.’D;urRpXRySRvXusJtgbdM.vDRI vXyeD>cduCHvRt*D>yub.uG>xGJyeD>up>tw>uqSJuqSD< ys>rJmys>eg< vk.xHvk.ed< cGHcd.uqSJuqSD0HRrRM>eD>up>tw>[l;w>*JRwz.M.vDRI yub.tDph>uD;xHuqSJuqSDtgtg’D;tD.w>’d;w>v.vXyoGH.xHzH;n.u*hRt*D>vDRI w>ymzsgxD.0Jw>uDw>cJweDRvXydmrk.wz.nDEk>xH.b.0J’D;w>rRbsgrR*hRxD.tDRohcDzsdw>olw>vXtnDEk>td.vXz.uylRwz.M.vDRI xJwrHRyub.ck’fod;erRxGJw>vXvmwz.tHRtcHuoht*D>vDRI

1I o,D'D;rDRusD>o. = [H;M>rDRusD>o.wvd.xXEkmvDRxHwpJ;’D;pH>CkmxH’D;tDRyHmyHm0HRusJusDCkm’D;o,Durl.0HRxl;tDRvXeeD>up>'Dw*R< rhwrh>epkecD.vdRwuh>I erh>rR’ftHRtgbsD’D;en.u0g’D;ezH;en.ubhsuqS.xD.0JvDRI

2I rJmoH.usDR = zlwvD0g’D;r>e;o.wuh>I zltDRtgeHRtgoD’D;erJmoH.usDRwz.u[gr>uGHmvDRI

3I rJmtodxD. = [gcDvDRzJeurHtqXuwD>[H;M>yeDusJo.txHzlvDRvXerJmo.tvdRymChxDxD.tDR0HRys>uGHmvXxHwuh>I

4I rJmzsX.oGHxD. = zJerJmo.zsX.oGHxD.tcgwb.qH;egpdRw*hRI[H;M>xH’D;ys>uGHmtDRvXxHuqSJuqSDvX*DRvX[gwuh>I *lmM>rDRusD>bh.0HRzlvDRtDRvXerJmo.tvdRwuh>I w>zsX.oGHxD.ySRM.cDzsdvXytD.w>tD.wz.vXtodtd.tgrhwrh>w>tD.vXtud>‘D;y[XzXwvJRb.qXb.uwD>b.tCdM.vDRI

58

5I rJmo.bVuqS. = [H;M>qD’H.wzsX.< rRM>xJtwuDR0g0HRqH;EkmvDRyeDusJo.wuhtxH’D;usJ.usDCkmtDRwkRtobSJxD.wuh>IohpDuGHmerJmo.’D;xHuqSD0HRzlqD’H.vXeusJ.usDympXRvXerJmo.’Dwbh.tvdRwuh>I 0HRtvD>cH[H;M>bJ’D;rRubs.v.tDR0HRpk.vDRtDRvXeqD’H.txHvXeusJ.usDympXRtDRtylR’D;us;vDRtDRvXerJmo.tzDcd.wuh>I td.wkRerJmo.ChxD*hR*hR0HRtd;xD.uGHmbJwz.u,Du,Dwuh>I erJmo.tCH.trl;< ‘D;w>ud.vd.vXeeg’hzDcd.wz.u[JymxGJbJtcHvDRI 0HRys>uGHmerJmo.vXxHuqSDwuh>I

6IrJmo.ck.'D;uqSD = [H;M>’Ho.wzsX.cHzsX. (t’d.wzsX.rhwrh>tqH;cHzsX.) ul;vDRtDRubsH;’H;zd’D;us;vDRtDRvXerJmo.tzDcd.wuh>I ‘Ho.txk;uql;xD.uGHmw>b.tXb.oDvDRI ‘Ho.vXtd.’D;txk;< rRck.vDRerJmo.’D;zJeys>uGHmerJmo.vXxHuqSDtcgeuoh.ngb.vXerJmo.uqSDxD.wbsDCDM.vDRI

7I zH;n.'D;rJmo.uykm = [H;M>wuDRqH.o.(3)zsX.qSDvDRtDRubsH;’H;’D;rRbsJ;tDRwuh>I 0HRzltDRvXerJmo.vdR< ymtDRwpd>zd0HRys>uhRtDR’D;xHuqSDwuh>I eudmbdepkecD.oh.wz.ph>uD;erRtDR’fM.tod;ohvDRI

8I cd.ol*hR= yrh>ySHRb.w>ySHR cd.vXt*hRr;ycd.olu*hRM.wrh>b.Iy-uX;ySHRycd.tpSRuwX>wEGH(2=3)bsD’D;cGHycd.uqSJuqSDM.vDRI vXyurRw>ySHRcd.t*D>w>vXyvd.b.rh>0J[kxH< w,D>(o&D>)< zkqH.o.< zD*H>*DR< zD*H>0g< ovD*DR< ovD0g< yeDusJo.< y&X;o.wz.vDRI[H;[kxH< 0HRwD>obSH;o&D>’D;xXEkmvDRvX[kxHusgwuh>I xXEkmzkqH.

