LITHOSPHERE
Lithosphere
made up of rocks
outermost solid part of the earth
ROCKS
Where can we find rocks?
beneath the oceans
highways
EVERYWHERE
Why rocks differ from one another?
mineral contents
air holes
Content remains of the plants and animals
Rocks are made
up of minerals
Physical Properties
of Rocks
Color most observable characteristics of rocks
RubyJade
Aquamarine
Luster
refers to the quality of light that surface of mineral reflects
Gold Pyrite
Streakrefers to the color of a thin layer of powdered mineral
Hardness refers to a mineral resistance to scratching
Gypsum
Diamond
Talc
Cleavage
refers to how minerals break
Mica
Quartz
3 Kinds of Rocks
Igneous Rocks
Sedimentary Rocks
Metamorphic Rocks
Igneous Rocks
Igneous Rocks
are rocks which came from very, very hot and melted magma below the earth’s crust
2 Kinds of Igneous Rocks
Intrusive Igneous Rock
Intrusive Igneous Rock
Intrusive Igneous Rocks
rocks that form from magma trapped below the earth’s surface
have large mineral grains and a coarse grained texture
Granite Basalt
Extrusive Igneous Rocks
rocks formed from cooled lava on the earth’s surface
Have finer texture
Obsidian
Pumice
Examples of
Igneous Rocks
Granite
formed from magma that cooled slowly
has a coarse grained texture may be pink, white-gray, or light to
moderate yellow
its mineral grains are similar in size
Example: Granite
Basalt
formed from lava that cooled rapidly
has fire grained texture
its mineral grains are so tiny
maybe black or dark green
Example: Basalt
Obsidian
formed from lava that cooled rapidly
has a texture as smooth as glass
maybe brown or black
it is hard and brittle
Example: Obsidian
Pumice
formed from lava
Looks like a sponge with many holes
It is light and float on water
Maybe light yellow or gray
Its mineral content glass
Example: Pumice
Sedimentary Rocks
Sedimentary Rocks
formed from sediments
Examples of
Sedimentary Rocks
Sandstone consist of fine sand cemented together it is coarse-grained and filled with tiny
holes or spaces
Limestone made up of shells and skeletons of small sea animals
Conglomerate made from a mixture of round pebbles
and stones has a course mixture
Shale formed from fine mud clay and silt. it has a smooth surface and can be slit
into layers
Dolomite similar to limestone composed mainly of magnesium
Metamorphic Rocks
Metamorphic Rocks formed from igneous rocks sedimentary and even other metamorphic rocks
Examples of
Metamorphic Rocks
Slate comes from shale hard and smooth breaks into flat sheets
Schist made from mudstone
Serpentine a rock that easily crumbles to the weather it is slippery
Quartzite made from sandstone
Gneiss formed from shale, sandstone, granite and conglomerate
Marble comes from limestone
Rock Cycle
Rock Cycle
continuous change from one form to another as a result of same process that happen in nature
Rock Cycle
Rock Cycle
Rock Cycle
Prepare by: Jobet_24 :D
Thank You
End of the Presentation