Audit site: Warley Water Tower
Harborne Road
Olbury
Birmingham
West Midlands
B68
(no photo)
Mobile Phone
Base-Station Audit
The Office of Communications (Ofcom) is responsible for management of the civil radio spectrum in the UK. Following recommendations of the Stewart Report in 2000 Ofcom is continuing a national measurement programme to ensure that emissions from cellular base stations do not exceed the guidelines for public maximum exposure set by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP).
Electric field strength measurements made in various bands are referenced to andpresented alongside the relevant ICNIRP public maximum exposure levels. On theleft hand side of the results page(s) is a graphical representation of the radiospectrum surveyed at each location on the site. The grIeen line on each graphindicates the ICNIRP guideline exposure level for that frequency band. To the righthand side of each graph is a table showing the ten highest level emissions recordedwithin a band.
Further explanation of the results and their context within the ICNIRP guidelines can be provided by the Ofcom officers at the time of the audit or by contacting Ofcom on 020 7981 3040 or by e-mail at [email protected] A glossary of terms can be found at the end of the report.
Results taken from all audit sites and further information on the audit programme can be found on the Ofcom website at www.ofcom.org.uk
Page 1 of 15
Summary of results:
Location Total band exposure Relationship to ICNIRP Limit
Entrance to Castle Croft 4.66E-05 1/ 21458
Harborne Rd opp Warley Water Tower 8.38E-06 1/ 119281
Lenwade Road opposite Number 4 7.91E-06 1/ 126370
Hadzor Road Outside Number 24 2.67E-06 1/ 374951
Outside 20 Hadzor Road 2.1E-06 1/ 476885
Issued on behalf of Ofcom.
Issued by: Received by:
JB Local Resident
Field Engineer
The following table, sorted in descending order of signal level, summarises the results obtained at each
measurement location.
Report Summary
As the radio spectrum is continually changing, these measurements can only provide information on the
radio frequency (RF) conditions for the specific locations at the time of the survey.
Ofcom performed this survey of the RF emission environment prevailing in the vicinity of Warley Water
Tower on 24/11/2009
Page 2 of 15
1.
2.
3.
Survey equipment
The measurements were performed using:
*
*
Receiver:
Manufacturer: Rohde & Schwarz
Model: FSH6
Serial Number: 100684
Probe:
Manufacturer: Rohde & Schwarz
Model: TS-EMF
Serial Number: 100039
a carefully calibrated exposure level meter for all cellular frequencies to ensure that that the
measurements are meaningful and accurate.
an isotropic field probe, which reacts to all polarisations (directions) of the electric field, in a similar
way to biological tissue.
Survey Methodology
EM power density levels have been measured in this survey using a carefully designed
and controlled methodology. Elements of this methodology include:
A peak search around the identified location in order to determine with accuracy the spot where the
maximum radiation levels are being received. To achieve this, the survey engineer walked in the
area surrounding the site along a pre-defined template path, using the hand-held probe and noted
the location of maximum reading.
The probe was then positioned on a tripod at the exact location of the maximum radiation level
readings and the measurement taken. The height of the probe is approximately 1.5m above the
ground.
The exact measurement position was recorded using a GPS receiver and photographs of the
location were taken where appropriate.
