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CHAPTER 5

MARKSMANSHIP TRAINING

Marksmanship training is conducted in three phases. Section I of thischapter discusses the first phase, preliminary marksmanship training(nonfiring individual skill proficiency). Section IIdiscusses the second

phase, basic gunnery, during which the soldier learns to apply thefundamentals of gunnery and to zero the M203 during qualificationexercises in day, NBC, and night conditions. The third phase, advancedgunnery, is discussed in Chapter 6. Every phase has the same threeobjectives: to teach each grenadier to hit the target accurately with the

first round, to adjust fire, and to do both quickly.

W A R N I N G

BEFORE ALLOWING ANYONE TO MOVE BETWEENSTATIONS, ENSURE THAT ALL RIFLES AND GRENADELAUNCHERS HAVE BEEN CLEARED, THAT BOLTS REMAIN

TO THE REAR, AND THAT BARREL ASSEMBLIES REMAIN INTHE OPEN POSITION. ANYONE OBSERVING AN UNSAFE ACTSHOULD CALL CEASE FIRE AND NOTIFY RANGEPERSON NEL IMMEDIATELY.

Section I. PRELIMIN ARY MARKSMANSHIP TRAINING

Grenadiers and leaders must master marksmanship fundamentals before firingindividually or collectively. During preliminary m arksmanship training,grenadiers learn and demonstrate the individual skills that prepare them to firelive ammunition. After learning the characteristics and mechanics of the weapon

(Chapters 2 through 4), they learn the four fundamentals of marksman ship.These are followed by sight manipulation and response to fire commands.Dry-fire exercises are excellent for training to proficiency. Good preliminarymarksmanship instruction (PMI) improves individual proficiency, which in turn

improves the proficiency of collective fire.

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5-1. FOUR FUND AMENTALS OF MARKSM ANSHIP

The four fundamen tals of M203 marksman ship are steady p osition, aiming,breathing, and trigger control. When the soldier changes his position, only the

first fundamental (steady position) varies. The other three remain the same.a. Steady Position. This varies according to the position.(1) Prone positio n. If you fire prone, try to use a p rone sup ported

position (Figure 5-1).

(a) Lie face dow n, grasp the M16 pistol grip w ith your right hand and

place the butt of the rifle into the pocket of your right shoulder.(b) Lower your right elbow to the ground so your shoulders are level.This places the weight of your body behind the weapon, which enables you torecover qu ickly each time you fire.

(c) Grasp th e rifle magazine with your left hand. Straighten you r up perbody, and spread your legs a comfortable distance apart. Try to point your toes

outw ard and relax your ankles, so your heels will rest on the groun d. Relax theweight of your up per body forward onto your left arm.

(d) For ranges greater than 150 meters, lower the buttstock of the weaponto obtain the proper sight alignment and sight picture. Grip firmly to preventthis from m oving the weapon from your shoulder pocket.

W A R N I N G

ENSURE TH E SLIN G IS CLEAR OF THE WEAPON MUZZLEBEFORE FIRING.

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(2) Kneeling position.Figure 5-2 shows thekneeling position.

(a) Kneel on your rightknee while facing the target,

with your left hand on themagazine and your rightgrasping the rifles pistolgrip.

(b) Place your left footabout .45 meter (18 inches)to your left front, with yourtoes pointing in the generaldirection of the target.

(c) Keeping your righttoe in place, sit on your rightheel.

(d) Place your left elbow forward of your left knee, resting the flat portionof your up per arm on your knee.

(e) Move the rifle butt into the pocket of your right shoulder, pulling therifle pistol grip with your right hand.

(f) With your left han d on th e rifle magazine, place your left forefingerin the trigger guard of the grenade launcher.

(g) Pull the rifle firmly into you r shou lder.(h) Pull your right elbow in close to your bod y to help you ap ply rearward

pressure to the weapon. Ensure that your leg completes a solid, three-point basefor your position. Forranges greater than 150meters, lower the but tstockof the weapon to obtain theproper sight alignment an dsight picture. Grip firmly toprevent this from moving theweapon from your shoulder

pocket.

(3) Sitting position,open-legged. Figure 5-3shows the open-leggedsitting p osition. To assumethis p osition

(a) Sit down, breakingyour fall w ith your righthand, and slide your

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buttocks well to the rear. Face the target halfright, and spread you r feet wide.

(b) Grasp the rifle magazine with your

left hand and the pistol grip with your righthand.

(c) Bend forward from your hips, and restyour left up per arm against the inside of yourleft knee.

(d) Move the butt of the rifle into thepocket of your right shou lder, still holding therifle pistol grip with you r right h and.

(e) Rest your right elbow on the inside ofyour right knee.

(f) Pull the weapon down slightly with

your left hand, and pull it to the rear firmlywith your right hand.

(g) For ranges greater than 150 meters,lower the buttstock of the weapon to obtain the proper sight alignment and sight

picture. Grip firmly to prevent this from moving the w eapon from your shoulderpocket.

(4) Wing position, cross-ankled. Figure 5-4 shows the cross-ankledsitting position. To assume th is position

(a) Sit facing the target half right.(b) Extend your legs from your body, and cross your left ankle over your

right ankle.

(c) Keep both ankles straight.(d) Grasp the rifle magaz ine with you r left hand and the rifle pistol grip

with your right.(e) Place your left upper arm across your

left knee.(f) Move the bu tt of the rifle into the

pocket of your right shoulder.(g) Lower your right elbow so that your

up per right arm is in contact w ith your rightknee.

