8TH GRADE CORE REVIEW
STANDARD 1
CHANGING MATTER
Differentiate between chemical and physical properties. L-47
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uJOGy0dgmUU
Investigate and report on the chemical and physical properties of a particular substance. L-47,48
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=18wEp_SnM0s
Classify substances based on their chemical and physical properties (e.g., reacts with water, does not react with water, flammable or nonflammable, hard or soft, flexible or nonflexible, evaporates or melts at room temperature).
Objective 2: Observe and evaluate evidence of chemical and physical change.
a. Identify observable evidence of a physical change (e.g., change in shape, size, phase.)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WsKGD0evbAc
Identify the kinds of energy (e.g., heat, light, sound) given off or taken in when a substance undergoes a chemical or physical change.
Relate the amount of energy added or taken away from a substance to the motion of molecules in the substance.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=88tK5c0wgH4
Measure and graph the relationship between the states of water and changes in its temperature.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2E4uK6zoJmo
Cite evidence showing that heat may be given off or taken in during a chemical change (e.g. striking a match, mixing vinegar and antacid, mixing ammonium chloride and water.)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=48sLH9P8QK0&safe=active
Plan and conduct an experiment, and report the effect of adding or removing energy on the chemical and physical changes.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M3-OAwhIvU0&safe=active
Identify the reactants and products in a given chemical change, and describe the presence of the same atoms in both the reactants and products.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mcnga-bbNXk
In a chemical reaction in which new products are formed, the number of atomsOn the reactant side have to equal the number of atoms on the products side.
Reactants Products
6CO2 + 6H2O --- C6H12O6 + 6O2
36 atoms 36 atoms
Cite examples of common significant chemical reactions (i.e., photosynthesis, respiration, combustion, rusting) in daily life.
6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2 Photosynthesis
6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2 Respiration
Oxidation of Iron (rusting) 4 Fe + 3 O2 2 Fe2O3
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eG7Vk4LmQgM
Demonstrate that mass is conserved in a chemical reaction (e.g. mix two solutions that result in a color change or formation of a precipitate, weigh the solutions before and after mixing.)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mcnga-bbNXk
Experiment with variables affecting the relative rates of chemical changes (e.g., heating, cooling, stirring, crushing, and concentration.)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C81r6PEwL8M
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XX9Xo6zm_kM
Research and report on how engineers have applied principles of chemistry to an application encountered in daily life (e.g., heat-resistant plastic handles on pans, rust-resistant paints on highway bridges).
Research and report on how engineers have applied principles of chemistry to an application
encountered in daily life (e.g., heat-resistant plastic handles on pans, rust-resistant paints on
highway bridges).
Standard IV
Force, Energy, & Motion
STANDARD IV: Students will understand the relationships among energy, force and motion.
Objective 1: Investigate the movement of energy through various materials.
Relate the energy of a wave to wavelength
The shorter the wavelength the greater the energy.
The top wave has the shorter wavelength and thus has more energy than the bottom wave.
Compare the movement of energy (i.e., sound, light, earthquake waves, heat) through various mediums.
A medium is what the waves travel through: Solids Liquids Gases
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Wlh3M2a10U
Describe the spread of energy away from an energy-producing source.Describe the spread of energy away
from an energy-producing source.
Energy spreads away from the source in all directions like a rock thrown in a pool of water.
Compare the movement of heat by conduction, convection, and
radiation and provide examples of each
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7MVEePXwAeI
Demonstrate how white light can be separated into the visible color
spectrum.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yvMnURU1T24
Examine the force exerted on objects by gravity
Distinguish between mass and weight.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1whMAIGNq7E
Cite examples of how Earth's gravitational force on an object depends upon the mass of the object.
The bigger the mass, the bigger the force of gravity.
Describe how Earth's gravitational force on an object depends upon
the distance of the object from the Earth.
As an object leaves the surface of the Earth, the pull of gravity on the object becomes less.
Design and build structures to support a load.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lEJEG0NLv70
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dGQfUWvP0II
Engineer (design and build) a machine that uses gravity to accomplish a task.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QriRtKvLd2c
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RkLfpXpO5sQ
Calculate the mechanical advantage created by a lever.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mUL-swYDIZE
Engineer a device that uses levers or inclined planes to create a mechanical advantage.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l1oCpWZk8pk
Engineer a device that uses friction to control the motion of an object.
http://www.uen.org/core/science/sciber/sciber8/stand-4/bullseye.shtml
Design, and build a complex machine capable of doing a specified task.
Grapesmasher
Analyze the cyclic nature of potential and kinetic energy (e.g., a bouncing ball, pendulum.)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7K4V0NvUxRg
Trace the conversion of energy from one form of energy to another (e.g., light to chemical to mechanical.)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=64y5JFTS3BI
Cite examples of how organisms sense various types of energy
Investigate and report the response of various organisms to changes in energy (e.g., plant response to light, human response to motion, sound, light, insects response to changes in light intensity).
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zHe7y8cy-7Y
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uJpgMDOZInA
Investigate and describe how engineers have developed devices to help us sense various types of energy (e.g., seismographs, eyeglasses, telescopes, hearing aids).
http://www.uen.org/core/science/sciber/sciber8/stand-4/devices.shtml