Page 3 of 15
Site: Warley Water Tower
Location: Outside 20 Hadzor Road
Total Band Exposure Quotient: 2.09694E-06
Total Number of Measurements: 3
NGR: SP 0079 8572
Start time: 24/11/2009 12:24
Officer: JB
(no photo)
Frequency
(MHz)
Power
Density
(W/m2)
ICNIRP
Maximum
(W/m2)
Exposure
Quotient
950 5.64E-07 4.75 1.19E-07
950.2 2.27E-07 4.751 4.77E-08
937 8.74E-08 4.685 1.87E-08
938.6 7.03E-08 4.693 1.5E-08
937.8 6.96E-08 4.689 1.48E-08
949.8 3.51E-08 4.749 7.4E-09
948.2 3.44E-08 4.741 7.27E-09
954.4 2.8E-08 4.772 5.87E-09
938 2.2E-08 4.69 4.68E-09
937.2 2.15E-08 4.686 4.59E-09
Band Exposure Quotient: 2.45E-07
Measurement location: Outside 20 Hadzor Road
1E-091E-08
0.00000010.000001
0.000010.0001
0.0010.01
0.11
921
924.6
928.4
932.2
936
939.8
943.6
947.4
951.2
955
958.8
GSM 900
Power Density ICNIRP Limit
Page 4 of 15
Frequency
(MHz)
Power
Density
(W/m2)
ICNIRP
Maximum
(W/m2)
Exposure
Quotient
1864.6 6.6E-07 9.323 7.08E-08
1834.8 3.04E-07 9.174 3.32E-08
1852.8 2.33E-07 9.264 2.51E-08
1854 1.22E-07 9.27 1.32E-08
1850 9.76E-08 9.25 1.05E-08
1836.6 8.82E-08 9.183 9.6E-09
1859.8 7.89E-08 9.299 8.48E-09
1856.2 6.06E-08 9.281 6.53E-09
1837.8 3.92E-08 9.189 4.26E-09
1864.8 3.69E-08 9.324 3.96E-09
Band Exposure Quotient: 1.86E-07
Frequency
(MHz)
Power
Density
(W/m2)
ICNIRP
Maximum
(W/m2)
Exposure
Quotient
2142.5 1.08E-05 10 1.08E-06
2167.2 3.24E-06 10 3.24E-07
2162.3 1.58E-06 10 1.58E-07
2152.4 6.17E-07 10 6.17E-08
2157.2 7.95E-08 10 7.95E-09
2147.3 7.44E-08 10 7.44E-09
2137.4 7.15E-08 10 7.15E-09
2132.6 6.91E-08 10 6.91E-09
2117.7 6.59E-08 10 6.59E-09
2112.8 6.48E-08 10 6.48E-09
Band Exposure Quotient: 1.67E-06
1E-091E-08
0.00000010.000001
0.000010.0001
0.0010.01
0.11
1820
1825.4
1831
1836.6
1842.2
1847.8
1853.4
1859
1864.6
1870.2
1875.8
GSM 1800
PowerDensity ICNIRP Limit
1E-080.0000001
0.0000010.00001
0.00010.001
0.010.1
110
UMTS
Power Density ICNIRP Limit
Page 5 of 15
Site: Warley Water Tower
Location: Entrance to Castle Croft
Total Band Exposure Quotient: 4.66021E-05
Total Number of Measurements: 3
NGR: SP 0093 8567
Start time: 24/11/2009 12:41
Officer: JB
(no photo)
Frequency
(MHz)
Power
Density
(W/m2)
ICNIRP
Maximum
(W/m2)
Exposure
Quotient
937 1.35E-05 4.685 2.87E-06
949.6 1.25E-05 4.748 2.63E-06
950 1.15E-05 4.75 2.43E-06
949.8 5.24E-06 4.749 1.1E-06
950.2 4.5E-06 4.751 9.46E-07
936.2 3.24E-06 4.681 6.93E-07
935.4 2.47E-06 4.677 5.28E-07
937.8 1.88E-06 4.689 4.01E-07
938.6 1.83E-06 4.693 3.9E-07
937.2 1.78E-06 4.686 3.79E-07
Band Exposure Quotient: 1.24E-05
Measurement location: Entrance to Castle Croft
1E-091E-08
0.00000010.000001
0.000010.0001
0.0010.01
0.11
921
924.6
928.4
932.2
936
939.8
943.6
947.4
951.2
955
958.8
GSM 900
Power Density ICNIRP Limit
Page 6 of 15
Frequency
(MHz)
Power
Density
(W/m2)
ICNIRP
Maximum
(W/m2)
Exposure
Quotient
1875 0.000187 9.375 2E-05
1864.6 1.64E-05 9.323 1.76E-06
1874.8 3.56E-06 9.374 3.8E-07
1875.2 3.18E-06 9.376 3.39E-07
1834.8 2.52E-06 9.174 2.75E-07
1864.8 2.26E-06 9.324 2.42E-07
1873.8 2.04E-06 9.369 2.18E-07
1836.6 1.97E-06 9.183 2.14E-07
1837.8 1.96E-06 9.189 2.13E-07
1832.8 1.93E-06 9.164 2.1E-07
Band Exposure Quotient: 2.38E-05
Frequency
(MHz)
Power
Density
(W/m2)
ICNIRP
Maximum
(W/m2)
Exposure
Quotient
2142.5 8.42E-05 10 8.42E-06