(h) For ranges greater than 150 meters,lower the buttstock of the weapon to obtain theproper sight alignment and sight picture. Gripfirmly to prevent th is from moving the weaponfrom your shou lder pocket.

(5) Sitting position, cross-legged.Figure 5-5 shows the cross-legged sittingposition. To assume this position

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(a) Sit dow n facing th e target h alf right.(b) Cross your left leg over you r right leg,

and draw both feet close to your body.

(c) Grasp the rifle magazine w ith you r lefthand.

(d) Place your left up per arm against yourleft knee.

(e) Move the bu tt of the stock into th epocket of your right shoulder, and grasp the riflepistol grip properly.

(f) Lower you r right elbow so tha t yourright upp er arm is against your right knee.

(g) For ranges greater than 150 meters,lower the buttstock of the weap on to obtain theproper sight alignment and sight picture. Gripfirmly to p revent this from moving the w eaponfrom your shoulder pocket.

(6) Squatting position. Figure 5-6 showsthe squatting position.

(a) Turn half right to the target, and with your feet a comfortable distance

apart, squat as low as you can, keeping both feet flat on the ground.(b) Grasp th e rifle magazine with your left hand .(c) Place your left upp er arm inside your left knee and the bu tt of the stock

into the pocket of your right shoulder, then grasp

the rifle pistol grip properly.(d) Lower your right elbow against theinside of your right knee.

(e) For ranges greater than 150 meters,lower the buttstock of the weapon to achieveproper sight alignment and sight picture. Gripfirmly to prevent th is from m oving the weaponfrom your shoulder pocket.

(7) Fighting posit ion. If you fire from afighting position, try to use support (Figure 5-7).

(a) Place your right foot against the r ear of

the fighting position, then lean forward untilyour chest is against its forward edge.

(b) Grasp the magazine w ith your left hand .(c) Place your left elbow on or against solid

support.(d) Use your right hand to position the bu tt

of the stock in the pocket of your right shoulder,

then grasp the rifle pistol grip properly.

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(e) Place your rightelbow on or against a solidsup port, and relax into a

comfortable firing position.(f) For ran ges greater

than 150 meters, lower thebuttstock of the weapon toachieve proper sightalignment and sight picture.

Grip firmly to prevent thisfrom m oving the weaponfrom your shoulder p ocket.

NOTE:

The weapon m ust nottouch the support.

(8) Standing position.Figure 5-8 shows thestanding position.

(a) Face the targetstanding, and spread yourfeet a comfortable distanceapart.

(b) Grasp the riflepistol grip with you r right hand and the rifle magazine w ith your left hand .Then place the butt of the stock into your right shoulder so that the sight is level

with your eyes.(c) Hold you r right elbow high to forma good p ocket for the bu tt of the

stock and to perm it a strong rearward pressure with your right hand .(d) Hold most of the weight of the weapon with your left hand.(e) Shift your feet un til you achieve a natu ral aiming stance.(f) For ranges greater than 150 meters, lower the buttstock of the weapon

to obtain the p roper sight alignment and sight p icture. Grip firmly to preventthis from m oving the weapon from your shoulder p ocket.

b. Aiming. Aiming p rocedures for every p osition areas follows:(1)Aligning sight . When u sing the leaf sight, align it with the front sight

post of the M16. When u sing the quad rant sight, align its rear sight apertu rewith its front sight post. Picture a horizontal line through the center of the leafsight or rear sight aper ture. The top of the M16s front sight post shou ld tou chthis line. Picture a vertical line through the center of the leaf sight or rear sightaperture. This line should vertically dissect the front sight post (Figure 5-9).

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(2) Focusing. For either sight, focus on the front sight post; a good firing

position places your eye d irectly on line with the center of the leaf sight or rearsight aperture. Your eyes natu ral ability to center objects in a circle and seek

the p oint of greatest light w ill help you align the sight correctly.

(3) Obtaining sight picture. To achieve a correct sight p icture, align th e. . .front sight post and leaf sight or rear sight apertu re with th e target. For area

targets, aim where the rounds bursting radius will make the roun d m osteffective. For point targets, aim at the targets center of mass.

c. Breathing. The technique for breathing is the same for every position:Breathe naturally. Exhale most of your air, hold your breath, and fire beforeyou become un comfortable. In combat, just choke off your breath before firing.

d . Trigger Control. The techniqu e for trigger control is the same for

every position. Place your trigger finger (the ind ex finger of your left han d),

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between the first joint and the tip of your finger (not at the extreme end of yourfinger) on the trigger. Adjust for your hand size and grip. Then, squeeze your

trigger finger to the rear withou t d isturbing the lay of the weapon.

