Bell Question:
What is the chemical reaction for photosynthesis?
6CO2 + 6H20 + Light Energy C6H12O6 + 6O2
Cellular Respiration
All living organisms need certain things to survive. How many characteristics can you name?
food
air
water
living space
Cellular RespirationToday we’re going to focus on what cells do with FOOD.
Cells use the energy from food to form ATP. ATP is an energy-storing compound. This process is called cellular respiration.
Cells use food to make ATP
ATP used by the cell for other cellular
functions
Organism eats food
I am a strong cell!ATP
Cellular Respiration
Word PictureDefinition
Cellular Respiration
the process of producing ATP in the cell from oxygen and glucose;
releases carbon dioxide and water
ATP
Cellular Respiration
Here’s the chemical equation for cellular respiration:
C6H1206 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H20 + ATP
Wait a second! Something looks
familiar…
Like this … … and this!
Cellular Respiration
Here’s the chemical equation for cellular respiration:
C6H1206 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H20 + ATP
+ Light Energy C6H1206 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O
And here’s the chemical equation for photosynthesis:
The products of one reaction are the reactants of the other, and vice versa. In order to keep them straight, you need to understand the
processes!
Cellular Respiration
+ 6O2
C6H12O6
glucose
Remember from photosynthesis that C6H12O6 is
Cellular respiration also needs 6 molecules of
oxygen
yields6CO2 + 6H20 + ATP
6 molecules of carbon
dioxide
6 molecules of water are also
produced
Energy that cells can use
ATP
Cellular Respiration
The first part of cellular respiration takes place in the cytoplasm.
The glucose is broken down into smaller molecules. A few ATP molecules are made, but more are produced during the second step.
This process is called glycolysis.
Cellular Respiration
The second part of cellular respiration takes place in the mitochondria in eukaryotic cells.
The smaller molecules made by glycolysis are broken down, and many ATP are made. The ATP are used to power all cellular processes.
water (H20)
carbon dioxide (CO2)
ATPsmaller
molecules
oxygen (O2)
Cellular Respiration
Fermentation is a reaction cells use to obtain energy from food when oxygen levels are low.
Sometimes, when you exercise, there is not enough oxygen in your cells to make ATP molecules for cellular respiration.
Fermentation takes place in the cytoplasm, and less ATP is made than in the mitochondria.
Cellular Respiration
Word PictureDefinition
Fermentationthe breakdown of sugars
to make ATP without oxygen
the yeast in bread uses fermentation
Cellular Respiration
There are two types of fermentation: lactic acid fermentation and alcohol fermentation.
Lactic Acid Fermentation• Glucose is changed into ATP• Waste product is lactic acid• This is how cheese, yogurt, and sour cream are produced
Alcohol Fermentation• Used by some types of bacteria and yeast• Waste products are ethanol and carbon dioxide • Many types of bread are made using this, and the carbon dioxide released makes the bread rise
Cellular Respiration
Alcohol Fermentation Demonstration
Warm water, yeast, and sugar are mixed together in the bottle. What do you think will happen?
The yeast will go through alcohol fermentation and release carbon dioxide gas. Carbon dioxide is a waste product of alcohol fermentation.
We know that carbon dioxide is released because the balloon inflates.
Cellular RespirationCellular Respiration Quick Facts:
What organisms perform it?
Where in the cell does it take place?
Where does the energy come from?
What is ATP?
plants and animals (also most fungi, bacteria, and protists)
mitochondria
glucose (sugar)
type of energy cells can use
Cellular Respiration
For the box at the bottom of your notes page:
Cut out the pictures and arrows and glue them into the box.You will show what goes into cellular respiration and what is
produced during cellular respiration.
Cellular RespirationCheck yourself. This is how your Cellular Respiration Equation box should look:
Cellular Respiration/Photosynthesis Question Sheet
1. Bread has yeast in it. Why does it rise?Yeast use fermentation to break down glucose to make ATP. A waste product is carbon dioxide, which is released as bubbles of gas and make the dough rise.
2. How is breathing different from cellular respiration?Breathing is ONLY taking in oxygen for your cells and releasing carbon dioxide from your cells. Cellular respiration uses breathing to supply the cells with the oxygen it needs to break down glucose and to release the carbon dioxide it produces in the process.
Cellular Respiration/Photosynthesis Question Sheet
3. Compare and contrast photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
Photosynthesis• Occurs in chloroplast• Uses sunlight• Makes oxygen & glucose• Uses water & carbon dioxide• Plants and algae only
Respiration• Occurs in mitochondria• Uses glucose & oxygen• Makes carbon dioxide, water, & ATP• Plants and animals
• Uses energy• Involves oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water• In cells• Makes energy
Exit Question:
Where does the second step of cellular respiration occur?