2152.4 8.3E-06 10 8.3E-07
2162.3 6.87E-06 10 6.87E-07
2167.2 4.31E-06 10 4.31E-07
2157.2 8.63E-08 10 8.63E-09
2147.3 7.96E-08 10 7.96E-09
2117.7 7.82E-08 10 7.82E-09
2137.4 7.5E-08 10 7.5E-09
2132.6 7.35E-08 10 7.35E-09
2112.8 7.32E-08 10 7.32E-09
Band Exposure Quotient: 1.04E-05
0.000001
0.00001
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
1820
1825
1830.2
1835.4
1840.6
1845.8
1851
1856.2
1861.4
1866.6
1871.8
1877
GSM 1800
PowerDensity ICNIRP Limit
1E-080.0000001
0.0000010.00001
0.00010.001
0.010.1
110
UMTS
Power Density ICNIRP Limit
Page 7 of 15
Site: Warley Water Tower
Location: Harborne Rd opp Warley Water Tower
Total Band Exposure Quotient: 8.38354E-06
Total Number of Measurements: 3
NGR: SP 0094 8580
Start time: 24/11/2009 12:49
Officer: JB
(no photo)
Frequency
(MHz)
Power
Density
(W/m2)
ICNIRP
Maximum
(W/m2)
Exposure
Quotient
949.6 1.31E-05 4.748 2.77E-06
935.4 6.69E-06 4.677 1.43E-06
949.8 4.98E-06 4.749 1.05E-06
936.2 1.58E-06 4.681 3.37E-07
954.4 1.56E-06 4.772 3.26E-07
935.2 1.5E-06 4.676 3.22E-07
949.4 6.87E-07 4.747 1.45E-07
935.6 6.76E-07 4.678 1.45E-07
953 5.47E-07 4.765 1.15E-07
936.4 4.66E-07 4.682 9.95E-08
Band Exposure Quotient: 6.73E-06
Measurement location: Harborne Rd opp Warley Water Tower
1E-091E-08
0.00000010.000001
0.000010.0001
0.0010.01
0.11
921
924.6
928.4
932.2
936
939.8
943.6
947.4
951.2
955
958.8
GSM 900
Power Density ICNIRP Limit
Page 8 of 15
Frequency
(MHz)
Power
Density
(W/m2)
ICNIRP
Maximum
(W/m2)
Exposure
Quotient
1875 3.97E-06 9.375 4.23E-07
1832.8 1.62E-06 9.164 1.77E-07
1856.2 1.61E-06 9.281 1.74E-07
1873.8 2.92E-07 9.369 3.12E-08
1841.8 8.42E-08 9.209 9.14E-09
1833 6.5E-08 9.165 7.09E-09
1846 5.33E-08 9.23 5.78E-09
1865 4.98E-08 9.325 5.34E-09
1874.8 4.9E-08 9.374 5.22E-09
1875.2 4.49E-08 9.376 4.79E-09
Band Exposure Quotient: 8.42E-07
Frequency
(MHz)
Power
Density
(W/m2)
ICNIRP
Maximum
(W/m2)
Exposure
Quotient
2162.3 3.06E-06 10 3.06E-07
2152.4 1.81E-06 10 1.81E-07
2142.5 1.37E-06 10 1.37E-07
2167.2 1.35E-06 10 1.35E-07
2157.2 8.75E-08 10 8.75E-09
2112.8 8.65E-08 10 8.65E-09
2117.7 8.62E-08 10 8.62E-09
2147.3 8.31E-08 10 8.31E-09
2137.4 7.58E-08 10 7.58E-09
2132.6 7.48E-08 10 7.48E-09
Band Exposure Quotient: 8.08E-07
1E-091E-08
0.00000010.000001
0.000010.0001
0.0010.01
0.11
1820
1825.4
1831
1836.6
1842.2
1847.8
1853.4
1859
1864.6
1870.2
1875.8
GSM 1800
PowerDensity ICNIRP Limit
1E-080.0000001
0.0000010.00001
0.00010.001
0.010.1
110
UMTS
Power Density ICNIRP Limit
Page 9 of 15
Site: Warley Water Tower
Location: Lenwade Road opposite Number 4
Total Band Exposure Quotient: 7.91325E-06
Total Number of Measurements: 3
NGR: SP 0081 8587
Start time: 24/11/2009 12:59
Officer: JB
(no photo)
Frequency
(MHz)
Power
Density
(W/m2)
ICNIRP
Maximum
(W/m2)
Exposure
Quotient
947.6 2.14E-06 4.738 4.51E-07
954.4 1.64E-06 4.772 3.43E-07
947.8 6.89E-07 4.739 1.45E-07
948.2 5.78E-07 4.741 1.22E-07
953 4.02E-07 4.765 8.43E-08
954.2 2.59E-07 4.771 5.43E-08
948.4 2.06E-07 4.742 4.35E-08
954.6 1.8E-07 4.773 3.77E-08
947.4 1.29E-07 4.737 2.73E-08
952.8 5.31E-08 4.764 1.11E-08
Band Exposure Quotient: 1.32E-06
Measurement location: Lenwade Road opposite Number 4
1E-091E-08
0.00000010.000001
0.000010.0001
0.0010.01
0.11
921