5-2. LIMITED VISIBILITYThe fundamentals of marksmanship are almost the same in limited visibility asin normal visibility. The best field-expedient method for firing the M203grenade launcher is the marked-sling method.

a. Steady Position. An M203 with an AN/ PVS-4 moun ted on it leansto the left. When assuming a steady position, the grenadier mu st app ly morerearward pressure to compensate for the lean, then steady the w eapon.

b. Aiming. The grenad ier sights w ith the reticle of the AN / PVS-4 ratherthan with the M203s iron sights. Sighting this w ay requ ires him to changeposition, wh ich breaks his stock weld and makes the w eapon seem heavier.

c. Breathing. Thou gh breath ing itself is affected little by lim itedvisibility, using night vision devices (NVDs) that magnify the field of viewincreases the effect of weapon movement caused by breathing.

d . Trigger Control. This is the same regardless of visibility conditions.The objective is to keep the weapon aligned with the target.

e. Night Vision Devices. The AN/ PVS-7 is issued for use w ith theM203, wh ereas the AN/ PVS-4 is normally issued for use w ith crew-servedweapons. M203 gunners may qualify with either device. In a defensive position,the gunner identifies targets during daylight and constructs aiming or elevationstakes, or both. Because the AN/ PVS-7 rear sight must be set to the far settingto sense round s, the gunner cannot see both the M203 sights and the target atthe same time. Therefore, stakes are more important with th e AN/ PVS-7 thanwith the AN / PVS-4. (On the rear sight of the M16A1, the far setting is L.On the rear sight of the M16A2, the far setting is 02.)

f. Marked-Sling Method. To use this method, the grenadier mu st(1) Loosen the sling, assum e a kneeling position, and place the forward

foot in the sling.

(2) Ensure the sling is taut and vertical between the front sling swivel andthe boot. If not, the rounds will impact at a greater range than desired. To checkthis, tie one end of a string or thread to a weight, such as a cartridge case, andtie the other to th e sling sw ivel. Let it hang freely, and align the edge of thesling with it to ensure the sling is vertical.

(3) Fire several roun ds to determine the d esired range.(4) Where the sling is held to the ground by the foot, mark the sling with

colored tape, paint, ink, or whatever is available. Mark the position of thebuckles so that, if either is moved, the grenadier can return them to their original

positions and be assured of constant range accuracy.

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(5) If the sling gets w et, it m ay stretch or shrink, ind irectly causing therounds to imp act closer or farther than d esired.

5-3. NBC ENVIRONMENTThe fundamentals of marksmanship remain valid in the NBC environment, but

some modifications may be needed to accommodate the equipment.

a. Steady Position. Bulky N BC wear requ ires the grenadier to p ress thestock of the w eapon m ore firmly into h is shoulder p ocket.

b. Aiming. This is affected little by N BC.c. Breathing. Wearing the protective mask makes breathing more

difficult. Grenad iers must try to breathe normally to avoid hyp erventilatingwhile firing.

d. Trigger Control. All soldiers must w ear rubber gloves.

5-4. FIRE COMMANDSStandar d fire comm and s are explained to grenad iers, then used d uring allgunnery training that follows. Trainers give the appropriate elements before

each d ry-fire or live-fire exercise. The grenad ier performs as d irected andrepeats each element as it is announced. (Chapter 6 provides a detailedexplanation of fire commands.)

a. Alert. The trainer gives the alert as a fire mission. On hearing this,the grenad ier loads th e weapon and moves the safety lever to FIRE.

b. Direction. The trainer gives the d irection to target.c. Description. The trainer describes the target, for example, bunker

or machine gun position, and the grenadier lays on the target.

d . Range. The trainer gives the (estimated ) range to th e target, forexample, 150.

e. Method of Fire. The method of fire for either target is three rounds.On th e basic range, grenadiers fire at both p oint and area targets.

f. Command to Open Fire. To open fire, the trainer comm and s

COMMENCE FIRING or AT MY COMMAN D. When read y, the grenad ierannounces "Up" and fires or waits for the command to fire. When all grenadiersare ready, the trainer gives the actual command to fire.

5-5. DRY-FIRE EXERCISESDry-fire exercises train grenad iers in th e techn iques of loading, un loading,immediate action, fun dam entals of marksman ship, and sight m anipulation.

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These exercises are conducted with training practice (TP) or dummy rounds.

The trainer gives fire commands as appropriate.

a. Loadin g and Unload ing Exercise. This trains the gren ad ier to

operate and clear the weapon proficiently. Loading and unloading procedures(Chapter 2) should be practiced with dummy ammunition.

b. Imm ediate Action Exercise. This exercise is conducted with adummy round and the basic grenade launcher target.

(1) Load the w eapon w ith a du mm y roun d, and aim the it at one of thetargets on the basic grenad e launcher range.

(2) Maintain the sight picture while you pull the trigger to simulate firing.(3) When you are informed that you have a misfire, apply misfire

procedures, then continue to fire (Chapter 4).c. Aimin g Exercise. This exercise requires the gr enad ier to simu late

firing a du mmy round at a target on the basic grenade launcher range.

(1) Maintain your sight picture throughout the firing cycle.(2) If, after firing, you note that the sight picture has moved, then you

were unsteady when you fired.(3) After each shot, ap ply imm ediate action procedures to extract and eject

the dummy cartridges. Then recock the barrel assembly.d. Sight Setting and Sigh t Changing Exercises.These exercises train

the grenadier to operate and adjust both quadrant and leaf sights.(1)Range. Manipu late the sights to d ifferent range settings (quadrant

sight50 to 400 meters; leaf sight50 to 250 meters). To learn to m ake fineadjustments for elevation, manipu late the sights from the m inimu m to themaximum setting. When you do not have time to adjust the sights, you may

adjust the aiming point instead.(2) Windage. Depress the rear sight aperture left and right, and traverse

the w indage screw across the entire scale.e. Dry-Fire Proficien cy (Perform ance) Exam. Grenad iers practice the

dry-fire tasks un til they become p roficient in op erating the weapon; then theytake the dry-fire proficiency exam (Appendix C). This exam emphasizeslearning by d oing. Before he can p rogress to live firing, each grenad ier mu stdemonstrate skill in every task in the exam.

f. Remedial Training. Soldiers who do not pass the per formance exammu st attend rem edial training, after which they are retested. The soldiers whopass may help train those having d ifficulty.

