Communication Process
Communication
…..is a process by which information is exchanged between individuals through a common system of symbols, signs, or behavior
The Communication Model
The Communication Model
• Sender – the one who transmits and encodes the message
The Communication Model
• Message – the Information that is exchanged between communicators
• Conveys meaning and feeling
The Communication Model
• Receiver – the person who intercepts the message and then decodes or interprets it.
The Communication Model
• Feedback – response to the message, can be verbal or nonverbal
The Communication Model
• Encoding – putting the message into words, pictures or gestures
The Communication Model
• Decoding – interpreting the sender’s message
The Communication Model
• Channel – the method, or medium, used to communicate information
The Communication Model
• Interference/Noise – anything that disrupts communication
There are 3 types of interference or noise.• Physical• Psychological• Semantic
The Communication Model
• Interference/Noise can be Internal or External• Interference can happen at any
point in the communication process.
The Communication Model
• Context – environment where communication takes place
• Occasion• People• Task• Place (+/ )‐• Time• Relationship between communicators
Climate (tone)
Barriers in the Communication Process
A barrier is any obstacle that blocks effective communication
Barriers in the Communication Process
• There are 5 barriers that affect all of our communications.
• Attitudinal• Cultural• Social• Educational• Environmental• Barriers, just like interference/noise, can be
internal or external.
Characteristics of a Competent Communicator
• Ethical• Integrity• Honesty• Aware of biases
• ResponsibleOn time, organized, listens, present for the other
• AccessibleAvailable, approachable, receptive, accepting of
questions
Types of Communication
Types of Communication
Intrapersonal CommunicationCommunication within yourself used to think about things, reason, and decide meaning
Includes self esteem‐
All communication begins at this level
Types of Communication
Interpersonal CommunicationCommunication between two people that allows you to engage in relationshipsAfter intrapersonal communication, you use this type of communication most often each day
Types of Communication
Small Group CommunicationFormal or informal communication between three or more people
Types of Communication
Public CommunicationOne person communicating to many
Includes a teacher lecturing to a class, a politician giving a campaign speech, a minister presenting a sermon
Types of Communication
Mass Communication
Distribution of messages to a large number of people by means of modern technologies
Examples of mass media include:*Radio *Magazines*Television *Newspapers*Film *Internet