924.6
928.4
932.2
936
939.8
943.6
947.4
951.2
955
958.8
GSM 900
Power Density ICNIRP Limit
Page 10 of 15
Frequency
(MHz)
Power
Density
(W/m2)
ICNIRP
Maximum
(W/m2)
Exposure
Quotient
1856.2 2.98E-05 9.281 3.21E-06
1850.8 2.08E-06 9.254 2.25E-07
1841.8 1.33E-06 9.209 1.45E-07
1847.6 1.29E-06 9.238 1.39E-07
1856 2.98E-07 9.28 3.21E-08
1856.4 2.53E-07 9.282 2.72E-08
1864.6 2.4E-07 9.323 2.58E-08
1834.2 1.67E-07 9.171 1.82E-08
1850.6 8.44E-08 9.253 9.12E-09
1820 5.78E-08 9.1 6.35E-09
Band Exposure Quotient: 3.83E-06
Frequency
(MHz)
Power
Density
(W/m2)
ICNIRP
Maximum
(W/m2)
Exposure
Quotient
2142.5 1.97E-05 10 1.97E-06
2162.3 3.08E-06 10 3.08E-07
2167.2 2.81E-06 10 2.81E-07
2152.4 1.57E-06 10 1.57E-07
2157.2 8.71E-08 10 8.71E-09
2147.3 8.01E-08 10 8.01E-09
2137.4 7.56E-08 10 7.56E-09
2132.6 7.36E-08 10 7.36E-09
2117.7 7.15E-08 10 7.15E-09
2112.8 6.92E-08 10 6.92E-09
Band Exposure Quotient: 2.76E-06
1E-091E-08
0.00000010.000001
0.000010.0001
0.0010.01
0.11
1820
1825.4
1831
1836.6
1842.2
1847.8
1853.4
1859
1864.6
1870.2
1875.8
GSM 1800
PowerDensity ICNIRP Limit
1E-080.0000001
0.0000010.00001
0.00010.001
0.010.1
110
UMTS
Power Density ICNIRP Limit
Page 11 of 15
Site: Warley Water Tower
Location: Hadzor Road Outside Number 24
Total Band Exposure Quotient: 2.66701E-06
Total Number of Measurements: 3
NGR: SP 0076 8576
Start time: 24/11/2009 13:10
Officer: JB
(no photo)
Frequency
(MHz)
Power
Density
(W/m2)
ICNIRP
Maximum
(W/m2)
Exposure
Quotient
954.4 6.7E-07 4.772 1.4E-07
950 5.08E-07 4.75 1.07E-07
950.2 1.85E-07 4.751 3.89E-08
937 1.75E-07 4.685 3.74E-08
938.6 1.72E-07 4.693 3.66E-08
937.8 1.55E-07 4.689 3.31E-08
954.2 1.02E-07 4.771 2.13E-08
947.6 1.01E-07 4.738 2.13E-08
954.6 6.73E-08 4.773 1.41E-08
953 6E-08 4.765 1.26E-08
Band Exposure Quotient: 4.63E-07
Measurement location: Hadzor Road Outside Number 24
1E-091E-08
0.00000010.000001
0.000010.0001
0.0010.01
0.11
921
924.6
928.4
932.2
936
939.8
943.6
947.4
951.2
955
958.8
GSM 900
Power Density ICNIRP Limit
Page 12 of 15
Frequency
(MHz)
Power
Density
(W/m2)
ICNIRP
Maximum
(W/m2)
Exposure
Quotient
1864.6 4.97E-06 9.323 5.33E-07
1834.8 1.07E-06 9.174 1.16E-07
1856.2 2.91E-07 9.281 3.14E-08
1825.6 2.6E-07 9.128 2.85E-08
1854 2.52E-07 9.27 2.72E-08
1859.8 2.47E-07 9.299 2.66E-08
1836.6 2.42E-07 9.183 2.64E-08
1822.2 2.37E-07 9.111 2.6E-08
1850 2.23E-07 9.25 2.41E-08
1852.8 2.07E-07 9.264 2.23E-08
Band Exposure Quotient: 8.62E-07
Frequency
(MHz)
Power
Density
(W/m2)
ICNIRP
Maximum
(W/m2)
Exposure
Quotient
2142.5 5.62E-06 10 5.62E-07
2167.2 3.87E-06 10 3.87E-07
2162.3 2.85E-06 10 2.85E-07
2152.4 6.14E-07 10 6.14E-08
2157.2 8.88E-08 10 8.88E-09
2147.3 8.13E-08 10 8.13E-09
2137.4 7.77E-08 10 7.77E-09
2132.6 7.46E-08 10 7.46E-09
2117.7 7.07E-08 10 7.07E-09
2112.8 6.98E-08 10 6.98E-09
Band Exposure Quotient: 1.34E-06
1E-091E-08
0.00000010.000001
0.000010.0001
0.0010.01
0.11
1820
1825.4
1831
1836.6
1842.2
1847.8
1853.4
1859
1864.6
1870.2
1875.8
GSM 1800
PowerDensity ICNIRP Limit
1E-080.0000001
0.0000010.00001
0.00010.001
0.010.1
110
UMTS
Power Density ICNIRP Limit
Page 13 of 15
EM Exposure Background
All radio waves are electromagnetic waves (“EM”), which are composed of electric and magnetic fields.