5-6. SENSING AND ADJUSTMENT OF FIREThe grenadier d etermines (senses) where the grenad e landed relative to thetarget, then adjusts elevation and deflection.

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a. Sensing. As soon as the grena d e explod es, d etermine w here itexploded with respect to the target. This is called sensing (the impact) and

has tw o aspects: range and dev iation. Because the casualty rad ius of the HE

roun d is 5 meters (5 1/ 2 yard s), determine both range and d eviation to thenearest 5 meters.

(1)Range. Sense the range as one of the following:

Short. The grenad e burst between you and the target.

Over. The grenad e burst beyond the target.

Target. The grenad e hit any p art of the target.

Range correct. The grenade burst slightly left or right of the tar-

get, but at the correct range.

Doubtful. The grenade burst left or right of the grenadier, butyou cannot sense the range.

(2)Deviation. Announce a deviation sensing as either

Right or left of the target.

On line with the target.

b. Adjustmen t of Fire.To ensure a second-round hit, adjust you r fireby sensing the impact of the round and manipulating the sight.

(1) If time allows, whether using the AN/ PVS-4 or AN/ PVS-7, adjust the

sights, but if time is critical, adjust the point of aim instead.(2) If the grenad e lands more than 25 meters over or short of the target,

adjust the range quadrantto bring the next grenade on target.(3) If the grenade explodes less than 25 meters from the target, adjust the

point of aim to bring the next grenade on target.(4) If the launcher is pr oper ly zeroed, dev iation errors w ill be small, and

you can easily correct them by adjusting the aiming point. However, a windstrong enough to move the grenade out of its norm al trajectory will increasethe size of the d eviation errors. After observing the effect of the wind on thestrike of the grenade, compensate for the effect of the wind by aiming into it.This should help bring the next grenade on target for example, if the grenade

bursts to th e left and short of the target, sense the strike of the rou nd relativeto the target, then adjust an equivalent distance to the right arid over the target

to achieve a target hit. Watch the flight of the grenade to the target. This willhelp determine the effect of the wind on the grenad e as it moves toward th e

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target. Evaluating and compensating for the wind before firing increases yourchances of achieving a first-round hit.

5-7. GRENADE LAUNCHER RANGE LAYOUTThe grenade launcher range is designed for all grenade launchers. Becausesoldiers can qualify on this range in all conditions, it prepares grenadiers forcombat situations. The range has four stations. Figure 5-10 shows the rangelayout. Minimu m r ange personn el and their d uties are the same for M203qualification firing as they are for other grenadier firing. These personnelinclude an OIC, NCOIC, safety officer, ammunition NCO, tower operator,station NCOs, primary trainer, and concurrent training trainers. Local policymay requ ire more personnel. (Append ix D discusses range safety; FM 25-7provides a detailed setup and target configura tion for this range.)

5-8. DESCRIPTION OF RANG E AND TARGETSThe range has four self-contained stations. It is 30 meters wide by 500 metersdeep, and has a no-HE fire zone ou t to 165 meters. (Grenad iers can fire HEonly on Stations 1, 3, and 4.) Targets shou ld be bu ilt from a d ur able materialto reduce downrange target maintenance. Those within each station must begrouped and spaced so that the grenadier may fire on close-range, midrange,and long-range targets, in that ord er. The following d escription of the stationsand targets is included to help trainers maintain control during zeroing, practice,

and record fire:

NOTE: To simp lify the task of finding an d destroying d ud s, trainersmust ensure the impact area is free of any vegetation other thanshort grass.

a. Station 1 consists of a p rone fighting position with a log or sand bagsup port an d a zeroing target at 200 meters. The target should be constructed oflogs or other suitable material. It must have a su rface at least 2 meters high by2 meters w ide (6 feet by 6 feet). The target shou ld be clearly marked with alarge Z painted in a color that contrasts with the surrounding background,

and that is visible in d ifferent sun or glare conditions.b. Station 2 consists of an upright log or log wall, a kneeling firing position

about 4 feet high, and two point-type targets. The targets include a simulatedwindow or door of a building at 90 to 100 meters and a small bunker or fighting

position, with overhead cover, at 125 meters. The targets maybe constructedof logs, sandbags, or oth er suitable material.

c. Station 3 consists of a fighting p osition and two targets. The targets area two-person bunker at 150 meters and an automatic weapon position at 175meters. The bunker rep resents a point target, and the automatic weapon p osition

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represents a target that can be engaged with area-type fire. The targets may beconstructed of logs, sandbags, or other suitable material.

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d. Station 4 consists of a prone fighting position with a log or sandbagsupport an d two area-type targets (with p ersonnel targets in the op en) at 250

and 350 meters. The log or sandbags at the firing p osition are u sed for sup port

and cover. The targets are E-typ e (NSN 6920-00-795-1086) and F-typ e(NSN 6920-00-071-4589) silhouettes.