59

o.’D;yeDusJo.ttk.wz.wuh>I erh>tJ.’d;rRtgxD.w>eXrlxXEkmvDRzD*H>*DR< zD*H>0g’D;*lmxXEkmph>uD;’D;wvD*DRwvD0gwuh>I eurRM>w>ySHRcd.vXteXrl’D;*hRuwX>vXecd.olt*D>vDRI [kxHrh>w>vXtrRck.vDRecd.olt*H>cD.xH;’D;yeDusJo.< y&X;o.wz.urR[gr>uGHmcd.obHwz.ph>uD;M.vDRI

9I cd.olblovg = [H;M>obsK.v.wd>bsJ;tDR0HRtxHM.zltDRvXecd.vdRwuh>I [H;M>yeDusJo.tcsHwd>bsJ;CgCkmtDRvXxH0HRzltDRvXecd.olcD.xH;wuh>I vXeuzlecd.vXCDRodtvD>M.zltDRvXeH.odxHwuh>I

10I ed;zH;oGH;ChxD = zJeed;zH;oGH;tcg[H;M>wuDRqH.o.trH*DRtn.’D;xl;eed;zH;vX*DRvX[gwuh>I ex;cd.zH;oGH;u[gr>uGHmvDRI

11I ed;zH;CJz;< x;cd.CJz; = zJezDrhRtcgrRM>rhRobSJ’D;zltDRvXeed;zH;(x;cd.zH;) bh.vdRwuh>I

12I rJmzH;oGH; = rk.vd.bdweDReDRolw>zlrJmtgwvX’D;wkRtwol0JvXRb.’D;uJxD.rJmzH;oGH;wb.qXb.uwD>vDRI ydmrk.weDRvXw>*H>p>bgp>weDReDRtCdtrJmo.zsgyS>‘D;oGH;0JvDRI usJvXt*hRuwX>qH;vDRyeDusJo.txH< zltDRvXerJmo.’D;eudmbdvdRwuh>I tcD.xH;erJmo.uud>oemuhwuJxD.w>uDw>cJeDwrHRb.I 0HRr;zltDRvXw>zlrJm(oe;cg)vXeusJymtDRM.wuh>I erh>usJ;pX;rR’ftHRpSREGH’D;erJmo.u[Jzh.qXxD.uhRM.vDRI

60

rfyurh>ySRwz.vXtCHvRvXeD>cd’D;eD>o;cHrHRvXmwuh>I w>CHw>vRutd.’D;ySRt*D>yub.td.ql.td.cs›< ySJR’D;w>*H>w>bgph>uD;M.vDRI ‘fod;’D;yuySJR’D;w>*H>w>bgt*D>yub.ohuwJmuwDRyo;yub.td.’D;w>uqSJuqSD< tD.w>tD.vXtM>bsK;M>zSd.‘D;yw>td.rlvJRuhRzH;rRuySJR’D;w>ol.zSHo;nDM.vDRI tM.r;< yutd.rlb.w>td.rlvXtySJR‘D;tvk>tyS›RM.vDRI

w>vXx;wz.M.rh>’.w>ymzsgxD.uhRyySRuvkmunDzdwz.tw>ohw>b.vXtrh>w>zH;tD.rRtD.tusJuylR< w>uG>xGJ[H.CD<w>zDtD.whRtD.< uoH.uoD[JvXz.uylRwz.M.vDRI y*kmusJ;pX;ymzsgxD.ySJRypkxk;’D;’fyCkoh.ngtDRM>tod;M.vDRI yunDzdud;*Rytd.’D;rl’gz;’d.vXyuuGJ;uhRw>ohw>b.wz.tHR’D;ymuhRtDR’ftrh>yrd>y>zHzktw>[h.ogySRM.vDRI

ÐÐÐ uwX>vH ÐÐÐ

vHmvXw>'d;oMRtDRwz.1I o&.rk.vJ'.= ?ySRunDtw>tD.w>tD/2I bsH;'0J>unDydmrk.u&X=?[H.up>rk.w>ul.oh/