These waves are referred to as „non-ionising radiation‟ as distinct from the ionising radiation produced by
radioactive sources. We are all regularly exposed to EM radiation from a variety of sources.
Exposure to EM waves is measured in terms of the electric and magnetic field strengths, which are
produced by a transmitter at locations, which could be accessed by the public. The electric field strength,
E, is measured in volts per meter [V.m-1]. The power that could be absorbed by an object at a given
location is proportional to the area of the object multiplied by the square of the electric field strength.
In this report, the Exposure Quotient (“EQ”) is calculated to express the ratio of the measured power
density levels (expressed in W/m2) to the ICNIRP Reference power density levels (derived from the
Reference field strength levels). The EQ is then summed over all the frequencies in each of the surveyed
bands to yield the band exposure quotient as shown in the Survey Results section of this document. A
band EQ of 1 (unity) means that the ICNIRP Reference level has been reached at the surveyed frequency
band.
Page 14 of 15
Site:
Location:
Band:
NGR:
GPS:
Start Time:
Officer:
Receiver:
Antenna:
Exposure:
Power Density:
ICNIRP Limit:
Frequency Exposure Quotient:
Band Exposure Quotient:
Total Band Exposure Quotient:
GSM:
TETRA:
UMTS:
1.00E-03:
1.00E-06:
1.00E-09:
1.00E-12:
Equal to one millionth
Equal to one thousand-millionth
Equal to one million-millionth
Global System for Mobile communication
Terrestrial Trunked Radio
Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (Third Generation mobile-phone services)
Exponential (or „scientific‟) number format. Equal to one thousandth
The reference level given by the International Commission for Non-Ionizing Radiation
Protection (ICNIRP) for general public exposure to electromagnetic fields
The ratio of the measured maximum power density to the ICNIRP limit at a given
frequency. A value close to 1 signifies that exposure levels could be near to the ICNIRP
limit for that frequency
The sum of the frequency exposure quotients for a single band at a location
The sum of the frequency exposure quotients for all of the measured bands at a location
The receiver used to perform the measurements
The antenna used to perform the measurements
The maximum measured electric field strength (dB(μV/m)) converted to an equivalent
power density (W/m²)
The electromagnetic energy flowing through a unit area normal to the direction of
propagation in a unit time. Measured in Watts per square metre (W/m²)
The Ordnance Survey national grid reference coordinates of the location. In this survey
NGRs are specified to 8-digit (10-metre) resolution. E.g. SJ 9755 9888
The Global Positioning System
The date and time at which the receiver started taking its measurements at a location
The name of the Ofcom representative who carried out the audit
Glossary
The position within a site at which a single set of measurements is taken. A set of
measurements consists of multiple scans of many frequencies within a number of bands
The building or area around which sets of measurements are taken
A portion of the electromagnetic spectrum reserved for specific radio services
Page 15 of 15