Section II. BASIC GUNNERY

Basic gunnery allows the grenadier to zero and app ly the fund amentals ofmarksmanship during live-fire exercises in day, night, and NBC conditions.

5-9. ZEROING THE M203 GRENADE LAUNCHERA correct zero consists of the elevation and windage sight settings that enable

the grenadier to hit the point of aim at a given range with one of the three

sighting systems: leaf, quadrant (discussed here), or nightsight (discussed laterin the chapter). To zero the M203 using either the leaf sight or quadrant sight,the grenad ier engages a target at 200 meters. (The M203 is norm ally zeroedusing only the quadrant sight, but may be zeroed with only the leaf sight, orwith both sights):

a. Zeroing th e Leaf Sight. A red m ark at 50 meters on th e leaf sightreminds the grenadier not to zero at this range.

(1) Select a target at 200 meters.(2) Place the sight in the u pr ight p osition.(3) Place the center m ark of the w inda ge scale on the ind ex line on th e

rear of the sight base.

(4) Loosen the elevation adjustment screw on the leaf sight; place the leafsights index line on the sight mounts center elevation mark.

(5) Tighten the elevation ad justm ent screw.(6) Assume a prone supported firing position.(7) Load one roun d of 40-mm HE or TP amm un ition.(8) Use correct sighting and aiming procedures to align the target w ith the

front leaf sight.(9) Fire a roun d , sense the imp act, and ad just th e sight.(a) Windage. Turn the sight wind age screw clockwise to move the leaf

sight to the left, and vice versa. One increment moves round impact 1 1/ 2 metersat a range of 200 meters.

(b)Range. Use a 40-mm cartridge case and turn the elevation adjustmentscrew to raise the leaf sight (this increases range) or to lower the leaf sight (thisdecreases range). Turn ing the screw one incremen t moves roun d imp act 10meters at a range of 200 meters.

(10) Fire two more cartridges, readjusting the sight after each. Once around impacts within 5 meters of the target, the weapon is zeroed.

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(11) After you have zeroed the w eapon , record the zero d ata on you rscorecard. As soon as you can, transfer the information to a separate (small)piece of pap er, and tap e this inside the M16 pistol grip.

b. Zeroing the Qu adrant Sight.(1) Select a target at 200 meters.(2) Ensu re that the qu ad rant sight is correctly m oun ted on the rifles

carrying handle.(3) Open the front sight post and rear sight aperture.

(a) Move the front sight post to its highest position, then back 2 1/ 2 turns.(b) Depress the rear sight retainer. Slide the rear sight aperture to the left

until its white index line aligns with the edge of the sight aperture arm.(4) Move the sight latch rearw ard, and reposition the qu adran t sight arm

to zeroing range (200 meters).(5) Assume a prone supported firing position.

(6) Use correct sighting an d aiming p rocedures to align the ta rget withthe front sight p ost and rear sight ap erture.(7) Load one round of 40-mm HE or TP ammunition.(8) Fire a roun d, sense the impact, and ad just th e sight.(a) Elevation. Turn th e front sight p ost right to d ecrease or left to

increase elevation. At a ran ge of 200 meters, one full turn equ als 5 meters.(b) Windage. Press the sight ap erture retainer; move the rear sight

apertu re aw ay from th e barrel to move the trajectory to the left, or vice versa.At a range of 200 meters, one notch on the rear sight apertu re equals 1 1/ 2meters.

(9) Fire two more cartridges, readjusting the sights after each. If the

roun d land s within 5 meters of the target, the weap on is zeroed.(10) After you have zeroed th e weap on, record th e zero data on y ourscorecard . As soon as you can, transfer this inform ation to a separa te (small)piece of pap er, and tap e this inside the M16 pistol grip.

5-10. OVERALL QUALIFICATION STANDARDSTo qualify with an M 203, a grenad ier m ust p erform to prescribed stand ardsand mu st score at least 60 of 90 possible points. Each ta rget hit is w orth 10points. Zeroing is not included on the scorecard, because the weapon must be

zeroed before qualification firing. However, the zero data should already havebeen entered on th e scorecard wh en the w eapon w as zeroed. HE familiariza-

tion maybe included in qualification firing, but is not scored. DA Form 2946-R(40-MM Grenade Launcher Scorecard) is used for qualification firing and isprovided in the back of this manual. This form must be locally reproduced on8 1/ 2 by 11-inch p aper. Figure 5-11 (page 5-16) show s an example comp letedscorecard. Ratings are aw arded based on the point chart on the scorecard .

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5-11. DAY RECORD FIREDay record fire gives the grenadier the confidence and experience he needs to

progress from d ry-fining exercises to record fire. Day record fire includ es two

NBC tasks (Tasks 4 and 5). All soldiers must be prepared to accomplish theirmissions, even in protective clothing. This exercise is conducted on a grenadelauncher range IAW Firing Table I (Table 5-1). Before they fire forqualification, grenadiers must first zero their weapons. They receive instructionon the objectives, range, targets, and qualification standards. Each firing ord erconsists of two grenad iers, one of whom assists. The unit is organized in firingorders based on range constraints. Grenadiers fire this exercise from thefollowing fighting positions: kneeling supp orted, m idrange supp orted,long-range sup ported, NBC midrange point target, and N BC midr ange areatarget. For each of these tasks, the grenad ier can designate wh ich target he willengage first.

