Cellular Respiration

Energy For Cells

Cellular Respiration Energy is released by breaking the bonds

of food molecules (such as glucose) to make ATP from ADP

ADP = adenosine diphosphate ADP + Pi ATP 2 types

aerobic respiration anaerobic respiration

Cellular Respiration

Aerobic Respiration respiration that

requires oxygen Three steps:

Glycolysis Krebs Cycle Electron Transport

Chain

Aerobic Respiration C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O

38 ATP are produced per molecule of glucose

2 ATP are used, so net ATP is 36 Some energy is lost as heat, so the

actual number will be lower exergonic reaction – energy is released

Glycolysis Occurs in the cytoplasm “splitting sugar” Inputs:

glucose Outputs:

Pyruvic acid NADH ATP

Krebs Cycle Occurs in the mitochondria Inputs:

Pyruvic acid Outputs:

ATP NADH FADH2

CO2

Electron Transport Chain Occurs in the mitochondria Where most of the ATP is produced Inputs:

NADH FADH2

O2

Outputs: ATP Water

Anaerobic Respiration Takes place in the absence of oxygen Occurs in the cytoplasm Fewer ATP are produced – net ATP is 2 Similar to glycolysis with an extra step 2 types

Lactic acid fermentation Alcoholic fermentation

Lactic Acid Fermentation Enzymes break down a glucose molecule

into two lactic acid molecules, making ATP C6H12O6 lactic acid

This process causes the pain in muscle fatigue

Lactic Acid Fermentation

Alcoholic Fermentation Enzymes break down a glucose molecule

into ethanol and CO2, making ATP C6H12O6 2 ethanol + 2 CO2

This process is used… to produce alcohol in gasoline additives in baking

Alcoholic Fermentation

Photosynthesis vs. Respiration