W A R N I N G

BEFORE ALLOWING ANYONE TO MOVE BETWEEN STA-TIONS, ENSURE THAT ALL RIFLES AND GRENADELAUN CH ERS HAVE BEEN CLEARED, THAT BOLTS REMAINTO THE REAR, AND THAT BARREL ASSEMBLIES REMAIN INTHE OPEN POSITION. ANYONE OBSERVING AN UN SAFEACT SHOU LD CALL CEASE FIRE AND N OTIFY RAN GE

PERSON NEL IMMEDIATELY.

a. Station 1, Zeroing. The grenadier zeroes with both quadran t and leafsights at Station 1.

(1)Leafsight. From a p rone sup ported firing position, fire to zero theweap on. This reinforces the experience gained d ur ing dr y fining and allowspractice in loading and firing with the m ost accurate sensing and adjustments

obtainable. If you zero in three rounds, use the other two rounds to confirm thezero, If you cannot zero with five rounds, you are removed from the firing linefor remedial training.

(a) Prepare the sight for zeroing.(b) Assume a good prone supported firing position.

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(c) When you receive the following fire comm and , repeat each elemen tas it is given:

GRENADIERFRONT200 (ZERO PANEL)ONE ROUNDCOMMENCE FIRING

(d) Load one round, obtain the proper sight picture, and announce Upto your assistant.

(e) When the tower operator gives the command to commence firing, fireone round at the panel marked Z.

(f) Sense the impact of the round. If the round did not land within 5 meters

of the zero panel, adjust th e sights for w indage and elevation.(g) Repeat until a round lands w ithin 5 meters of the zero panel.(h) Once you have zeroed the weapon, record the zero data on your

scorecard . As soon as you can, transfer the information to a sepa rate (small)piece of paper, and tape this inside the M16 pistol grip.

(2) Quadrant sight. From a prone sup por ted firing position, fire to zerothe weapon. This reinforces the experience gained during dry firing and gives

you pr actice in loading an d firing w ith the m ost accurate sensing an dadjustments you can obtain. The steps for zeroing w ith the qu adrant sight arethe same as those for zeroing with the leaf sight.

b. Station 2, Task 1, Kneeling Position . (Only TP round s maybe u sed

at this station.)(1) When you receive the command DESIGNATE THE TARGET,

identify the target you intend to engage by announcing "Window" or "Bunker."

(2) When you receive the comm and DETERMINE THE RANGE,annou nce the range to the target.

(3) Load one of the thr ee roun ds allotted. Because H E may n ot be firedat ranges of less than 165 meters on th e basic grenad e launcher range, use onlyTP rounds.

(4) When you receive the following fire comm and , repeat each elementas it is given:

GRENADIERFRONT3 ROUNDS100 (WINDOW) OR 115 (BUNKER)COMMENCE FIRING

(5) Acquire the p roper sight picture and announ ce Up to the grader.

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(6) Engage the target given in th e fire comman d un til you hit it. Fire anyremaining rounds at the second target. You need no other fire command. Foreach round you free, your assistant announces Hit or Miss.

c. Station 3, Task 2, Mid range Position .(1) When you receive the command DESIGNATE THE TARGET,

identify the target you intend to engage by announcing "Bunker" or "Automatic

weapon."(2) When you receive the comm and DETERMINE THE RANGE,

announ ce the range to the target.

(3) Load one of the three rou nd s allotted.(4) When you receive the following fire comm and , repeat each element

as it is given:

GRENADIERFRONT3 ROUNDS150 (BUNKER) or 250 (AUTOMATIC WEAPON)COMMENCE FIRING

(5) Acquire the prop er sight picture, and annou nce Up to the grad er.

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(6) Engage the target given in th e fire comman d u ntil you hit it. Fire anyremaining rounds at the second target. You need no other fire command. For

each round you fire, your assistant announces Hit or Miss.

d. Station 4, Task 3, Long-Range Su pp orted Position .(1) When you receive the command DESIGNATE THE TARGET,

identify the target you intend to engage by announ cing Troops in the openemplacement or Troops in the open.

(2) When you receive the command DETERMINE TH E RAN GE,announ ce the range to the target.

(3) Load one of the three roun ds a llotted.(4) When you receive the following fire comm and , repeat each element

as it is given:

GRENADIERFRONT3 ROUN DS300 (TROOPS IN THE OPEN)COMMENCE FIRING

(5) Acquire the proper sight picture, and an nounce Up to the grad er.(6) Give the command to FIRE.(7) Engage the target given in the fire command until you hit it. Fire any

remaining rounds at the second target. You need no other fire command. Beforefiring, you must know the procedure to follow in the event of a stoppage. Foreach round you fire, your assistant announces Hit or Miss.

e. Station 3, Task 4, Midran ge Position (NBC), Point Target.(1) Put on, clear, and check your mask w ithin nine seconds. Within the

next six, pull the hood over your head and zip the front of it closed.

(2) Load on e of the three rounds allotted.(3) When you receive the following fire comm and , repeat each element

as it is given:

FIRE MISSIONFRONT

3 ROUN DS150 (BUNKER)AT MY COMMAND

(4) Acquire the p roper sight picture, and announce Up to you r assistant.(5) Have your assistant signal the tower operator that you are ready.

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(6) When the tower operator gives the command to comm ence firing,engage the target given in the fire comman d un til you hit it. For each roun dyou fire, your assistant ann oun ces H it or Miss.

f. Station 3, Task 5, Mid range Position (NBC), Area Target.(1) Load on e of the three rounds allotted.(2) When you receive the follow ing fire comman d , repeat each elemen t

as it is given:

FIRE MISSIONFRONT3 ROUN DS200 (AUTOMATIC WEAPON POSITION)AT MY COMMAND

(3) Acquire the p roper sight p icture, and annou nce Up to your assistant.(4) Have your assistant signal the tower operator that you are ready.(5) When the tow er operator gives the comm and to FIRE, engage the

target. Engage the target given in the fire command until you hit it. For eachround you fire, your assistant announces Hit or Miss.

5-12. DAY RECORD FIRE QUALIFICATION STANDARDSBefore firing, each grenadier must know the tasks, the time and ammunitionrequired, the procedures to follow if a stoppage occurs, the penalties for failure

to stop firing when commanded or signaled to do so, and the method used for

scoring targets.a. Time and Ammunition. Each grenadier determines the target and its

distance before loading any rounds. When the grenadier receives the commandto FIRE, the time allotted for that task in Firing Table I begins.

b. Stoppages. The grenadier mu st apply imm ediate action procedu res ifa stopp age occur s. If he can redu ce the stopp age, he can continu e to fire thecourse. The trainers allow each grenadier an extra 15 seconds for eachapplication of immediate action.

(1) If a stopp age occurs that you cannot red uce by immediate action, raise

your hand and announce "Time."(2) When you say "Time," the assistant trainer notes the time, ensures

that a real stoppage exists, and tries to clear the stoppage. If he clears it, youcan complete firing. If he is un able to clear it, the grader will clear it, and youwill be allowed 15 second s for each rou nd remaining to complete firing.

(3) If you mad e an error that caused the stoppage, you d o not receive extratime, and your score consists only of whatever you had earned when thestoppage occurred.

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(4) If the gren ade launcher m ust be replaced, you are allotted 10round s to zero a new one, then you m ay repeat the exercise.

(5) If malfunctions p revent you from finishing the exercise in th e time

allowed, you can finish it in an alibi run after all other grenadiers comp letefiring.

c. Penalties. Five points are d edu cted from the score of any grenad ierwh o fails to stop firing w hen the trainer command s or signals to do so. If agrenadier fires at the wrong target, he loses the round s allotted for the othertarget, which leaves him only the remainder of his rounds to expend on bothtargets.

d . Target Scoring. The trainer or assistant trainer records scores onDA Form 2946-R. They determine whether each grenade fired is a hit ormiss, then assign 0 points for a miss or 10 points for a hit. Tasks 1 through 3each consist of two targets, so the total available for each of these tasks is 20

points. The grenad ier may select wh ich of the tw o targets to engage first. Ifhe scores a hit on the first, the trainer permits him to engage the second, andhe return s all unexpended round s to the assistant trainer. Tasks 4 and 5 each

consist of firing one target, for a total of 10 points each.(1) W indow or door. To score a hit on a w indow or door, the grenade must

either strike the target or go through the opening in the center of the target.(2)Bunker. To score a hit on th e bun ker, the grenade m ust strike

anyw here on the face of the bun ker.(3)Autom atic w eapon. To score a hit on an automatic weapon, the

grenad e must strike with in 10 meters of the target.(4) Troops. To score a hit on troop s, the grenad e mu st strike w ithin

10 meters of the t arget.

5-13. MO UNTING THE AN/PVS-4The grenad ier mu st moun t the AN/ PVS-4 to the weapon before he zeroesit, and he must do both before he can qualify with the M203 grenadelauncher. To mount the scope, he must

a. Remove the quadrant sight.b. Position the m oun ting bracket assembly on the left side of the r ifle

so that the two clamp s project through the opening u nder the hand le. Loosen

the w ing nuts comp letely (Figure 5-12).c. Turn the clamp plates so that the p ointed end s are in the UP position

and are seated against the hand le.d. Tighten th e wing nuts clockwise until the moun ting bracket is secure

against the weapon.e. Position the sight in th e groove on top of the bracket, and align the

threaded hole in the base of the sight mou nting adap ter with the lever screw

assembly. Tighten the screw clockwise firmly to secure the sight to the bracket.

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5-14. ZEROING THE AN/PVS-4 TO TH E M203After the nightsight is mounted on the M203, it is zeroed to the M16. This mustbe done before the n ightsight can be zeroed to the M203. FM 23-9 prov idesinstructions for doing this. Then the M 16 is used to zero the nightsight to theM203. The grenad e launcher rou nd s are fired only to confirm the zero. To zerothe nightsight to the M203

a. Center the Reticle Pattern.Use the aiming p oints on the nightsightreticle (Figure 5-13) and the range settings on the mou nting bracket. Center thenightsights reticle pattern w ithin the field of view (FOV). Note tha t it may n ot

be centered even if it appears to be. To ensure it is, rotate the azimuth controlknob either way until it stops. Then, rotate it back the opposite way, countingthe nu mber of clicks until it stops again (this may be an y nu mber of clicksbetween 200 and 600). Divide the nu mber of clicks in half, and rotate the kn obin the original direction by that nu mber of clicks. For examp le, if the totalnumber of clicks is 500, rotate the knob back 250 clicks in the original direction.

Center the elevation using the same procedure w ith the elevation control knob.The total amoun t of elevation clicks also varies between 200 and 600.

b. Adjust the Reticle Pattern. Before adjusting the reticle pattern, thegrenadier should fire three 5.56-mm round s, then retighten the m ount wingnuts to securely seat the sight. Once this is done, the grenadier fires at a 10-meter

target, because hitting and spotting th is target is easier than hitting a 25-metertarget. This procedure m ay be p erformed in daylight using the d aylight cover:

(1) Turn the sight on and adjust the reticle intensity to the desired level of

illumination.(2) Place an M16 25-meter target a t 10 meters and stabilize the w eapon .(3) Fire a 5.56-mm round at the center of the target and mark the hole the

round makes.

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(a) If the rou nd misses the entire targ et, reseat the sight exactly aspreviously described.

(b) If the rou nd hits the target but n ot within 20 centimeters (8 inches) ofthe center, adjust the azimuth and elevation controls to bring the impact pointtoward the center of the target, then fire a second round. Continue to fire singleround s and ad just the controls until the round s strike within the desired distancefrom the center.

(4) Once the reticle is adjusted, move the 25-meter target out to 25 meters

and zero the grenad e launcher. DO NOT REMOVE the nightsight from theweapon until you have obtained a zero.

c. Zero at 25 Meters. This zero is not recorded. To obtain a 25-meterzero, the grenad ier must

(1) Stabilize th e w eapon .

(2) Center the reticles zeroing ran ge aiming p oint on th e target aim ingpoint (center of the target) (Figu re 5-13). Fire un til you obtain a goodthree-round shot group . Triangulate and locate the center of the shot group .

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NOTE: Even if the nightsight is dismounted and remounted on thesame weapon, some changes in its zeroing will occur, so it must bezeroed again.

(3) Turn the azimuth and elevation control knobs to adjust the sight reticle.Move the center of the shot grou p 9.8 centimeters (3 7/ 8 inches) below an d 4.2

centimeters (1 5/ 8 inches) to the right of the target aiming p oint (Figure 5-14).For example, if the shot group is high and to the left of the desired impact point,

adjust the elevation down (DN) and the azimu th right (RT). One click of theazimuth or elevation adjustment moves the strike of the round .63 centimeter(1/ 4 inch) at a range of 25 meters. Two clicks move the reticle about one squ are

on the target.(4) After adjusting the r eticle, assume a stable p osition. Place the reticle

aiming point on the target aiming point, and fire three more round s.(5) Repeat Steps 4 and 5 until the rou nd s strike within a 3.2 centimeter

(1 1/ 4 inch) circle in the d esired location 9.8 centimeters (3 7/ 8 inches) belowand 4.2 centimeters (1 5/ 8 inches) to the right of the aiming p oint, or until youhave fired 12 rounds, whichever occurs first. If you are unable to zero theAN/ PVS-4 after 12 round s, the trainer mu st send you to remedial training.

(6) Confirm the zero on the grenade launcher range using a 200-metertarget. Place the nightsight into operation and use its reticle, which has twopar ts. Use the vertical line in the up per p art of the reticle to estimate range andthe lower part to aim the weapon.

(a) Set the range as estimated on the range indicator of the moun ting

bracket (Figure 5-13).(b) Engage the target, p lacing the aiming point of the sight reticle on the

targets center o f mass (Figu re 5-14). Fire the w eapon using all yourmarksmanship skills. You have confirmed the zero if two of three rounds strike

within 5 meters of the target.

5-15. NIGHT RECORD FIRENight or limited visibility firing trains grenad iers to apply the fund amen tals of

grenade launcher m arksmanship w hile using the AN/ PVS-4 nightsight. Thistraining increases the grenadiers confidence. Each grenadier learns to zero th eM203 to the AN/ PVS-4 on the 25-meter range, then fires at one area ta rget onthe M203 grenade launcher range. The grenadiers are instructed before nightfiring in its objectives, fundamentals, fire commands, and targets. The unit isorganized in firing ord ers based on th e range constraints. Each firing ord ershould consist of a grenadier and assistant. The assistant performs his duties in

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a manner similar to day record fire. Night record fire consists of one task:Station 3, Task 6, midrange fighting position (night), area target.

a. Load one of the three rou nd s allotted.

b. When you receive the following fire command, repeat each element asit is given:

GRENADIERFRONT3 ROUN DS200 (AUTOMATIC WEAPON POSITION)AT MY COMMAND

c. Acquire the prop er sight picture, and announce "Up" to the grader.d. When th e grader gives the comm and FIRE, engage the target given in

the fire command until you hit it. Fire any remaining rounds at the secondtarget. You need no other fire command. For each round you fire, your assistantannounces Hit or Miss.

5-16. NIGHT RECORD FIRE QUALIFICATION STANDARDSBefore firing, each grenadier must know the tasks, the time and ammunitionrequired for each, the procedures to follow if a stoppage occurs, the penaltiesfor failure to stop firing when command ed or signaled to do so, and the methodused for scoring targets.

a. Time and Ammun ition. Firing Table II (Table 5-2) prov ides the

night firing task and its time and ammunition requirements.b. Stoppages. The procedu re for stopp ages is the same as for other

qualification firing exercises.c. Penalties. The procedu re for penalties is the sam e as for other

qualification firing exercises.d . Target Scoring. The target-scoring procedure is the same as for other

qualification firing exercises.e. Conditions. Night record fire trains the grenadier to engage targets

between 150 and 250 meters under ideal moonlight conditions.